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Abstract Climate change has been drastically affecting cotton not only in Pakistan but also all over the world. Normally cotton is known as heat tolerant when compared with other crops, but if the high temperature occurs during flowering period the yield decreases significantly. Marker assisted gene pyramiding provides a sustainable solution to improve heat tolerance. A total of seven genotypes were developed by a series of crossing seven tolerant genotypes over the period of three years. Tolerant genotypes were selected by screening for important transcription factors (GHSP26, HSP3, HSFA2, DREB1A, HSP101, DREB2A, GhNAC2, HSPCB, GhWRKY41, TPS, GbMYB5, ANNAT8, GhMPK17, GhMKK1, GhMKK3, GhMPK2, HSC70, APX1 and GhPP2A1). The seven genotypes were evaluated under normal and heat stress in a multi-year trial. The traits related to heat tolerance, such as cell membrane stability, relative water content, excised leaf water loss, plant height, number of nodes, internodal length, number of buds, number of bolls and leaf area was observed under normal and heat stress conditions. The developed genotypes showed improvement in cell membrane stability and relative water content under heat stress. The genotypes [(VH-305×MNH-886)×MNH-1035)×NIAB-78)], [(MNH-1035×MNH-886)×MNH-886)×SM-431] and [(MNH-1035×MNH-886)×MNH-886)×SS-32] depicted heat tolerance and could be used as heat tolerant material for variety development in breeding programs.

Adaptation of timor deer at the Conservation Institution of PT Taman Satwa Semarang is formed through a learning and memory process. The presence of visitors stimulates the deer to walk towards the side of the pen even though it is resting. Drop in feeding by keepers in the morning, afternoon, and evening causes the deer to become more active during the day. This study aims to analyze frequency and duration of the daily behavior of timor deer on weekdays with few visitors and on weekends with lots of visitors. Behaviors observed include moving, feeding, resting, grooming, aggressive, eliminative, and reproductive behavior. This research was conducted for 30 days. The object used in this study was a population of 18 adult timor deer. The method used is scan sampling, data recording of daily behavior which includes duration and frequency are carried out periodically at 10-minute intervals. The collected data includes daily behavioral, type of feed, as well as temperature and humidity. Data analysis was performed using t-test at a significance level of 5%. The results showed that visitor activity between weekdays and weekends had a significant effect (p˂0.05) on moving, feeding, resting, grooming, aggressive, and reproductive behavior. The conclusion of this study was the most timor deer perform resting and reproductive behaviors on weekdays, while moving, eating, and social behavior are mostly carried out on weekend.

Abstract Over the past few years, the use of machine learning has gained considerable momentum in many industries, including exploration seismic. While supervised machine learning is increasingly being used in seismic data analysis, some obstacles hinder its widespread application. Seismic facies classification—a crucial aspect in this field—particularly faces challenges such as the selection of appropriate input attributes. Plethora of seismic attributes have been created over the years, and new ones are still coming out. Yet, several have been deemed redundant or geologically meaningless. In the context of machine learning, it is crucial to avoid these redundant and irrelevant attributes as they can result in overfitting, building unnecessary complex models, and prolonging computational time. The current study incorporates an attribute selection approach to seismic facies classification and evaluates the importance of several available seismic attributes. Two datasets from the AN Field and the Dangerous Grounds region offshore Malaysia were utilized. Several attribute selection techniques were evaluated, with most of them yielding perfect attribute subsets for the AN dataset. However, only the wrapper and embedded methods could produce optimal subsets for the more complex Dangerous Grounds dataset. In both datasets, distinguishing the targeted seismic facies was mainly dependent on amplitude, spectral, and gray-level co-occurrence matrix attributes. Furthermore, spectral magnitude components played a significant role in classifying the facies of the Dangerous Grounds broadband data. The study demonstrated the importance of attribute selection, established a workflow, and identified significant attributes that could enhance seismic facies classification in Malaysian basins and similar geologic settings.

This study examines the intricate dynamics of utilitarian browsing, hedonic browsing, electronic word of mouth (e-WOM), e-satisfaction, and e-loyalty across three generational cohorts –Millennials, Gen X, and Baby Boomers – in Indonesian online marketplaces. The research addresses the need to understand how different age groups engage with online platforms amidst technological advancements and emerging generational cohorts. A quantitative approach is employed to systematically investigate these phenomena. Data from a structured online survey of 962 respondents are analyzed using descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and correlation analysis. The majority of respondents (50.5%) belong to the Millennial generation, followed by Generation X (31.2%) and Baby Boomers (16.2%).The findings reveal significant differences in utilitarian browsing (F = 11.222, p < 0.001), hedonic browsing (F = 6.338, p = 0.002), e-WOM (F = 3.488, p = 0.031), e-satisfaction (F = 6.239, p = 0.002), and e-loyalty (F = 9.298, p < 0.001) across different generational groups. Notably, Millennials and Gen X exhibit higher levels of utilitarian and hedonic browsing, e-satisfaction, and e-loyalty compared to Baby Boomers, while e-WOM engagement remains consistent across all cohorts. These findings provide valuable insights for businesses operating in the Indonesian online marketplace, guiding targeted marketing strategies, enhancing user experiences, and fostering customer loyalty. The research emphasizes the importance of aligning marketing approaches with the distinct preferences and behaviors of different generational segments. Furthermore, it suggests avenues for future research, including exploring additional demographic variables and conducting longitudinal studies to track evolving consumer dynamics.

