183 results on '"Mujunen, A."'
Search Results
2. Reproducibility of evoked and induced MEG responses to proprioceptive stimulation of the ankle joint
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Toni Mujunen, Santtu Seipäjärvi, Mila Nurminen, Tiina Parviainen, and Harri Piitulainen
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Magnetoencephalography ,Beta modulation ,Temporal spectral evolution ,Reliability ,Event-related synchronization ,Event-related desynchronization ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 - Abstract
Cortical processing of proprioceptive afference can be investigated by examining phase locked evoked and induced responses in cortical signals to passive movement stimuli. Reproducibility of evoked and induced responses has been studied using electroencephalography (EEG), but proprioceptive domain has received little attention. It is unclear whether evoked and induced responses to proprioceptive stimulation arising from the lower limbs are reproducible using magnetoencephalography (MEG).Nineteen healthy volunteers (18 right-foot dominant, 36.1 ± 6.6 yr, 7 females) were measured in two MEG sessions separated by 9 ± 5 days in which their right ankle was rotated intermittently using a pneumatic movement actuator (160 stimuli, 3000 ± 250 ms interstimulus interval) to elicit evoked fields and induced responses. The peak evoked field amplitude used in the final analysis was calculated from the gradiometer pair yielding the peak vector sum over vertex (i.e., the primary sensorimotor cortex for the lower limb). Peak induced response amplitudes were analyzed from the peak gradiometer demonstrating the most robust beta suppression and beta rebound. The between session reproducibility was estimated using intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC).Evoked field amplitudes, beta suppression and beta rebound amplitudes all demonstrated a large inter-individual variation but excellent between session reproducibility (ICC >0.81). Kinematics of the proprioceptive stimuli were stable and did not correlate with MEG response strengths.The results indicate that evoked and induced responses to proprioceptive stimuli from the lower limbs are reproducible and provide a valid tool for longitudinal experiments investigating the processing of proprioceptive afference in e.g., different clinical populations, but caution is advised when comparing individuals using these measures.
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- 2022
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3. On the Calibration of Full-polarization 86GHz Global VLBI Observations
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Marti-Vidal, I., Krichbaum, T. P., Marscher, A., Alef, W., Bertarini, A., Bach, U., Schinzel, F. K., Rottmann, H., Anderson, J. M., Zensus, J. A., Bremer, M., Sanchez, S., Lindqvist, M., and Mujunen, A.
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Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
We report the development of a semi-automatic pipeline for the calibration of 86 GHz full-polarization observations performed with the Global Millimeter-VLBI array (GMVA) and describe the calibration strategy followed in the data reduction. Our calibration pipeline involves non-standard procedures, since VLBI polarimetry at frequencies above 43 GHz is not yet well established. We also present, for the first time, a full-polarization global-VLBI image at 86 GHz (source 3C 345), as an example of the final product of our calibration pipeline, and discuss the effect of instrumental limitations on the fidelity of the polarization images. Our calibration strategy is not exclusive for the GMVA, and could be applied on other VLBI arrays at millimeter wavelengths. The use of this pipeline will allow GMVA observers to get fully-calibrated datasets shortly after the data correlation., Comment: 10 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
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- 2012
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4. Solar polarization observations at 3 and 13 mm
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Juha Kallunki, Merja Tornikoski, Petri Kirves, Erkki Oinaskallio, Juha Aatrokoski, Ari Mujunen, and Joni Tammi
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- 2020
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5. The use of the Long Baseline Array in Australia for precise geodesy and absolute astrometry
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Petrov, Leonid, Phillips, Chris, Bertarini, Alessandra, Deller, Adam, Pogrebenko, Sergei, and Mujunen, Ari
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Physics - Geophysics ,Physics - Space Physics - Abstract
We report the results of a successful 12 hour 22 GHz VLBI experiment using a heterogeneous network that includes radio telescopes of the Long Baseline Array (LBA) in Australia and several VLBI stations that regularly observe in geodetic VLBI campaigns. We have determined positions of three VLBI stations, ATCA-104, CEDUNA and MOPRA, with an accuracy of 4-30mm using a novel technique of data analysis. These stations have never before participated in geodetic experiments. We observed 105 radio sources, and amongst them 5 objects which have not previously been observed with VLBI. We have determined positions of these new sources with the accuracy of 2-5 mas. We make conclusion that the LBA network is capable of conducting absolute astrometry VLBI surveys with accuracy better than 5 mas., Comment: Published in Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia. 10 pages, 3 figures, 5 tables. Table 5 in a machine readable form is accessible in the source of this submission
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- 2008
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6. National Infrastructures Supporting Discoverability and Approachability of Research-Based Information – A Case from the Finna Services
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Peltonen, Riitta and Mujunen, Veera
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open access ,Parallel Session 3 – Find and Seek: building and preserving collections ,research-based information ,repositories - Abstract
In this presentation we provide a case example of how the National Library of Finland (NatLibFi), in collaboration with Finnish library network, use the Finna infrastructure to promote and make research-based information in Finnish OA publications more discoverable and approachable to researchers and students as well as the general public. Finna is a group of different services developed and maintained in the NatLibFi. The national search site Finna.fi combines all the content coming from over 450 Finnish libraries, archives, museum and publication repositories. Finna is also a platform service for content providers to build their collection search services or web libraries on. NatLibFi is responsible for the Finna platform development whereas the other organisations are responsible for providing the content. We present how we created a new contract model in order to include repositories from new types of organisations into the Finna index. The new model enabled inclusion of OA repositories of the Finnish state research institutes. This is an example of how NatLibFi as a node organisation needed to take up new responsibilities to enable progress. We elaborate how these publications are made available in both, the national Finna.fi portal and in the search services of other libraries. Most Finnish library websites are built on top of the Finna platform and one of the key features of Finna-based web libraries can add databases from the Finna index into their own search service. This enables making the publications available where the readers are, whether they are students, scholars or a wider audience. We discuss how Finna services and the network of libraries collaborated to make these publications more approachable to the general public. With approachability we mean that in addition to making the publications available and accessible, they are also presented in places and ways that make it easy for the audience to start exploring them. Marketing is also part of the process. This means taking up new responsibilities for all parties in the collaboration. When operating in this kind of networked environment of shared responsibilities, one major challenge is how to innovate and push something new to happen. The participating organisations’ collective decisions, contribution and in-depth expertise in their content offering are necessities for the progress, but structures and facilitation are also needed. Through our presentation, we give examples of initiatives that we as a node organisation took and where co-creation methods were essential to push the collaboration into new areas. We are taking steps towards something new that can help in bringing research-based information a step or two closer to the general public and make it more approachable for them. In the current time of misinformation, this is more crucial than ever. Quote from Ray Bradbury “You don’t have to burn books to destroy a culture. Just get people to stop reading them” talks about culture. This goes for scientific information too.
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- 2023
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7. Agile Principles in the Embedded System Development.
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Matti Kaisti, Tapio Mujunen, Tuomas Mäkilä, Ville Rantala, and Teijo Lehtonen
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- 2014
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8. Agile Principles in the Embedded System Development
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Kaisti, Matti, Mujunen, Tapio, Mäkilä, Tuomas, Rantala, Ville, Lehtonen, Teijo, van der Aalst, Wil, editor, Mylopoulos, John, editor, Rosemann, Michael, editor, Shaw, Michael J., editor, Szyperski, Clemens, editor, Cantone, Giovanni, editor, and Marchesi, Michele, editor
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- 2014
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9. Reproducibility of evoked and induced MEG responses to proprioceptive stimulation of the ankle joint
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Mujunen, Toni, primary, Seipäjärvi, Santtu, additional, Nurminen, Mila, additional, Parviainen, Tiina, additional, and Piitulainen, Harri, additional
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- 2022
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10. Solar polarization observations at 3 and 13 mm
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E. Oinaskallio, Petri Kirves, Joni Tammi, Ari Mujunen, Merja Tornikoski, Juha Kallunki, Juha Aatrokoski, Metsähovi Radio Observatory, Aalto University, and Aalto-yliopisto
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Physics ,Optics ,radio radiation [Sun] ,Space and Planetary Science ,business.industry ,chromosphere [Sun] ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,activity [Sun] ,business ,Polarization (waves) - Abstract
The first solar radio polarization observations at 3 mm (86 GHz) and 13 mm (22 GHz) were made at Aalto University Metsähovi Radio Observatory in Finland in spring 2019. This was the first time that 3 mm (86 GHz) and 13 mm (1.3 cm) solar polarization observations were made with the same radio telescope. In this paper we describe the observing system and data analysis, and present the first results. We also compare our data with polarization observations made with the Nobeyama Radioheliograph and find that the results are consistent. Additionally, we determine the quiet Sun level brightness temperature at 3 mm (86 GHz) using the New Moon for refererence, and obtain a mean value of 6310 K.
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- 2020
11. Agile methods for embedded systems development - a literature review and a mapping study
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Kaisti, Matti, Rantala, Ville, Mujunen, Tapio, Hyrynsalmi, Sami, Könnölä, Kaisa, Mäkilä, Tuomas, and Lehtonen, Teijo
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- 2013
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12. Corticokinematic coherence is stronger to regular than irregular proprioceptive stimulation of the hand
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Toni, Mujunen, Timo, Nurmi, and Harri, Piitulainen
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Adult ,Male ,Movement ,Humans ,Magnetoencephalography ,Female ,Sensorimotor Cortex ,Hand ,Proprioception ,Evoked Potentials ,Biomechanical Phenomena - Abstract
Proprioceptive afference can be investigated using corticokinematic coherence (CKC), which indicates coupling between limb kinematics and cortical activity. CKC has been quantified using proprioceptive stimulation (movement actuators) with fixed interstimulus interval (ISI). However, it is unclear how regularity of the stimulus sequence (jitter) affects CKC strength. Eighteen healthy volunteers (16 right-handed, 27.8 ± 5.0 yr, 7 females) participated in magnetoencephalography (MEG) session in which their right index finger was continuously moved at ∼3 Hz with Constant 333 ms ISI or with 20% Jitter (ISI 333 ± 66 ms) using a pneumatic-movement actuator. Three minutes of data per condition were collected. Finger kinematics were recorded with a three-axis accelerometer. CKC strength was defined as the peak coherence value in the Rolandic MEG gradiometer pair contralateral to the movement at 3 Hz. Both conditions resulted in significant coherence peaking in the gradiometers over the primary sensorimotor cortex. Constant stimulation yielded stronger CKC at 3 Hz (0.78 ± 0.11 vs. 0.66 ± 0.13
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- 2021
13. Corticokinematic coherence is stronger to regular than irregular proprioceptive stimulation of the hand
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Mujunen, Toni, primary, Nurmi, Timo, additional, and Piitulainen, Harri, additional
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- 2021
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14. Solar observing system for radio frequencies 5-120 MHz
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Juha Kallunki, Ari Mujunen, Merja Tornikoski, E. Oinaskallio, Joni Tammi, Petri Kirves, Juha Aatrokoski, Metsähovi Radio Observatory, Aalto University, and Aalto-yliopisto
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Physics ,ta115 ,solar radio burst ,long-wavelength array (LWA) ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,business.industry ,Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Callisto ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics ,solar radio observations ,01 natural sciences ,Optics ,Space and Planetary Science ,Physics::Space Physics ,0103 physical sciences ,Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics ,Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics ,Radio frequency ,business ,010303 astronomy & astrophysics ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
The Aalto University Metsähovi Radio Observatory (MRO) in Finland installed and started operating a new low-frequency solar radio monitoring instrument in October 2017. The main component of the new system is a crossed dipole antenna, and it uses a Callisto spectrometer as the back-end. The operational range of the new radio telescope is between 5 and 120 MHz, and its main purpose is to detect solar radio bursts. The coverage of MRO solar radio observations now extends from 5 MHz to 37 GHz, enabling studies of solar flares over a very wide frequency range. The first solar radio bursts were detected with the new system in March 2018. In this article, we describe the new system and report the first flare observations.
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- 2018
15. Corticokinematic coherence is stronger to regular than irregular proprioceptive stimulation of the hand
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Mujunen, Toni, Nurmi, Timo, Piitulainen, Harri, Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University
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movement-evoked field ,jitter ,aivokuori ,liikeoppi ,MEG ,kinematics ,proprioception ,sensomotoriikka ,proprioseptiikka ,somatosensory ,motoriikka - Abstract
Funding Information: This study was supported by the Academy of Finland “Brain changes across the life-span” profiling funding to University of Jyva€skyla€. H. Piitulainen was supported by Academy of Finland (Grants 296240, 326988, 307250, and 327288) and Jane and Aatos Erkko Foundation. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 the American Physiological Society. Proprioceptive afference can be investigated using corticokinematic coherence (CKC), which indicates coupling between limb kinematics and cortical activity. CKC has been quantified using proprioceptive stimulation (movement actuators) with fixed interstimulus interval (ISI). However, it is unclear how regularity of the stimulus sequence (jitter) affects CKC strength. Eighteen healthy volunteers (16 right-handed, 27.8 ± 5.0 yr, 7 females) participated in magnetoencephalography (MEG) session in which their right index finger was continuously moved at ∼3 Hz with Constant 333 ms ISI or with 20% Jitter (ISI 333 ± 66 ms) using a pneumaticmovement actuator. Three minutes of data per condition were collected. Finger kinematics were recorded with a three-axis accelerometer. CKC strength was defined as the peak coherence value in the Rolandic MEG gradiometer pair contralateral to the movement at 3 Hz. Both conditions resulted in significant coherence peaking in the gradiometers over the primary sensorimotor cortex. Constant stimulation yielded stronger CKC at 3Hz (0.78 ± 0.11 vs. 0.66 ± 0.13, P < 0.001) and its first harmonic (0.60 ± 0.19 vs. 0.27 ± 0.11, P < 0.001) than irregular stimulation. Similarly, the respective sustained-movement evoked field was also stronger for constant stimulation. The results emphasize the importance of temporal stability of the proprioceptive stimulation sequence when quantifying CKC strength. The weaker CKC during irregular stimulation can be explained with temporal and thus spectral scattering of the paired peripheral and cortical events beyond the mean stimulation frequency. This impairs the signal-to-noise ratio of respective MEG signal and thus CKC strength. When accurately estimating and following changes in CKC strength, we suggest using precise movement actuators with constant stimulation sequence.
