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One way to help alleviate poverty according to Islamic law is to grow zakat, so researchers are interested in researching the role of LAZ DASI NTB in improving the welfare of the people of Mataram City, to find out the role of LAZ DASI NTB in improving the welfare of the people of Mataram City, this study uses a qualitative research method, As for the results of this research, LAZ DASI NTB has carried out and worked on its role well, by carrying out various programs, namely: Active Role, LAZ DASI NTB assists with livable houses, water, and drilled wells. In the participatory role, LAZ DASI NTB collaborates with the city government, the passive role, LAZ DASI NTB conducts socialization. So, from the above role it has a positive influence where the welfare of the people of Mataram City increases with poverty decreasing.

The objectives of this research are to find out whether the use of direct interview type improves the students’ speaking skill and the strengths and weaknesses of direct interview type. The method used in the research is collaborative classroom action research. This research consisted of two cycles in which there were four steps in each cycle, namely planning, implementing, observation, and reflection. The researcher collected qualitative data of speaking test and qualitative data of classroom situation, field note, photograph, interview, and questionnaires. The results are (1) the students’ speaking skill improved the improvement of speaking score (2) direct interview type established good communication activity between the teacher and the students and improved classroom management.

The learning process is inseparable from the educational values that occurs during the learning and teaching activities taking place, and also in the learning process of Jonggan Dayak Kanayatn Dance. This study examined the educational value in the learning process of Jonggan Dayak Kanayatn Dance in elementary schools. This research used qualitative method and educational approach. Data collection used observation, interview and document study technique. Data analysis procedures used data reduction, data presentation and data verification. Analysis of the educational value in the learning process of Jonggan Dayak Kanayatn Dance used Rosyadi and Hasbullah Analysis. The validity of the data in this study used triangulation of data sources. The results of the study were: 1). Religious Value; 2). Discipline Value; 3). Responsibility Value; 4). Independence Value; 5). Tolerance Value and Hard Work Value. Specifically, the findings in the Jonggan Dayak Kanayatn Dance learning process, there was an educational value that is reflected in the Jonggan Dayak Kanayatn Dance learning process in Elementary Schools. The benefits of the results of this study can be used as a reference in dance learning in particular and in learning other arts in general.

This research aims to (1) Create a PLC-based object sorting automation system and (2) Create a system-controlled sorting of objects sort automation. The research methods of this research consist in phases (1) Identification problems, (2) designing, (3) development (4) trials. Based on the research the system has been implemented can detect objects by utilizing the IR Proximity sensor with a distance of 30 mm – 800 mm and can be adjusted as needed. This system used IR Proximity reading range 50 mm. IR Proximity sensors are also used to detect the height level of an object and calculate a sorted object. This object sorting system is controlled using PLC. Programs for object sorting systems can be created with the Leadder Diagram, ST, and FBD language programs. For PLC and PC communication using LAN cable.

This study is aimed at developing ( ESP ) English for Specific Purposes Instructional Material for Islamic Department Students . In this case, the product is English for Specific Purposes Instructional Material in teaching English. To support in this study, the appropriate design that the analyst connected research and development ( R & D ). The result of need assessment consists 1) the college need ESP Instructional Material, 2) the students need toward ESP Instructional Material, 3) the Islamic graduates about English at Islamic department, 4) the curriculum maker interview. After that the material mapping to develop the first draft of the material, then gave the product to the expert validation, after revised the result of the tryout of the material, the researcher revised of the product and got the final. The final product consists of the good over, the material by using with the principles of Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) and communicative approach which full activities of reading and speaking to improve the learners’ skill also the essential phrases for use the situation in real-life.

