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You In the fiercely competitive landscape of the E-Commerce industry, the significance of Personalization cannot be overstated when it comes to retaining customers and bolstering revenue streams. Employing a recommendation system proves to be a highly efficacious strategy for achieving this personalization objective, as it furnishes users with pertinent product suggestions tailored to their preferences and behaviors. The focal point of this project is the development of a recommendation system tailored for an E-commerce platform, poised to elevate user experiences and amplify sales. Our methodology involves a comprehensive analysis of user data coupled with the application of machine learning algorithms, all aimed at refining and optimizing the recommendation engine. The findings from our project unveil a marked advancement in both user engagement and conversion rates. Rigorous testing has underscored the substantial efficacy of personalized recommendations in reinforcing the competitive edge of E-commerce platforms. As the demand for personalized interactions continues to rise among consumers, our system is dedicated to delivering a seamless and customized shopping experience, fostering customer loyalty, and propelling sustainable business growth.

This study aimed to develop and evaluate a niosomal formulation loaded with Plumbago zeylanica extract (PZE). The solvent evaporation method was used to prepare niosomes and optimized using the Box–Behnken design. The optimized formulation (PZE-Ns-Opt) was characterized for drug release, DPPH assay, α-amylase inhibition assay, α-glucosidase inhibition assay, and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) study. PZE-Ns-Opt showed a vesicle size of 253.6 nm, PDI of 0.108, entrapment efficiency of 62.4%, and drug release of 84.01%. The CLSM image of the rat's intestine suggested that the rhodamine red B-loaded PZE-Ns-Opts showed superior penetration compared to the control. Further, the antioxidant activity of the prepared formulation was exhibited as 89.46%±0.016 as compared to PZE (78.10%±0.005). In addition to this, α- amylase activity was inhibited by 95.11%±4.62, 85.88%±2.56, and 89.87%±3.65 by acarbose, PZE, and PZE-Ns-Opt, respectively. In comparison, the α-glucosidase activity was inhibited by 88.47%±1.04, 81.07%±0.50 and 85.78%±0.71 by acarbose, PZE, and PZE-Ns-Opt, respectively. To conclude, the development of PZE-Ns-Opt formulation and its characterization showed the establishment's authenticity. The in vitro antidiabetic, antioxidant studies expressed the protective effect from oxidative stress, CLSM of rat's intestine ability to penetrate to great extent and could be a promising candidate for the management of diabetes mellitus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Natural herbs have garnered significant research recently as their components target multiple disease signaling pathways, making them highly potential for various disease prevention and treatment. Embelin, a naturally occurring benzoquinone isolated from Embelia ribes, has shown promising biological activities such as antitumor, antidiabetic, anti-oxidant, and antimicrobial. Various mechanisms have been reported, including monitoring genes that synchronize the cell cycle, upregulating multiple anti-oxidant enzymes, suppressing genes that prevent cell death, influencing transcription factors, and preventing inflammatory biomarkers. However, the hydrophobic nature of embelin leads to poor absorption and limits its therapeutic potential. This review highlights a wide range of nanocarriers used as delivery systems for embelin, including polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, nanostructured lipid carriers, micelles, nanoemulsion, and metallic nanoparticles. These embelin nanomedicine formulations have been developed in preclinical studies as a possible treatment for many disorders and characterized using various in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Diabetic retinopathy is a severe complication of diabetes that can lead to vision loss due to the abnormal growth of blood vessels in the retina. This study investigates how two traditional medicinal plants, Solanum xanthocarpum and Plumbago zeylanica, might be used to treat this condition. We focused on identifying the active compounds in these plants and understanding how they interact with proteins related to diabetic retinopathy. Using advanced computer simulations, we found that these plant compounds effectively bind to and influence key proteins involved in the progression of the disease. Specifically, our research highlighted that compounds from Solanum xanthocarpum and Plumbago zeylanica could target several crucial pathways and proteins associated with diabetic retinopathy. These findings suggest that these plant-derived compounds have significant potential as therapeutic agents for