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- 2021
16. Linnanmaan muistolehto ja sakraalirakennus
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Mujunen, V. (Ville)
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Tiivistelmä. Toteutin kandidaatintyöni syksyn 2019 nykyarkkitehtuurin 3. kurssista. Kurssin tehtävänä oli suunnitella ekumeeninen kappeli Puulinnanmaalle. Suunnitelmassani tahdoin päästä sakraaliin tilakokemukseen materiaalin sekä muodon kautta. Plaanin perusideana on itä-länsi suunnassa kulkevat paksut CLT-rakenteet, joiden väleihin tilat sulautuvat. Rakennuksen poikkiseinät ovat suurimmalta osaltaan lasia, jota päällystää teräksinen pystyprofiili. Tämä tuo rakennukseen runsaasti luonnonvaloa, etenkin aamuisin ja iltaisin. Rakennuksen lattiamateriaali on hiottua betonia, joka sointuu hyvin pehmeän ja lämpimän puun kanssa. CLT-rakenteet nousevat rytmikkäästi tilan korkeuden noustessa. Poikkiseinät eivät sijaitse elementtien päissä vaan on upotettu rakenteeseen vähintään puolen metrin verran. Tämä luo efektin, jossa rakennus on piilossa elementtiryppään keskellä. Kappelille saavuttaessa etelä tai pohjoispuolelta rakennuksesta ei näe muuta kuin kyseiset puuelementit. Puuelementit jatkuvat ulkoa sisälle, joka altistaa puun luonnonvoimille ja näin luo ulkotilassa puulle harmaantumista ajan saatossa. Tilaan tultaessa astutaan matalaan aulaan, joka johtaa korkeampaan välitilaan. Välitilasta kokijan reitti luontaisesti ohjautuu korkeaan ja kirkkaaseen seremoniatilaan. Vaihtoehtoisesti kokija voi siirtyä myös kynttilähuoneeseen hiljentymään. Wc-tilat on sijoitettu kulman taakse piiloon yksityisyyden saavuttamiseksi. Hallinnolliset tilat on sijoitettu rakennuksen sivuille, joihin kuljetaan liukuovien kautta. Tällä saavutetaan tilan lineaarinen rikkoontumattomuus. Seremoniatilan päädyssä on seinään upotettu liukuovi, josta on käynti sakastiin. Henkilökunnalle on oma sisäänkäynti rakennuksen eteläpuolella. Sisäänkäynti on erotettu selkeästi pääsisäänkäynnistä seinien muotoilulla. Kappeliin kuuluu muistolehto, joka on sijoitettu selkeästi erilleen rakennuksesta sen pohjoispuolelle. Muodoltaan muistolehto mukailee kappelia ja toimii rakennuksen pikkuveljenä. Se koostuu kolmesta erikorkuisesta CLT-elementistä. Haasteena muistolehdon suunnittelemisessa oli yhdistää se kappeliin rikkomatta kappelin vahvaa lineaarista rakennetta. Siitä syystä päädyin eristämään muistolehdon selkeästi kappelista omaksi entiteetikseen, joka kuitenkin sointuu yleiseen arkkitehtoniseen ilmeeseen. Kappelin rakenteellisuus tuotti myös ongelmia. Kuinka valtavat yhdensuuntaiset elementit saataisiin jäykistettyä ilman poikkiseiniä. Ratkaisuksi tuli vahva yläpohjarakenne, joka sitoo seinät toisiinsa. Katon pohjois- ja eteläsivuilla on upotettu valokouru, jonne on upotettu ledinauhat. Tämä tuo illuusion taivaalta tulevasta luonnonvalosta pimeälläkin säällä. Valo tuo kauniisti esille puun syyt ja liitokset. Kappelia ympäröi istutettu metsä, joka eristää alueen kaupungin melulta ja asettaa kokijan rauhalliseen mielentilaan. Kappelille on tarkoitus saapua kävellen, joka lisää sakraaliuden tunnetta tilaa rauhoittamalla. Inspiraation työlleni sain Juha Leiviskän Myyrmäen kirkosta, jossa jylhät pystyseinät rajaavat tilaa kauniisti. Kappelin kokemusperäinen suunnittelutapa on onnistunut ja koen sen olevan tärkeä osa arkkitehtuurin suunnittelua. Omaksumalla kokijan tunnetiloja kappelissa liikkuessa ja niistä johtavat arkkitehtoniset valinnat kertovat tarinaa rakennuksesta.
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- 2020
17. ULTRA RAPID dUT1 ESTIMATIONS FROM e-VLBI SESSIONS
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KOYAMA, YASUHIRO, primary, KONDO, TETSURO, additional, SEKIDO, MAMORU, additional, HOBIGER, THOMAS, additional, TAKIGUCHI, HIROSHI, additional, WADA, KOZIN, additional, KURIHARA, SHINOBU, additional, HAAS, RÜDIGER, additional, WAGNER, JAN, additional, MUJUNEN, ARI, additional, and RITAKARI, JOUKO, additional
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- 2010
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18. First Result from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station: Precision Measurement of the Positron Fraction in Primary Cosmic Rays of 0.5–350 GeV
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M. Aguilar, G. Alberti, B. Alpat, A. Alvino, G. Ambrosi, K. Andeen, H. Anderhub, L. Arruda, P. Azzarello, A. Bachlechner, F. Barao, B. Baret, A. Barrau, L. Barrin, A. Bartoloni, L. Basara, A. Basili, L. Batalha, J. Bates, R. Battiston, J. Bazo, R. Becker, U. Becker, M. Behlmann, B. Beischer, J. Berdugo, P. Berges, B. Bertucci, G. Bigongiari, A. Biland, V. Bindi, S. Bizzaglia, G. Boella, W. de Boer, K. Bollweg, J. Bolmont, B. Borgia, S. Borsini, M. J. Boschini, G. Boudoul, M. Bourquin, P. Brun, M. Buénerd, J. Burger, W. Burger, F. Cadoux, X. D. Cai, M. Capell, D. Casadei, J. Casaus, V. Cascioli, G. Castellini, I. Cernuda, F. Cervelli, M. J. Chae, Y. H. Chang, A. I. Chen, C. R. Chen, H. Chen, G. M. Cheng, H. S. Chen, L. Cheng, N. Chernoplyiokov, A. Chikanian, E. Choumilov, V. Choutko, C. H. Chung, C. Clark, R. Clavero, G. Coignet, V. Commichau, C. Consolandi, A. Contin, C. Corti, M. T. Costado Dios, B. Coste, D. Crespo, Z. Cui, M. Dai, C. Delgado, S. Della Torre, B. Demirkoz, P. Dennett, L. Derome, S. Di Falco, X. H. Diao, A. Diago, L. Djambazov, C. Díaz, P. von Doetinchem, W. J. Du, J. M. Dubois, R. Duperay, M. Duranti, D. D’Urso, A. Egorov, A. Eline, F. J. Eppling, T. Eronen, J. van Es, H. Esser, A. Falvard, E. Fiandrini, A. Fiasson, E. Finch, P. Fisher, K. Flood, R. Foglio, M. Fohey, S. Fopp, N. Fouque, Y. Galaktionov, M. Gallilee, L. Gallin-Martel, G. Gallucci, B. García, J. García, R. García-López, L. García-Tabares, C. Gargiulo, H. Gast, I. Gebauer, S. Gentile, M. Gervasi, W. Gillard, F. Giovacchini, L. Girard, P. Goglov, J. Gong, C. Goy-Henningsen, D. Grandi, M. Graziani, A. Grechko, A. Gross, I. Guerri, C. de la Guía, K. H. Guo, M. Habiby, S. Haino, F. Hauler, Z. H. He, M. Heil, J. Heilig, R. Hermel, H. Hofer, Z. C. Huang, W. Hungerford, M. Incagli, M. Ionica, A. Jacholkowska, W. Y. Jang, H. Jinchi, M. Jongmanns, L. Journet, L. Jungermann, W. Karpinski, G. N. Kim, K. S. Kim, Th. Kirn, R. Kossakowski, A. Koulemzine, O. Kounina, A. Kounine, V. Koutsenko, M. S. Krafczyk, E. Laudi, G. Laurenti, C. Lauritzen, A. Lebedev, M. W. Lee, S. C. Lee, C. Leluc, H. León Vargas, V. Lepareur, J. Q. Li, Q. Li, T. X. Li, W. Li, Z. H. Li, P. Lipari, C. H. Lin, D. Liu, H. Liu, T. Lomtadze, Y. S. Lu, S. Lucidi, K. Lübelsmeyer, J. Z. Luo, W. Lustermann, S. Lv, J. Madsen, R. Majka, A. Malinin, C. Mañá, J. Marín, T. Martin, G. Martínez, F. Masciocchi, N. Masi, D. Maurin, A. McInturff, P. McIntyre, A. Menchaca-Rocha, Q. Meng, M. Menichelli, I. Mereu, M. Millinger, D. C. Mo, M. Molina, P. Mott, A. Mujunen, S. Natale, P. Nemeth, J. Q. Ni, N. Nikonov, F. Nozzoli, P. Nunes, A. Obermeier, S. Oh, A. Oliva, F. Palmonari, C. Palomares, M. Paniccia, A. Papi, W. H. Park, M. Pauluzzi, F. Pauss, A. Pauw, E. Pedreschi, S. Pensotti, R. Pereira, E. Perrin, G. Pessina, G. Pierschel, F. Pilo, A. Piluso, C. Pizzolotto, V. Plyaskin, J. Pochon, M. Pohl, V. Poireau, S. Porter, J. Pouxe, A. Putze, L. Quadrani, X. N. Qi, P. G. Rancoita, D. Rapin, Z. L. Ren, J. S. Ricol, E. Riihonen, I. Rodríguez, U. Roeser, S. Rosier-Lees, L. Rossi, A. Rozhkov, D. Rozza, A. Sabellek, R. Sagdeev, J. Sandweiss, B. Santos, P. Saouter, M. Sarchioni, S. Schael, D. Schinzel, M. Schmanau, G. Schwering, A. Schulz von Dratzig, G. Scolieri, E. S. Seo, B. S. Shan, J. Y. Shi, Y. M. Shi, T. Siedenburg, R. Siedling, D. Son, F. Spada, F. Spinella, M. Steuer, K. Stiff, W. Sun, W. H. Sun, X. H. Sun, M. Tacconi, C. P. Tang, X. W. Tang, Z. C. Tang, L. Tao, J. Tassan-Viol, Samuel C. C. Ting, S. M. Ting, C. Titus, N. Tomassetti, F. Toral, J. Torsti, J. R. Tsai, J. C. Tutt, J. Ulbricht, T. Urban, V. Vagelli, E. Valente, C. Vannini, E. Valtonen, M. Vargas Trevino, S. Vaurynovich, M. Vecchi, M. Vergain, B. Verlaat, C. Vescovi, J. P. Vialle, G. Viertel, G. Volpini, D. Wang, N. H. Wang, Q. L. Wang, R. S. Wang, X. Wang, Z. X. Wang, W. Wallraff, Z. L. Weng, M. Willenbrock, M. Wlochal, H. Wu, K. Y. Wu, Z. S. Wu, W. J. Xiao, S. Xie, R. Q. Xiong, G. M. Xin, N. S. Xu, W. Xu, Q. Yan, J. Yang, M. Yang, Q. H. Ye, H. Yi, Y. J. Yu, Z. Q. Yu, S. Zeissler, J. G. Zhang, Z. Zhang, M. M. Zhang, Z. M. Zheng, H. L. Zhuang, V. Zhukov, A. Zichichi, P. Zuccon, and C. Zurbach
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- 2013
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19. Solar polarization observations at 3 and 13 mm
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Kallunki, Juha, primary, Tornikoski, Merja, additional, Kirves, Petri, additional, Oinaskallio, Erkki, additional, Aatrokoski, Juha, additional, Mujunen, Ari, additional, and Tammi, Joni, additional
- Published
- 2020
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20. A study of cosmic ray secondaries induced by the Mir space station using AMS-01
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Aguilar, M., Alcaraz, J., Allaby, J., Alpat, B., Ambrosi, G., Anderhub, H., Ao, L., Arefiev, A., Azzarello, P., Babucci, E., Baldini, L., Basile, M., Barancourt, D., Barao, F., Barbier, G., Barreira, G., Battiston, R., Becker, R., Becker, U., Bellagamba, L., Béné, P., Berdugo, J., Berges, P., Bertucci, B., Biland, A., Bizzaglia, S., Blasko, S., Boella, G., Boschini, M., Bourquin, M., Brocco, L., Bruni, G., Buénerd, M., Burger, J.D., Burger, W.J., Cai, X.D., Camps, C., Cannarsa, P., Capell, M., Carosi, G., Casadei, D., Casaus, J., Castellini, G., Cecchi, C., Chang, Y.H., Chen, H.F., Chen, H.S., Chen, Z.G., Chernoplekov, N.A., Chiueh, T.H., Cho, K., Choi, M.J., Choi, Y.Y., Chuang, Y.L., Cindolo, F., Commichau, V., Contin, A., Cortina-Gil, E., Cristinziani, M., da Cunha, J.P., Dai, T.S., Delgado, C., Demirköz, B., Deus, J.D., Dinu, N., Djambazov, L., D’Antone, I., Dong, Z.R., Emonet, P., Engelberg, J., Eppling, F.J., Eronen, T., Esposito, G., Extermann, P., Favier, J., Fiandrini, E., Fisher, P.H., Fluegge, G., Fouque, N., Galaktionov, Yu., Gervasi, M., Giusti, P., Grandi, D., Grimm, O., Gu, W.Q., Hangarter, K., Hasan, A., Henning, R., Hermel, V., Hofer, H., Huang, M.A., Hungerford, W., Ionica, M., Ionica, R., Jongmanns, M., Karlamaa, K., Karpinski, W., Kenney, G., Kenny, J., Kim, D.H., Kim, G.N., Kim, K.S., Kim, M.Y., Klimentov, A., Kossakowski, R., Koutsenko, V., Kraeber, M., Laborie, G., Laitinen, T., Lamanna, G., Lanciotti, E., Laurenti, G., Lebedev, A., Lechanoine-Leluc, C., Lee, M.W., Lee, S.C., Levi, G., Levtchenko, P., Liu, C.L., Liu, H.T., Lopes, I., Lu, G., Lu, Y.S., Lübelsmeyer, K., Luckey, D., Lustermann, W., Maña, C., Margotti, A., Mayet, F., McNeil, R.R., Meillon, B., Menichelli, M., Mihul, A., Monreal, B., Mourao, A., Mujunen, A., Palmonari, F., Papi, A., Park, H.B., Park, W.H., Pauluzzi, M., Pauss, F., Perrin, E., Pesci, A., Pevsner, A., Pimenta, M., Plyaskin, V., Pojidaev, V., Pohl, M., Postolache, V., Produit, N., Rancoita, P.G., Rapin, D., Raupach, F., Ren, D., Ren, Z., Ribordy, M., Richeux, J.P., Riihonen, E., Ritakari, J., Ro, S., Roeser, U., Rossin, C., Sagdeev, R., Santos, D., Sartorelli, G., Sbarra, C., Schael, S., Schultz von Dratzig, A., Schwering, G., Scolieri, G., Seo, E.S., Shin, J.W., Shoumilov, E., Shoutko, V., Siedling, R., Son, D., Song, T., Steuer, M., Sun, G.S., Suter, H., Tang, X.W., Ting, Samuel C.C., Ting, S.M., Tornikoski, M., Torsti, J., Trümper, J., Ulbricht, J., Urpo, S., Valtonen, E., Vandenhirtz, J., Velcea, F., Velikhov, E., Verlaat, B., Vetlitsky, I., Vezzu, F., Vialle, J.P., Viertel, G., Vité, D., Von Gunten, H., Waldmeier Wicki, S., Wallraff, W., Wang, B.C., Wang, J.Z., Wang, Y.H., Wiik, K., Williams, C., Wu, S.X., Xia, P.C., Yan, J.L., Yan, L.G., Yang, C.G., Yang, J., Yang, M., Ye, S.W., Yeh, P., Xu, Z.Z., Zhang, H.Y., Zhang, Z.P., Zhao, D.X., Zhu, G.Y., Zhu, W.Z., Zhuang, H.L., Zichichi, A., Zimmermann, B., and Zuccon, P.