Abstract Without intervention, cardiac arrhythmias pose a risk of fatality. However, timely intervention can be challenging in environments where transporting a large, heavy defibrillator is impractical, or emergency surgery to implant cardiac stimulation devices is not feasible. Here, we introduce an injectable cardiac stimulator, a syringe loaded with a nanoparticle solution comprising a conductive polymer and a monomer that, upon injection, forms a conductive structure around the heart for cardiac stimulation. Following treatment, the electrode is cleared from the body, eliminating the need for surgical extraction. The mixture adheres to the beating heart in vivo without disrupting its normal rhythm. The electrofunctionalized injectable cardiac stimulator demonstrates a tissue-compatible Young’s modulus of 21 kPa and a high conductivity of 55 S/cm. The injected electrode facilitates electrocardiogram measurements, regulates heartbeat in vivo, and rectifies arrhythmia. Conductive functionality is maintained for five consecutive days, and no toxicity is observed at the organism, organ, or cellular levels.

Abstract Depression is a serious mental state that negatively impacts thoughts, feelings, and actions. Social media use is rapidly growing, with people expressing themselves in their regional languages. In Pakistan and India, many people use Roman Urdu on social media. This makes Roman Urdu important for predicting depression in these regions. However, previous studies show no significant contribution in predicting depression through Roman Urdu or in combination with structured languages like English. The study aims to create a Roman Urdu dataset to predict depression risk in dual languages [Roman Urdu (non‐structural language) + English (structural language)]. Two datasets were used: Roman Urdu data manually converted from English on Facebook, and English comments from Kaggle. These datasets were merged for the research experiments. Machine learning models, including Support Vector Machine (SVM), Support Vector Machine Radial Basis Function (SVM‐RBF), Random Forest (RF), and Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT), were tested. Depression risk was classified into not depressed, moderate, and severe. Experimental studies show that the SVM achieved the best result with anaccuracy of 0.84% compared to existing models. The presented study refines thearea of depression to predict the depression in Asian countries.

A 59-year-old immunocompetent male who initially presented with symptoms of stroke was found to have an incidental rim-enhancing lesion on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain. This discovery led to a lumbar puncture to analyze the cerebrospinal fluid, resulting in the diagnosis of cryptococcoma. The patient was subsequently managed with liposomal amphotericin B, followed by consolidation and maintenance therapy with fluconazole. The patient achieved a positive outcome, demonstrating the effectiveness of early diagnosis and targeted treatment. The rarity of cryptococcoma in immunocompetent individuals makes this case particularly unusual and noteworthy. It underscores the need for more extensive research to enable prompt diagnosis and effective management.

This study delves into the significant role of innovative work behavior among bankers in achieving competitive superiority and addressing contemporary business needs. It uncovers a research gap in understanding the influence of bankers’ innovative work behaviors and the factors driving these behaviors. This study proposes to examine ethical leadership’s direct and indirect effects on innovative work behavior through the mediating role of bankers’ resilience and the moderating role of a manager’s gender. The study collected perceptual cross-sectional data from employees across Thailand’s ten largest commercial banks via self-administered questionnaires, analyzing 960 responses using structural equation modeling. Anchored in social learning theory, the study’s regression analysis found significant positive effects of ethical leadership on bankers’ innovative work behavior (B = 0.197, p < 0.001), ethical leadership on bankers’ resilience (B = 0.388, p < 0.001), and bankers’ resilience on their innovative work behavior (B = 0.649, p < 0.001). Furthermore, it identified that bankers’ resilience mediates the relationship between ethical leadership and innovative work behavior (B = 0.240, p < 0.05), with the gender of leaders moderating the impact of ethical leadership on innovation. These findings suggest that banks can enhance their competitive edge by fostering ethical leadership and resilience, highlighting the strategic importance of these factors in promoting innovation within the banking sector.

Abstract Chrozophora sabulosa Kar. & Kir. is a biennial herbaceous plant that belongs to the Euphorbiaceae family and has medicinal properties. This research aimed to identify the genetic characteristics and phylogenetic position of the Chrozophora genus within the Euphorbiaceae family. The evolutionary position of the Chrozophora genus was previously unknown due to insufficient research. Therefore, to determine the evolutionary link between C. sabulosa and other related species, we conducted a study using the NGS Illumina platform to sequence the C. sabulosa chloroplast (cp.) genome. The study results showed that the genome was 156,488 bp in length. It had a quadripartite structure consisting of two inverted repeats (IRb and IRa) of 24,649-bp, separated by an 87,696-bp LSC region and a 19,494-bp SSC region. The CP genome contained 113 unique genes, including four rRNA genes, 30 tRNA genes, and 79 CDS genes. In the second copy of the inverted repeat, there were 18 duplicated genes. The C. sabulosa lacks the petD, petB, rpl2, and rps16 intron. The analysis of simple sequence repeats (SSRs) revealed 93 SSR loci of 22 types and 78 oligonucleotide repeats of four kinds. The phylogenetic investigation showed that the Chrozophora genus evolved paraphyletically from other members of the Euphorbiaceae family. To support the phylogenetic findings, we selected species from the Euphorbiaceae and Phyllanthaceae families to compare with C. sabulosa for Ks and Ka substitution rates, InDels investigation, IR contraction and expansion, and SNPs analysis. The results of these comparative studies align with the phylogenetic findings. We identified six highly polymorphic regions shared by both families, which could be used as molecular identifiers for the Chrozophora genus (rpl33-rps18, rps18-rpl20, rps15-ycf1, ndhG-ndhI, psaI-ycf4, petA-psbJ). The cp. genome sequence of C. sabulosa reveals the evolution of plastid sequences in Chrozophora species. This is the first time the cp. genome of a Chrozophora genus has been sequenced, serving as a foundation for future sequencing of other species within the Chrozophoreae tribe and facilitating in-depth taxonomic research. The results of this research will also aid in identifying new Chrozophora species.