The implementation of information and communication technology (ICT) curriculum at elementary school is the educational sector development. ICT subject is a practical subject which requires a direct practice to make easier in elementary student understanding the material. Founding many problems in understanding their English material especially reading comprehension a teacher is demanded to make a learning media which helps the student to understand the material of study. This research is aimed at describing the model of ICT in elementary school and using of learning media. Moreover, the description can be bocome one of the basic from the development of interactive study model base on student self learning. Designing material for elementary student and giving media learning can motivate them in teaching learning English better. Concerning these problems, a set of suitable instructional elementary student material and media learning for elementary student. Besides, the arranging of this study model is hoped to make habitual and self-learning.

This article describes the role of kinesthetic in motor learning. It starts with a definition that kinesthetic is Generally regarded as "a feeling or awareness" of body position and body movement. But there are four factors are seemingly quite common in definitions of kinesthetic: positioning of body segments, precision of movement, balance, and spatial orientation. Any Appropriate reference explaining the reception and transmission of kinesthetic information during movement has not yet been determined to the satisfaction of all Reviews those working in this area. Traditionally, it has been assumed that the proprioceptor in the muscles represents the source of kinesthetic. The possibility of improving the capability of the kinesthetic organs of sense has been a subject of considerable interest in discussions among instructors of physical education. But there is, as yet, no convincing evidence that kinesthetic can be improved. It is Generally stated, though, that the more one practices in repeating A Certain movement, the more skillful one Becomes in making that movement. One can feel, however, that "feeling" and "balance", as the main elements of kinesthetic, can be improved through practice Increased frequency and or creation of a conducive condition

Phytoremediation is an environment-friendly and cost-effective method to clean the environment of heavy metal contamination. A prolonged phytotoxicity test was conducted in a single exposure. Scirpus grossus plants were grown in sand to which the diluted Pb(NO3)2 was added, with the variation of concentration were 0, 100, 200, 400, 600, and 800 mg/L. It was found that Scirpus grossus plants can tolerate Pb at concentrations of up to 400 mg/L. The withering was observed on day-7 for Pb concentrations of 400 mg/L and above. 100% of the plants withered with a Pb concentration of 600 mg/L on day 65. The Pb concentration in water medium decreased while in plant tissues increased. Adsorption of Pb solution ranged between 2 to 6% for concentrations of 100 to 800 mg/L. The Bioaccumulation Coefficient and Translocation Factor of Scirpus grossus were found greater than 1, indicating that this species is a hyperaccumulator plant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electrical capacitance volume tomography (ECVT) is a recently-developed technique for real-time, non-invasive 3-D monitoring of processes involving materials with strong contrasts in dielectric permittivity. This paper is the first application of the method to visualization of water flow in soil. We describe the principles behind the method, and then demonstrate its use with a simple laboratory infiltration experiment. 32 ECVT sensors were installed on the sides of an empty PVC column. Water was poured into the column at a constant rate, and ECVT data were collected every second. The column was then packed with dry sand and again supplied with water at a constant rate with data collected every second. Data were analyzed to give bulk average water contents, which proved consistent with the water supply rates. Data were also analyzed to give 3-D images (216 voxels) allowing visualization of the water distribution during the experiments. For infiltration into the soil, wall flow, progress of the unstable wetting front, and the final water distribution showing air pockets are clearly visible. Result of this study showed that the normalized dielectric permittivity distribution of the water and the saturated soil is 1.0 and around 0.9, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The implementation of information and communication technology (ICT) curriculum at elementary school is the educational sector development. ICT subject is a practical subject which requires a direct practice to make easier in elementary student understanding the material. Founding many problems in understanding their English material especially reading comprehension a teacher is demanded to make a learning media which helps the student to understand the material of study. This research is aimed at describing the model of ICT in elementary school and using of learning media. Moreover, the description can be bocome one of the basic from the development of interactive study model base on student self learning. Designing material for elementary student and giving media learning can motivate them in teaching learning English better. Concerning these problems, a set of suitable instructional elementary student material and media learning for elementary student. Besides, the arranging of this study model is hoped to make habitual and self-learning