- Published
- 2005
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21. Dreaming of the pastor’s profession? The progress of the theologian students’ professional identity during Applied Studies in Lutheran Church
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Mujunen, Heikki, Teologian osasto, School of Theology, Filosofinen tiedekunta, Teologian osasto, Läntinen teologia, Philosophical faculty, School of Theology, Western Theology, Filosofinen tiedekunta, and Philosophical faculty
- Subjects
käytännöllinen teologia ,practical theology - Published
- 2019
22. Agile methods for embedded systems development - a literature review and a mapping study.
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Matti Kaisti, Ville Rantala, Tapio Mujunen, Sami Hyrynsalmi, Kaisa Könnölä, Tuomas Mäkilä, and Teijo Lehtonen
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
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23. Retro suunnittelun kehyksenä
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Mujunen, T. (Tuomas)
- Abstract
Tiivistelmä. Lopputyössä pohditaan eri näkökulmista retroestetiikan mahdollisuuksia ja haasteita suunnittelun kehyksenä. Havainnollistavina keiseinä toimivat viisi ravintolaa, joiden sisustussuunnittelussa retroestetiikkaa on toteutettu eriasteisesti, perinteisemmästä pubista steam punkahtavaan, vindustrialismia edustavaan ruokaravintolaan. Pubia retrottaessa raja-arvona toimii perinteisen pubin ontologia, jota avataan sekä konkreettisina materiaalisina valintoina että teoreettisesti, Michel Foucault’n heterotopian kaltaisena paradoksaalisena tilana. Lisäksi retroa jäsennetään retron nelikentän avulla — tavoitteena on ymmärtää retroa nyansoidummin ja näin tarjota välineitä sen tietoiseen ja hallittuun soveltamiseen arkkitehtuurissa ja suunnittelussa.Abstract. The present thesis considers from several angles the opportunities and challenges of retro-aesthetics as a framework for branding and design. In order to concretize the research, five case studies are presented: individual restaurants where retro-aesthetics has been utilized to different degrees, from a more traditional pub to a punk-ish dining restaurant representing what is here termed vindustrialism. When the pub was being retrotized, the threshold value was constituted by the ontology of a traditional public house, which is here explicated both by concrete material choices and theoretically as a paradoxical space of Michel Foucault’s heterotopy type. Retro is further analyzed by means of a retro matrix, with the objective of gaining more nuanced insights into retro, and thereby providing tools for its deliberate and controlled deployment in architecture and design.
- Published
- 2018
24. Suuri muinainen, kylmä jättiläinen:Kiina-kuva kiinalaista arkeologiaa ja kulttuuriperintöä käsittelevässä suomalaisessa uutisoinnissa 1990–2015
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Mujunen, J. (Johanna)
- Subjects
Archaeology - Abstract
Tutkin suomalaisen uutiskirjoittelun Kiinan arkeologiaa ja kulttuuriperintöä käsittelevää diskurssia. Tarkastelen sen syntyä ja kehitystä sekä erityisesti sen muodostamaa Kiina-kuvaa. Aineistoni käsittää Helsingin Sanomien, Yle.fi:n ja Pohjolan Sanomien julkaisemia kirjoituksia, joita olen katsonut sekä diskurssianalyysin että historiallisen kuvatutkimuksen näkökulmista. Kiina-kuva ei muuttunut tutkimuksen käsittämällä aikavälillä. Jutuissa Kiina näyttäytyy koko maailman mittakaavassa vanhana, arvokkaana ja tutkimuksellisesti merkittävänä, johon mielellään liitetään ja verrataan eurooppalaista menneisyyttä. Nyky-Kiina näyttäytyy pääosin voimakkaana ja länsimaista poikkeavasti toimivana, mikä herättää kirjoittajissa levottomuutta tai surua. Kiinalaiset näyttäytyvät jutuissa pelkistetysti valtiosta erillisinä tutkijoina, yksinkertaisina maanviljelijöinä tai häikäilemättöminä ryöstäjinä. Jutut päätyvät Suomeen useimmiten monen eurooppalaisen välikäden kautta, ja Kiinaa katsotaan perinteisen eurooppalaisesti, eurooppalaisen linssin läpi.
- Published
- 2018
25. Solar observing system for radio frequencies 5-120 MHz
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Kallunki, J., primary, Tornikoski, M., additional, Oinaskallio, E., additional, Kirves, P., additional, Aatrokoski, J., additional, Mujunen, A., additional, and Tammi, J., additional
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- 2018
- Full Text
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26. The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) on the International Space Station: Part I – results from the test flight on the space shuttle
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Aguilar, M., Alcaraz, J., Allaby, J., Alpat, B., Ambrosi, G., Anderhub, H., Ao, L., Arefiev, A., Azzarello, P., Babucci, E., Baldini, L., Basile, M., Barancourt, D., Barao, F., Barbier, G., Barreira, G., Battiston, R., Becker, R., Becker, U., Bellagamba, L., Béné, P., Berdugo, J., Berges, P., Bertucci, B., Biland, A., Bizzaglia, S., Blasko, S., Boella, G., Boschini, M., Bourquin, M., Brocco, L., Bruni, G., Buénerd, M., Burger, J.D., Burger, W.J., Cai, X.D., Camps, C., Cannarsa, P., Capell, M., Casadei, D., Casaus, J., Castellini, G., Cecchi, C., Chang, Y.H., Chen, H.F., Chen, H.S., Chen, Z.G., Chernoplekov, N.A., Chiueh, T.H., Cho, K., Choi, M.J., Choi, Y.Y., Chuang, Y.L., Cindolo, F., Commichau, V., Contin, A., Cortina-Gil, E., Cristinziani, M., da Cunha, J.P., Dai, T.S., Delgado, C., Deus, J.D., Dinu, N., Djambazov, L., D'Antone, I., Dong, Z.R., Emonet, P., Engelberg, J., Eppling, F.J., Eronen, T., Esposito, G., Extermann, P., Favier, J., Fiandrini, E., Fisher, P.H., Fluegge, G., Fouque, N., Galaktionov, Yu., Gervasi, M., Giusti, P., Grandi, D., Grimms, O., Gu, W.Q., Hangarter, K., Hasan, A., Hermel, V., Hofer, H., Huang, M.A., Hungerford, W., Ionica, M., Ionica, R., Jongmanns, M., Karlamaa, K., Karpinski, W., Kenney, G., Kenny, J., Kim, D.H., Kim, G.N., Kim, K.S., Kim, M.Y., Klimentov, A., Kossakowski, R., Koutsenko, V., Kraeber, M., Laborie, G., Laitinen, T., Lamanna, G., Lanciotti, E., Laurenti, G., Lebedev, A., Lechanoine-Leluc, C., Lee, M.W., Lee, S.C., Levi, G., Levtchenko, P., Liu, C.L., Liu, H.T., Lopes, I., Lu, G., Lu, Y.S., Lübelsmeyer, K., Luckey, D., Lustermann, W., Maña, C., Margotti, A., Mayet, F., McNeil, R.R., Meillon, B., Menichelli, M., Mihul, A., Mourao, A., Mujunen, A., Palmonari, F., Papi, A., Park, H.B., Park, W.H., Pauluzzi, M., Pauss, F., Perrin, E., Pesci, A., Pevsner, A., Pimenta, M., Plyaskin, V., Pojidaev, V., Pohl, M., Postolache, V., Produit, N., Rancoita, P.G., Rapin, D., Raupach, F., Ren, D., Ren, Z., Ribordy, M., Richeux, J.P., Riihonen, E., Ritakari, J., Ro, S., Roeser, U., Rossin, C., Sagdeev, R., Santos, D., Sartorelli, G., Sbarra, C., Schael, S., Schultz von Dratzig, A., Schwering, G., Scolieri, G., Seo, E.S., Shin, J.W., Shoutko, V., Shoumilov, E., Siedling, R., Son, D., Song, T., Steuer, M., Sun, G.S., Suter, H., Tang, X.W., Ting, Samuel C.C., Ting, S.M., Tornikoski, M., Torsti, J., Trümper, J., Ulbricht, J., Urpo, S., Valtonen, E., Vandenhirtz, J., Velcea, F., Velikhov, E., Verlaat, B., Vetlitsky, I., Vezzu, F., Vialle, J.P., Viertel, G., Vité, D., Gunten, H.Von, Wicki, S.Waldmeier, Wallraff, W., Wang, B.C., Wang, J.Z., Wang, Y.H., Wiik, K., Williams, C., Wu, S.X., Xia, P.C., Yan, J.L., Yan, L.G., Yang, C.G., Yang, J., Yang, M., Ye, S.W., Yeh, P., Xu, Z.Z., Zhang, H.Y., Zhang, Z.P., Zhao, D.X., Zhu, G.Y., Zhu, W.Z., Zhuang, H.L., Zichichi, A., Zimmermann, B., and Zuccon, P.
- Published
- 2002
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27. The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS)
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Alcaraz, J., Alpat, B., Ambrosi, G., Anderhub, H., Ao, L., Arefiev, A., Azzarello, P., Babucci, E., Baldini, L., Basile, M., Barancourt, D., Barao, F., Barbier, G., Barreira, G., Battiston, R., Becker, R., Becker, U., Bellagamba, L., Bene, P., Berdugo, J., Berges, P., Bertucci, B., Biland, A., Bizzaglia, S., Blasko, S., Boella, G., Boschini, M., Bourquin, M., Brocco, L., Bruni, G., Buenerd, M., Burger, J.D., Burger, W.J., Cai, X.D., Camps, C., Cannarsa, P., Capell, M., Casadei, D., Casaus, J., Castellini, G., Cecchi, C., Chang, Y.H., Chen, H.F., Chen, H.S., Chen, Z.G., Chernoplekov, N.A., Chiueh, T.H., Chuang, Y.L., Cindolo, F., Commichau, V., Contin, A., Crespo, P., Cristinziani, M., da Cunha, J.P., Dai, T.S., Deus, J.D., Dinu, N., Djambazov, L., DAntone, I., Dong, Z.R., Emonet, P., Engelberg, J., Eppling, F.J., Eronen, T., Esposito, G., Extermann, P., Favier, J., Fiandrini, E., Fisher, P.H., Fluegge, G., Fouque, N., Galaktionov, Yu., Gervasi, M., Giusti, P., Grandi, D., Grimm, O., Gu, W.Q., Hangarter, K., Hasan, A., Hermel, V., Hofer, H., Huang, M.A., Hungerford, W., Ionica, M., Ionica, R., Jongmanns, M., Karlamaa, K., Karpinski, W., Kenney, G., Kenny, J., Kim, W., Klimentov, A., Kossakowski, R., Koutsenko, V., Kraeber, M., Laborie, G., Laitinen, T., Lamanna, G., Laurenti, G., Lebedev, A., Lee, S.C., Levi, G., Levtchenko, P., Liu, C.L., Liu, H.T., Lopes, I., Lu, G., Lu, Y.S., Lübelsmeyer, K., Luckey, D., Lustermann, W., Maña, C., Margotti, A., Mayet, F., McNeil, R.R., Meillon, B., Menichelli, M., Mihul, A., Mourao, A., Mujunen, A., Palmonari, F., Papi, A., Park, I.H., Pauluzzi, M., Pauss, F., Perrin, E., Pesci, A., Pevsner, A., Pimenta, M., Plyaskin, V., Pojidaev, V., Postolache, V., Produit, N., Rancoita, P.G., Rapin, D., Raupach, F., Ren, D., Ren, Z., Ribordy, M., Richeux, J.P., Riihonen, E., Ritakari, J., Roeser, U., Roissin, C., Sagdeev, R., Sartorelli, G., Schultz von Dratzig, A., Schwering, G., Scolieri, G., Seo, E.S., Shoutko, V., Shoumilov, E., Siedling, R., Son, D., Song, T., Steuer, M., Sun, G.S., Suter, H., Tang, X.W., Ting, Samuel C.C., Ting, S.M., Tornikoski, M., Torsti, J., Tr umper, J., Ulbricht, J., Urpo, S., Usoskin, I., Valtonen, E., Vandenhirtz, J., Velcea, F., Velikhov, E., Verlaat, B., Vetlitsky, I., Vezzu, F., Vialle, J.P., Viertel, G., Vite, D., Gunten, H.Von, Wicki, S.Waldmeier, Wallraff, W., Wang, B.C., Wang, J.Z., Wang, Y.H., Wiik, K., Williams, C., Wu, S.X., Xia, P.C., Yan, J.L., Yan, L.G., Yang, C.G., Yang, M., Ye, S.W., Yeh, P., Xu, Z.Z., Zhang, H.Y., Zhang, Z.P., Zhao, D.X., Zhu, G.Y., Zhu, W.Z., Zhuang, H.L., Zichichi, A., and Zimmermann, B.
