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The Madurai block, the largest crustal block in the Precambrian Southern Granulite Terrane of south India, preserves rare assemblages of high- to ultrahigh-temperature metamorphic rocks. These rocks bear exclusive evidence for the high thermal regime prevalent during their formation and can be constrained from accessory phases such as zircon, monazite and garnet. Here, we present the P-T-t evolutionary history of garnet-cordierite-spinel granulites from different localities in the Madurai block. Combined petrography, mineral reaction, geothermobarometry and pseudosection modelling of the samples record HT to near-UHT metamorphic conditions with clockwise P-T trajectories. LA-(MC)-ICPMS U-Pb/Hf isotopic studies on zircons point to Paleoproterozoic high-grade metamorphism in the area with juvenile magmatic signatures. LA-ICPMS/EPMA monazite dating constrains the timing of HT to near-UHT metamorphism at ~580 and ~550 Ma. The heat source required for the Paleoproterozoic high-T event is correlated with the synchronous igneous emplacements reported in the region, whereas the heat source responsible for the Neoproterozoic HT to near-UHT event can be related to the processes associated with crustal thickening and synchronous mafic emplacement. The clockwise P-T trajectories of these granulites are interpreted as the signature of collisional orogeny prevalent in the region during the final stages of Gondwana assembly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Patient safety is significant to improve the quality care in health-care organisations; hence, assessment of patient safety culture is the paramount need of the h. However, in middle- and low-income countries, the burden of patient safety is vital as the healthcare-related injuries and deaths are increasing, this is global health concern. The awareness of measuring patient safety culture needs to be improved in low- and middle-income countries and this can help in evaluating the culture and formulating interventions and also achieving the accreditation standards. National Accreditation Board for Hospitals (NABH) with a focus of patient safety has contributed largely in the quality of health care in Indian hospitals and witnessed progress and improvement. However, the challenges in a country like India are large and complex and need to be addressed systematically beyond the meeting accreditation standards. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the level of perception among the healthcare providers at a tertiary care hospital. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted using The Hospital Survey on Patient Safety culture (HSOPSC v−1) tool to assess the level of perception of patient safety culture among healthcare providers. The survey was conducted among 400 respondents of tertiary care hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka (India) through a structured, open- and close-ended questionnaire. Participants were selected through nonprobability random sampling. Collected data were analyzed through composite scores, Chi-square, and Man–Whitney U-test for test. Results: The present study showed a highest positive response in teamwork within the units and the least in nonpunitive response to error. The domain hands off and transitions which requires cooperation from other departments also showed low positive responses in many studies including the present study (41.13%). For the data analyzed above regarding the perception of patient safety culture dimensions among the healthcare professionals, it was seen that there was a statistically significant association (0.0026) between the two variables that perception and safety culture existing in the hospital. Conclusion: After comparing between experience and level of perception among healthcare providers, it was concluded that the Chi-square value is 0.04 which is statistically significant and there is a significant association between positions and level of perception. Therefore, our study indicates that there is a high need to develop strategies related to certain safety domains that urgently need improvement in this hospital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Geochemical and zircon U–Pb age data on granites of the Chitrial area, situated at the NE part of the Eastern Dharwar Craton, are presented to elucidate their petrogenesis, time(s) of emplacement, and role in crust formation. Based on field and geochemical characters, these granites are classified as alkali feldspar/monzo‐granite. Whole‐rock data of selected samples show evolved calc‐alkaline and peraluminous characters with high SiO2, K2O, large‐ion lithophile element, and light rare earth elements (LREE), depleted heavy rare earth elements (HREE) and strongly negative Eu anomaly. One sample shows slightly different character with low SiO2, enriched light rare earth elements, and depleted heavy rare earth elements without Eu anomaly. Geochemical analyses suggest that the rocks are S‐type granite with syn‐collisional and volcanic arc signatures. These granites define a coherent trend favouring low pressure crystallization of the magma. U–Pb zircon data show that the crystallization ages of the granites vary within 2514 ± 10 to 2525 ± 24 Ma. The geodynamic evolution of the Eastern Dharwar Craton is discussed wherein subduction and deep burial of sediment is envisaged to cause partial melting and granite genesis in the craton. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with the comparative study on the faunal components of two different Sacred Groves in Kolkata, viz. St. Paul's Cathedral Church and Park Street Cemetery. The study is based on six months observation as collection data. Out of 724 examples, 8 orders of class Insecta were identified of these, Orthoptera, Dictyoptera, Hemiptera, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Diptera, Lepidoptera and Odonata have been noticed from these two places. Species Richness is maximum at St. Paul's Cathedral Church than Park St. Cemetery. The diversity index shows that the diversity is at it's peak in the month of April and least in January. During the months of November, December, February and March species diversity is moderate. The most abundant species is Hymenoptera and least abundant species is Odonata. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Operating at low sweat rates, such as those experienced by humans at rest, is still an unmet need for state-of-the-art wearable sweat harvesting and testing devices for lactate. Here, we report the on-skin performance of a non-invasive wearable sweat sampling patch that can harvest sweat at rest, during exercise, and post-exercise. The patch simultaneously uses osmosis and evaporation for long-term (several hours) sampling of sweat. Osmotic sweat withdrawal is achieved by skin-interfacing a hydrogel containing a concentrated solute. The gel interfaces with a paper strip that transports the fluid via wicking and evaporation. Proof of concept results show that the patch was able to sample sweat during resting and post-exercise conditions, where the lactate concentration was successfully quantified. The patch detected the increase in sweat lactate levels during medium level exercise. Blood lactate remained invariant with exercise as expected. We also developed a continuous sensing version of the patch by including enzymatic electrochemical sensors. Such a battery-free, passive, wearable sweat sampling patch can potentially provide useful information about the human metabolic activity.