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4. First 100 Persons with COVID-19 — Zambia, March 18–April 28, 2020

Author

Chipimo, Peter J., Barradas, Danielle T., Kayeyi, Nkomba, Zulu, Paul M., Muzala, Kapina, Mazaba, Mazyanga L., Hamoonga, Raymond, Musonda, Kunda, Monze, Mwaka, Kapata, Nathan, Sinyange, Nyambe, Simwaba, Davie, Kapaya, Fred, Mulenga, Lloyd, Chanda, Duncan, Malambo, Warren, Ngosa, William, Hines, Jonas, Yingst, Samuel, Agolory, Simon, and Mukonka, Victor

Published
2020

5. Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in six districts in Zambia in July, 2020: a cross-sectional cluster sample survey

Author

Mulenga, Lloyd B, Hines, Jonas Z, Fwoloshi, Sombo, Chirwa, Lameck, Siwingwa, Mpanji, Yingst, Samuel, Wolkon, Adam, Barradas, Danielle T, Favaloro, Jennifer, Zulu, James E, Banda, Dabwitso, Nikoi, Kotey I, Kampamba, Davies, Banda, Ngawo, Chilopa, Batista, Hanunka, Brave, Stevens, Thomas L, Jr, Shibemba, Aaron, Mwale, Consity, Sivile, Suilanji, Zyambo, Khozya D, Makupe, Alex, Kapina, Muzala, Mweemba, Aggrey, Sinyange, Nyambe, Kapata, Nathan, Zulu, Paul M, Chanda, Duncan, Mupeta, Francis, Chilufya, Chitalu, Mukonka, Victor, Agolory, Simon, and Malama, Kennedy

Published
2021
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6. First COVID-19 case in Zambia — Comparative phylogenomic analyses of SARS-CoV-2 detected in African countries

Author

Simulundu, Edgar, Mupeta, Francis, Chanda-Kapata, Pascalina, Saasa, Ngonda, Changula, Katendi, Muleya, Walter, Chitanga, Simbarashe, Mwanza, Miniva, Simusika, Paul, Chambaro, Herman, Mubemba, Benjamin, Kajihara, Masahiro, Chanda, Duncan, Mulenga, Lloyd, Fwoloshi, Sombo, Shibemba, Aaron Lunda, Kapaya, Fred, Zulu, Paul, Musonda, Kunda, Monze, Mwaka, Sinyange, Nyambe, Mazaba, Mazyanga L., Kapin’a, Muzala, Chipimo, Peter J., Hamoonga, Raymond, Simwaba, Davie, Ngosa, William, Morales, Albertina N., Kayeyi, Nkomba, Tembo, John, Bates, Mathew, Orba, Yasuko, Sawa, Hirofumi, Takada, Ayato, Nalubamba, King S., Malama, Kennedy, Mukonka, Victor, Zumla, Alimuddin, and Kapata, Nathan

Published
2021
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7. Observational study on the characteristics of COVID-19 transmission dynamics during the first wave of the epidemic in Lusaka, Zambia

Author

Phiri, Millica, primary, Imamura, Tadatsugu, additional, Sakubita, Patrick, additional, Langa, Nelia, additional, Mulenga, Moses, additional, Mulenga, Marian Matipa, additional, Kapapi, George, additional, Mwamba, Michael, additional, Nalwimba, Jane, additional, Tembo, Deborah, additional, Keembe, Kingsley, additional, Moompizho, Karen, additional, Kayeyi, Nkomba, additional, Ngosa, William, additional, Simwaba, Davie, additional, Zulu, Paul Msanzya, additional, Kapaya, Fred, additional, Hamoonga, Raymond, additional, Mazaba, Mazyanga Lucy, additional, Sinyange, Nyambe, additional, Kapina, Muzala, additional, Nagata, Chie, additional, Kapata, Nathan, additional, Ishiguro, Akira, additional, and Mukonka, Victor, additional

Published
2024
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8. Seroprevalence of Filovirus Infection of Rousettus aegyptiacus Bats in Zambia

Author

Changula, Katendi, Kajihara, Masahiro, Mori-Kajihara, Akina, Eto, Yoshiki, Miyamoto, Hiroko, Yoshida, Reiko, Shigeno, Asako, Hang’ombe, Bernard, Qiu, Yongjin, Mwizabi, Daniel, Squarre, David, Ndebe, Joseph, Ogawa, Hirohito, Harima, Hayato, Simulundu, Edgar, Moonga, Ladslav, Kapila, Penjaninge, Furuyama, Wakako, Kondoh, Tatsunari, Sato, Masahiro, Takadate, Yoshihiro, Kaneko, Chiho, Nakao, Ryo, Mukonka, Victor, Mweene, Aaron, and Takada, Ayato

Published
2018

10. Three transmission events of Vibrio cholerae O1 into Lusaka, Zambia

Author

Mwaba, John, Debes, Amanda K., Murt, Kelsey N., Shea, Patrick, Simuyandi, Michelo, Laban, Natasha, Kazimbaya, Katayi, Chisenga, Caroline, Li, Shan, Almeida, Mathieu, Meisel, Jacquelyn S., Shibemba, Aaron, Kantenga, Timothy, Mukonka, Victor, Kwenda, Geoffrey, Sack, David A., Chilengi, Roma, and Stine, O. Colin

Published
2021
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11. SARS-CoV-2 Prevalence among Outpatients during Community Transmission, Zambia, July 2020

Author

Hines, Jonas Z., Fwoloshi, Sombo, Kampamba, Davies, Barradas, Danielle T., Banda, Dabwitso, Zulu, James E., Wolkon, Adam, Yingst, Samuel, Boyd, Mary Adetinuke, Siwingwa, Mpanji, Chirwa, Lameck, Kapina, Muzala, Sinyange, Nyambe, Mukonka, Victor, Malama, Kennedy, Mulenga, Lloyd B., and Agolory, Simon

Subjects
Epidemics -- Statistics -- Zambia, Outpatients -- Statistics, Disease transmission -- Statistics -- Risk factors, Health
Abstract

During the July 2020 first wave of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in Zambia, PCR-measured prevalence was 13.4% among outpatients at health facilities, an absolute difference of 5.7% compared [...]