- Published
- 2002
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28. 'Joskus joutuu pyytämään 'vanhus-teini-vanhus' -sanakirjaa' - kuinka eri-ikäiset tuntevat uudissanoja
- Author
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Mujunen, Jutta
- Subjects
lainasanat ,sanasto ,uudissanat ,merkitys ,ikä ,sosiolingvistiikka - Abstract
Tutkimukseni aiheena on uudissanojen tuntemus eri-ikäisten keskuudessa. Uudissanoihin liittyvä aiempi tutkimus on keskittynyt lähinnä sanojen muodostumiseen, ja eri-ikäisten kielenkäyttöä on lähestytty monista eri näkökulmista. Uudissanoja ja eri-ikäisiä kielenkäyttäjiä ei kuitenkaan ole aiemmin tutkittu samanaikaisesti, minkä vuoksi tutkimukselleni on tarvetta. Tavoitteena on ollut selvittää, kuinka hyvin eri-ikäiset tuntevat uudissanoja ja missä määrin he ottavat niitä omaan käyttöönsä. Olen vertaillut eri-ikäisten tietoja uudissanojen merkityksistä muun muassa sanan aihepiirin sekä sanan alkuperän näkökulmasta. Lisäksi olen tarkastellut, kuinka itselle vieraiden uudissanojen merkityksiä lähestytään. Tutkimusaineisto on kerätty verkossa kyselylomakkeella. Kyselyyn vastasi 175 henkilöä, joista neljää olen haastatellut tarkemmin saadakseni tarkentavaa tietoa aiheesta. Haastattelu on edennyt puolistrukturoidusti, ja haastattelun aikana haastateltavat muun muassa selittivät omin sanoin kyselyssä esiintyneitä sanoja. Tulosten perusteella on vaikea tehdä suuria yleistyksiä eri-ikäisten uudissanojen tuntemuksesta, sillä kaikissa ikä-luokissa oli yksilöllistä vaihtelua. Kuitenkin voitaneen sanoa, että nuoremmat vastaajat tunsivat uudissanoja hieman paremmin kuin vanhemmat. Sanojen aihepiirillä oli tähän vaikutusta: karkeasti voidaan yleistää, että nuoret tunsivat paremmin viestintään ja teknologiaan liittyvää sanastoa, yhteiskunnallisen sanaston kohdalla tilanne oli päinvastoin. Englannin kielestä lainatut sanat koettiin helpoiksi ymmärtää, mutta puutteellinen kielitaito erityisesti vanhempien vastaajien keskuudessa puolestaan hankaloitti ymmärtämistä. Itselle tuntemattomien uudissanojen merkityksiä lähdettiin hakemaan sanojen äänneasun kautta iästä riippumatta. Vaikka uudissanoja tunnettiin yleisellä tasolla melko hyvin, ne kuitenkin siirtyivät käyttöön melko hitaasti. Nuoret ottivat uutta sanastoa käyttöön jonkin verran vanhempia vastaajia nopeammin. Koska aihetta on tutkittu vain vähän, voidaan tutkielmani nähdä täydentävän sosiolingvistisen tutkimuksen kenttää. Lisäksi uudissanat kiinnostavat myös maallikoita.
- Published
- 2017
29. Initial results from the MIKES-Metsähovi time and frequency link
- Author
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Anders Wallin, Thomas Fordell, Calvés Molera, G., Mujunen, A., Myyry, J., and Näränen, J.
- Published
- 2017
30. Protons in near earth orbit
- Author
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Alcaraz, J., Alvisi, D., Alpat, B., Ambrosi, G., Anderhub, H., Ao, L., Arefiev, A., Azzarello, P., Babucci, E., Baldini, L., Basile, M., Barancourt, D., Barao, F., Barbier, G., Barreira, G., Battiston, R., Becker, R., Becker, U., Bellagamba, L., Béné, P., Berdugo, J., Berges, P., Bertucci, B., Biland, A., Bizzaglia, S., Blasko, S., Boella, G., Boschini, M., Bourquin, M., Bruni, G., Buenerd, M., Burger, J.D., Burger, W.J., Cai, X.D., Cavalletti, R., Camps, C., Cannarsa, P., Capell, M., Casadei, D., Casaus, J., Castellini, G., Chang, Y.H., Chen, H.F., Chen, H.S., Chen, Z.G., Chernoplekov, N.A., Chiarini, A., Chiueh, T.H., Chuang, Y.L., Cindolo, F., Commichau, V., Contin, A., Cotta–Ramusino, A., Crespo, P., Cristinziani, M., da Cunha, J.P., Dai, T.S., Deus, J.D., Dinu, N., Djambazov, L., D'Antone, I., Dong, Z.R., Emonet, P., Engelberg, J., Eppling, F.J., Eronen, T., Esposito, G., Extermann, P., Favier, J., Feng, C.C., Fiandrini, E., Finelli, F., Fisher, P.H., Flaminio, R., Fluegge, G., Fouque, N., Galaktionov, Yu., Gervasi, M., Giusti, P., Grandi, D., Gu, W.Q., Hangarter, K., Hasan, A., Hermel, V., Hofer, H., Huang, M.A., Hungerford, W., Ionica, M., Ionica, R., Jongmanns, M., Karlamaa, K., Karpinski, W., Kenney, G., Kenny, J., Kim, W., Klimentov, A., Kossakowski, R., Koutsenko, V., Laborie, G., Laitinen, T., Lamanna, G., Laurenti, G., Lebedev, A., Lee, S.C., Levi, G., Levtchenko, P., Liu, C.L., Liu, H.T., Lolli, M., Lopes, I., Lu, G., Lu, Y.S., Lübelsmeyer, K., Luckey, D., Lustermann, W., Maña, C., Margotti, A., Massera, F., Mayet, F., McNeil, R.R., Meillon, B., Menichelli, M., Mezzanotte, F., Mezzenga, R., Mihul, A., Molinari, G., Mourao, A., Mujunen, A., Palmonari, F., Pancaldi, G., Papi, A., Park, I.H., Pauluzzi, M., Pauss, F., Perrin, E., Pesci, A., Pevsner, A., Pilastrini, R., Pimenta, M., Plyaskin, V., Pojidaev, V., Postema, H., Postolache, V., Prati, E., Produit, N., Rancoita, P.G., Rapin, D., Raupach, F., Recupero, S., Ren, D., Ren, Z., Ribordy, M., Richeux, J.P., Riihonen, E., Ritakari, J., Roeser, U., Roissin, C., Sagdeev, R., Santos, D., Sartorelli, G., Schultz von Dratzig, A., Schwering, G., Seo, E.S., Shoutko, V., Shoumilov, E., Siedling, R., Son, D., Song, T., Steuer, M., Sun, G.S., Suter, H., Tang, X.W., Ting, Samuel C.C., Ting, S.M., Tornikoski, M., Torromeo, G., Torsti, J., Trümper, J., Ulbricht, J., Urpo, S., Usoskin, I., Valtonen, E., Vandenhirtz, J., Velcea, F., Velikhov, E., Verlaat, B., Vetlitsky, I., Vezzu, F., Vialle, J.P., Viertel, G., Vité, D., Von Gunten, H., Waldmeier Wicki, S., Wallraff, W., Wang, B.C., Wang, J.Z., Wang, Y.H., Wiik, K., Williams, C., Wu, S.X., Xia, P.C., Yan, J.L., Yan, L.G., Yang, C.G., Yang, M., Ye, S.W., Yeh, P., Xu, Z.Z., Zhang, H.Y., Zhang, Z.P., Zhao, D.X., Zhu, G.Y., Zhu, W.Z., Zhuang, H.L., and Zichichi, A.
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. First Result from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station: Precision Measurement of the Positron Fraction in Primary Cosmic Rays of 0.5–350 GeV
- Author
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Aguilar, M, Alberti, G, Alpat, B, Alvino, A, Ambrosi, G, Andeen, K, Anderhub, H, Arruda, L, Azzarello, P, Bachlechner, A, Barao, F, Baret, B, Barrau, A, Barrin, L, Bartoloni, A, Basara, L, Basili, A, Batalha, L, Bates, J, Battiston, R, Bazo, J, Becker, R, Becker, U, Behlmann, M, Beischer, B, Berdugo, J, Berges, P, Bertucci, B, Bigongiari, G, Biland, A, Bindi, V, Bizzaglia, S, de Boer, W, Bollweg, K, Bolmont, J, Borgia, B. Borsini, S, Boschini, MJ, Boudoul, G, Bourquin, M, Brun, P, Buenerd, M, Burger, J, Burger, W, Cadoux, F, Cai, XD, Capell, M, Casadei, D, Casaus, J, Cascioli, V, Castellini, G, Cernuda, I, Cervelli, F, Chae, MJ, Chang, YH, Chen, AI, Chen, CR, Chen, H, Cheng, GM, Chen, HS, Cheng, L, Chernoplyiokov, N, Chikanian, A, Choumilov, E, Choutko, V, Chung, CH, Clark, C, Clavero, R, Coignet, G, Commichau, V, Consolandi, C, Contin, A, Corti, C, Dios, MT, Costado Coste, B, Crespo, D, Cui, Z, Dai, M, Delgado, C, Della Torre, S, Demirkoz, B, Dennett, P, Derome, L, Di Falco, S, Diao, XH, Diago, A, Djambazov, L, Diaz, C, von Doetinchem, P, Du, WJ, Dubois, JM, Duperay, R, Duranti, M, D'Urso, D, Egorov, A, Eline, A, Eppling, FJ, Eronen, T, van Es, J, Esser, H, Falvard, A, Fiandrini, E, Fiasson, A, Finch, E, Fisher, P, Flood, K, Foglio, R, Fohey, M, Fopp, S, Fouque, N, Galaktionov, Y, Gallilee, M, Gallin Martel, L, Gallucci, G, Garcia, B, Garcia, J, Garcia Lopez, R, Garcia Tabares, L, Gargiulo, C, Gast, H, Gebauer, I, Gentile, S, Gillard, W, Giovacchini, F, Girard, L, Goglov, P, Gong, J, Goy Henningsen, C, Grandi, D, Graziani, M, Grechko, A, Gross, A, Guerri, I, de la Guia, C, Guo, KH, Habiby, M, Haino, S, Hauler, F, He, ZH, Heil, M, Heilig, J, Hermel, R, Hofer, H, Huang, ZC, Hungerford, W, Incagli, M, Ionica, M, Jacholkowska, A, Jang, WY, Jinchi, H, Jongmanns, M, Journet, L, Jungermann, L, Karpinski, W, Kim, GN, Kim, KS, Kirn, Th, Kossakowski, R, Koulemzine, A, Kounina, O, Kounine, A, Koutsenko, V, Krafczyk, MS, Laudi, E, Laurenti, G, Lauritzen, C, Lebedev, A, Lee, MW, Lee, SC, Leluc, C, Vargas, HL, Lepareur, V, Li, JQ, Li, Q, Li, TX, Li, W, Li, ZH, Lipari, P, Lin, CH, Liu, D, Liu, H, Lomtadze, T, Lu, YS, Lucidi, S, Luebelsmeyer, K, Luo, JZ, Lustermann, W, Lv, S, Madsen, J, Majka, R, Malinin, A, Mana, C, Marin, J, Martin, T, Martinez, G, Masciocchi, F, Masi, N, Maurin, D, McInturff, A, McIntyre, P, Menchaca Rocha, A, Meng, Q, Menichelli, M, Mereu, I, Millinger, M, Mo, DC, Molina, M, Mott, P, Mujunen, A, Natale, S, Nemeth, P, Ni, JQ, Nikonov, N, Nozzoli, F, Nunes, P, Obermeier, A, Oh, S, Oliva, A, Palmonari, F, Palomares, C, Paniccia, M, Papi, A, Park, WH, Pauluzzi, M, Pauss, F, Pauw, A, Pedreschi, E, Pereira, R, Perrin, E, Pierschel, G, Pilo, F, Piluso, A, Pizzolotto, C, Plyaskin, V, Pochon, J, Pohl, M, Poireau, V, Porter, S, Pouxe, J, Putze, A, Quadrani, L, Qi, XN, Rancoita, PG, Rapin, D, Ren, ZL, Ricol, JS, Riihonen, E, Rodriguez, I, Roeser, U, Rosier Lees, S, Rossi, L, Rozhkov, A, ROZZA, DAVIDE, Sabellek, A, Sagdeev, R, Sandweiss, J, Santos, B, Saouter, P, Sarchioni, M, Schael, S, Schinzel, D, Schmanau, M, Schwering, G, von Dratzig, AS, Scolieri, G, Seo, ES, Shan, BS, Shi, JY, Shi, YM, Siedenburg, T, Siedling, R, Son, D, Spada, F, Spinella, F, Steuer, M, Stiff, K, Sun, W, Sun, WH, Sun, XH, Tang, CP, Tang, XW, Tang, ZC, Tao, L, Tassan Viol, J, Ting, Samuel CC, Ting, SM, Titus, C, Tomassetti, N, Toral, F, Torsti, J, Tsai, JR, Tutt, JC, Ulbricht, J, Urban, T, Vagelli, V, Valente, E, Vannini, C, Valtonen, E, Trevino, MV, Vaurynovich, S, Vecchi, M, Vergain, M, Verlaat, B, Vescovi, C, Vialle, JP, Viertel, G, Volpini, G, Wang, D, Wang, NH, Wang, QL, Wang, RS, Wang, X, Wang, ZX, Wallraff, W, Weng, ZL, Willenbrock, M, Wlochal, M, Wu, H, Wu, KY, Wu, ZS, Xiao, WJ, Xie, S, Xiong, RQ, Xin, GM, Xu, NS, Xu, W, Yan, Q, Yang, J, Yang, M, Ye, QH, Yi, H, Yu, YJ, Yu, ZQ, Zeissler, S, Zhang, JG, Zhang, Z, Zhang, MM, Zheng, ZM, Zhuang, HL, Zhukov, V, Zichichi, A, Zuccon, P, Zurbach, C., BOELLA, GIULIANO FILIPPO, GERVASI, MASSIMO, PENSOTTI, SIMONETTA, PESSINA, GIANLUIGI EZIO, TACCONI, MAURO, M. Aguilar, G. Alberti, B. Alpat, A. Alvino, G. Ambrosi, K. Andeen, H. Anderhub, L. Arruda, P. Azzarello, A. Bachlechner, F. Barao, B. Baret, A. Barrau, L. Barrin, A. Bartoloni, L. Basara, A. Basili, L. Batalha, J. Bate, R. Battiston, J. Bazo, R. Becker, U. Becker, M. Behlmann, B. Beischer, J. Berdugo, P. Berge, B. Bertucci, G. Bigongiari, A. Biland, V. Bindi, S. Bizzaglia, G. Boella, W. de Boer, K. Bollweg, J. Bolmont, B. Borgia, S. Borsini, M. J. Boschini, G. Boudoul, M. Bourquin, P. Brun, M. Buénerd, J. Burger, W. Burger, F. Cadoux, X. D. Cai, M. Capell, D. Casadei, J. Casau, V. Cascioli, G. Castellini, I. Cernuda, F. Cervelli, M. J. Chae, Y. H. Chang, A. I. Chen, C. R. Chen, H. Chen, G. M. Cheng, H. S. Chen, L. Cheng, N. Chernoplyiokov, A. Chikanian, E. Choumilov, V. Choutko, C. H. Chung, C. Clark, R. Clavero, G. Coignet, V. Commichau, C. Consolandi, A. Contin, C. Corti, M. T. Costado