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The aim of this study was to determine of the effects of midazolam, ketamine and isoflurane anesthetic agents on tear production and intraocular pressure in rabbits. In this study twenty healthy (n=20) male white New Zealand rabbits (mean weight 2.20 ± 0.50 kg, age 16 weeks) were used. Anesthesia was performed intramuscular (IM) midazolam 3 mg/kg, and ketamine 30 mg/kg in group I. In second group (Group II), after midazolam and ketamine injections isoflurane 2% was used for general anesthesia. After anesthesia means intraocular pressure (IOP) decreased in both groups. Intraocular pressure in first group (Group I) was 10.3 ± 0.85 mmHg (right eyes), 11.4 ± 0.95 mmHg (left eyes) while it was 8.5 ± 0.85 mmHg (right eyes), 8.3 ± 0.85 mmHg (left eyes) n group II. The result of this study show that systemically used midazolam, ketamine and isoflurane anesthetic agents decrease IOP and tear secretion in rabbits.

OBJECTIVE To identify whether enteric bacteria pass into the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) and peritoneal cavity in calves with atresia coli and to evaluate whether the presence of bacterial translocation (BT) has an impact on the success of surgical treatment. DESIGN Prospective clinical study. ANIMALS Twenty-six client-owned calves. INTERVENTIONS During laparotomy, swab samples were collected from the peritoneal cavity and MLNs using a sterile swab stick and were submitted for microbiological analysis. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Bacterial cultures of swab samples revealed that 65% (n = 17) of the calves experienced BT. Of these, 14 calves experienced BT to the MLNs, 9 to the peritoneal cavity, and 5 to both regions. Of the bacteria isolated from the MLNs, 72% (n = 10) were Escherichia coli. Of the samples isolated from the peritoneal fluid, 33% (n = 3) contained E. coli and 33% (n = 3) contained E. coli + coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS). In calves with BT that were discharged (n = 13) and without BT that were discharged (n = 7), the median survival was 30 days; these data were found to be similar in the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that BT is observed in the majority of atresia coli cases. E. coli is more common in BT, and translocation occurs primarily through the lymphatic route. These results suggest that the presence of BT is closely related to the success of the operation for correction of atresia coli.

WOS: 000438898800006, The effects of zinc and aprotinin on fracture healing in experimentally induced fractures were investigated by means of histometric analyses and alkaline phosphatase histochemistry. Healthy 54 adult New Zealand White female rabbits were separated into three groups as control, zinc, and aprotinin treatment. The control animals did not receive any medicament; zinc sulphate was given orally to the rabbits in the Zn group for 15 days. Aprotinin was postoperatively infiltrated into the fracture area at the 3rd and 24th h following operation. Immobilization of fracture ends of all groups was similar throughout the experiment. The zinc administered group displayed the highest alkaline phosphatase positive cell level through the experiment. By day 30 after the operation, fibrocartilage and osseous tissues reached the highest levels in the zinc treated group. Based on the observation of augmented osseous tissue formation and increased alkaline phosphatase positive osteoblastic cell activity in the callus, it was conluded that Zn sulphate is a potent stimulator of bone formation by increasing mineralization in the fractured bone segments., University of Selcuk, Konya, Turkey [BAP-VF-111/2003], This work was supported by a grant from University of Selcuk, Konya, Turkey with project no: BAP-VF-111/2003.