Published
2021
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12. Effect of a mother-baby delivery pack on institutional deliveries: A community intervention trial to address maternal mortality in rural Zambia.

Author

Mukonka, Victor, Sialubanje, Cephas, McAuliffe, Fionnuala M., Babaniyi, Olusegun, Malumo, Sarai, Phiri, Joseph, and Fitzpatrick, Patricia

Subjects
*DELIVERY (Obstetrics), *MATERNAL mortality, *PEDIATRIC clinics, *POSTNATAL care, *ANIMAL feeds, *RURAL health clinics
Abstract

Objectives: To test the effect of providing additional health education during antenatal care (ANC) and a mother-baby delivery pack on institutional deliveries in Monze, Zambia. Setting: 16 primary health facilities conducting deliveries in the district. Participant: A total of 5000 pregnant women at any gestation and age attending antenatal care (ANC) services in selected health facilities were eligible for enrolment into the study. Out of these, 4,500 (90%) were enrolled into and completed the study. A total of 3,882 (77.6%) were included in the analysis; 12.4% were not included in the analysis due to incomplete data. Intervention: A three-year study (2012 to 2014) analysing baseline delivery data for 2012 and 2013 followed by a community intervention trial was conducted from January to December 2014. Health facilities on the western side were assigned to the intervention arm; those on the eastern side were in the control. In addition to the health education provided during routine ANC visits, participants in the intervention arm received health education and a mother-baby delivery pack when they arrived at the health facility for delivery. Participants in the control arm continued with routine ANC services. Outcome measures: The primary measure was the number of institutional deliveries in both arms over the one-year period. Secondary measures were utilisation of ANC, post-natal care (PNC) and under-five clinic services. Descriptive statistics (frequencies, proportions, means and standard deviation) were computed to summarise participant characteristics. Chi-square and Independent T-tests were used to make comparisons between the two arms. One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test the effect of the intervention after one year (p-value<0.05). Analysis was conducted using R-studio statistical software version 4.2.1. The p-value<0.05 was considered significant. Results: Analysis showed a 15.9% increase in the number of institutional deliveries and a significant difference in the mean number of deliveries between intervention and control arms after one year (F(1,46) = 18.85, p<0.001). Post hoc analysis showed a significant difference in the mean number of deliveries between the intervention and control arms for 2014 (p<0.001). Compared to the control arm, participants in the intervention arm returned earlier for PNC clinic visit, brought their children back and started the under-five clinic visits earlier. Conclusion: These findings provide evidence for the effectiveness of the mother-baby delivery pack and additional health education sessions on increasing institutional deliveries, PNC and under-five children's clinic utilisation in rural Zambia. Trial registration: ISRCTN Registry (ISRCTN15439813DOI10.1186/ISRCTN15439813); Pan African Clinical Trial Registry (PACTR202212611709509). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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13. Euvichol-plus vaccine campaign coverage during the 2017/2018 cholera outbreak in Lusaka district, Zambia: a cross-sectional descriptive study

Author

Mukonka, Victor M, primary, Sialubanje, Cephas, additional, Matapo, Belem Blamwell, additional, Chewe, Orbrie, additional, Ngomah, Albertina Moraes, additional, Ngosa, Willaim, additional, Hamoonga, Raymond, additional, Sinyange, Nyambe, additional, Mzyece, Hannah, additional, Mazyanga, Lucy, additional, Bakyaita, Nathan, additional, and Kapata, Nathan, additional

Published
2023
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14. Cholera Epidemic — Lusaka, Zambia, October 2017–May 2018

Author

Sinyange, Nyambe, Brunkard, Joan M., Kapata, Nathan, Mazaba, Mazyanga Lucy, Musonda, Kunda G., Hamoonga, Raymond, Kapina, Muzala, Kapaya, Fred, Mutale, Lwito, Kateule, Ernest, Nanzaluka, Francis, Zulu, James, Musyani, Chileshe Lukwesa, Winstead, Alison V., Davis, William W., N’cho, Hammad S., Mulambya, Nelia L., Sakubita, Patrick, Chewe, Orbie, Nyimbili, Sulani, Onwuekwe, Ezinne V.C., Adrien, Nedghie, Blackstock, Anna J., Brown, Travis W., Derado, Gordana, Garrett, Nancy, Kim, Sunkyung, Hubbard, Sydney, Kahler, Amy M., Malambo, Warren, Mintz, Eric, Murphy, Jennifer, Narra, Rupa, Rao, Gouthami G., Riggs, Margaret A., Weber, Nicole, Yard, Ellen, Zyambo, Khozya D., Bakyaita, Nathan, Monze, Namani, Malama, Kennedy, Mulwanda, Jabbin, and Mukonka, Victor M.

Published
2018

15. Marburgvirus in Egyptian Fruit Bats, Zambia

Author

Kajihara, Masahiro, Hangombe, Bernard M., Changula, Katendi, Harima, Hayato, Isono, Mao, Okuya, Kosuke, Yoshida, Reiko, Mori-Kajihara, Akina, Eto, Yoshiki, Orba, Yasuko, Ogawa, Hirohito, Qiu, Yongjin, Sawa, Hirofumi, Simulundu, Edgar, Mwizabi, Daniel, Munyeme, Musso, Squarre, David, Mukonka, Victor, Mweene, Aaron, and Takada, Ayato

Subjects
Bats (Animals), Marburg virus disease, Disease susceptibility, Genomics, Primates, Hemorrhagic fevers, Ebola virus, Health
Abstract

The genus Marburgvirus, like Ebolavirus, belongs to the family Filoviridae and consists of virus species that cause severe hemorrhagic fever in humans and nonhuman primates. Marburgvirus contains 1 species, Marburg [...]