Dio, B. Coste, D. Crespo, Z. Cui, M. Dai, C. Delgado, S. Della Torre, B. Demirkoz, P. Dennett, L. Derome, S. Di Falco, X. H. Diao, A. Diago, L. Djambazov, C. Díaz, P. von Doetinchem, W. J. Du, J. M. Duboi, R. Duperay, M. Duranti, D. D’Urso, A. Egorov, A. Eline, F. J. Eppling, T. Eronen, J. van E, H. Esser, A. Falvard, E. Fiandrini, A. Fiasson, E. Finch, P. Fisher, K. Flood, R. Foglio, M. Fohey, S. Fopp, N. Fouque, Y. Galaktionov, M. Gallilee, L. Gallin-Martel, G. Gallucci, B. García, J. García, R. García-López, L. García-Tabare, C. Gargiulo, H. Gast, I. Gebauer, S. Gentile, M. Gervasi, W. Gillard, F. Giovacchini, L. Girard, P. Goglov, J. Gong, C. Goy-Henningsen, D. Grandi, M. Graziani, A. Grechko, A. Gro, I. Guerri, C. de la Guía, K. H. Guo, M. Habiby, S. Haino, F. Hauler, Z. H. He, M. Heil, J. Heilig, R. Hermel, H. Hofer, Z. C. Huang, W. Hungerford, M. Incagli, M. Ionica, A. Jacholkowska, W. Y. Jang, H. Jinchi, M. Jongmann, L. Journet, L. Jungermann, W. Karpinski, G. N. Kim, K. S. Kim, Th. Kirn, R. Kossakowski, A. Koulemzine, O. Kounina, A. Kounine, V. Koutsenko, M. S. Krafczyk, E. Laudi, G. Laurenti, C. Lauritzen, A. Lebedev, M. W. Lee, S. C. Lee, C. Leluc, H. León Varga, V. Lepareur, J. Q. Li, Q. Li, T. X. Li, W. Li, Z. H. Li, P. Lipari, C. H. Lin, D. Liu, H. Liu, T. Lomtadze, Y. S. Lu, S. Lucidi, K. Lübelsmeyer, J. Z. Luo, W. Lustermann, S. Lv, J. Madsen, R. Majka, A. Malinin, C. Mañá, J. Marín, T. Martin, G. Martínez, F. Masciocchi, N. Masi, D. Maurin, A. McInturff, P. McIntyre, A. Menchaca-Rocha, Q. Meng, M. Menichelli, I. Mereu, M. Millinger, D. C. Mo, M. Molina, P. Mott, A. Mujunen, S. Natale, P. Nemeth, J. Q. Ni, N. Nikonov, F. Nozzoli, P. Nune, A. Obermeier, S. Oh, A. Oliva, F. Palmonari, C. Palomare, M. Paniccia, A. Papi, W. H. Park, M. Pauluzzi, F. Pau, A. Pauw, E. Pedreschi, S. Pensotti, R. Pereira, E. Perrin, G. Pessina, G. Pierschel, F. Pilo, A. Piluso, C. Pizzolotto, V. Plyaskin, J. Pochon, M. Pohl, V. Poireau, S. Porter, J. Pouxe, A. Putze, L. Quadrani, X. N. Qi, P. G. Rancoita, D. Rapin, Z. L. Ren, J. S. Ricol, E. Riihonen, I. Rodríguez, U. Roeser, S. Rosier-Lee, L. Rossi, A. Rozhkov, D. Rozza, A. Sabellek, R. Sagdeev, J. Sandwei, B. Santo, P. Saouter, M. Sarchioni, S. Schael, D. Schinzel, M. Schmanau, G. Schwering, A. Schulz von Dratzig, G. Scolieri, E. S. Seo, B. S. Shan, J. Y. Shi, Y. M. Shi, T. Siedenburg, R. Siedling, D. Son, F. Spada, F. Spinella, M. Steuer, K. Stiff, W. Sun, W. H. Sun, X. H. Sun, M. Tacconi, C. P. Tang, X. W. Tang, Z. C. Tang, L. Tao, J. Tassan-Viol, Samuel C. C. Ting, S. M. Ting, C. Titu, N. Tomassetti, F. Toral, J. Torsti, J. R. Tsai, J. C. Tutt, J. Ulbricht, T. Urban, V. Vagelli, E. Valente, C. Vannini, E. Valtonen, M. Vargas Trevino, S. Vaurynovich, M. Vecchi, M. Vergain, B. Verlaat, C. Vescovi, J. P. Vialle, G. Viertel, G. Volpini, D. Wang, N. H. Wang, Q. L. Wang, R. S. Wang, X. Wang, Z. X. Wang, W. Wallraff, Z. L. Weng, M. Willenbrock, M. Wlochal, H. Wu, K. Y. Wu, Z. S. Wu, W. J. Xiao, S. Xie, R. Q. Xiong, G. M. Xin, N. S. Xu, W. Xu, Q. Yan, J. Yang, M. Yang, Q. H. Ye, H. Yi, Y. J. Yu, Z. Q. Yu, S. Zeissler, J. G. Zhang, Z. Zhang, M. M. Zhang, Z. M. Zheng, H. L. Zhuang, V. Zhukov, A. Zichichi, P. Zuccon, C. Zurbach, Azzarello, Philipp, Bourquin, Maurice, Cadoux, Franck, Habiby Alaoui, Marion, Leluc, Catherine, Masciocchi, Florian, Paniccia, Mercedes, Perrin, Eric, Pohl, Martin, Rapin, Divic Jean, Saouter, Pierre, Metsähovi Radio Observatory, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, OpenMETU, CERN [Genève], Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas [Madrid] (CIEMAT), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Perugia (INFN, Sezione di Perugia), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Theoretical Physics [ETH Zürich] (ITP), Department of Physics [ETH Zürich] (D-PHYS), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), RWTH Aachen University, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire [Genève] (DPNC), Université de Genève (UNIGE), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna (INFN, Sezione di Bologna), Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias (IAC), Instituto de Matematicas (UNAM), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare [Sezione di Roma 1] (INFN), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, INFN Sezione di Pisa (INFN Sezione di Pisa), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Milano (INFN), AMS, Aguilar, M, Alberti, G, Alpat, B, Alvino, A, Ambrosi, G, Andeen, K, Anderhub, H, Arruda, L, Azzarello, P, Bachlechner, A, Barao, F, Baret, B, Barrau, A, Barrin, L, Bartoloni, A, Basara, L, Basili, A, Batalha, L, Bates, J, Battiston, R, Bazo, J, Becker, R, Becker, U, Behlmann, M, Beischer, B, Berdugo, J, Berges, P, Bertucci, B, Bigongiari, G, Biland, A, Bindi, V, Bizzaglia, S, Boella, G, de Boer, W, Bollweg, K, Bolmont, J, Borgia, B., B, S, Boschini, M, Boudoul, G, Bourquin, M, Brun, P, Buenerd, M, Burger, J, Burger, W, Cadoux, F, Cai, X, Capell, M, Casadei, D, Casaus, J, Cascioli, V, Castellini, G, Cernuda, I, Cervelli, F, Chae, M, Chang, Y, Chen, A, Chen, C, Chen, H, Cheng, G, Cheng, L, Chernoplyiokov, N, Chikanian, A, Choumilov, E, Choutko, V, Chung, C, Clark, C, Clavero, R, Coignet, G, Commichau, V, Consolandi, C, Contin, A, Corti, C, Dios, M, Costado Coste, B, Crespo, D, Cui, Z, Dai, M, Delgado, C, Della Torre, S, Demirkoz, B, Dennett, P, Derome, L, Di Falco, S, Diao, X, Diago, A, Djambazov, L, Diaz, C, von Doetinchem, P, Du, W, Dubois, J, Duperay, R, Duranti, M, D'Urso, D, Egorov, A, Eline, A, Eppling, F, Eronen, T, van Es, J, Esser, H, Falvard, A, Fiandrini, E, Fiasson, A, Finch, E, Fisher, P, Flood, K, Foglio, R, Fohey, M, Fopp, S, Fouque, N, Galaktionov, Y, Gallilee, M, Gallin Martel, L, Gallucci, G, Garcia, B, Garcia, J, Garcia Lopez, R, Garcia Tabares, L, Gargiulo, C, Gast, H, Gebauer, I, Gentile, S, Gervasi, M, Gillard, W, Giovacchini, F, Girard, L, Goglov, P, Gong, J, Goy Henningsen, C, Grandi, D, Graziani, M, Grechko, A, Gross, A, Guerri, I, de la Guia, C, Guo, K, Habiby, M, Haino, S, Hauler, F, He, Z, Heil, M, Heilig, J, Hermel, R, Hofer, H, Huang, Z, Hungerford, W, Incagli, M, Ionica, M, Jacholkowska, A, Jang, W, Jinchi, H, Jongmanns, M, Journet, L, Jungermann, L, Karpinski, W, Kim, G, Kim, K, Kirn, T, Kossakowski, R, Koulemzine, A, Kounina, O, Kounine, A, Koutsenko, V, Krafczyk, M, Laudi, E, Laurenti, G, Lauritzen, C, Lebedev, A, Lee, M, Lee, S, Leluc, C, Vargas, H, Lepareur, V, Li, J, Li, Q, Li, T, Li, W, Li, Z, Lipari, P, Lin, C, Liu, D, Liu, H, Lomtadze, T, Lu, Y, Lucidi, S, Luebelsmeyer, K, Luo, J, Lustermann, W, Lv, S, Madsen, J, Majka, R, Malinin, A, Mana, C, Marin, J, Martin, T, Martinez, G, Masciocchi, F, Masi, N, Maurin, D, Mcinturff, A, Mcintyre, P, Menchaca Rocha, A, Meng, Q, Menichelli, M, Mereu, I, Millinger, M, Mo, D, Molina, M, Mott, P, Mujunen, A, Natale, S, Nemeth, P, Ni, J, Nikonov, N, Nozzoli, F, Nunes, P, Obermeier, A, Oh, S, Oliva, A, Palmonari, F, Palomares, C, Paniccia, M, Papi, A, Park, W, Pauluzzi, M, Pauss, F, Pauw, A, Pedreschi, E, Pensotti, S, Pereira, R, Perrin, E, Pessina, G, Pierschel, G, Pilo, F, Piluso, A, Pizzolotto, C, Plyaskin, V, Pochon, J, Pohl, M, Poireau, V, Porter, S, Pouxe, J, Putze, A, Quadrani, L, Qi, X, Rancoita, P, Rapin, D, Ren, Z, Ricol, J, Riihonen, E, Rodriguez, I, Roeser, U, Rosier Lees, S, Rossi, L, Rozhkov, A, Rozza, D, Sabellek, A, Sagdeev, R, Sandweiss, J, Santos, B, Saouter, P, Sarchioni, M, Schael, S, Schinzel, D, Schmanau, M, Schwering, G, von Dratzig, A, Scolieri, G, Seo, E, Shan, B, Shi, J, Shi, Y, Siedenburg, T, Siedling, R, Son, D, Spada, F, Spinella, F, Steuer, M, Stiff, K, Sun, W, Sun, X, Tacconi, M, Tang, C, Tang, X, Tang, Z, Tao, L, Tassan Viol, J, Ting, S, Titus, C, Tomassetti, N, Toral, F, Torsti, J, Tsai, J, Tutt, J, Ulbricht, J, Urban, T, Vagelli, V, Valente, E, Vannini, C, Valtonen, E, Trevino, M, Vaurynovich, S, Vecchi, M, Vergain, M, Verlaat, B, Vescovi, C, Vialle, J, Viertel, G, Volpini, G, Wang, D, Wang, N, Wang, Q, Wang, R, Wang, X, Wang, Z, Wallraff, W, Weng, Z, Willenbrock, M, Wlochal, M, Wu, H, Wu, K, Wu, Z, Xiao, W, Xie, S, Xiong, R, Xin, G, Xu, N, Xu, W, Yan, Q, Yang, J, Yang, M, Ye, Q, Yi, H, Yu, Y, Yu, Z, Zeissler, S, Zhang, J, Zhang, Z, Zhang, M, Zheng, Z, Zhuang, H, Zhukov, V, Zichichi, A, Zuccon, P, and Zurbach, C
- Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE] ,Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,education ,Dark matter ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Electrons ,Cosmic ray ,ddc:500.2 ,Electron ,01 natural sciences ,and other elementary particle detectors ,cosmic ray detectors ,Nuclear physics ,Physics and Astronomy (all) ,Positron ,cosmic rays ,muon ,Neutrino ,0103 physical sciences ,Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer ,010306 general physics ,Anisotropy ,Physics ,Range (particle radiation) ,ta115 ,ta213 ,ta114 ,Cosmic rays, positron fraction, space experiments ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,[SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE] ,pion ,Observable ,energy spectra and interactions ,pion, and other elementary particle detectors ,ELECTRONS ,cosmic rays, dark matter ,Physics::Accelerator Physics ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,Composition - Abstract
A precision measurement by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station of the positron fraction in primary cosmic rays in the energy range from 0.5 to 350 GeV based on 6.8 x 10(6) positron and electron events is presented. The very accurate data show that the positron fraction is steadily increasing from 10 to similar to 250 GeV, but, from 20 to 250 GeV, the slope decreases by an order of magnitude. The positron fraction spectrum shows no fine structure, and the positron to electron ratio shows no observable anisotropy. Together, these features show the existence of new physical phenomena. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.141102
- Published
- 2013
32. Search for antihelium in cosmic rays
- Author