Erol, Muharrem (Balikesir Author), Introduction: Clinical doses of anaesthetic agents were administered to rabbits and effects on the brain, heart, and liver were investigated biochemically and histopathologically. Material and Methods: The rabbits were randomly divided into three main groups (16 rabbits each) and each group into study (n = 8) and control (n = 8) groups. All study group rabbits received 3 mg/kg of midazolam (M) intramuscularly. Group 1.1 (M) received nothing further, group 2.1 (MK) also received 25 mg/kg of ketamine, and group 3.1 (MKI) besides ketamine was also given 2% isoflurane to induce anaesthesia for 30 min. NaCl solution in the same volume as midazolam and ketamine was injected into the controls. Results: In clinical evaluation significant differences were detected in respiratory and heart rates. In blood gas analysis the PO2 and PCO2 values showed statistical differences in anaesthesia intervals. Significant biochemical value changes were recorded in creatine kinase-Mb, glucose, and total protein. Histopathological liver examinations revealed higher total apoptotic and normal cell numbers in the MK than in the M and MKI groups. Apoptotic cell numbers were statistically significant in M and MK groups. Conclusion: Anaesthetic agents may increase programmed apoptosis. The MKI anaesthetics combination was found to cause less cell destruction in general than the other study groups. It was indicated that MKI was the safer anaesthetic combination in rabbits.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of right fossa paraiumbar colostomy on the survival rate of calves with atresia coli maintained under Anatolian farming conditions. The clinical diagnosis was confirmed by clinical findings, pain and contrast radiographic examination. In clinical and indirect radiographic examination, rectum and descending colon were seen as more constricted than usual. In surgery, the abdominal cavity was opened through a vertical incision from the right paraiumbar fossa. The blind end of the ascending colon was fixed to the abdominal wall in order to create a stoma. The postoperative course of the calves was obtained from the owners of the calves during a period of four months. It was learned that only one calf survived and the others died because of diarrhea within the four month period. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that although right fossa paraiumbar colostomy was successfully performed for type-II atresia coli, severe functional impairment and fluid imbalance due to the loss of an important fluid resorption resulted in the death of most calves that were kept under Anatolian farming conditions.

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a negative prognostic factor associated with increased morbidity and mortality in patients with dermatomyositis (DM). Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is a rare complication of DM and it can be fatal. We present a 48-year-old woman with DM and ILD complicated by pneumomediastinum without pneumothorax and subcutaneous emphysema.

Erol, Muharrem (Balikesir Author), Amaç: Bu çalışmada boynuz ve canlı tırnak lezyonu (BCTL) bulunan süt sığırlarında ökçe yastıklarının ultrasonografik olarak değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada, aynı beslenme ve barınak şartlarında bulunan ve ayak(ların) da BCTL'ye bağlı topallık bulunan, Holstein ırkı süt sığırlarına ait kadavra ayaklar kullanıldı. Toplam 30 adet süt sığırına ait 120 adet kadavra ayak (240 adet tırnak) çalışma materyalini oluşturdu. Kadavra ayaklar her bir grupta 6 adetsüt sığırına ait olmak üzere 5 gruba ayrıldı. Kadavra ayakların klinik muayenesinden sonra her bir tırnakta fonksiyonel tırnak kesimi yapıldı. Kadavra tırnaklarda fonksiyonel tırnak kesiminden sonra 7.5 MHz konveks prob ile ultrasonografik olarak ökçe yastığı ve taban kalınlıkları ölçülerek kaydedildi. Elde edilen sonuçlar istatistiki olarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Ökçe yastığı kalınlıkları değerlendirildiğinde, gruplar arası farklılıkların istatistiksel olarak önemli olmadığı (P>0.05) tespit edildi. Taban kalınlıkları arasındaki gruplar arası farklılıkların istatistiksel olarak önemli (P, Aim: In this study, ultrasonographic evaluation of digital cushion in dairy cows with claw horn lesion and corium lesion (CHLCL) was aimed. Materials and Methods: In the study, cadaveric feet from Holstein dairy cattle which had the same nutritional and housing conditions and lameness due to CHLCL were used as materials.A total of 240 claws of 30 dairy cows constituted the study material. The cadaveric feet divided into 5 groups,at its own to 6 dairy cows in each group. After the cadaver feet were subjected to clinical examination, functional claw trimming were made in each claw. Digital cushing and sole thickness was measured by ultrasonography using 7.5 MHz convex prob from axial of soleheel transition area and they were recorded. The results were evaluated statistically. Results: When digital cushion thicknesses were evaluated, it was found that differences between groups were not statistically (P>0.05) significant. The differences between the groups were statistically significant (P