Published
2019

16. Genomic Analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strains Resistant to Second-Line Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs in Lusaka, Zambia

Author

Chizimu, Joseph Yamweka, primary, Solo, Eddie Samuneti, additional, Bwalya, Precious, additional, Kapalamula, Thoko Flav, additional, Mwale, Kaemba Kunkuta, additional, Squarre, David, additional, Shawa, Misheck, additional, Lungu, Patrick, additional, Barnes, David Atomanyi, additional, Yamba, Kaunda, additional, Mufune, Tiza, additional, Chambaro, Herman, additional, Kamboyi, Harvey, additional, Munyeme, Musso, additional, Hang’ombe, Bernard Mudenda, additional, Kapata, Nathan, additional, Mukonka, Victor, additional, Chilengi, Roma, additional, Thapa, Jeewan, additional, Nakajima, Chie, additional, and Suzuki, Yasuhiko, additional

Published
2023
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17. Benefits and challenges of consolidating public health functions into a National Public Health Institute: a policy analysis

Author

Carnevale, Caroline R, primary, Woldetsadik, Mahlet A, additional, Shiver, Arielle, additional, Gutierrez, Margaret, additional, Chhea, Chhorvann, additional, Ilori, Elsie, additional, Jani, Ilesh, additional, MaCauley, Jane, additional, Mukonka, Victor, additional, Nsanzimana, Sabin, additional, Ospina, Martha Lucia, additional, Raji, Tajudeen, additional, Spotts Whitney, Ellen A, additional, and Bratton, Shelly, additional

Published
2023
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18. Spatial factors for COVID-19 associated community deaths in an urban area of Lusaka, Zambia: an observational study

Author

Hamukale, Amos, primary, Imamura, Tadatsugu, additional, Kapina, Muzala, additional, Borkovska, Olena, additional, Musuka, Chisenga Abel, additional, Tembo, Emmanuel, additional, Xie, Yingtao, additional, Tedesco, Carmen, additional, Zulu, Paul Msanzya, additional, Sakubita, Patrick, additional, Kapaya, Fred, additional, Hamoonga, Raymond, additional, Liwewe, Mazyanga Mazaba, additional, Nagata, Chie, additional, Ishiguro, Akira, additional, Kapata, Nathan, additional, Mukonka, Victor, additional, and Sinyange, Nyambe, additional

Published
2023
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19. COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness during a Prison Outbreak when Omicron was the Dominant Circulating Variant—Zambia, December 2021

Author

Simwanza, John, primary, Hines, Jonas Z., additional, Sinyange, Danny, additional, Sinyange, Nyambe, additional, Mulenga, Chilufya, additional, Hanyinza, Sarah, additional, Sakubita, Patrick, additional, Langa, Nelia, additional, Nowa, Haggai, additional, Gardner, Priscilla, additional, Saasa, Ngonda, additional, Chitempa, Graham, additional, Simpungwe, James, additional, Malambo, Warren, additional, Hamainza, Busiku, additional, Chipimo, Peter J., additional, Kapata, Nathan, additional, Kapina, Muzala, additional, Musonda, Kunda, additional, Liwewe, Mazyanga, additional, Mwale, Consity, additional, Fwoloshi, Sombo, additional, Mulenga, Lloyd B., additional, Agolory, Simon, additional, Mukonka, Victor, additional, and Chilengi, Roma, additional

Published
2022
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20. Effectiveness of two doses of Euvichol-plus oral cholera vaccine in response to the 2017/2018 outbreak: a matched case–control study in Lusaka, Zambia

Author

Sialubanje, Cephas, primary, Kapina, Muzala, additional, Chewe, Orbrie, additional, Matapo, Belem Blamwell, additional, Ngomah, Albertina Moraes, additional, Gianetti, Brittany, additional, Ngosa, William, additional, Kasonde, Mpanga, additional, Musonda, Kunda, additional, Mulenga, Modest, additional, Michelo, C, additional, Sinyange, Nyambe, additional, Bobo, Patricia, additional, Zyambo, Khozya, additional, Mazyanga, Lucy, additional, Bakyaita, Nathan, additional, and Mukonka, Victor M, additional

Published
2022
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22. Genomic Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in the Southern Province of Zambia: Detection and Characterization of Alpha, Beta, Delta, and Omicron Variants of Concern

Author

Katowa, Ben, primary, Kalonda, Annie, additional, Mubemba, Benjamin, additional, Matoba, Japhet, additional, Shempela, Doreen Mainza, additional, Sikalima, Jay, additional, Kabungo, Boniface, additional, Changula, Katendi, additional, Chitanga, Simbarashe, additional, Kasonde, Mpanga, additional, Kapona, Otridah, additional, Kapata, Nathan, additional, Musonda, Kunda, additional, Monze, Mwaka, additional, Tembo, John, additional, Bates, Matthew, additional, Zumla, Alimuddin, additional, Sutcliffe, Catherine G., additional, Kajihara, Masahiro, additional, Yamagishi, Junya, additional, Takada, Ayato, additional, Sawa, Hirofumi, additional, Chilengi, Roma, additional, Mukonka, Victor, additional, Muleya, Walter, additional, and Simulundu, Edgar, additional

Published
2022
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23. COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness during a prison outbreak when the Omicron was the dominant circulating variant— Zambia, December 2021

Author

Simwanza, John, primary, Hines, Jonas Z., additional, Sinyange, Danny, additional, Sinyange, Nyambe, additional, Mulenga, Chilufya, additional, Hanyinza, Sarah, additional, Sakubita, Patrick, additional, Langa, Nelia, additional, Nowa, Haggai, additional, Gardner, Priscilla, additional, Saasa, Ngonda, additional, Chipeta, Gabriel, additional, Simpungwe, James, additional, Malambo, Warren, additional, Hamainza, Busiku, additional, Kapata, Nathan, additional, Kapina, Muzala, additional, Musonda, Kunda, additional, Liwewe, Mazyanga, additional, Mwale, Consity, additional, Fwoloshi, Sombo, additional, Mulenga, Lloyd B., additional, Agolory, Simon, additional, Mukonka, Victor, additional, and Chilengi, Roma, additional