Phytoremediation is one of the green technologies that is friendly to nature, utilizes fewer chemicals, and exhibits good performance. In this study, phytoremediation was used to treat diesel-contaminated sand using a local aquatic plant species, Scirpus mucronatus, by analyzing the amount of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs). Optimization of diesel removal was performed according to Response Surface Methodology (RSM) using Box-Behnken Design (BBD) under pilot-scale conditions. The quadratic model showed the best fit to describe the obtained data. Actual vs. predicted values from BBD showed a total of 9.1 % error for the concentration of TPH in sand and 0 % error for the concentration of TPH in plants. Maximum TPH removal of 42.3 ± 2.1 % was obtained under optimized conditions at a diesel initial concentration of 50 mg/kg, an aeration rate of 0.48 L/min, and a retention time of 72 days. The addition of two species of rhizobacteria (Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis) at optimum conditions increased the TPH removal to 51.9 ± 2.6 %. The obtained model and optimum condition can be adopted to treat diesel-contaminated sand within the same TPH range (50-3000 mg/kg) in sand., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2023 Published by Elsevier Ltd.)

Lead (Pb) is one of the toxic heavy metals that pollute the environment as a result of industrial activities. This study aims to optimize Pb removal from water by using horizontal free surface flow constructed wetland (HFSFCW) planted with Scirpus grossus. Optimization was conducted using response surface methodology (RSM) under Box-Behnken design with the operational parameters of initial Pb concentration, retention time, and aeration. Optimization results showed that 37 mg/L of initial Pb concentration, 32 days of retention time, and no aeration were the optimum conditions for Pb removal by using the systems. Validation test was run under two different conditions, namely, non-bioaugmented and bioaugmented with rhizobacteria (Bacillus cereus, B. pumilus, B. subtilis, Brevibacillus choshinensis, and Rhodococcus rhodochrous). Results of the validation test showed that Pb removal in water achieved 99.99% efficiency with 0.2% error from the RSM prediction, while the adsorption of Pb by plants reached 5160.18 mg/kg with 10.6% error from the RSM prediction. The bioaugmentation of the five rhizobacterial species showed a slight improvement in Pb removal from water and Pb adsorption by plants. However, no significant improvement was achieved (p < 0.05). Overall results suggested that operating the HFSFCW under optimum conditions with no bioaugmentation might be a feasible choice for the treatment of Pb-contaminated water., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Certain rhizobacteria can be applied to remove arsenic in the environment through bioremediation or phytoremediation. This study determines the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of arsenic on identified rhizobacteria that were isolated from the roots of Ludwigia octovalvis (Jacq.) Raven. The arsenic biosorption capability of the was also analyzed. Among the 10 isolated rhizobacteria, five were Gram-positive ( Arthrobacter globiformis , Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus pumilus , and Staphylococcus lentus ), and five were Gram-negative ( Enterobacter asburiae, Sphingomonas paucimobilis, Pantoea spp. , Rhizobium rhizogenes , and Rhizobium radiobacter ). R. radiobacter showed the highest MIC of >1,500 mg/L of arsenic. All the rhizobacteria were capable of absorbing arsenic, and S. paucimobilis showed the highest arsenic biosorption capability (146.4 ± 23.4 mg/g dry cell weight). Kinetic rate analysis showed that B. cereus followed the pore diffusion model ( R 2 = 0.86), E. asburiae followed the pseudo-first-order kinetic model ( R 2 = 0.99), and R. rhizogenes followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model ( R 2 = 0.93). The identified rhizobacteria differ in their mechanism of arsenic biosorption, arsenic biosorption capability, and kinetic models in arsenic biosorption.