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Alcaraz, J., Alvisi, D., Alpat, B., Ambrosi, G., Anderhub, H., Ao, L., Arefiev, A., Azzarello, P., Babucci, E., Baldini, L., Basile, M., Barancourt, D., Barao, F., Barbier, G., Barreira, G., Battiston, R., Becker, R., Becker, U., Bellagamba, L., Béné, P., Berdugo, J., Berges, P., Bertucci, B., Biland, A., Bizzaglia, S., Blasko, S., Boella, G., Bourquin, M., Bruni, G., Buenerd, M., Burger, J.D., Burger, W.J., Cai, X.D., Cavalletti, R., Camps, C., Cannarsa, P., Capell, M., Casadei, D., Casaus, J., Castellini, G., Chang, Y.H., Chen, H.S., Chen, Z.G., Chernoplekov, N.A., Chiarini, A., Chiueh, T.H., Chuang, Y.L., Cindolo, F., Commichau, V., Contin, A., Cotta-Ramusino, A., Crespo, P., Cristinziani, M., daCunha, J.P., Dai, T.S., Deus, J.D., Ding, L.K., Dinu, N., Djambazov, L., D'Antone, I., Dong, Z.R., Emonet, P., Eppling, F.J., Eronen, T., Esposito, G., Extermann, P., Favier, J., Feng, C.C., Fiandrini, E., Finelli, F., Fisher, P.H., Flaminio, R., Fluegge, G., Fouque, N., Galaktionov, Yu., Gervasi, M., Giusti, P., Gu, W.Q., Guzik, T.G., Hangarter, K., Hasan, A., Hermel, V., Hofer, H., Huang, M.A., Hungerford, W., Ionica, M., Ionica, R., Isbert, J., Jongmanns, M., Karpinski, W., Kenney, G., Kenny, J., Kim, W., Klimentov, A., Krieger, J., Kossakowski, R., Koutsenko, V., Laborie, G., Laitinen, T., Lamanna, G., Laurenti, G., Lebedev, A., Lee, S.C., Levi, G., Levtchenko, P., Li, T.P., Liu, C.L., Liu, H.T., Lolli, M., Lopes, I., Lu, G., Lu, Y.S., Lübelsmeyer, K., Luckey, D., Lustermann, W., Maehlum, G., Maña, C., Margotti, A., Massera, F., Mayet, F., McNeil, R.R., Meillon, B., Menichelli, M., Mezzanotte, F., Mezzenga, R., Mihul, A., Molinari, G., Mourao, A., Mujunen, A., Palmonari, F., Pancaldi, G., Papi, A., Park, I.H., Pauluzzi, M., Pauss, F., Perrin, E., Pesci, A., Pevsner, A., Pilastrini, R., Pimenta, M., Plyaskin, V., Pojidaev, V., Postema, H., Prati, E., Produit, N., Rancoita, P.G., Rapin, D., Raupach, F., Recupero, S., Ren, D., Ren, Z., Ribordy, M., Richeux, J.P., Riihonen, E., Ritakari, J., Roeser, U., Roissin, C., Sagdeev, R., Santos, D., Sartorelli, G., SchultzvonDratzig, A., Schwering, G., Shoutko, V., Shoumilov, E., Siedling, R., Son, D., Song, T., Steuer, M., Sun, G.S., Suter, H., Tang, X.W., Ting, Samuel C.C., Ting, S.M., Tenbusch, F., Torromeo, G., Torsti, J., Trümper, J., Ulbricht, J., Urpo, S., Usoskin, I., Valtonen, E., Vandenhirtz, J., Velikhov, E., Verlaat, B., Vetlitsky, I., Vezzu, F., Vialle, J.P., Viertel, G., Vité, D., VonGunten, H., WaldmeierWicki, S., Wallraff, W., Wang, B.C., Wang, J.Z., Wang, Y.H., Wefel, J.P., Werner, E.A., Williams, C., Wu, S.X., Xia, P.C., Yan, J.L., Yan, L.G., Yang, C.G., Yang, M., Yeh, P., Zhang, H.Y., Zhao, D.X., Zhu, G.Y., Zhu, W.Z., Zhuang, H.L., and Zichichi, A.
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Kalman filter for updating the coefficients of regression models. A case study from an activated sludge waste-water treatment plant
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Teppola, Pekka, Mujunen, Satu-Pia, and Minkkinen, Pentti
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- 1999
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34. Adaptive Fuzzy C-Means clustering in process monitoring
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Teppola, Pekka, Mujunen, Satu-Pia, and Minkkinen, Pentti
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- 1999
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35. Multivariate data analysis of key pollutants in sewage samples: a case study
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Pantsar-Kallio, Mari, Mujunen, Satu-Pia, Hatzimihalis, George, Koutoufides, Paul, Minkkinen, Pentti, Wilkie, Philip J, and Connor, Michael A
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- 1999
- Full Text
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36. Isotopic Composition of Light Nuclei in Cosmic Rays: Results from AMS-01
- Author
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H. T. Liu, J. Ulbricht, P. Extermann, H. Hofer, G. Ambrosi, U. Becker, E. Perrin, C. Sbarra, W. J. Burger, F. J. Eppling, P. H. Fisher, S. M. Ting, M. Kraeber, Rui Miguel Faisca Rodrigues Pereira, Veronica Bindi, T. Kirn, M. Paniccia, C. dela Guia, A. Klimentov, Adrian Biland, M.W. Lee, M. Pimenta, Jouko Ritakari, Hui Zhang, S. Schael, I. D'Antone, D. Rapin, Sadakazu Haino, J. Casaus, Massimo Gervasi, Jungwook Shin, V. Plyaskin, P. Azzarello, F. Mayet, A. Schultz von Dratzig, D. Grandi, Andrea Contin, J.V. Allaby, L. Djambazov, Andrei Kounine, P. G. Rancoita, M. Pohl, B. Bertucci, Xiao-Dong Tang, J. P. Vialle, W.Z. Zhu, M. Capell, R. Siedling, Shih-Chang Lee, H. Park, L. Ao, J. Engelberg, M. Jongmanns, R. Kossakowski, H. von Gunten, D. Crespo, J. D. Burger, K. Lübelsmeyer, J. Alcaraz, K. Karlamaa, Yun-Young Choi, S. X. Wu, Eun-Suk Seo, T. S. Dai, S. Xu, Dawei Zhao, Federico Cindolo, Z.R. Dong, V. Shoutko, Joachim Trümper, Maria Ionica, Guohuai Zhu, V. Commichau, Z.P. Zhang, E. Shoumilov, E. Riihonen, A. Mihul, G.P. Barreira, M. J. Boschini, M. Ribordy, Tengfei Song, H. Anderhub, M. Duranti, U. Roeser, T. Siedenburg, H.F. Chen, M. Steuer, C. Delgado, Mao-Zhi Yang, Zhenghao Xu, A. Lebedev, Dong-Chul Son, H. Suter, G.S. Sun, A. Bartoloni, V. Koutsenko, Eino Valtonen, W. Wallraff, P.C. Xia, F. Spada, P. Saouter, J. Favier, Z. L. Ren, Waclaw Karpinski, X. D. Cai, Changgen Yang, I. Vetlitsky, W.H. Park, E. Cortina-Gil, G. Bruni, F. Palmonari, A. Pevsner, D. Vité, M. Buénerd, Tzihong Chiueh, S. R. Ro, S. Natale, G. Laurenti, S. Waldmeier Wicki, E. P. Velikhov, B. Zimmermann, R. Becker, Y. Galaktionov, Roald Z. Sagdeev, Ciaran Williams, Merja Tornikoski, J.L. Yan, Markus Cristinziani, J. J. Torsti, Antonino Zichichi, L. Bellagamba, K.S. Kim, A. Arefiev, F. Barao, R. R. McNeil, Jing Wang, G. Sartorelli, Nicola Tomassetti, P. Cannarsa, Y. H. Chang, T. Eronen, G. Kenney, M. Aguilar, Felicitas Pauss, V. Hermel, Werner Lustermann, Behcet Alpat, M. Basile, Z.G. Chen, G. Flügge, G. N. Kim, F. Spinella, M. Bourquin, H. L. Zhuang, J. Yang, You Zhou, Nicolas Produit, D. Luckey, F. Vezzu, G. Lu, C. Maña, C.H. Lin, Samuel C.C. Ting, Fabrizio Giulio Luca Pilo, G. Castellini, J. Vandenhirtz, D. Casadei, G. Laborie, P. Giusti, S. Di Falco, O. Grimm, Paolo Zuccon, A. Hasan, Mauro Menichelli, F. Giovacchini, G. Schwering, Daijin Kim, W.Q. Gu, F. Zhou, N. Fouque, I. Cernuda, E. Fiandrini, H. S. Chen, D. Santos, S. Urpo, G. Viertel, Luísa Arruda, G. Lamanna, K. Hangarter, Lucio Quadrani, B. Verlaat, P. Berges, Ari Mujunen, K. Wiik, J. Berdugo, G. Boella, N.A. Chernoplekov, Anselmo Margotti, W. Hungerford, Timo Laitinen, M. Pauluzzi, D. Ren, Giuseppe Levi, Lu Yuzhang, LinLi Yan, A.I. Oliva, V. Pojidaev, C. Lechanoine-Leluc, S.W. Ye, Roberto Battiston, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AMS, AGUILAR M., ALCARAZ J., ALLABY J., ALPAT B., AMBROSI G., ANDERHUB H., AO L., AREFIEV A., ARRUDA L., AZZARELLO P., BASILE M., BARAO F., BARREIRA G., BARTOLONI A., BATTISTON R., BECKER R., BECKER U., BELLAGAMBA L., BERDUGO J., BERGES P., BERTUCCI B., BILAND A., BINDI V., BOELLA G., BOSCHINI M., BOURQUIN M., BRUNI G., BUENERD M., BURGER JD., BURGER WJ., CAI XD., CANNARSA P., CAPELL M., CASADEI D., CASAUS J., CASTELLINI G., CERNUDA I., CHANG YH., CHEN HF., CHEN HS., CHEN ZG., CHERNOPLEKOV NA., CHIUEH TH., CHOI YY., CINDOLO F., COMMICHAU V., CONTIN A., CORTINA-GIL E., CRESPO D., CRISTINZIANI M., DAI TS., DELA GUIA C., DELGADO C., DI FALCO S., DJAMBAZOV L., D'ANTONE I., DONG ZR., DURANTI M., ENGELBERG J., EPPLING FJ., ERONEN T., EXTERMANN P., FAVIER J., FIANDRINI E., FISHER PH., FLUGGE G., FOUQUE N., GALAKTIONOV Y., GERVASI M., GIOVACCHINI F., GIUSTI P., GRANDI D., GRIMM O., GU WQ., HAINO S., HANGARTER K., HASAN A., HERMEL V., HOFER H., HUNGERFORD W., IONICA M., JONGMANNS M., KARLAMAA K., KARPINSKI W., KENNEY G., KIM DH., KIM GN., KIM KS., KIRN T., KLIMENTOV A., KOSSAKOWSKI R., KOUNINE A., KOUTSENKO V., KRAEBER M., LABORIE G., LAITINEN T., LAMANNA G., LAURENTI G., LEBEDEV A., LECHANOINE-LELUC C., LEE MW., LEE SC., LEVI G., LIN CH., LIU HT., LU G., LU YS., LUBELSMEYER K., LUCKEY D., LUSTERMANN W., MANA C., MARGOTTI A., MAYET F., MCNEIL RR., MENICHELLI M., MIHUL A., MUJUNEN A., NATALE S., OLIVA A., PALMONARI F., PANICCIA M., PARK HB., PARK WH., PAULUZZI M., PAUSS F., PEREIRA R., PERRIN E., PEVSNER A., PILO F., PIMENTA M., PLYASKIN V., POJIDAEV V., POHL M., PRODUIT N., QUADRANI L., RANCOITA PG., RAPIN D., REN D., REN Z., RIBORDY M., RIIHONEN E., RITAKARI J., RO S., ROESER U., SAGDEEV R., SANTOS D., SARTORELLI G., SAOUTER P., SBARRA C., SCHAEL S., VON DRATZIG AS., SCHWERING G., SEO ES., SHIN JW., SHOUMILOV E., SHOUTKO V., SIEDENBURG T., SIEDLING R., SON D., SONG T., SPADA FR., SPINELLA F., STEUER M., SUN GS., SUTER H., TANG XW., TING SCC., TING SM., TOMASSETTI N., TORNIKOSKI M., TORSTI J., TRUMPER J., ULBRICHT J., URPO S., VALTONEN E., VANDENHIRTZ J., VELIKHOV E., VERLAAT B., VETLITSKY I., VEZZU F., VIALLE JP., VIERTEL G., VITE D., VON GUNTEN H., WICKI SW., WALLRAFF W., WANG JZ., WIIK K., WILLIAMS C., WU SX., XIA PC., XU S., XU ZZ., YAN JL., YAN LG., YANG CG., YANG J., YANG M., YE SW., ZHANG HY., ZHANG ZP., ZHAO DX., ZHOU F., ZHOU Y., ZHU GY., ZHU WZ., ZHUANG HL., ZICHICHI A., ZIMMERMANN B., ZUCCON P, Aguilar, M, Alcaraz, J, Allaby, J, Alpat, B, Ambrosi, G, Anderhub, H, Ao, L, Arefiev, A, Arruda, L, Azzarello, P, Basile, M, Barao, F, Barreira, G, Bartoloni, A, Battiston, R, Becker, R, Becker, U, Bellagamba, L, Berdugo, J, Berges, P, Bertucci, B, Biland, A, Bindi, V, Boella, G, Boschini, M, Bourquin, M, Bruni, G, Buénerd, M, Burger, J, Burger, W, Cai, X, Cannarsa, P, Capell, M, Casadei, D, Casaus, J, Castellini, G, Cernuda, I, Chang, Y, Chen, H, Chen, Z, Chernoplekov, N, Chiueh, T, Choi, Y, Cindolo, F, Commichau, V, Contin, A, Cortina Gil, E, Crespo, D, Cristinziani, M, Dai, T, dela Guia, C, Delgado, C, Di Falco, S, Djambazov, L, D’Antone, I, Dong, Z, Duranti, M, Engelberg, J, Eppling, F, Eronen, T, Extermann, P, Favier, J, Fiandrini, E, Fisher, P, Flügge, G, Fouque, N, Galaktionov, Y, Gervasi, M, Giovacchini, F, Giusti, P, Grandi, D, Grimm, O, Gu, W, Haino, S, Hangarter, K, Hasan, A, Hermel, V, Hofer, H, Hungerford, W, Ionica, M, Jongmanns, M, Karlamaa, K, Karpinski, W, Kenney, G, Kim, D, Kim, G, Kim, K, Kirn, T, Klimentov, A, Kossakowski, R, Kounine, A, Koutsenko, V, Kraeber, M, Laborie, G, Laitinen, T, Lamanna, G, Laurenti, G, Lebedev, A, Lechanoine Leluc, C, Lee, M, Lee, S, Levi, G, Lin, C, Liu, H, Lu, G, Lu, Y, Lübelsmeyer, K, Luckey, D, Lustermann, W, Maña, C, Margotti, A, Mayet, F, Mcneil, R, Menichelli, M, Mihul, A, Mujunen, A, Natale, S, Oliva, A, Palmonari, F, Paniccia, M, Park, H, Park, W, Pauluzzi, M, Pauss, F, Pereira, R, Perrin, E, Pevsner, A, Pilo, F, Pimenta, M, Plyaskin, V, Pojidaev, V, Pohl, M, Produit, N, Quadrani, L, Rancoita, P, Rapin, D, Ren, D, Ren, Z, Ribordy, M, Riihonen, E, Ritakari, J, Ro, S, Roeser, U, Sagdeev, R, Santos, D, Sartorelli, G, Saouter, P, Sbarra, C, Schael, S, von Dratzig, A, Schwering, G, Seo, E, Shin, J, Shoumilov, E, Shoutko, V, Siedenburg, T, Siedling, R, Son, D, Song, T, Spada, F, Spinella, F, Steuer, M, Sun, G, Suter, H, Tang, X, Ting, S, Tomassetti, N, Tornikoski, M, Torsti, J, Trümper, J, Ulbricht, J, Urpo, S, Valtonen, E, Vandenhirtz, J, Velikhov, E, Verlaat, B, Vetlitsky, I, Vezzu, F, Vialle, J, Viertel, G, Vité, D, Von Gunten, H, Wicki, S, Wallraff, W, Wang, J, Wiik, K, Williams, C, Wu, S, Xia, P, Xu, S, Xu, Z, Yan, J, Yan, L, Yang, C, Yang, J, Yang, M, Ye, S, Zhang, H, Zhang, Z, Zhao, D, Zhou, F, Zhou, Y, Zhu, G, Zhu, W, Zhuang, H, Zichichi, A, Zimmermann, B, Zuccon, P, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Laboratory for Nuclear Science, Becker, R., Becker, Ulrich J., Berges, P., Burger, Joseph D., Cai, Xudong, Capell, Michael H., Dai, T. S., Eppling, Frederic J., Fisher, Peter H., Klimentov, A., Kounine, Andrei, Koutsenko, Vladimir, Lebedev, Alexei, Luckey, P. David, Jr., Shoutko, V., Siedenburg, T., Steuer, M., Ting, Samuel C. C., Wu. S. X., Xu, S., and Zhou, F.