Published
2022
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24. Whole-Genome Sequencing Reveals Recent Transmission of Multidrug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis CAS1-Kili Strains in Lusaka, Zambia

Author

Chizimu, Joseph Yamweka, Solo, Eddie Samuneti, Bwalya, Precious, Tanomsridachchai, Wimonrat, Chambaro, Herman, Shawa, Misheck, Kapalamula, Thoko Flav, Lungu, Patrick, Fukushima, Yukari, Mukonka, Victor, Thapa, Jeewan, 1000060435964, Nakajima, Chie, 1000090206540, Suzuki, Yasuhiko, Chizimu, Joseph Yamweka, Solo, Eddie Samuneti, Bwalya, Precious, Tanomsridachchai, Wimonrat, Chambaro, Herman, Shawa, Misheck, Kapalamula, Thoko Flav, Lungu, Patrick, Fukushima, Yukari, Mukonka, Victor, Thapa, Jeewan, 1000060435964, Nakajima, Chie, 1000090206540, and Suzuki, Yasuhiko

Abstract

Globally, tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of death due to antimicrobial resistance. Mycobacterium tuberculosis CAS1-Kili strains that belong to lineage 3 (Central Asian Strain, CAS) were previously implicated in the spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR)-TB in Lusaka, Zambia. Thus, we investigated recent transmission of those strains by whole-genome sequencing (WGS) with Illumina MiSeq platform. Twelve MDR CAS1-Kili isolates clustered by traditional methods (MIRU-VNTR and spoligotyping) were used. A total of 92% (11/12) of isolates belonged to a cluster (<= 12 SNPs) while 50% (6/12) were involved in recent transmission events, as they differed by <= 5 SNPs. All the isolates had KatG Ser315Thr (isoniazid resistance), EmbB Met306 substitutions (ethambutol resistance) and several kinds of rpoB mutations (rifampicin resistance). WGS also revealed compensatory mutations including a novel deletion in embA regulatory region (-35A > del). Several strains shared the same combinations of drug-resistance-associated mutations indicating transmission of MDR strains. Zambian strains belonged to the same clade as Tanzanian, Malawian and European strains, although most of those were pan-drug-susceptible. Hence, complimentary use of WGS to traditional epidemiological methods provides an in-depth insight on transmission and drug resistance patterns which can guide targeted control measures to stop the spread of MDR-TB.

Published
2022

25. A descriptive study of all COVID- 19 clients in Copperbelt province, Zambia 2020: A retrospective analysis

Author

Mutale, Lwito Salifya, primary, Ajumobi, Olufemi Olamide, additional, Nanzaluka, Francis, additional, Chileshe, Justine, additional, Sakubita, Patrick, additional, Sinyange, Nyambe, additional, Zulu, Paul Msanzya, additional, Kapina, Muzala, additional, Kapata, Nathan, additional, Dube, Christopher, additional, Mukupa, Gorge Chansa, additional, Kangala, Golden, additional, Mweembe, Albert, additional, Banda, Justor, additional, Sakulanda, Charles, additional, Nonde, James, additional, Zulu, Robert, additional, Mukonka, Victor, additional, Mwakazanga, David Kasanga, additional, and Chongwe, Gershom, additional

Published
2022
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26. Qualitative evaluation of enabling factors and barriers to the success and sustainability of national public health institutes in Cambodia, Colombia, Liberia, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda and Zambia

Author

Woldetsadik, Mahlet A, primary, Bratton, Shelly, additional, Fitzpatrick, Kaitlin, additional, Ravat, Fatima, additional, Del Castillo, Lisetta, additional, McIntosh, Kelsy J, additional, Jarvis, Dennis, additional, Carnevale, Caroline R, additional, Cassell, Cynthia H, additional, Chhea, Chhorvann, additional, Prieto Alvarado, Franklyn, additional, MaCauley, Jane, additional, Jani, Ilesh, additional, Ilori, Elsie, additional, Nsanzimana, Sabin, additional, Mukonka, Victor M, additional, and Baggett, Henry C, additional

Published
2022
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27. Whole-Genome Sequencing Reveals Recent Transmission of Multidrug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis CAS1-Kili Strains in Lusaka, Zambia

Author

Chizimu, Joseph Yamweka, primary, Solo, Eddie Samuneti, additional, Bwalya, Precious, additional, Tanomsridachchai, Wimonrat, additional, Chambaro, Herman, additional, Shawa, Misheck, additional, Kapalamula, Thoko Flav, additional, Lungu, Patrick, additional, Fukushima, Yukari, additional, Mukonka, Victor, additional, Thapa, Jeewan, additional, Nakajima, Chie, additional, and Suzuki, Yasuhiko, additional

Published
2021
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28. Serologic and molecular evidence for circulation of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in ticks and cattle in Zambia

Author

Kajihara, Masahiro, primary, Simuunza, Martin, additional, Saasa, Ngonda, additional, Dautu, George, additional, Mori-Kajihara, Akina, additional, Qiu, Yongjin, additional, Nakao, Ryo, additional, Eto, Yoshiki, additional, Furumoto, Hayato, additional, Hang’ombe, Bernard M., additional, Orba, Yasuko, additional, Sawa, Hirofumi, additional, Simulundu, Edgar, additional, Fukushi, Shuetsu, additional, Morikawa, Shigeru, additional, Saijo, Masayuki, additional, Arikawa, Jiro, additional, Kabilika, Swithine, additional, Monze, Mwaka, additional, Mukonka, Victor, additional, Mweene, Aaron, additional, Takada, Ayato, additional, and Yoshimatsu, Kumiko, additional

Published
2021
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29. First report of Mycobacterium bovis in wild chacma baboons ( Papio ursinus ) at the human–wildlife interface area in Zambia