WOS:000455820300004, PubMed ID: 30683024, Introduction: Sleep quality is known to be associated with the distressing symptoms of cancer. The purpose of this study was toanalyze the impact of cancer symptoms on insomnia and the prevalence of sleep-related problems reported by the patients with lung cancer in Turkey. Materials and Methods: Assesment of Palliative Care in Lung Cancer in Turkey (ASPECT) study, a prospective multicenter study conducted in Turkey with the participation of 26 centers and included all patients with lung cancer, was re-evaluated in terms of sleep problems, insomnia and possible association with the cancer symptoms. Demographic characteristics of patients and information about disease were recorded for each patient by physicians via face-to-face interviews, and using hospital records. Patients who have difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep (DIMS) is associated with daytime sleepiness/fatigue were diagnosed as having insomnia. Daytime sleepiness, fatigue and lung cancer symptoms were recorded and graded using the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale. Results: Among 1245 cases, 48.4% reported DIMS, 60.8% reported daytime sleepiness and 82.1% reported fatigue. The prevalence of insomnia was 44.7%. Female gender, patients with stage 3-4 disease, patients with metastases, with comorbidities, and with weight loss 5 kg had higher rates of insomnia. Also, patients with insomnia had significantly higher rates of pain, nausea, dyspnea, and anxiety. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that patients with moderate to severe pain and dyspnea and severe anxiety had 2-3 times higher rates of insomnia. Conclusion: In conclusion, our results showed a clear association between sleep disturbances and cancer symptoms. Because of that, adequate symptom control is essential to maintain sleep quality in patients with lung cancer., Giriş: Uyku kalitesinin, kanser semptomlarının şiddetiyle ilişkili olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de akciğer kanseri hastalarında uyku ile ilişkili sorunların prevalansı ve kanser semptomlarının insomnia üzerine etkisinin araştırılması amaçlandı. Materyal ve Metod: Türkiye’de 26 merkezin katılımıyla gerçekleştirilen, akciğer kanserli olguların dahil edildiği çok merkezli bir çalışma olan ASPECT çalışması verileri, bu hastalarda görülen uyku sorunları, insomni ve bunların kanser semptomları ile ilişkisi yönüyle yeniden değerlendirildi. Hastaların demografik özellikleri ve hastalıkları hakkında bilgi, hasta ile yüz yüze görüşülerek ve hastane kayıtları aracılığıyla derlendi. Uykuyu başlatma ve sürdürme zorluğu (DIMS) ile gündüz artmış uyku hali veya yorgunluk tanımlayan olgular insomni olarak değerlendirildi. Gündüz uyku hali, yorgunluk ve akciğer kanseri semptomları Edmonton Semptom Değerlendirme Skalası kullanılarak kaydedildi. Bulgular: Katılan 1245 olgunun, %48.4’ünde DIMS, %60.8’inde gündüz uyku hali ve %82.1’inde yorgunluk mevcuttu. Insomni prevalansı %44.7 olarak bulundu. Kadın cinsiyet, evre 3-4 hastalık, metastatik hastalık, komorbid hastalıklar ve kilo kaybı 5 kg olan olgularda insomnia oranı anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti. Diğer yandan insomnisi olan hastalarda ağrı, bulantı, dispne ve anksiyete semptomları anlamlı düzeyde yüksek bulundu. Multivariate lojistik regresyon analizi, orta ileri şiddetli ağrısı ve dispnesi olan, ayrıca ciddi anksiyetesi olan hastalarda insomni sıklığının 2-3 kat fazla olduğunu ortaya koydu. Sonuç: Çalışmamız, kanser semptomları ile uyku kalitesi arasında yakın bir ilişki olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Bu nedenle, akciğer kanserli hastalarda kaliteli bir uyku için, kanser semptomların yeterince kontrol edilmesi gereklidir.

To identify whether enteric bacteria pass into the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) and peritoneal cavity in calves with atresia coli and to evaluate whether the presence of bacterial translocation (BT) has an impact on the success of surgical treatment.Prospective clinical study.Twenty-six client-owned calves.During laparotomy, swab samples were collected from the peritoneal cavity and MLNs using a sterile swab stick and were submitted for microbiological analysis.Bacterial cultures of swab samples revealed that 65% (n = 17) of the calves experienced BT. Of these, 14 calves experienced BT to the MLNs, 9 to the peritoneal cavity, and 5 to both regions. Of the bacteria isolated from the MLNs, 72% (n = 10) were Escherichia coli. Of the samples isolated from the peritoneal fluid, 33% (n = 3) contained E. coli and 33% (n = 3) contained E. coli + coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS). In calves with BT that were discharged (n = 13) and without BT that were discharged (n = 7), the median survival was 30 days; these data were found to be similar in the 2 groups.This study revealed that BT is observed in the majority of atresia coli cases. E. coli is more common in BT, and translocation occurs primarily through the lymphatic route. These results suggest that the presence of BT is closely related to the success of the operation for correction of atresia coli.