diabetic retinopathy. By offering a new approach to treatment, this research could help improve the vision and overall quality of life of individuals suffering from this challenging condition. (1) Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major complication of diabetes, marked by abnormal angiogenesis, microaneurysms, and retinal hemorrhages. Traditional Ayurvedic medicine advocates multi-target strategies for DR management. However, the mechanisms by which Solanum xanthocarpum (SX) and Plumbago zeylanica (PZ) exert therapeutic effects are not well understood; (2) Methods: To investigate these mechanisms, we employed network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques. Phytochemicals from SX and PZ were identified using the IMPPAT database and Swiss Target Prediction tool. DR-related protein targets were sourced from the GeneCards database, and common targets were identified through Venn diagram analysis. STRING and Cytoscape were used to construct and analyze protein–protein interaction networks. Pathway enrichment was performed with Gene Ontology and KEGG databases; (3) Results: We identified 28 active phytoconstituents, targeting proteins such as EGFR, SRC, STAT3, AKT1, and HSP90AA1. Molecular docking and dynamics simulations confirmed the strong binding affinities of these compounds to their targets; (4) Conclusions: The study highlights the multi-target activity of SX and PZ, particularly in pathways related to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance and PI3K–AKT signaling. These findings provide valuable insights into their therapeutic potential for DR, suggesting the effective modulation of key molecular pathways involved in the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease that significantly impacts the quality of life of those affected. Owing to the complex pathophysiology of RA, it is not possible for any singular treatment to entirely impede the progression of the disease. Hence, the current study aimed to adopt a holistic and synergistic approach towards the management of RA by means of a co-delivery strategy involving methotrexate (MTH), a conventional slow-acting anti-rheumatic drug, and baicalin (BCN), a bioactive phytochemical using a transethosomal (TRS) gel formulation.Purpose: The present study aims to evaluate the potential benefits of administering MTH and BCN in nanoparticulate form, which may lead to improved stability and solubility, as well as enhanced penetration into the arthritic tissues of interest.Methods and results: The MTH-BCN-TRS that were synthesised exhibited small particle size of 151.3 nm and polydispersity index of 0.125, as well as a favourable zeta potential of −32.22 mV. Additional assessments were conducted, including a pharmacokinetic analysis, TEM, skin permeation analysis and confocal microscopy. According to the Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) study, the formulated MTH-BCN-TRS gel exhibited superior MTH and BCN permeation through the skin layers when compared to the MTH-BCN suspension gel. The MTT experiment on Raw 264.7 and SW982 cell lines revealed a considerable reduction (p <.05) in the IC50 value of the MTH-BCN-TRS formulation (9.2 mM and 43.2 mM, respectively) in comparison to the drug suspension. According to the findings of the in vivo study, it was found that the MTH-BCN-TRS gel exhibits significantly promising anti-arthritic properties when compared to the conventional diclofenac gel. This was demonstrated through histopathological studies and radiographic analysis. Furthermore, skin irritation investigation on Wistar albino rats confirmed that the formulated MTH-BCN-TRS is a safe option for topical treatment on the skin. The present study has confirmed that the formulated TRS vesicles are a valuable carrier for the transdermal delivery of MTH and BCN, which may be used for the management of rheumatoid arthritis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current work limns the preparation of naringin-loaded transnioosomes (NRN-TN) to enhance NRN solubility, permeation and bioavailability via nasal mucosa for intranasal delivery. NRN-TN was created by the thin-film hydration technique, and with the BBD (Box-Behnken design), optimisation was carried out. NRN-TNopt was characterised for the vesicle size, PDI (Polydispersity index), zeta potential, entrapment efficiency (EE) and in vitro NRN release. For further assessment, nasal permeation study, study of Blood-brain distribution, TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy), and CLSM (Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy) were conducted withal. The NRN-TNopt exhibited spherical as well as sealed vesicles with a considerable small size of 151.3 nm, an EE of 75.23 percent, a PDI of 0.1257, and an in vitro release of 83.32 percent. CLSM investigation revealed that the new formulation allows for higher NRN permeation across nasal mucosa than the NRN