Introduction: Sleep is a fundamental necessity for the human body, particularly for ensuring optimal brain function, and health science students are predisposed to experiencing lower-quality sleep than the general population. Aim: To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and awareness of health science students regarding the influence of sleep quality on the brain. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study included male and female students from diverse Colleges at King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, encompassing the College of Science and Health Professions, College of Medicine, College of Applied Medical Sciences, and College of Nursing. The study spanned one year, commencing in September 2022 and concluding in September 2023. It included 361 participants who completed a self-administered validated questionnaire. Participants were chosen through non probability consecutive sampling, and the questionnaire covered demographic characteristics, attitudes towards sleep quality, awareness of its importance, and knowledge of its impact on the brain. Data analysis encompassed descriptive statistics and inferential tests, including the Independent t-test, and Chi-square test with a significance level of p-value

The purpose of writing this development research is to develop PJOK teaching materials, interactive multimedia-based throwing material, articulate storyline for class VII students at MTs Negeri Tulungagung, presenting clarity, interest, convenience and usefulness of content as a medium for learning throwing movements which previously was done only when children wanted to move with limited study hours. limited. The "ADDIE" development research model uses five stages, analyzing, designing, developing, implementing and evaluating the results of the products that have been created. The research subjects for class VII students at MTs Negeri Tulungagung consisted of 15 students for small group trials, 180 for large group trials. Using questionnaires or questionnaires as instruments. The data analysis technique uses descriptive statistics with a quantitative descriptive approach. From the results of the trials that have been carried out, the accumulated percentage of the small group is 87% and the large group is 89% with a very feasible category. The conclusion obtained is that interactive multimedia throwing teaching materials for class VII students at MTs Negeri Tulungagung are suitable for use in the PJOK learning process.

Accurate water metering is essential for effective water management, especially for measured and equitable distribution of canal flows, most imperative in Pakistan. The inflows distributed through outlets must adhere to pre-designated levels, defined by Punjab Irrigation Department from head to tail. With recent channels lining, the outlets sanctioned flow are found changed requiring adjustments. Furthermore, there is lack of reliable mechanisms for continuous flow regulations, resulting in unmanaged distributions. The focus of the reported work was on precise and real-time discharge monitoring at outlets using a newly developed device utilizing Artificial Intelligence. During validation training, strong agreement was observed, and all evaluation parameters supported the device accuracy for measurements. In detailed studies of canal operations, the sanctioned discharges of individual outlets along selected distributaries were found significantly inequitable. Out of 162 outlets, 42 were suspended for being unmanaged, with tail users receiving ≤ 50% of their fair intakes. Additionally, there were instances of massive irrational supplies exceeding 200% of allocated discharges. The developed device has potential to accurately measure real-time discharges for managed distributions. Conclusively, the challenging task of fair and equity-based discharge allocations, in conjunction with Warabandi system, necessitates the reevaluation of the allocated flow quantity at each outlet. HIGHLIGHTS Artificial intelligence for integrated and sustainable irrigation.; Live and precise flow monitoring.; Efficient water policies.; Surface water managements.; Agriculture sustainability.;

Infectious disease is a particular type of disorder triggered by organisms and transmitted directly or indirectly from an infected one like COVID-19. The global economy and public health are immensely affected by COVID-19, a recently emerging infectious disease. Artificial Intelligence can be helpful to predict the severity rating of COVID-19 which assists authorities to take appropriate measures to mitigate its spread in different regions, hence it results in economic reopening and reduces the degree of mortality. In this paper, a hybrid contextual framework is proposed which incorporates content embedding of Standard Operating Procedure’s (SOPs) auxiliary description along with COVID-19 temporal features of the respective region as side information. The word embedding techniques are incorporated to generate distributed representation of SOPs auxiliary description. The higher representation of auxiliary description is obtained by utilizing content embedding and then combined with temporal features to build counties profiles. These county profiles are fed into a profile learner based on an ensemble algorithm to predict the severity level of COVID-19 in different regions. The proposed contextual framework is evaluated on public datasets provided by healthdata.gov and the National Centers for Environmental Information. A comparison of the proposed contextual framework with other state-of-the-art approaches has demonstrated its ability to accurately predict the severity level of COVID-19 in different regions.

Salinity poses a significant threat to the floral plants. Melatonin has emerged as a potential phytohormone to cope with the adverse effects of salinity on plants due to its multifaceted roles in regulating abiotic stresses. The current study aimed to investigate the impact of melatonin on pansy by modifications in physiological indices under salinity stress. Pansy plants were subjected to salinity stress (0, 50, and 100 mM NaCl) and melatonin (control, 50, and 100 µM). Salinity-induced oxidative stress was apparent through enhanced generation of toxic substances. However, melatonin supplementation improved chlorophyll ‘a’, chlorophyll ‘b’, total chlorophyll, glycine betaine (GB), superoxidase dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalases (CAT), and glutathione-reductase (GR), thus promoting improved growth under salinity. The activation of plant defense system and regulation of signaling molecules is indication of lessening of toxic substances within the plant cells. Current findings revealed that supplementation of melatonin enhanced pansy tolerance against salinity stress.