Author

Squarre, David, primary, Chizimu, Joseph, additional, Nakajima, Chie, additional, Muma, John B., additional, Hang’ombe, Bernard M., additional, Simulundu, Edgar, additional, Mwasinga, Wizaso, additional, Katampi, Jackson, additional, Fandamu, Paul, additional, Mukonka, Victor, additional, Suzuki, Yasuhiko, additional, Sawa, Hirofumi, additional, Munang’andu, Hetron M., additional, Shanungu, Griffin, additional, Chambaro, Herman M., additional, and Munyeme, Musso, additional

Published
2021
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30. Additional file 1 of Three transmission events of Vibrio cholerae O1 into Lusaka, Zambia

Author

Mwaba, John, Debes, Amanda K., Murt, Kelsey N., Shea, Patrick, Simuyandi, Michelo, Laban, Natasha, Kazimbaya, Katayi, Chisenga, Caroline, Li, Shan, Almeida, Mathieu, Meisel, Jacquelyn S., Shibemba, Aaron, Kantenga, Timothy, Mukonka, Victor, Kwenda, Geoffrey, Sack, David A., Chilengi, Roma, and Stine, O. Colin

Abstract

Additional file 1 Supplemental Figure 1: Unrooted Phylogram of the Genetic Relatedness of Isolates from Zambia, East Africa and Asia.

Published
2021
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31. Serologic and molecular evidence for circulation of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in ticks and cattle in Zambia

Author

Kajihara, Masahiro, Simuunza, Martin, Saasa, Ngonda, Dautu, George, Mori-Kajihara, Akina, Qiu, Yongjin, Nakao, Ryo, Eto, Yoshiki, Furumoto, Hayato, Hang'ombe, Bernard M., Orba, Yasuko, Sawa, Hirofumi, Simulundu, Edgar, Fukushi, Shuetsu, Morikawa, Shigeru, Saijo, Masayuki, Arikawa, Jiro, Kabilika, Swithine, Monze, Mwaka, Mukonka, Victor, Mweene, Aaron, Takada, Ayato, Yoshimatsu, Kumiko, Kajihara, Masahiro, Simuunza, Martin, Saasa, Ngonda, Dautu, George, Mori-Kajihara, Akina, Qiu, Yongjin, Nakao, Ryo, Eto, Yoshiki, Furumoto, Hayato, Hang'ombe, Bernard M., Orba, Yasuko, Sawa, Hirofumi, Simulundu, Edgar, Fukushi, Shuetsu, Morikawa, Shigeru, Saijo, Masayuki, Arikawa, Jiro, Kabilika, Swithine, Monze, Mwaka, Mukonka, Victor, Mweene, Aaron, Takada, Ayato, and Yoshimatsu, Kumiko

Abstract

Author summary Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a severe viral disease mainly transmitted by ticks. Effective prophylactics and therapeutics have not been established for this disease yet. While CCHF is endemic in Africa, information on the distribution and genetic diversity of CCHF virus (CCHFV) is quite limited in many Sub-Saharan African countries. In this study, we conducted serologic and molecular epidemiologic investigations for CCHFV infection in cattle and ticks in Zambia. Serologic screening revealed that 8.4% of cattle were tested positive for CCHFV-specific IgG. Hyalomma ticks infected with CCHFV were also identified by genetic screening. Phylogenetic analyses showed that one of the CCHFVs detected in Zambia was a genetic reassortant between African and Asian CCHFV strains. Currently, Zambia is considered CCHF-free country because CCHF cases have never been reported. However, the findings in this study indicate that CCHFV is maintained in Hyalomma ticks and occasionally transmitted to vertebrate hosts such as cattle in Zambia. Further epidemiologic studies and continuous monitoring of CCHFV infection should be implemented in the southern African region. Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne zoonosis with a high case fatality rate in humans. Although the disease is widely found in Africa, Europe, and Asia, the distribution and genetic diversity of CCHF virus (CCHFV) are poorly understood in African countries. To assess the risks of CCHF in Zambia, where CCHF has never been reported, epidemiologic studies in cattle and ticks were conducted. Through an indirect immunofluorescence assay, CCHFV nucleoprotein-specific serum IgG was detected in 8.4% (88/1,047) of cattle. Among 290 Hyalomma ticks, the principal vector of CCHFV, the viral genome was detected in 11 ticks. Phylogenetic analyses of the CCHFV S and M genome segments revealed that one of the detected viruses was a genetic reassortant between African and Asian strains. This stu

Published
2021

32. Detection of B.1.351 SARS-CoV-2 Variant Strain--Zambia, December 2020

Author

Mwenda, Mulenga, Saasa, Ngonda, Sinyange, Nyambe, Busby, George, Chipimo, Peter J., Hendry, Jason, Kapona, Otridah, Yingst, Samuel, Hines, Jonas Z., Minchella, Peter, Simulundu, Edgar, Changula, Katendi, Nalubamba, King Shimumbo, Sawa, Hirofumi, Kajihara, Masahiro, Yamagishi, Junya, Kapin'a, Muzala, Kapata, Nathan, Fwoloshi, Sombo, Zulu, Paul, Mulenga, Lloyd B., Agolory, Simon, Mukonka, Victor, and Bridges, Daniel J.

Subjects
Genomics -- Health aspects -- Reports, Coronaviruses -- Reports -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

On February 17, 2021, this report was posted as an MMWR Early Release on the MMWR website (https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr). The first laboratory-confirmed cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the illness caused [...]

Published
2021

33. Nosocomial outbreak of novel arenavirus infection, Southern Africa

Author

Paweska, Janusz T., Sewlall, Nivesh H., Ksiazek, Thomas G., Blumberg, Lucille H., Hale, Martin J., Lipkin, W. Ian, Weyer, Jacqueline, Nichol, Stuart T., Rollin, Pierre E., McMullan, Laura K., Paddock, Christopher D., Briese, Thomas, Mnyaluza, Joy, Dinh, Thu-Ha, Mukonka, Victor, Ching, Pamela, Duse, Adriano, Richards, Guy, de Jong, Gillian, Cohen, Cheryl, Ikalafeng, Bridget, Mugero, Charles, Asomugha, Chika, Malotle, Mirriam M., Nteo, Dorothy M., Misiani, Eunice, Swanepoel, Robert, and Zaki, Sherif R.