WOS: 000391457100008, PubMed ID: 27780164, Objective: To investigate the symptoms of lung cancer in Turkey and to evaluate approaches to alleviate these symptoms. Subjects and Methods: This study included 1,245 lung cancer patients from 26 centers in Turkey. Demographic characteristics as well as information regarding the disease and treatments were obtained from medical records and patient interviews. Symptoms were evaluated using the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (ESAS) and were graded on a scale between 0 and 10 points. Data were compared using the. 2, Student t, and Mann-Whitney U tests. Potential predictors of symptoms were analyzed using logistic regression analysis. Results: The most common symptom was tiredness (n = 1,002; 82.1%), followed by dyspnea (n = 845; 69.3%), appetite loss (n = 801; 65.7%), pain (n = 798; 65.4%), drowsiness (n = 742; 60.8%), anxiety (n = 704; 57.7%), depression (n = 623; 51.1%), and nausea (n = 557; 45.5%). Of the 1,245 patients, 590 (48.4%) had difficulty in initiating or maintaining sleep. The symptoms were more severe in stages III and IV. Logistic regression analysis indicated a clear association between demographic characteristics and symptom distress, as well as between symptom distress (except nausea) and well-being. Overall, 804 (65.4%) patients used analgesics, 630 (51.5%) received treatment for dyspnea, 242 (19.8%) used enteral/parenteral nutrition, 132 (10.8%) used appetite stimulants, and 129 (10.6%) used anxiolytics/antidepressants. Of the 799 patients who received analgesics, 173 (21.7%) reported that their symptoms were under control, and also those on other various treatment modalities (dyspnea: 78/627 [12.4%], appetite stimulant: 25/132 [18.9%], and anxiolytics/antidepressants: 25/129 [19.4%]) reported that their symptoms were controlled. Conclusion: In this study, the symptoms progressed and became more severe in the advanced stages of lung cancer, and palliative treatment was insufficient in most of the patients in Turkey. (C) 2016 S. Karger AG, Basel

WOS: 000469349100005, The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of right fossa paralumbar colostomy on the survival rate of calves with atresia coli maintained under Anatolian farming conditions. The clinical diagnosis was confirmed by clinical findings, pain and contrast radiographic examination. In clinical and indirect radiographic examination, rectum and descending colon were seen as more constricted than usual. In surgery, the abdominal cavity was opened through a vertical incision from the right paralum bar fossa. The blind end of the ascending colon was fixed to the abdominal wall in order to create a stoma. The postoperative course of the calves was obtained from the owners of the calves during a period of four months. It was learned that only one calf survived and the others died because of diarrhea within the four month period. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that although right fossa paralumbar colostomy was successfully performed for type-II atresia coli, severe functional impairment and fluid imbalance due to the loss of an important fluid resorption resulted in the death of most calves that were kept under Anatolian farming conditions.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors are rare neoplasms to be thought to arise from mesenchymal cells of the gastrointestinal tract. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) of the esophagus are well documented but are very much rarer than gastrointestinal stromal tumors of the stomach and small bowel. We describe a case of GIST of the esophagus that was resected with wide surgical resection.