While adhering to the unique principle of Islamic value, Islamic banks are subject to any occurring crisis, just like other banks in common. After the end of the COVID-19 crisis, it is important to determine whether Islamic banking can demonstrate its resilience based on the unique values it upholds. Therefore, the primary objective of this study is to capture how Islamic banks performed during the unprecedented challenge posed by COVID-19. By utilizing the data generated from financial reports, this study employs the RGEC (Risk Profile, Good Corporate Governance, Earnings, and Capital) method that was introduced by Indonesia Central Bank and SCnP (Sharia Conformity and Profitability) measurement. The findings show that by utilizing RGEC, the study classifies Islamic banks into tiers of health, distinguishing 7 as very healthy, 5 as healthy, and 2 as fairly healthy. Meanwhile, SCnP sheds light on the balance between Sharia conformity and profitability, highlighting 2 Islamic banks with commendable equilibrium, 5 displaying a tilt towards high profitability and low conformity, 4 with a tendency towards Shariah conformity with low profitability, and 3 struggling with challenges in both aspects. The study concludes the overall financial resilience of the majority of Islamic banks in Indonesia during the pandemic while noting that some banks faced challenges in achieving a harmonious balance between profitability and Sharia conformity.

AbstractAnatomy education employs diverse teaching techniques worldwide, causing debates over the effectiveness of traditional versus newer methods. This study sought to investigate medical students’ preferences for teaching methods in their institutions and provide recommendations for an optimal anatomy education model. In this cross-sectional study, all Jeddah medical students were invited to participate in an online survey. The response rate reached 30%, with 430/1424 students partaking, and a sample size of 349 was established using non-probability convenience sampling. Students were questioned about the methods used at their institutions, and the significance they attributed to each method. Additionally, their agreement with specific statements was assessed. Among 430 responses, diversity of anatomy teaching methods was reported across institutions. While all methods were deemed important, there were slight disparities in preferences, with cadaver dissection being the most favored (86.2%). Conversely, plastic models were rated the least preferred (29.9%). The preferred comprehensive and practical approach to understand and memorize anatomy was combining two or more methods (29.8%). No significant association was observed between gender and the importance of any method (p > 0.05). Based on students’ perceptions, cadaver dissection is the most suitable approach for achieving important teaching goals in the field of anatomy. However, combining dissection with digital models is the most preferred method. We recommend that medical schools not limit the methods used in teaching anatomy and look toward choosing preferred methods.

Objective: To compare the frequency of SARS- CoV-2 infection between Sero-positive and Sero-negative healthcare workersafter 6 months in a tertiary care hospital. Study Design: Prospective Cohort study. Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital, Kohat Pakistan, from Aug 2020 to Jan 2021. Methodology: Two Hundred and eighty-eight healthcare workers were included by non-probability consecutive sampling. They were divided into two groups according to SARS-CoV-2 IgG-Ab status at baseline as sero-positive and sero-negative. They were followed for six months period and symptomatic healthcare workers were tested for SARS- CoV-2 infection by RT PCR. Individuals from all departments were included and used standard personal protective equipment. Results: Out of 288 Healthcare workers 240(83.33%) were male and 48(16.67%) were female. At baseline, 42(14.58%) individuals were sero-positive and 246(85.42%) were sero-negative for SARS-CoV-2 Ab. During 6 months of follow up 28(11.38%) symptomatic sero-negative Health Care Workers were tested positive for COVID-19 infection by RT PCR. None of the sero-positive Health Care Workers was tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Risk of infection was higher in sero-negative group (Odds ratio 1.19 with 95% CI; 1.13- 1.26). Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2Ab may offer immunity againstCOVID-19 infection as no infection was observed in sero-positive individuals as compared to 11.2% in sero-negative individuals.

ABSTRACT Background: Cupping therapy is a type of alternative medicine that is gaining popularity among people during last few years but the extent of its use and awareness of public towards it has not been widely studied. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the opinion and attitude about cupping therapy among general population of Karachi. Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study with ample size of 400 individuals from general population. Data was collected using non probability convenience sampling technique thru structured and selfadministered questionnaire from April to June 2013. Data was analyzed by using SPSS version 19. Results: Out of total study participants, 58% were females. Among them 48.7% said that they have used alternative medicine and out of them 23% opt for it as it is natural and effective. 59.6% of the respondent agreed that the cupping therapy helps in treatment; 59% said that it has fewer side effects and 57.8% said it is cost effective. Conclusion: There is increased public interest to know more about cupping therapy. A positive attitude towards cupping therapy was observed, yet most people are reluctant to discuss it with their physicians. Campaigns should be organized to increase the level of awareness towards the alternatives for treatment of ailments. KEY WORDS: Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Cupping Therapy, Awareness.

Abstract Background The inflammation plays a role in the pathophysiology of type‐2 diabetes progression, and the mechanism remains unclear. The systemic immune‐inflammation index (SII) is a novel inflammatory marker for type 2 diabetes patients and integrates multiple indicators in complete blood counts and routine blood tests. Aim Since there is no international diagnostic standard for dry eye disease (DED), this study uses low‐cost inflammatory blood biomarkers to investigate the correlation between SII and DM2–DED and determine the diagnosis indices of other biomarkers in DM2–DED. Methodology A case‐control retrospective analysis of totel patients n = 293 randomly selected and categorized into four groups: DED, DM2, DM2‐DED, and healthy subjects. Demographic and blood biomarker variables were classified as categorical and continuous variables. The platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocytes‐to‐lymphocyte ratio, neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and SII were calculated platelet count multiply by NLR and analyzed for their correlation for all groups. Results Focusing on DM2‐DED patients was more common in females, 59.6%, than in males, 40.2%. The mean ages were 60.7 ± 11.85 years, a statistically significant difference with all groups. In the study group DM2‐DED, there was an increase in all blood markers compared to all remaining groups except PLR. Only neutrophil, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and fasting blood sugar levels were statistically significant differences in DM2‐DED patients (p > 0.001, p