Subjects
Company distribution practices, Disease transmission -- Health aspects, Disease transmission -- Control, Disease transmission -- Research, Prevalence studies (Epidemiology) -- Usage, Prevalence studies (Epidemiology) -- Methods, Arenavirus diseases -- Risk factors, Arenavirus diseases -- Distribution, Arenavirus diseases -- Prevention, Arenavirus diseases -- Research
Abstract

Arenaviruses associated with rodents are known to cause fatal hemorrhagic fevers in humans in South America and West Africa. We describe a nosocomial outbreak of infection with a novel arenavirus [...]

Published
2009
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34. First report of Mycobacterium bovis in wild chacma baboons (Papio ursinus) at the human-wildlife interface area in Zambia.

Author

Squarre, David, Chizimu, Joseph, Nakajima, Chie, Muma, John B., Hang'ombe, Bernard M., Simulundu, Edgar, Mwasinga, Wizaso, Katampi, Jackson, Fandamu, Paul, Mukonka, Victor, Yasuhiko Suzuki, Hirofumi Sawa, Munang'andu, Hetron M., Shanungu, Griffin, Chambaro, Herman M., and Munyeme, Musso

Subjects
MYCOBACTERIUM bovis, MYCOBACTERIUM tuberculosis, WATERSHEDS, BABOONS, PRIMATES, MYCOBACTERIUM, MYCOBACTERIA, RUMINANTS
Abstract

Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) causes tuberculosis in mammals and is a major public health threat worldwide. While M. bovis has been reported in humans, domestic and wild ruminants at the human-wildlife-livestock interface area in Zambia, there is paucity of information on the role of primates as reservoir hosts. We screened seven wild chacma baboons (Papio ursinus) for tuberculosis at the human-wildlife interface area in Lochinvar National Park in the Kafue Flats, Zambia. Following necropsy, lung tissue and associated lymph nodes with tuberculous-like lesions collected from four adult male baboons were prepared for Mycobacterium culture. The isolates were initially typed using the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex-discrimination multiplex PCR assay and further characterized by spoligotyping and 26-loci MIRU-VNTR. Mycobacteria were isolated from all four animals and identified as M. bovis by PCR. On Spoligotyping, all isolates belonged to SB 0120 spoligotype, which is similar to what was previously reported in humans, cattle and Kafue lechwe antelopes in Kafue Flats ecosystem. Furthermore, on MIRU-VNTR typing, the baboon isolates clustered with cattle and Kafue lechwe isolates from the same catchment area. This finding intimates probable cross-species transmission of M. bovis in the Kafue Flats ecosystem. Due to the close interaction of baboons and humans at interface areas in Zambia, our results have potential implications for public health. Equally, this finding raises concerns for conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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35. Prevalence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Among Healthcare Workers—Zambia, July 2020

Author

Fwoloshi, Sombo, primary, Hines, Jonas Z, additional, Barradas, Danielle T, additional, Yingst, Samuel, additional, Siwingwa, Mpanji, additional, Chirwa, Lameck, additional, Zulu, James E, additional, Banda, Dabwitso, additional, Wolkon, Adam, additional, Nikoi, Kotey I, additional, Chirwa, Bob, additional, Kampamba, Davies, additional, Shibemba, Aaron, additional, Sivile, Suilanji, additional, Zyambo, Khozya D, additional, Chanda, Duncan, additional, Mupeta, Francis, additional, Kapina, Muzala, additional, Sinyange, Nyambe, additional, Kapata, Nathan, additional, Zulu, Paul M, additional, Makupe, Alex, additional, Mweemba, Aggrey, additional, Mbewe, Nyuma, additional, Ziko, Luunga, additional, Mukonka, Victor, additional, Mulenga, Lloyd B, additional, Malama, Kennedy, additional, and Agolory, Simon, additional

Published
2021
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38. Risk Factors for Epidemic Cholera in Lusaka, Zambia—2017

Author

Nanzaluka, Francis H., primary, Davis, William W., additional, Mutale, Lwito, additional, Kapaya, Fred, additional, Sakubita, Patrick, additional, Langa, Nelia, additional, Gama, Angela, additional, N’cho, Hammad S., additional, Malambo, Warren, additional, Murphy, Jennifer, additional, Blackstock, Anna, additional, Mintz, Eric, additional, Riggs, Margaret, additional, Mukonka, Victor, additional, Sinyange, Nyambe, additional, Yard, Ellen, additional, and Brunkard, Joan, additional

Published
2020
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40. Is Africa prepared for tackling the COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) epidemic. Lessons from past outbreaks, ongoing pan-African public health efforts, and implications for the future

Author

Kapata, Nathan, primary, Ihekweazu, Chikwe, additional, Ntoumi, Francine, additional, Raji, Tajudeen, additional, Chanda-Kapata, Pascalina, additional, Mwaba, Peter, additional, Mukonka, Victor, additional, Bates, Matthew, additional, Tembo, John, additional, Corman, Victor, additional, Mfinanga, Sayoki, additional, Asogun, Danny, additional, Elton, Linzy, additional, Arruda, Liã Bárbara, additional, Thomason, Margaret J., additional, Mboera, Leonard, additional, Yavlinsky, Alexei, additional, Haider, Najmul, additional, Simons, David, additional, Hollmann, Lara, additional, Lule, Swaib A., additional, Veas, Francisco, additional, Abdel Hamid, Muzamil Mahdi, additional, Dar, Osman, additional, Edwards, Sarah, additional, Vairo, Francesco, additional, McHugh, Timothy D., additional, Drosten, Christian, additional, Kock, Richard, additional, Ippolito, Giuseppe, additional, and Zumla, Alimuddin, additional