The study group consisted of ten foals, 3-6 months old, 6 male and 4 female, KWPN breed, with developmental orthopedic disease (DOD). The control group consisted of eight healthy foals. On clinical examination, lameness, swelling of joints, and pain were observed in all foals. Clinical, radiographic, and pathological findings in ten foals indicated DOD. Serum Cu concentrations in foals with DOD were significantly lower than in the control group (0.094 ± 0.011 mg/kg vs, 0.932 ± 0.068 mg/kg, respectively; P0.05), serum Ca levels (187.836 ± 7.921 μg/dL vs. 150.912 ± 5.271 μg/dL, respectively, P >0.05), and serum P levels (247.339 ± 10.729 μg/dL vs. 190.470 ± 5.775 μg/dL, respectively, P >0.05) were observed both in foals with DOD and in healthy foals. There were no statistically significant differences between the DOD group and the control group with respect to serum levels of Ca, P and Zn. We concluded that DOD is associated with reduced serum levels of Cu in foals. Copper is an important trace element for growing foals., Pokusna skupina sastojala se od 10 ždrjebadi s razvojnom ortopedskom bolešću, šest muške i četiri ženske, u dobi od tri do šest mjeseci, pasmine kraljevski nizozemski toplokrvnjak. Kontrolna skupina sastojala se od šest zdrave ždrjebadi. Sva je ždrjebad bila klinički pregledana na hromost, otekline zglobova i bol. Klinički, radiografski i patološki nalazi upućivali su na razvojnu ortopedsku bolest. Koncentracija bakra u ždrjebadi s razvojnom bolešću bila je značajno manja nego u ždrjebadi kontrolne skupine (0,094 ± 0,011 mg/kg u odnosu na 0,932 ± 0,068 mg/kg; P0,05, dok su serumske razine kalcija iznosile 187,836 ± 7,921 μg/dL u odnosu na 150,912 ± 5,271 μg/dL u kontrolne skupine, P>0,05, te razine fosfora 247,339 ± 10,729 μg/dL u pokusne u odnosu na 190,470 ± 5,775 μg/dL u kontrolne skupine, P>0,05. Nisu ustanovljene statistički značajne razlike između istraživane i kontrolne skupine s obzirom na razine Ca, P i Zn. Zaključuje se da je razvojna ortopedska bolest u ždrjebadi povezana s razinom Cu u serumu. Bakar je važan element za rast ždrjebadi.

WOS: 000288716800022, This study investigated the effects of postoperative pain following soft and hard tissue operations in dogs on Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone (ACTH) levels, dopamine levels, haemocoel values and blood gases. It also evaluated the results of the applied treatments. The study was carried out in 4 groups each comprising 6 dogs. Dogs in the 1st and 3rd groups underwent laparotomy and those in the 2nd and 4th groups underwent osteotomy. Carprofen (4.4 mg kg(-1)) (Rimadyl, Pfizer) was administered subcutaneously as an analgesic to the dogs in the 1st and 2nd groups following the operation. Venous blood samples were collected from the animals before the operation and in the subsequent hours to determine the ACTH and dopamine levels. In the postoperative period, ACTH and dopamine levels were significantly higher in the groups that underwent osteotomy than in the groups that underwent laparotomy (p, University of SelcukSelcuk University [2003/302], This study was summarised from a PhD thesis and supported by SUBAPK (The Coordination of Scientific Research Projects, University of Selcuk, Project No. 2003/302).

Background Function of the thoracic sympathetic chain (TSC) reportedly recovers after surgical clips are removed. Hence, this study was designed to study nerve regeneration after unclipping the TSC. Methods The bilateral TSCs of six goats were studied; the goats were separated into three groups (groups I, II, and III) during excision, clipping, and unclipping. During surgery, the TSCs were excised with a scalpel in group I and clipped in groups II and III. In group III, the clips were removed 1 month postoperatively and observed for possible nerve healing for 1 month. All TSCs were examined histologically following en block resection at 1 month postoperatively in groups I and II and at 2 months postoperatively in group III. Results Inflammation in nerve sections was noted following clip removal. Furthermore, there was significant degeneration and cell infiltration in the nerve fibers of the clipped regions. The Schwann cells around the peripheral nerve endings in the unclipped regions facilitated nerve transmission by reconstitution of myelin. Conclusion Clipping the TSC can cause histologic degeneration; however, histologic nerve regeneration occurs after unclipping.