Abstract Background As a result of the failure of embryogenic kidney formation, a condition can occur where not a single kidney appears and this phenomenon is known as unilateral renal agenesis (URA). Both aplastic and dysplastic kidney are different from renal agenesis, atrophy and renal hypoplasia. However, from this case report it can be seen that there are similarities, both radiologically and macroscopically, between cases of unilateral renal aplasia and renal agenesis. Case presentation A 2 year old Javanese boy came to the health facility with complaints of recurrent fever and urinary tract symptoms such as dysuria and straining. Computerized Tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen and urography showed agenesis of the left kidney and a probable spina bifida. Cystourethrography examination was done and showed grade 5 voiding, then retrograde pyelography was performed with the diagnosis of unilateral renal agenesis was made because there was no visible left side collecting system even though there was a duplication in the left ureter. The next examination was carried out by histopathology and immunohistochemistry after resection of the left side of the ureter and the diagnosis increasingly pointed towards renal aplasia after primitive renal structures were found. Conclusions Renal agenesis and aplastic kidney are difficult to differentiate macroscopically and radiologically. Nevertheless, from this case report, we try to provide some interesting points to differentiate cases of unilateral renal agenesis from Renal Dysplasia which presents as unilateral renal aplasia.

The diversity of readers' responses in literary works is called reception aesthetics. This study aims to elucidate the readers’ response and the reception aesthetics towards the values of religious moderation in Serat Carub Kandha by Prince Linggabuana. Employing the research design of the synchronic experimental reception method, the data collection utilized note-taking and literature study techniques. It involved twenty respondents of Islamic university students as the readers. The data analysis technique used reader criteria assessment and Hans Robert Jauss' theory concerning the reader's experience of the novel, horizon of expectations, aesthetic distance, the spirit of the times, literary series, and literary history. The chosen manuscript was Serat Carub Kandha Pupuh Mijil as the fifth branch of the story. The results demonstrated that the noble value readers capture is in the form of religious moderation values. They are tolerance (tasamuh), neutral (tawassuth), uprightness (i’tidal), deliberation (al-shura), anti-violence (la' unf), and culture friendly (i'tibar al-'urf). These are manifested through respect for diversity and multicultural in the part of allowing residents to establish Islamic learning centers even though the Padjajaran kingdom practiced Buddhism. Notably, the wife of Prince Linggabuana, Dewi Subang Kranjang, embraced Islam, while his three sons secretly studied Islam with Sheikh Quro'. Keberagaman tanggapan atau respon pembaca pada karya sastra disebut estetika resepsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tanggapan dan estetika resepsi pembaca terhadap nilai-nilai moderasi beragama dalam Serat Carub Kandha karya Pangeran Linggabuana. Dengan memakai rancangan penelitian metode resepsi sinkronis eksperimental, pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik simak catat dan studi kepustakaan. Penelitian ini melibatkan dua puluh mahasiswa universitas Islam sebagai pembaca. Teknik analisis data menggunakan penilaian kriteria pembaca dan teori Hans Robert Jauss yang meliputi pengalaman pembaca terhadap novel, horizon harapan, jarak estetik, semangat zaman, rangkaian sastra dan sejarah sastra. Naskah yang dipilih yaitu Serat Carub Kandha Pupuh Mijil, yang merupakan cabang cerita yang kelima. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, nilai luhur yang bisa ditangkap pembaca berupa nilai-nilai moderasi beragama. Nilai tersebut meliputi tasamuh (toleransi), tawassuth (netral), i’tidal (lurus), al-shura (musyawarah), la' unf (anti kekerasan), dan i'tibar al-'urf (ramah budaya). Hal ini tercermin dalam penghormatan akan keberagaman dan multikultural pada bagian diperbolehkannya penduduk membangun pusat kegiatan belajar agama Islam meskipun kerajaan Padjajaran beragama Buddha. Bahkan istri Pangeran Linggabuana, Dewi Subang Kranjang beragama Islam, sementara ketiga putranya diam-diam mempelajari Islam kepada Syeikh Quro’

Background and Objective: Rohingya refugees are one of the most vulnerable population groups from any perspective, and that certainly includes their sexual and reproductive health and access to appropriate services. This review synthesizes SRH status and needs of Rohingya women of reproductive age, addressing their experiences in accessing services. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, this review employs quality assessment tools (Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, MMAT, Cochrane Risk of Bias). The search strategy will be comprehensive, spanning prominent databases such as PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus. Additionally, a diligent search will extend to gray literature, reference lists, and citations. Synthesis: Employing a narrative synthesis approach, the data synthesis will encompass three critical domains: the SRH status and needs of Rohingya women, the barriers encountered in accessing SRH services, and the effectiveness of existing SRH interventions. Results: The review seeks to provide valuable insights for policymakers and healthcare practitioners, offering a foundation for evidence-based strategies aimed at advancing SRH outcomes among Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh and similar Asian contexts. The review is registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023444386) for transparency and efficiency. Conclusion: Have been made to address the health and humanitarian needs of Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh, there is still limited knowledge about their SRH.