Published
2020
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41. Risk and Protective Factors for Cholera Deaths during an Urban Outbreak—Lusaka, Zambia, 2017–2018

Author

Mutale, Lwito Salifya, primary, Winstead, Alison V., additional, Sakubita, Patrick, additional, Kapaya, Fred, additional, Nyimbili, Sulani, additional, Mulambya, Nelia L., additional, Nanzaluka, Francis H., additional, Gama, Angela, additional, Mwale, Vivian, additional, Kim, Sunkyung, additional, Ngosa, William, additional, Yard, Ellen, additional, Sinyange, Nyambe, additional, Mintz, Eric, additional, Brunkard, Joan, additional, and Mukonka, Victor, additional

Published
2020
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42. Zambia field epidemiology training program: strengthening health security through workforce development

Author

Kumar, Ramya, primary, Kateule, Ernest, additional, Sinyange, Nyambe, additional, Malambo, Warren, additional, Kayeye, Shadrick, additional, Chizema, Elizabeth, additional, Chongwe, Gershom, additional, Minor, Patrick, additional, Kapina, Muzala, additional, Baggett, Henry C, additional, Yard, Ellen, additional, and Mukonka, Victor, additional

Published
2020
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43. Marburgvirus in Egyptian Fruit Bats, Zambia

Author

1000070711894, Kajihara, Masahiro, Hang'ombe, Bernard M., Changula, Katendi, Harima, Hayato, Isono, Mao, Okuya, Kosuke, 1000080435966, Yoshida, Reiko, Mori-Kajihara, Akina, Eto, Yoshiki, 1000060507169, Orba, Yasuko, Ogawa, Hirohito, Qiu, Yongjin, 1000030292006, Sawa, Hirofumi, Simulundu, Edgar, Mwizabi, Daniel, Munyeme, Musso, Squarre, David, Mukonka, Victor, Mweene, Aaron, 1000010292062, Takada, Ayato, 1000070711894, Kajihara, Masahiro, Hang'ombe, Bernard M., Changula, Katendi, Harima, Hayato, Isono, Mao, Okuya, Kosuke, 1000080435966, Yoshida, Reiko, Mori-Kajihara, Akina, Eto, Yoshiki, 1000060507169, Orba, Yasuko, Ogawa, Hirohito, Qiu, Yongjin, 1000030292006, Sawa, Hirofumi, Simulundu, Edgar, Mwizabi, Daniel, Munyeme, Musso, Squarre, David, Mukonka, Victor, Mweene, Aaron, 1000010292062, and Takada, Ayato

Abstract

We detected Marburg virus genome in Egyptian fruit bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus) captured in Zambia in September 2018. The virus was closely related phylogenetically to the viruses that previously caused Marburg outbreaks in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. This finding demonstrates that Zambia is at risk for Marburg virus disease.

Published
2019

44. Operational scale entomological intervention for malaria control: strategies, achievements and challenges in Zambia

Author

Chanda Emmanuel, Mukonka Victor M, Kamuliwo Mulakwa, Macdonald Michael B, and Haque Ubydul

Subjects
Malaria vector control, Integrated vector management, Policy and strategy, Community involvement, Private sector engagement, Monitoring and evaluation, Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, RC955-962, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Abstract Background While consensus on malaria vector control policy and strategy has stimulated unprecedented political-will, backed by international funding organizations and donors, vector control interventions are expansively being implemented based on assumptions with unequaled successes. This manuscript reports on the strategies, achievements and challenges of the past and contemporary malaria vector control efforts in Zambia. Case description All available information and accessible archived documentary records on malaria vector control in Zambia were reviewed. Retrospective analysis of routine surveillance data from the Health Management Information System (HMIS), data from population-based household surveys and various operations research reports was conducted to assess the status in implementing policies and strategies. Discussion and evaluation Empirical evidence is critical for informing policy decisions and tailoring interventions to local settings. Thus, the World Health Organization (WHO) encourages the adoption of the integrated vector management (IVM) strategy which is a rational decision making process for optimal use of available resources. One of the key features of IVM is capacity building at the operational level to plan, implement, monitor and evaluate vector control and its epidemiological and entomological impact. In Zambia, great progress has been made in implementing WHO-recommended vector control policies and strategies within the context of the IVM Global Strategic framework with strong adherence to its five key attributes. Conclusions The country has solid, consistent and coordinated policies, strategies and guidelines for malaria vector control. The Zambian experience demonstrates the significance of a coordinated multi-pronged IVM approach effectively operationalized within the context of a national health system.

Published
2013
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45. Delayed second dose of oral cholera vaccine administered before high-risk period for cholera transmission: Cholera control strategy in Lusaka, 2016

Author

Ferreras, Eva, primary, Matapo, Belem, additional, Chizema-Kawesha, Elizabeth, additional, Chewe, Orbrie, additional, Mzyece, Hannah, additional, Blake, Alexandre, additional, Moonde, Loveness, additional, Zulu, Gideon, additional, Poncin, Marc, additional, Sinyange, Nyambe, additional, Kasese-Chanda, Nancy, additional, Phiri, Caroline, additional, Malama, Kennedy, additional, Mukonka, Victor, additional, Cohuet, Sandra, additional, Uzzeni, Florent, additional, Ciglenecki, Iza, additional, Danovaro-Holliday, M. Carolina, additional, Luquero, Francisco J., additional, and Pezzoli, Lorenzo, additional

Published
2019
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46. Monkeypox — Enhancing public health preparedness for an emerging lethal human zoonotic epidemic threat in the wake of the smallpox post-eradication era

Author

Petersen, Eskild, primary, Abubakar, Ibrahim, additional, Ihekweazu, Chikwe, additional, Heymann, David, additional, Ntoumi, Francine, additional, Blumberg, Lucille, additional, Asogun, Danny, additional, Mukonka, Victor, additional, Lule, Swaib Abubaker, additional, Bates, Matthew, additional, Honeyborne, Isobella, additional, Mfinanga, Sayoki, additional, Mwaba, Peter, additional, Dar, Osman, additional, Vairo, Francesco, additional, Mukhtar, Maowia, additional, Kock, Richard, additional, McHugh, Timothy D., additional, Ippolito, Giuseppe, additional, and Zumla, Alimuddin, additional