solution. The blood-brain distribution investigation revealed that intranasally administered NRN-TN had a greater Cmax and AUC0-24 h than orally administered NRN-TN. Seizure activity and neuromuscular coordination as measured by the rotarod test, biochemical estimate of oxidative stress indicators, and histological investigations demonstrated that the NRN-TN has superior anti-epileptic potential in comparison to the standard diazepam. In addition, nasal toxicity studies demonstrate that the NRN-TN formulation is safer for intranasal administration. This study confirmed that the created TN vesicle formulation is a valuable carrier for the intranasal administration of NRN for the treatment of epilepsy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The present research study limns the preparation of MNF loaded transethosomes (MNF-TE) to improve MNF solubility, bioavailability and permeation through skin layers for transdermal delivery. MNF-TE was formulated using thin-film hydration method and optimization was done using Box-Behnken design (BBD). MNF-TEopt was characterized for Polydispersity index (PDI), vesicle size, entrapment efficiency, zeta potential and in vitro MNF release. For further evaluation, Pharmacokinetic study, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Skin permeation study and Confocal scanning laser microscopy (CLSM) were performed withal. The MNF-TEopt presented spherical and sealed shape vesicles with small vesicle size of 148.6 nm, entrapment efficiency of 74.23%, PDI of 0.1139 and in vitro release of 65.32%. The CLSM study unveiled that the developed formulation has greater permeation of MNF across the skin layers in comparison with the MNF suspension gel. The pharmacokinetic study demonstrated Cmax and AUC0-24 h of 6.94 ± 0.51 μg/ml and 43.92 ± 7.90 μg.h/ml via transdermal route in comparison to Cmax and AUC0-24 h of 3.74 ± 1.91 μg/ml and 22.96 ± 9.76 μg.h/ml presented by MNF-TE oral administration. The in vivo study revealed that the MNF-TE gel has good anti-arthritic potential in comparison with the standard diclofenac gel which was evinced by radiographic analysis and histopathological studies. Further, skin irritation study on Wistar albino rats confirm that the developed MNF-TE formulation is safer for skin application. The current investigation corroborated that the prepared TE vesicle formulation is a treasured carrier for the MNF transdermal delivery for the management of rheumatoid arthritis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study delineates the development of a novel rugged and sensitive stability‐indicating risk‐based HPLC method for the concurrent estimation of methotrexate and mangiferin in dual drug‐loaded nanopharmaceuticals based on an analytical QbD approach. Preliminary screening trials along with systemic risk analysis were performed, endeavouring to explicate the critical method attributes, namely pH, percentage orthophosphoric acid content and percentage methanol content, that influence critical quality attributes. Box–Behnken design was utilized for the optimization of the tailing factor as response for methotrexate and mangiferin in short run time. The chromatographic conditions were optimized by performing 17 experimental runs acquired from Design‐Expert software. The chromatographic conditions after the analysis of an optimized zone within the confines of the design space were chosen as mobile phase water–methanol adjusted to pH 3.0 with 0.05% orthophosphoric acid (65:35, v/v) and flow rate 1.0 ml/min using a C18 analytical column at an isosbestic wavelength of 265 nm. Furthermore, the validation of the optimized method was done in accordance with International Conference on Harmonization guidelines and were reckoned to be in the prescribed limits. The developed RP‐HPLC method has a high degree of practical utility for synchronous detection of methotrexate and mangiferin in pharmaceutical nano‐dosage forms such as protein‐based‐nanoparticles, nanocrystals, polymeric nanoparticles and metallic nanoparticles in in vivo and in vitro studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Monascus purpureus copiously yields beneficial secondary metabolites , including Monascus pigments, which are broadly used as food additives, as a nitrite substitute in meat products, and as a colorant in the food industry. Monascus yellow pigments (monascin and ankaflavin) have shown potential antidiabetic, antibacterial, anti‐inflammatory, antidepressant, antibiotic, anticancer, and antiobesity activities. Cosmetic and textile industries are other areas where it has established its potential as a dye. This paper reviews the production methods of Monascus yellow pigments, biosynthesis of Monascus pigments from M. purpureus, factors affecting yellow pigment production during fermentation, and the pharmacological properties of monascin and ankaflavin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]