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This work includes green synthesis of magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs) by using Alstoniascholaris, which is indigenous to many countries such as China, Australia, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, and India. Its pharmacological activities include antidiabetic, antioxidant, anticancer, analgesic, antitussive, and anti-diarrheal activities. In this study, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of bio-inspired magnesium oxide nanoparticles, MgO NPs, were investigated. MgO NPs were prepared by using the leaf extract of Alstonia scholaris, followed by characterization using EDX, XRD, and SEM techniques. The crystallite size of magnesium oxide nanoparticles was 19.57 nm. XRD analysis confirmed the crystallinity and the purity of MgO NPs. Anti-inflammatory activity was carried out to observe inhibition of protein denaturation. Since the IC50 of MgO nanoparticles was lower than the standard, it was found to be more effective. IC50 values were compared, and results reveal that bioinspired MgO NPs undergo more scavenging of free radicals than standard (ascorbic acid) MgO NPs. These MgO nanoparticles are useful in cosmetics such as scrubs, moisturizers, and an active ingredient in microdermabrasion and in formulating effective drugs for maintaining the protein structure of the body, which will reduce inflammation.

In this study, a green synthesis strategy was used to construct CuO-GO-Ag nanocomposites (NCs) by using biological components of Fagonia arabica. Copper Oxide (CuO) nanoparticles and silver (Ag) nanoparticles were fabricated by using a plant extract of Fagonia arabica. Graphene oxide was synthesized by hummer’s method and hydrothermal approach. The characterization techniques used in this work were Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and ultra-violet visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis). As an innovative approach graphene oxide (GO) was firstly assorted with green synthesized CuO NPs and then Ag nanoparticles were incorporated to form amalgamated CuO-GO-Ag nanocomposite (NCs). The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of nanocomposite were examined. The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant ability of the nanocomposite were evaluated by UV-Visible spectroscopy. Results reveal that biologically synthesized CuO-GO-Ag NCs have high scavenging and inflammation reduction potential as compared to standards (ascorbic acid, diclofenac sodium). CuO-GO-Ag showed that scavenging efficiency for 0.3 mg/ml is 57.40% and for 0.5 mg/ml is 74.24% while scavenging efficiency for standard (ascorbic acid) is 44.22% for 0.3 mg/ml and 58.42% for 0.5 mg/ml. Likewise, CuO-GO-Ag nanocomposite showed a % inhibition value of 46.59 and 87.80 at 0.1 mg/ml and 0.5 mg/ml while diclofenac sodium showed a % inhibition value of 10.98 and 35.37 a similar concentration. Fagonia arabica seems to be a good source for acclimating the potential of NCs and nanoparticles toward different increased biological activities, according to the findings.