Published
2019
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47. Geographical patterns and predictors of malaria risk in Zambia: Bayesian geostatistical modelling of the 2006 Zambia national malaria indicator survey (ZMIS)

Author

Chizema-Kawesha Elizabeth, Gosoniu Laura, Miller John M, Vounatsou Penelope, Riedel Nadine, Mukonka Victor, and Steketee Rick W

Subjects
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, RC955-962, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Abstract Background The Zambia Malaria Indicator Survey (ZMIS) of 2006 was the first nation-wide malaria survey, which combined parasitological data with other malaria indicators such as net use, indoor residual spraying and household related aspects. The survey was carried out by the Zambian Ministry of Health and partners with the objective of estimating the coverage of interventions and malaria related burden in children less than five years. In this study, the ZMIS data were analysed in order (i) to estimate an empirical high-resolution parasitological risk map in the country and (ii) to assess the relation between malaria interventions and parasitaemia risk after adjusting for environmental and socio-economic confounders. Methods The parasitological risk was predicted from Bayesian geostatistical and spatially independent models relating parasitaemia risk and environmental/climatic predictors of malaria. A number of models were fitted to capture the (potential) non-linearity in the malaria-environment relation and to identify the elapsing time between environmental effects and parasitaemia risk. These models included covariates (a) in categorical scales and (b) in penalized and basis splines terms. Different model validation methods were used to identify the best fitting model. Model-based risk predictions at unobserved locations were obtained via Bayesian predictive distributions for the best fitting model. Results Model validation indicated that linear environmental predictors were able to fit the data as well as or even better than more complex non-linear terms and that the data do not support spatial dependence. Overall the averaged population-adjusted parasitaemia risk was 20.0% in children less than five years with the highest risk predicted in the northern (38.3%) province. The odds of parasitaemia in children living in a household with at least one bed net decreases by 40% (CI: 12%, 61%) compared to those without bed nets. Conclusions The map of parasitaemia risk together with the prediction error and the population at risk give an important overview of the malaria situation in Zambia. These maps can assist to achieve better resource allocation, health management and to target additional interventions to reduce the burden of malaria in Zambia significantly. Repeated surveys will enable the evaluation of the effectiveness of on-going interventions.

Published
2010
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48. Marburgvirus in Egyptian Fruit Bats, Zambia.

Author

Masahiro Kajihara, Hang'ombe, Bernard M., Katendi Changula, Hayato Harima, Mao Isono, Kosuke Okuya, Reiko Yoshida, Akina Mori-Kajihara, Yoshiki Eto, Yasuko Orba, Hirohito Ogawa, Yongjin Qiu, Hirofumi Sawa, Edgar Simulundu, Mwizabi, Daniel, Musso Munyeme, Squarre, David, Mukonka, Victor, Aaron Mweene, and Ayato Takada

Subjects
MARBURG virus, VIRUS diseases, BATS, FRUIT, VIRUSES
Abstract

We detected Marburg virus genome in Egyptian fruit bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus) captured in Zambia in September 2018. The virus was closely related phylogenetically to the viruses that previously caused Marburg outbreaks in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. This finding demonstrates that Zambia is at risk for Marburg virus disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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49. An Overview of the Malaria Control Programme in Zambia

Author

Chanda, Emmanuel, Kamuliwo, Mulakwa, Steketee, Richard W., Macdonald, Michael B., Babaniyi, Olusegun, and Mukonka, Victor M.

Subjects
Article Subject, parasitic diseases
Abstract

The Zambian national malaria control programme has made great progress in the fight against Malaria. The country has solid, consistent, and coordinated policies, strategies, and guidelines for malaria control, with government prioritizing malaria in both the National Health Strategic Plan and the National Development Plan. This has translated into high coverage of proven and effective key preventive, curative, and supportive interventions with concomitant marked reduction in both malaria cases and deaths. The achievements attained can be attributed to increased advocacy, communication and behaviour changes, efficient partnership coordination including strong community engagement, increased financial resources, and evidence-based deployment of key technical interventions in accordance with the national malaria control programme policy and strategic direction. The three-ones strategy has been key for increased and successful public-private sector partner coordination, strengthening, and mobilization. However, maintaining the momentum and the gains is critical as the programme strives to achieve universal coverage of evidence-based and proven interventions. The malaria control programme’s focus is to maintain the accomplishments, by mobilizing more resources and partners, increasing the government funding towards malaria control, scaling up and directing interventions based on epidemiological evidence, and strengthen active malaria surveillance and response to reduce transmission and to begin considering elimination.

Published
2013
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50. Using a Geographical-Information-System-Based Decision Support to Enhance Malaria Vector Control in Zambia

Author

Chanda, Emmanuel, Mukonka, Victor Munyongwe, Mthembu, David, Kamuliwo, Mulakwa, Coetzer, Sarel, and Shinondo, Cecilia Jill

Subjects
Article Subject
Abstract

Geographic information systems (GISs) with emerging technologies are being harnessed for studying spatial patterns in vector-borne diseases to reduce transmission. To implement effective vector control, increased knowledge on interactions of epidemiological and entomological malaria transmission determinants in the assessment of impact of interventions is critical. This requires availability of relevant spatial and attribute data to support malaria surveillance, monitoring, and evaluation. Monitoring the impact of vector control through a GIS-based decision support (DSS) has revealed spatial relative change in prevalence of infection and vector susceptibility to insecticides and has enabled measurement of spatial heterogeneity of trend or impact. The revealed trends and interrelationships have allowed the identification of areas with reduced parasitaemia and increased insecticide resistance thus demonstrating the impact of resistance on vector control. The GIS-based DSS provides opportunity for rational policy formulation and cost-effective utilization of limited resources for enhanced malaria vector control.

Published
2012
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