- Subjects
Nuclear reaction ,Astrophysics and Astronomy ,[PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE] ,genetic structures ,Cosmic ray ,Isotopes of boron ,01 natural sciences ,High Energy Physics - Experiment ,Nuclear physics ,ACCELERATION OF PARTICLES ,ABUNDANCES ,Nucleosynthesis ,0103 physical sciences ,Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer ,[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex] ,acceleration of particles, cosmic rays, nuclear reactions, nucleosynthesis, abundances ,010303 astronomy & astrophysics ,Cosmic ray spallation ,Physics ,NUCLEAR REACTIONS ,NUCLEOSYNTHESIS ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,[SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE] ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,COSMIC RAYS ,FIS/01 - FISICA SPERIMENTALE ,Space and Planetary Science ,Isotopes of beryllium ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Heliosphere - Abstract
The variety of isotopes in cosmic rays allows us to study different aspects of the processes that cosmic rays undergo between the time they are produced and the time of their arrival in the heliosphere. In this paper, we present measurements of the isotopic ratios [superscript 2]H/[superscript 4]He, [superscript 3]He/[superscript 4]He, [superscript 6]Li/[superscript 7]Li, [superscript 7]Be/([superscript 9]Be+[superscript 10]Be), and [superscript 10]B/[superscript 11]B in the range 0.2-1.4 GeV of kinetic energy per nucleon. The measurements are based on the data collected by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer, AMS-01, during the STS-91 flight in 1998 June., United States. Dept. of Energy, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Published
- 2011
37. Water masers in the Saturnian system
- Author
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Guifré Molera, Moshe Elitzur, Jouko Ritakari, S. Pluchino, Minttu Uunila, E. Salerno, Jan Wagner, Giuseppe Maccaferri, Leonid I. Gurvits, Ari Mujunen, C. B. Cosmovici, Sergei Pogrebenko, I. M. Avruch, and Stelio Montebugnoli
- Subjects
Physics ,Solar System ,Spacecraft ,business.industry ,Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Astronomy ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics ,law.invention ,Astrobiology ,Radio telescope ,symbols.namesake ,Space and Planetary Science ,law ,Planet ,Physics::Space Physics ,symbols ,Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics ,Maser ,Enceladus ,business ,Titan (rocket family) ,Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics ,Water vapor - Abstract
Context. The presence of water has long been seen as a key condition for life in planetary environments. The Cassini spacecraft discovered water vapour in the Saturnian system by detecting absorption of UV emission from a background star. Investigating other possible manifestations of water is essential, one of which, provided physical conditions are suitable, is maser emission. Aims. We report detection of water maser emission at 22 GHz associated with several Kronian satellites using Earth-based radio telescopes. Methods. We searched for water maser emission in the Saturnian system in an observing campaign using the Metsahovi and Medicina radio telescopes. Spectral data were Doppler-corrected over orbital phase for the Saturnian satellites, yielding detections of water maser emission associated with the moons Hyperion, Titan, Enceladus, and Atlas. Results. The detection of Saturnian water molecules by remote astronomical observation can be combined with in situ spacecraft measurements to harmonise the physical model of the Saturnian system.
- Published
- 2009
38. Use of the Long Baseline Array in Australia for Precise Geodesy and Absolute Astrometry
- Author
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Alessandra Bertarini, Adam Deller, Sergei Pogrebenko, Ari Mujunen, Leonid Petrov, and Chris Phillips
- Subjects
Novel technique ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Geodetic datum ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,Astrometry ,Geodesy ,Space Physics (physics.space-ph) ,Geophysics (physics.geo-ph) ,Physics - Geophysics ,Radio telescope ,Physics - Space Physics ,Space and Planetary Science ,Very-long-baseline interferometry ,Baseline (configuration management) ,Geology - Abstract
We report the results of a successful 12 hour 22 GHz VLBI experiment using a heterogeneous network that includes radio telescopes of the Long Baseline Array (LBA) in Australia and several VLBI stations that regularly observe in geodetic VLBI campaigns. We have determined positions of three VLBI stations, ATCA-104, CEDUNA and MOPRA, with an accuracy of 4-30mm using a novel technique of data analysis. These stations have never before participated in geodetic experiments. We observed 105 radio sources, and amongst them 5 objects which have not previously been observed with VLBI. We have determined positions of these new sources with the accuracy of 2-5 mas. We make conclusion that the LBA network is capable of conducting absolute astrometry VLBI surveys with accuracy better than 5 mas., Published in Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia. 10 pages, 3 figures, 5 tables. Table 5 in a machine readable form is accessible in the source of this submission
- Published
- 2009
39. 147 GHz VLBI observations: Detection of 3C 273 and 3C 279 on the 3100 km baseline Metsähovi – Pico Veleta
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Thomas P. Krichbaum, S. Urpo, S. Navarro, D. A. Graham, P. Könönen, J. A. Zensus, K. Wiik, Albert Greve, J. Peltonen, John Conway, Michael Grewing, P. Sjöman, Roy Booth, Ari Mujunen, Jouko Ritakari, M. Berton, F. Rantakyro, D. John, and E. Oinaskallio
- Subjects
Physics ,Space and Planetary Science ,Baseline (sea) ,Brightness temperature ,Very-long-baseline interferometry ,Flux ,Astronomy ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,Astrophysics ,Lower limit - Abstract
We report a successful VLBI observation at 147 GHz (2.1 mm) on the 3 100 km long baseline between the telescopes at Metsahovi (Finland) and Pico Veleta (Spain). The sources 3C 273B and 3C 279 were detected with a SNR of∼10. For these sources we estimate that 25-30% of the total flux is detectable as correlated flux on the 3 100 km baseline, which gives at 147 GHz a lower limit of the brightness temperature of the inner VLBI jet region of ∼1×10 1 0 K.
- Published
- 2002
40. Agile Principles in the Embedded System Development
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Ville Rantala, Tapio Mujunen, Teijo Lehtonen, Tuomas Mäkilä, and Matti Kaisti
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Engineering ,Requirement ,Agile usability engineering ,Software_GENERAL ,business.industry ,Empirical process (process control model) ,Agile Unified Process ,computer.software_genre ,Extreme programming practices ,Embedded software ,Embedded system ,Systems engineering ,Lean software development ,Software engineering ,business ,computer ,Agile software development - Abstract
Agile manifesto with its four values and 12 principles provides widely accepted definition of agile. Agile methods have been actively used in software engineering and other fields are starting to utilize agile development methods as well. Embedded system development combines software, hardware and mechanical engineering activities and thus has some characteristics and constrains which are not found in pure software engineering. These constraints have earlier been described to be leading to some reinterpretation of agile practices. However, understanding how these constraints affect the applicability of agile philosophy in embedded domain has not yet been systematically analyzed. Here we will discuss about agile methods and its applicability in embedded system development through the 12 principles of agile manifesto. We aim to capture the philosophy of agile rather than only individual practices, by presenting redefined principles for embedded system development.
- Published
- 2014
41. Agile methods for embedded systems development - a literature review and a mapping study
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Kaisa Könnölä, Teijo Lehtonen, Sami Hyrynsalmi, Ville Rantala, Tapio Mujunen, Tuomas Mäkilä, and Matti Kaisti
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Agile usability engineering ,General Computer Science ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Agile Unified Process ,Embedded operating system ,Embedded software ,Control and Systems Engineering ,Systems development life cycle ,Embedded system ,New product development ,Avionics software ,business ,Computer Science(all) ,Agile software development - Abstract
There is a wide area of applications that use embedded systems, and the number of such systems keeps growing. The required functionality and complexity of embedded systems are also constantly increasing, and development of such products is becoming increasingly harder. This requires new thinking on the product development processes, and one such emerging philosophy is the agile methods. These methods were created by the software engineering community where they are commonly used. Since then, they have been adopted in embedded systems development; however, whether they can improve the embedded systems product development processes remains an open question. This study aims to bring forth what is known about agile methods in embedded systems development and to find out if agile practices are suitable in this domain and what evidence is there to support the findings. We conducted a literature review and a mapping study to answer these questions. The scope of this study is not only limited to embedded software development, but also to embedded hardware and integrated circuits. We have found that agile methods can be used in the embedded domain, but the methods and practices need to be adapted to suit the more constrained field of embedded product development. Furthermore, the field of embedded product development has wide diversity of products with different needs and domain-specific problems so that no single method is applicable, but rather many methods and practices are needed for different situations.