Esophagogastric anastomotic leaks are the most feared surgical complications following resection of esophageal cancers. We aimed to develop a therapeutic algorithm for this complication characterized by high morbidity and mortality using our 20 years of experience and the published literature. A total of 354 patients who had undergone an esophagectomy and esophagogastric anastomosis due to esophageal carcinoma were evaluated retrospectively. The incidence for anastomotic leak was 15.5% (n = 90) in the cervical region and 4.2% (n = 264) in the thoracic region (mean: 7.1%). Cervical anastomotic leaks were detected after a mean period of 7.2 days following the procedure. Fourteen patients with cervical leaks were treated conservatively. Four out of 14 patients (28.6%) died due to sepsis and multi-organ failure related to fistula. Thoracic anastomotic leaks were detected after a mean period of 4.7 days following the procedure. Emergency reoperation, resection and reconstruction procedures were performed in one patient. Self-expanding metallic coated stents were placed at the anastomosis region in two patients. A more conservative approach was employed in other patients with thoracic anastomotic leaks. Six of them (46.2%) died due to fistula. General mortality rate was 37.0%, and the duration of hospitalization was 40.0 days for patients with anastomotic leaks. Cervical anastomotic leaks are more common than thoracic anastomotic leaks, but most of them are successfully treated with conservative approaches. Thoracic anastomotic leaks that in the past were related to high mortality rates despite conservative or surgical procedures might be successfully treated nowadays with the use of self-expanding metallic coated stents.

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Ozofagusun iyi huylu tumorleri nadir lezyonlardir. Leiyomiyomlar en sik gorulen iyi huylu ozofagus tumorleridir ve genellikle tek lezyon seklinde gorulurler. Ozofagus yassi hucreli karsinomu ile leiyomiyom birlikteligi cok daha nadirdir. Bu yazida son iki aydir suregelen kilo kaybi ve disfaji ile basvuran fizik muayene ve laboratuvar bulgulari normal olan, ancak histopatolojik incelemesinde ozofagus yassi hucreli karsinomu ile leiyomiyom birlikteligi tespit edilen 44 yasinda bir erkek olgu sunuldu. Anah tar soz cuk ler: Karsinom; ozofageal neoplazm; leiyomiyom. Benign tumors of the esophagus are rare lesions. Leiomyomata are the most common benign tumors of the esophagus and usually present with a single lesion. Coexistence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and leiomyoma are extremely rare. In this article, we present a 44-year-old male case who was admitted with weight loss and dysphagia with normal physical examination and laboratory findings, however, diagnosed with the coexistence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and leiomyoma, based on the histopathological examination.

Our aim was to show the effect of one-lung ventilation (OLV) on cerebral blood flow (CBF) by measuring carotid blood flow. This technique has been the subject of experimental and clinical studies. Materials and methods: Carotid doppler flows were measured at 4 different times. Peak systolic velocity (PSV) and end diastolic velocity (EDV) were measured and pulsatility index (PI) and resistive index (RI) calculated. Results: There were no significant changes in PSV, PI, RI, or flow volume in the normal or diseased sides at repeated measures (P > 0.05).There was no significant difference between the flow velocities, PIs, RIs, or flow volumes measured in the supine and decubitus positions during OLV. In addition, there was no significant difference between the flow parameters of the upper and lower carotids measured in the lateral decubitus position before and after OLV. There was no correlation between any of the flow parameters and duration of OLV. Conclusion: OLV poses no additional risk in terms of CBF. However, further studies, supported by biochemical parameters and involving wider patient groups, are now needed.

Aim: In this study, the efficacy and safety of cisplatin and etoposide (PE) combination in the adjuvant treatment of patients with resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was investigated. Material and Method: We retrospectively evaluated the medical charts of patients receiving adjuvant treatment for NSCLC at our center. Results: Forty-five patients were evaluated. The disease-free survival was 10 (1-114) months and the median overall survival was 18 (3-114) months. Discussion: Based on our limited experience, we concluded that PE regimen is safe and effective as adjuvant therapy for patients with NSCLC. &nbsp

Primary tumors of the tracheobronchial tree are rare, and benign tumors are even rarer. Patients with tracheobronchial tumors are at times wrongly diagnosed with asthma. A 77-year-old woman presented to our Emergency Department with increasing dyspnea and stridor. She had been treated for bronchial asthma for the last 7 years. Due to the presence of the stridor, a cervical soft tissue computed tomography scan was performed. It revealed a tracheal polyp at the level of the thyroidal isthmus. Polyp excision with rigid bronchoscopy was performed by a thoracic surgeon. This case demonstrates that intratracheal masses should be considered in patients with dyspnea and stridor or in patients with asthma refractory to usual treatment.