White clover (Trifolium repens L.) is an important forage and aesthetic plant species, but it is susceptible to drought and heat stress. The phytohormone auxin regulates several aspects of plant development and alleviates the effects of drought stress in plants, including white clover, by involving auxin/indole acetic acid (Aux/IAA) family genes. However, Aux/IAA genes and the underlying mechanism of auxin-mediated drought response remain elusive in white clover. To extend our understanding of the multiple functions of Aux/IAAs, the current study described the characterization of a member of the Aux/IAA family TrIAA27 of white clover. TrIAA27 protein had conserved the Aux/IAA family domain and shared high sequence similarity with the IAA27 gene of a closely related species and Arabidopsis. Expression of TrIAA27 was upregulated in response to heavy metal, drought, salt, NO, Ca2+, H2O2, Spm, ABA, and IAA treatments, while downregulated under cold stress in the roots and leaves of white clover. TrIAA27 protein was localized in the nucleus. Constitutive overexpression of TrIAA27 in Arabidopsis thaliana led to enhanced hypocotyl length, root length, plant height, leaf length and width, and fresh and dry weights under optimal and stress conditions. There was Improved photosynthesis activity, chlorophyll content, survival rate, relative water content, endogenous catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) concentration with a significantly lower electrolyte leakage percentage, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentration in overexpression lines compared to wild-type Arabidopsis under drought and salt stress conditions. Exposure to stress conditions resulted in relatively weaker roots and above-ground plant growth inhibition, enhanced endogenous levels of major antioxidant enzymes, which correlated well with lower lipid peroxidation, lower levels of reactive oxygen species, and reduced cell death in overexpression lines. The data of the current study demonstrated that TrIAA27 is involved in positively regulating plant growth and development and could be considered a potential target gene for further use, including the breeding of white clover for higher biomass with improved root architecture and tolerance to abiotic stress.

Optimized management of type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains a challenge not just because micro and microangiopathies’, chronic kidney disease, and infections related to poor cellular immunity. Methodology to manage T2DM remains in need for evolution to curb disease and help manage economy of diabetes care. Metformin remains the frontline soldier against T2DM. However, optimized and evidence-based use of metform for managing T2DM in clinics needs better molecular analytics to micro-precise medical management. We evaluated 353 manuscripts to finally shortlisted 45 reviews and RCTs using PRISMA guidelines from Google Scholar, PubMed and Cochrane Reviews. This systematic review attempted to identify the role of pharmacokinetic, pharmacogenomic, epigenetic and mitochondrial factors which can lead to sub-optimal diabetes management, metformin resistance and mutations which could lead to poor to no response to medicine. The most common mutations and polymorphisms in solute channels were observed to reduce the therapeutic efficacy/resistance

The increasing salinization of soils and resulting degradation of irrigated lands have directly affected 2.6 billion hectares of dryland agriculture worldwide. This phenomenon has led to significant qualitative and quantitative losses in crop production. The absorption and accumulation of ions adversely affect plants by disrupting photosynthetic machinery, damaging tissues, disturbing the ionic balance of cells, and inducing oxidative stress. Rhizobacteria-induced salinity tolerance is a promising tool in crop plants that works by modulating the plant metabolism. Among rhizobacteria, halotolerant plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) stand out as particularly significant because they can extend salinity tolerance in crop plants through various mechanisms, including secondary metabolite production, osmolyte accumulation, and modulation of plant metabolism via certain localized and systemic defense functions. Furthermore, the volatile organic compounds produced by PGPR play a vital role in salinity amelioration by regulating root ions uptake, promoting osmolyte related genes expression, reducing the level of oxidative stress markers such as electrolyte leakage, and maintaining endogenous hormonal levels. These novel salt-ameliorating mechanisms and their ability to improve plant fitness and enhance tolerance to salinized soils highlight halotolerant PGPR as eco-friendly and cost-effective tools for salt stress tolerance. This review focuses on elucidating the novel mechanisms used by halotolerant PGPR, their production of secondary metabolites under salinity stress, their application as bioinoculants for crop plants in salinized soils and the development of novel bioformulations for the bioremediation of agricultural soils facing salt stress-related challenges.

This study aims to develop ethnomathematics teaching materials through engklek with game-based learning on students’ creative thinking skills. Research and development using the ADDIE model which is modified into ADD (Analysis, Design, dan Develop) was carried out with data collection techniques were observation, questionnaires, and documentation, while the data analysis techniques were descriptive analysis. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that the feasibility score was 84.5% in the feasible category, the readability score was 81.5% in the very easy to understand category, and the student response score was 79% in the positive category. This study concludes that ethnomathematics teaching materials through engklek with game-based learning on students' creative thinking abilities are appropriate to be used as a medium for learning mathematics for students at the SMP/MTs level. The suggestions in this study are to develop better teaching materials and test their implementation on a wider scope in future research

Abstract An intelligent video surveillance system is crucial to enhance public safety, crime prevention, traffic, and crowd management in a smart city milieu. Situational awareness is an essential aspect of these surveillance systems and it is inferred through underlying context aware frameworks. However, these systems may not possess the ability to proactively disseminate the real‐time context among its sensor nodes. Moreover, in the specific conditions of occurrence of related or repeated events, these systems may also perform inefficiently through afresh context processing and disseminate cycles, without learning from the relevant context that has already been occurred and processed by the system. It leads to deteriorated performance, especially delay in reaction, overwhelmed processing, and energy expenditures. Therefore, to counter such issues, this research work proposes an energy efficient situational aware framework deployed in visual sensors network that is incorporated with context associative learning. System observes currently occurring context at each instance of an event. Overtime, context is refined and stored in context database. Such mechanism empowers the system to learn from previous experiences and develop relationship among the subsequent events that is embedded through this associative (adaptive) learning. Eventually, each event is processed through intelligent resource allocation, supported through mechanism of context learning that further illustrates the independent functions of reduced processing and improved (rapid) decision making resulting in evolution of energy efficient computing paradigm. Ultimately, the capability of learned reflex‐action is induced through introspectively evolved context of the system in entirety and against specific condition of recurred situation depicting minimum energy expenditure.