- Published
- 2013
42. High rate data link front end design and performance during Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer Space Shuttle flight, May 1998
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A. Mujunen and J. Engelberg
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High rate ,Physics ,business.industry ,Electrical engineering ,Aerospace Engineering ,Space Shuttle ,Ground support ,Front and back ends ,Data link ,Radio observatory ,Space and Planetary Science ,Antimatter ,Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Aerospace engineering ,business - Abstract
In June 1998, Metsahovi Radio Observatory participated in a 10-day shuttle mission, STS-91, ground support activity by receiving, archiving, and making available, the so-called High Rate Data (HRD) from Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS). The goal of this particle physics experiment project was to detect antimatter in space. Some aspects of the HRD link performance are discussed.
- Published
- 2000
43. Multivariate data analysis of key pollutants in sewage samples: a case study
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George Hatzimihalis, Pentti Minkkinen, Michael A. Connor, Mari Pantsar-Kallio, Philip J. Wilkie, Satu-Pia Mujunen, and Paul Koutoufides
- Subjects
Pollutant ,Multivariate statistics ,business.industry ,Chemistry ,0207 environmental engineering ,Environmental engineering ,Sewage ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,6. Clean water ,Analytical Chemistry ,Waste treatment ,Wastewater ,13. Climate action ,Environmental Chemistry ,Sewage treatment ,020701 environmental engineering ,business ,Effluent ,Spectroscopy ,Sludge ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
Waste water treatment plants often need detailed information about the sources and levels of pollutants in sewage in order to maintain stable process conditions and to achieve permitted levels for hazardous compounds in their effluents. A high content of pollutants is usually traceable to industrial inputs. In this study the main objective was to study the factors affecting the composition of sewage of domestic origin. Sixty-five domestic sewage samples collected during 9 months at eight different sites in Melbourne, Australia, were analyzed for 83 chemical variables. The data set also included two samples of combined domestic/industrial wastewaters, seven samples from waste water treatment plant influent streams and five domestic water supply samples. The data was studied with multivariate data analysis methods; principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares (PLS). With multivariate methods, effects of lifestyle of residents, day of the week and sampling time or weather on the pollutant levels could be determined.
- Published
- 1999
44. Adaptive Fuzzy C-Means clustering in process monitoring
- Author
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Pentti Minkkinen, Satu-Pia Mujunen, and Pekka Teppola
- Subjects
business.industry ,Computer science ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,Process (computing) ,Pattern recognition ,Work in process ,Fuzzy logic ,Computer Science Applications ,Analytical Chemistry ,Data set ,Test set ,Principal component analysis ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,Cluster analysis ,Spectroscopy ,Software ,Curse of dimensionality - Abstract
Quite often, quality control models fail because, e.g., the mean values are changing continuously. These kinds of changes, e.g., process drifts due to seasonal fluctuations, are common in an activated sludge waste-water treatment plant in Finland. Different Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) clustering algorithms were tested in order to cope with these kinds of seasonal effects. Firstly, a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) model was constructed in order to visualize the data set and reduce the dimensionality of the problem. Then, score values of the PCA were used in the FCM. The cluster centers represented the different process conditions (winter and summer seasons). Different algorithms were used to update the cluster centers or to give them some flexibility. The testing of different FCM algorithms was carried out by using a separate test set. The adaptive and the flexible FCM algorithms were compared to the basic non-adaptive FCM. For both cases, modifications are proposed and a simple strategy for updating the cluster centers is given.
- Published
- 1999
45. Kalman filter for updating the coefficients of regression models. A case study from an activated sludge waste-water treatment plant
- Author
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Satu-Pia Mujunen, Pekka Teppola, and Pentti Minkkinen
- Subjects
Process Chemistry and Technology ,Lag ,Regression analysis ,Kalman filter ,Function (mathematics) ,Computer Science Applications ,Analytical Chemistry ,Chemometrics ,Activated sludge ,Linear regression ,Econometrics ,Waste water treatment plant ,Biological system ,Spectroscopy ,Software ,Mathematics - Abstract
A Kalman filter was developed to overcome the problems caused by process drifting. Different types of models were used to predict response variables of an activated sludge waste-water treatment plant. These models were constructed using MLR, PCR, and PLS. The MLR-type regression coefficients were calculated for both the PCR and PLS models. After that, the Kalman filter was used to estimate these coefficients, recursively. Both the PCR and PLS `inner relation' coefficient vectors were also estimated in this way and the results were then compared. The effect of the number of variables was also briefly studied. The testing was carried out using sequential process data. The prediction ability was measured by a Q2-value as a function of a lag in the updating of the coefficients.
- Published
- 1999
46. Principal component analysis, contribution plots and feature weights in the monitoring of sequential process data from a paper machine's wet end
- Author
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Petri Pursiheimo, Pekka Teppola, Pentti Minkkinen, Timo Puijola, and Satu-Pia Mujunen
- Subjects
Mahalanobis distance ,Biplot ,Calibration (statistics) ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,Context (language use) ,computer.software_genre ,Computer Science Applications ,Analytical Chemistry ,symbols.namesake ,Bonferroni correction ,Feature (computer vision) ,Principal component analysis ,symbols ,Data mining ,computer ,Spectroscopy ,Software ,Parallel coordinates ,Mathematics - Abstract
Data collected from a paper mill using a WIC-100 process analyzer was divided into six classes, each representing a different kind of paper grade or quality. Each of the six classes were modeled separately by principal component analysis (PCA). The score values of the calibration data, together with the corresponding confidence limits and the trajectory of the current data, are used to visualize the state of the process. For each of the classes, two collective multivariate control charts have been used to describe the state of the process. The first one of these charts is calculated from the residuals and the second one is based on the Mahalanobis distance of the score values. Both of these charts can be traced back to the original variables. Multivariate control charts and biplots have been applied together with the contribution plots and the feature weights in order to detect any process problems and to isolate the deviating variables. The results have been verified by using parallel coordinates. These methods are useful in detecting and isolating the various types of changes that may occur in the wet end process of a paper machine. The concept of contribution map has also been introduced. In this context, Bonferroni bounds have been used as decision rules for plotting points (warnings) on the contribution map.
- Published
- 1998
47. Fifteen years monitoring of extragalactic radio sources at 22, 37 and 87 GHz
- Author
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H. Teräsranta, M. Tornikoski, A. Mujunen, K. Karlamaa, T. Valtonen, N. Henelius, S. Urpo, M. Lainela, T. Pursimo, K. Nilsson, S. Wiren, A. Lähteenmäki, M. Korpi, R. Rekola, P. Heinämäki, M. Hanski, P. Nurmi, K. Kokkonen, P. Keinänen, O. Joutsamo, J. Oksanen, H. Pietil, E. Valtaoja, M. Valtonen, and P. Könönen
- Subjects
Physics ,Active galactic nucleus ,Continuum (measurement) ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Astronomy ,Millimeter ,Quasar ,Astrophysics ,Data reduction - Abstract
Over 13600 continuum observations of extragalactic sources are presented. These observations of 157 sources at 22, 37 and 87 GHz more than doubles the millimeter observations of these sources. The data are between 1990.5 and 1995.5, and combined with our earlier published data they form a 15 year database.
- Published
- 1998
48. Flexible and transparent buffering of radio astronomy measurements: VLBI-streamer and Flexbuff
- Author
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Hirvisalo, Vesa, Mujunen, Ari, Perustieteiden korkeakoulu, Saikkonen, Heikki, Salminen, Tomi, Hirvisalo, Vesa, Mujunen, Ari, Perustieteiden korkeakoulu, Saikkonen, Heikki, and Salminen, Tomi
- Abstract
Radio astronomical data recording poses three challenges for its users: High volume, high bandwidth and large geographical distances. The solutions have been custom hardware and physical shipping of data sets. Performance of commercial off-the-shelf hardware for streaming data recording has been steadily improving and is starting to surpass the challenges. If the use of custom hardware can be dropped, the solution can benefit from successive hardware generations without added development efforts. This thesis will present VLBI-streamer software for simultaneous read and write data streaming and Flexbuff as the hardware housing this software. Volatile and non-volatile memory are used as pools of resources in a user space confined besteffort relaxed architecture. Since hardware will keep changing and it takes time, developers and money to port software to different hardware, VLBI-streamer was not bound to any specific hardware. VLBI-streamer will run on virtually any Linux-system with a few package requirements and was made modular to support different stream types (UDP/TCP/RDMA) and disk I/O backends. In this thesis Flexbuff combined with the software VLBI-streamer developed by the author is shown to be capable of 10 Gb/s and beyond recording and streaming, meeting current radio astronomical data recording needs., Radiotähtitieteellisten kokeiden nauhoittamisessa on kolme haastetta: Suuri datamäärä, korkea kaistanleveys ja suuret maantieteelliset etäisyydet. Ratkaisuna ovat ennen olleet räätälöidyt komponentit ja tallenteiden fyysinen lähetys. Helposti saatavilla olevien tietotekniikan yleiskomponenttien suorituskyky on noussut tasaisesti ja tallennuskyky alkaa lähestyä asetettuja haasteita. Jos räätälöidyistä komponenteista voidaan luopua, yleiskomponenteille tehdyt ohjelmistoratkaisut voisivat hyötyä jatkuvasti kehittyvistä komponenttisukupolvista ilman ylimääräistä ohjelmistokehityspanostusta. Tämä diplomityö esittelee VLBI-streamer ohjelman yhtaikaiseen datan tallennukseen ja lähetykseen, sekä Flexbuff komponenttimäärittelyn, jolla ohjelma ajetaan. Lyhyt- ja pitkäkestoisia muisteja käytetään varattavissa olevina resursseina käyttäjätilaan rajatussa, parhaan yrityksen arkkitehtuurissa. Koska fyysiset komponentit tulevat aina vaihtumaan, VLBI-streamer toteutettiin ilman siteitä mihinkään tiettyyn rautakomponenttiin, jolloin säästytään ylimääräiseltä ohjelmistokehitykseltä komponenttien vaihtuessa. VLBI-streamer on ajettavissa melkein millä tahansa Linux-järjestelmällä ja tarvitsee vain muutaman ulkoisen vapaasti saatavilla olevan ohjelmistokomponentin. VLBI-streamer on myös modulaarinen ja tukee erilaisia verkkoprotokollia (TCP/UDP/RDMA) ja kovalevytallennustekniikoita. Tässä diplomityössä Flexbuff ja kehittämäni VLBI-streamer osoitetaan pystyvän nauhoittamaan ja lähettämään yli 10Gb/s tietovirtoja, täten täyttäen nykyisten radiotähtitieteellisten kokeiden tarpeet.
- Published
- 2015
49. Modeling of activated sludge plants treatment efficiency with PLSR: a process analytical case study
- Author
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Pekka Teppola, Pentti Minkkinen, Riitta-Sisko Wirkkala, and Satu-Pia Mujunen
- Subjects
Empirical data ,Multivariate statistics ,business.industry ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,Pulp (paper) ,engineering.material ,Computer Science Applications ,Analytical Chemistry ,Activated sludge ,Wastewater ,engineering ,Environmental science ,Sludge bulking ,Process engineering ,business ,Control parameters ,Effluent ,Spectroscopy ,Software - Abstract
The most common waste water purification method within Finnish pulp and paper industry is activated sludge method. Activated sludge method is a complex biological process, where several physical, chemical, and microbiological mechanisms simultaneously affect the purification result. There are tens of processes and control parameters determined at the plants. However, the parameter sets do not include any parameters describing the special features of the industrial influent nor any parameters directly describing microbial composition of the sludge. Thus there seems to be an obvious need for new parameters. As a part of a cooperation project empirical data sets from three pulp and paper mills were studied with multivariate methods. The main interest was focused on the information covered by the presently measured process and control parameters and their capability to predict purification result or approaching bulking state. The descriptor variables for PLSR models were selected by using a forward stepwise procedure with cross-validation criteria. As conclusion of PLSR modeling, the parameters included most of the information needed to predict the approaching process drift, which was caused by sludge bulking. However, the models for purification efficiency or for effluent quality indicated an obvious lack of relevant information. The average purification result could still be predicted.
- Published
- 1998
50. A combined approach of partial least squares and fuzzy c-means clustering for the monitoring of an activated-sludge waste-water treatment plant
- Author
-
Pentti Minkkinen, Pekka Teppola, and Satu-Pia Mujunen
- Subjects
business.industry ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,Process (computing) ,Pattern recognition ,Object (computer science) ,Fuzzy logic ,Computer Science Applications ,Analytical Chemistry ,Chemometrics ,Activated sludge ,Partial least squares regression ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,Cluster analysis ,Spectroscopy ,Software ,Variable (mathematics) ,Mathematics - Abstract
In this paper, a combined approach of partial least squares (PLS) and fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering for the monitoring of an activated-sludge waste-water treatment plant is presented. Their properties are also investigated. Both methods were applied together in process monitoring. PLS was used for extracting the most useful information from the control and process variables in order to predict a response variable, namely the diluted sludge volume index. Score values were used in FCM, which utilizes the principle of an object belonging to several classes at the same time instead of just one class. The memberships of each of the classes are defined by the membership values. Corresponding membership plots were used to help in the interpretation of the score plots. Short-term changes were considered to be disturbances and long-term changes due to drifting.
- Published
- 1998
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