Objective: Sleeve resection with or without lung resection is a valid conservative operation for patients with benign or malignant tumors; it enables the preservation of lung parenchyma. The aim of this prospective randomized study was to compare complications, operating time, and bronchial healing between the techniques of interrupted and continuous suturing for bronchial anastomosis in dogs. Methods: Twenty adult mongrel dogs each weighing 18-22 kg (average: 20 kg) were divided into two groups according to the anastomosis technique performed: group A, interrupted suturing and group B, continuous suturing. Each group comprised of 10 dogs. Following right thoracotomy, sleeve resection of the right cranial lobe was performed in all dogs. Basic interrupted sutures using 4/0 Vicryl (Ethicon, USA) were used in group A, and continuous sutures were used in group B. Results: The median anastomosis time was 15.2 min (range: 13-21 min) in group A and 9.6 min (range: 8-13 min) in group B. In all dogs, the anastomosis line was resected via right pneumonectomy for histopathological investigation 1 month after sleeve resection. Histopathological examination revealed that the healing of the anastomosis was not affected by the suturing technique applied. One dog from each group died on the fourth postoperative day; Fisher's exact test, p = 0.763. Conclusions: Our research revealed that the healing of the anastomosis was not affected by the suturing technique performed.

PET-CT scan showed diffuse increased FDG uptake in the bone marrow in patient with pulmonary malignant fibrous histiocytoma who was referred to our clinic for preoperative staging. Recent chemotheraphy treatment, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor using was not there on patients medical history. Total leukocyte count was 51800/μL, with 92.1 % neutrophils, 0.7 % eosinophils, 4.3 % lymphocytes, and 2.8 % monocytes. Bone marrow biopsy was revealed a hypercellular marrow with no evidence of malignancy. It was diagnosed that diffuse bone marrow FDG uptake in our patient was due to leukemoid reaction.

Aim: To describe the clinical features of descending necrotizing mediastinitis (DNM) and to outline the diagnostic and therapeutic measures to be taken in its management. Materials and methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data from 13 patients with DNM treated between 2001 and 2012 in 2 tertiary care centers, together with their demographics, diagnostic methods, therapeutic interventions, and clinical outcomes. Results: The patients consisted of 10 males and 3 females, aged from 16 to 72 years (mean age: 44). Odontogenic and tonsillar infections were the probable sources of infection in the majority of cases. Computerized tomography is a crucial imaging modality in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with DNM. All patients underwent surgical treatment in addition to intravenous broad-spectrum antibiotics. Tube thoracostomy, mediastinal drainage, cervical drainage, and thoracotomy were the therapeutic measures utilized in these patients. Five patients were lost (38%) and 8 survived. Conclusion: DNM is a life-threatening condition that may originate from oropharyngeal infections. Emergency surgical intervention is mandatory in the management of DNM. The 2 most important survival factors are early surgical intervention and adequate drainage.

PURPOSE To prospectively determine whether the diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging is useful to distinguish between malignant and benign mediastinal lymph nodes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-five patients (14 women, 21 men; mean age 52 years) with 91 lymph nodes in the mediastinum detected by computed tomography underwent 1.5 Tesla (T) diffusion-weighted MR imaging before mediastinoscopy (n = 29) and mediastinotomy (n = 6). Diffusion-weighted MR images were acquired with a b factor of 50, and 400 s/mm(2) using single-shot echo-planar sequence. RESULTS Of the 35 patients, 18 had diagnosis of malignant tumor. Of the 18 patients with tumor, 8 had nonsmall cell carcinoma, and 10 had small cell carcinoma. Ninety-one mediastinal lymph nodes were detected in the 35 untreated patients: 19 were pathologically diagnosed as metastatic lymph nodes, and 72 lymph nodes were diagnosed as nonmetastatic lymph nodes, including 50 sarcoidosis, 14 reactive lymphoid hyperplasia, and 8 necrotizing granulamatous lymphadenitis. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was significantly lower in metastatic lymph nodes (1.012 +/- 0.025 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s; P < 0.0005) than in benign lymph nodes (1.511 +/- 0.075 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s). On the ADC map, malignant nodes showed hyperintense (n = 2, 10.52%), hypointense (n = 14, 73.68%), and mixed intensity (n = 3; 15.78%), whereas benign nodes showed hyperintense (n = 57; 79.16%), hypointense (n = 3; 41.6%), isointense (n = 6; 8.33%), and mixed intensity (n = 6; 8.33%). CONCLUSION Diffusion-weighted MR with ADC value and signal intensity can be useful in differentiation of malignant and benign mediastinal lymph nodes.