BACKGROUND: Problem-based learning (PBL) is a method of learning that has been adopted in different curricula of different disciplines for more than 30 years; the assessment of the students in PBL sessions in medical schools is fundamental to ensure students’ attainment of the expected outcomes of conducting PBL sessions and in providing the students with the feedback that help them to develop and encourage their learning. This study investigated the inter-rater reliability of the tutor assessment in assessing medical students’ performance in their PBL tutorial sessions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted in the College of Medicine (COM), in the academic year 2021–2022. The study involved ten raters (tutors) of two genders who assessed 33 students in three separate PBL tutorial sessions. The PBL sessions were prerecorded and shown to the 10 raters for their assessment of PBL sessions. RESULTS: This study showed that male raters gave higher scores to students compared with female raters. In addition, this investigation showed low inter-rater reliability and poor agreement among the raters in assessing students’ performance in PBL tutorial sessions. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that PBL tutor assessment should be reviewed and evaluated; this should be performed with consideration of using assessment domains and criteria of performance. Thus, we recommend that 360-degree assessment including tutor, self, and peer assessment should be used to provide effective feedback to students in PBL tutorial sessions.

Abstract Bioelectronics can potentially complement classical therapies in nonchronic treatments, such as immunotherapy and cancer. In addition to functionality, minimally invasive implantation methods and bioresorbable materials are central to nonchronic treatments. The latter avoids the need for surgical removal after disease relief. Self-organizing substrate-free organic electrodes meet these criteria and integrate seamlessly into dynamic biological systems in ways difficult for classical rigid solid-state electronics. Here we place bioresorbable electrodes with a brain-matched shear modulus—made from water-dispersed nanoparticles in the brain—in the targeted area using a capillary thinner than a human hair. Thereafter, we show that an optional auxiliary module grows dendrites from the installed conductive structure to seamlessly embed neurons and modify the electrode’s volume properties. We demonstrate that these soft electrodes set off a controlled cellular response in the brain when relaying external stimuli and that the biocompatible materials show no tissue damage after bioresorption. These findings encourage further investigation of temporary organic bioelectronics for nonchronic treatments assembled in vivo.

Abstract Prunus armeniaca gum is used as food additive and ethno medicinal purpose. Two empirical models response surface methodology and artificial neural network were used to search for optimized extraction parameters for gum extraction. A four-factor design was implemented for optimization of extraction process for maximum yield which was obtained under the optimized extraction parameter (temperature, pH, extraction time, and gum/water ratio). Micro and macro-elemental composition of gum was determined by using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy. Gum was evaluated for toxicological effect and pharmacological properties. The maximum predicted yield obtained by response surface methodology and artificial neural network was 30.44 and 30.70% which was very close to maximum experimental yield 30.23%. Laser induced breakdown spectroscopic spectra confirmed the presence Calcium, Potassium, Magnesium, Sodium, Lithium, Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen and Oxygen. Acute oral toxicity study showed that gum is non-toxic up to 2000 mg/Kg body weight in rabbits, accompanied by high cytotoxic effects of gum against HepG2 and MCF-7cells by MTT assay. Overall, Aqueous solution of gum showed various pharmacological activities with significant value of antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-nociceptive, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and thrombolytic activities. Thus, optimization of parameters using mathematical models cans offer better prediction and estimations with enhanced pharmacological properties of extracted components.

The measurements of thermal transport are complex to optimize from high temperatures; this is because increased thermal-management performance have typically been accompanied for the sake of applicability in thermal barriers and heat dissipation. In this manuscript, an investigation for the flow of Brinkman nanofluid is carried out in which shapes of nanoparticles are suspended in ethylene glycol and their thermophysical properties have been emphasized. In order to have an optimized heat and mass transfer, the mathematical modeling is traced out for temperature, concentration and velocity profiles through non-singularized fractional technique. The analytical solutions for temperature, concentration and velocity profiles have been derived by invoking integral transforms. Special analytical solutions have been traced out for Stoke's first and second problems by varying boundary conditions of the problem. The rheological parameters have shown the pertinent effects on the basis of numerical variations and similarities. The results suggested that velocity of ethylene glycol-alumina is slower than ethylene glycol-copper, ethylene glycol-gold and ethylene glycol-silver during non-magnetization process.