Water level forecasting is an essential topic in water management affecting reservoir operations and decision making. Recently, modern methods utilizing artificial intelligence, fuzzy logic, and combinations of these techniques have been used in hydrological applications because of their considerable ability to map an input-output pattern without requiring prior knowledge of the criteria influencing the forecasting procedure. The artificial neurofuzzy interface system (ANFIS) is one of the most accurate models used in water resource management. Because the membership functions (MFs) possess the characteristics of smoothness and mathematical components, each set of input data is able to yield the best result using a certain type of MF in the ANFIS models. The objective of this study is to define the different ANFIS model by applying different types of MFs for each type of input to forecast the water level in two case studies, the Klang Gates Dam and Rantau Panjang station on the Johor river in Malaysia, to compare the traditional ANFIS model with the new introduced one in two different situations, reservoir and stream, showing the new approach outweigh rather than the traditional one in both case studies. This objective is accomplished by evaluating the model fitness and performance in daily forecasting.

Soil-water characteristic curves (SWCCs) are important in terms of groundwater recharge, agriculture, and soil chemistry. These relationships are also of considerable value in geotechnical and geoenvironmental engineering. Their measurement, however, is difficult, expensive, and time-consuming. Many empirical models have been developed to describe the SWCC. Statistical assessment of soil-water characteristic curve models found that exponential-based model equations were the most difficult to fit and generally provided the poorest fit to the soil-water characteristic data. In this paper, an exponential-based model is devised to describe the SWCC. The modified equation is similar to those previously reported by Gardner (1956) but includes exponential variable. Verification was performed with 24 independent data sets for a wide range of soil textures. Prediction results were compared with the most widely used models to assess the model's performance. It was proven that the exponential-based equation of the modified model provided greater flexibility and a better fit to data on various types of soil.

In recent years many models have been proposed for measuring soil water content (θ) based on the permittivity (ε) value. Permittivity is one of the properties used to determine θ in measurements using the electromagnetic method. This method is widely used due to quite substantial differences in values of ε for air, soil, and water, as it allows the θ value to be measured accurately. The performance of six proposed models with one parameter (i.e., permittivity) and five proposed models with two or more parameters (i.e., permittivity, porosity, and dry bulk density of soil) is discussed and evaluated. Secondary data obtained from previous studies are used for comparison to calibrate and evaluate the models. The results show that the models with one parameter proposed by Roth et al. (1992) and Topp et al. (1980) have the greatest R² data errors, while for the model with two parameters, the model proposed by Malicki et al. (1996) agrees very well with the data compared with other models.

Wilting, especially of the leaves, was observed as an initial symptom of arsenate [As(V)] to Ludwigia octovalvis (Jacq.) P. H. Raven. The plants tolerated As(V) levels of 39 mg kg⁻¹ for as long as 35 days of exposure. After 91 days, the maximum concentration of As uptake in the plant occurred at As(V) concentration of 65 mg kg⁻¹ while As concentration in the stems, roots and leaves were 6139.9 ± 829.5, 1284.5 ± 242.9 and 1126.1 ± 117.2 mg kg⁻¹, respectively. In conclusion, As(V) could cause toxic effects in L. octovalvis and the plants could uptake and accumulate As in plant tissues.

Phytoremediation is a technology to clean the environment from heavy metals contamination. The objectives of this study are to threat Pb contaminated wastewater by using phytoremediation technology and to determine if the plant can be mention as hyperaccumulator. Fifty plants of Scirpus grossus were grown in sand medium and 600 L spiked water in various Pb concentration (10, 30 and 50 mg/L) was exposed. The experiment was conducted with single exposure method, sampling time on day-1, day-14, day-28, day-42, day-70, and day-98. The analysis of Pb concentration in water, sand medium and inside the plant tissue was conducted by ICP-OES. Water samples were filtered and Pb concentration were directly analyzed, Pb in sand samples were extracted by EDTA method before analyzed, and Pb in plant tissues were extracted by wet digestion method and analyzed. The results showed that on day-28, Pb concentration in water decreased 100%, 99.9%, 99.7%, and the highest Pb uptake by plant were 1343, 4909, 3236 mg/kg for the treatment of 10, 30, and 50 mg/L respectively. The highest BC and TF were 485,261 on day-42 and 2.5295 on day-70 of treatment 30 mg/L, it can be mentioned that Scirpus grossus is a hyperaccumulator.