Although spontaneous pneumothorax is the most common problem seen by the thoracic surgeon, there is no universal agreement in its management. Thoracoscopic bullectomy is preferred to open bullectomy because of minimal trauma, less pain, early recovery and discharge with comparable results. Seventy thoracoscopic bullectomy and apical pleural abrasion in 65 patients with spontaneous pneumothorax were retrospectively reviewed. All but 8 (13%) patients were male with a mean age of 24 years (range 17-55). Only the patients who had a prolonged air leak (4 days), reccurence/bilateral pneumothorax occupational reasons and bilateral pneumothorax were the indications for surgical treatment. The patients who had conversion to open thoracotomy were not included in the study. Computerized tomography was performed in all cases prior to the surgery. Endo-GIA 45-60 mm (4.8) staplers (Auto Suture, Tyco, USA) were used for bullectomy using three port access. The apical pleural abrasion following thoracoscopic bullectomy was performed in all cases. One patient developed haematoma on the first postoperative day and underwent open thoracotomy and evacuation of the haematoma. The median hospital stay was 3 (1-11) days. Recurrent pneumothorax was observed in 5 (7.1%) patients. Although thoracoscopic bullectomy is an expensive procedure that requires experience, however reduced pain, shorter hospital stay and early recovery makes it preferred method in such cases.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic and prophylactic efficacy of imidocarb dipropionate (IMDP) against babesiosis and to determine specific antibodies against Babesia ovis in experimentally infected lambs. Thirty-six 6-month-old splenectomized lambs were used. The lambs were randomly divided into six groups with six animals each, and were intravenously inoculated with 50 mL B. ovis -infected erythrocytes as follows: group I (therapy group) was treated with IMDP (1.2 mg/kg body weight) starting on the day of onset of clinical signs of babesiosis after the inoculation; group II (untreated control animals) was not treated with any therapeutic treatment after the inoculation; groups III, IV, V and VI (prophylaxis groups) were administered IMDP (2.4 mg/kg body weight) 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks before the inoculation, respectively. The animals were housed in a tick-proof room with water and food ad libitum up to the 30th day post-inoculation (PI). The lambs were monitored from the first day PI by recording the manifestation of clinical disease, rectal temperature, and the degree of parasitaemia. All the lambs became infected with B. ovis , except five animals from group III, which were treated 1 week prior to experimental infection. Other animals showed signs of acute clinical babesiosis. The animals treated with IMDP (group I) were able to clear the parasite from the blood circulation after 48 h post-treatment. The recrudescence of B. ovis was observed in two lambs 7 days after treatment, and they were treated with the second similar dose of the drug. Six lambs (1, 1, 2 and 2 lambs in group III, IV, V and VI, respectively) from the prophylaxis groups died within 7–17 days after showing high parasitaemia and clinical symptoms of the disease. Regardless of the clinical symptoms, 83.30% and 66.66% of the lambs which were administered IMDP 1–2 and 3–4 weeks before, were determined to be protected against the virulent field strain of B. ovis .

Objective: To present a case of endobronchial metastasis from a seminoma mimicking a primary pulmonary mass on X-ray radiograph. Clinical Presentation and Intervention: A 27-year-old man presented with a 1-month history of hemoptysis. Thorax computerized tomography of the patient obtained at the level of the main right bronchi demonstrated a mass with a size of 7 × 6 cm and a peripheral lobulated nodule. Bronchoscopic examination showed narrowing and multiple nodules in the right upper and right intermediary lobar bronchi. Histopathological examination of bronchial biopsies and brushing confirmed endobronchial metastasis of the testicular seminoma. Conclusion: This case shows the prognostic significance of distinguishing endobronchial metastasis from primary lung carcinoma.