Objective: To compare Serum gamma-glutamyl transferase and serum C-reactive protein as biomarker of oxidative stress in patients of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Study Design: Comparative cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, department of Chemical Pathology and Endocrinology Rawalpindi. The duration of study was 6 months i.e., 17 Nov 2021 – 17 May 2022 after approval from Institutional Review Board FC-CHP21-12/Read-IRB/22/846. Materials and Methods: An analytical, cross-sectional research was carried out at Armed Forces Institute of Pathology Rawalpindi. An overall 300 diabetic patients were included between ages of 45 – 65 years. Group I had 100 nondiabetic individuals of 45 – 65 years of age with HbA1c < 5.7 %. Group II and III included 100 patients each of DM of matched age with HbA1c 6.5 – 7 % and greater than 7 % respectively, without any other chronic disease. Serum gamma-glutamyl transferase, HbA1c, Serum C-Reactive Protein were analyzed. Moreover, some more biochemical investigations such as serum liver enzymes were measured to rule out any liver disease. One-way ANOVA was followed up by post-hoc Tukey analysis for intergroup comparison. Results: Mean serum gamma-glutamyl transferase levels were markedly increased in group III patients followed by group II and normal in group I. The mean of serum gamma-glutamyl transferase in group I was (9.38+4.05U/l), group II (34.27+15.07 U/l) and group III (47.08+20.56 U/l). The mean of Serum C-Reactive Protein in group I was (11+6.02 mg/l), group II (62.07+ 26.94 mg/l) and group III (107.73+57.03 mg/l). Pearson correlation revealed prominent positive correlation between HbA1c, serum gamma-glutamyl transferase and Serum C-Reactive Protein with r value of serum gamma-glutamyl transferase (0.838367) and Serum C-Reactive Protein (0.684722). One-way ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey analysis had p value of < 0.05 which was statistically significant. Conclusion: Serum gamma-glutamyl transferase is better marker of oxidative stress in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus as compared to Serum C-Reactive Protein. The r value of serum gamma-glutamyl transferase is (0.838367) and Serum C-Reactive Protein is (0.684722) indicating strong positive correlation of serum gamma-glutamyl transferase with HbA1c. Therefore, Serum gamma-glutamyl transferase can be used for the prevention and monitoring of complications of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Kelor (Moringa oleifera) diketahui memiliki kandungan nutrien lengkap dan kaya antioksidan serta memiliki potensi sebagai aditif pakan untuk memperbaiki kinerja reproduksi puyuh. Ukuran anatomi, histomorfometri, dan profil histologi oviduk merupakan indikator yang digunakan untuk mengetahui kinerja reproduksi puyuh periode produksi. Riset ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk memberi analisis ukuran anatomi, histomorfometri, dan profil histologi oviduk puyuh periode produksi setelah diberi imbuhan aditif pakan tepung daun kelor. Desain riset ini dilakukan dengan acak lengkap yang meliputi 5 perlakuan, masing-masing perlakuan diulang 9 kali. Hewan uji yang digunakan adalah puyuh betina umur 20 hari yang berjumlah 45 ekor. Perlakuan terdiri atas P0 (kontrol) berupa pakan standar tidak diberi aditif pakan tepung kelor dan perlakuan aditif pakan tepung daun kelor dalam pakan standar, masing-masing dengan kadar 2,5% (P1); 5% (P2); 7,5% (P3) 10% (P4) per bobot pakan. Variabel penelitian yang diukur meliputi ukuran oviduk, antara lain bobot total oviduk, panjang oviduk, infundibulum, magnum, isthmus, uterus, vagina. Variabel histomorfometri, meliputi tebal lapisan muskularis, tinggi, dan lebar kelenjar mukosa magnum. Profil histologi oviduk meliputi gambaran lapisan muskularis dan mukosa magnum. Data hasil riset selanjutnya diolah dengan analisis variansi satu arah pada signifikansi 5% dan deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil riset yang diperoleh menyatakan imbuhan tepung M. oleifera tidak signifikan dalam mempengaruhi ukuran anatomo serta histomorfometri oviduk. Profil histologi oviduk menunjukkan aditif pakan Tepung daun M. oleifera dengan kadar 2,5% serta 5% berpotensi meningkatkan proliferasi sel, sedangkan pada kadar 7,5%, dan 10% berpotensi mempertahankan integritas seluler lapisan muskularis dan mukosa magnum. Riset ini mendapatkan kesimpulan bahwa aditif pakan tepung daun M. oleifera dapat digunakan sebagai aditif pakan untuk mempertahankan ukuran anatomi dan histomorfometri oviduk serta berpotensi meningkatkan proliferasi sel dan mempertahankan integritas seluler pada puyuh periode produksi.

Abstract Background Due to the 2019 Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) precaution, educational systems and learners’ practices from all specialties have been negatively affected, especially university students. COVID-19 has a massive effect on the practice of allied health students. The students’ hospital exposure has been severely affected by the cancelation of the clinical practice. This study aims to investigate the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on the clinical practice of respiratory therapy students in different universities around Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Methods Analytical cross-sectional online questionnaire was distributed from August 2021 to November 2021 to respiratory therapy students. The study’s sampling technique was non-probability consecutive, and the calculated sample size was 183 participants. The survey contained questions to identify the clinical exposure of the participants. The participants included RT students in their clinical training years from King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, and Batterjee Medical College in Jeddah. The survey evaluated the effects of the pandemic on students’ clinical practice, confidence and clinical preparation, and education. Results A total of 187 respiratory therapy students completed the questionnaire. The results revealed that 145 (77.5%) of respiratory therapy students agreed that the pandemic had disrupted their clinical practice. The percentage of respiratory therapy students who felt that they were less confident and less prepared for the next academic year due to practical session cancellation was 141 (75.4%). Out of the total students, 135 (72.2%) students reported difficulty in connecting the clinical and theoretical part because of the pandemic. Conclusion The majority of respiratory therapy students from the three universities similarly reported that the pandemic disrupted their practice and interfered with their ability to connect between clinical and theoretical part. Moreover, it had affected their confidence and preparedness for the next year.

Calotropis procera is a medicinal, traditional, and therapeutic plant in Pakistan. In this research study, the biological activities, for instance, anticancer, antileishmanial, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and brine shrimp lethality assay and GC-MS are studied. MTT assay, antileishmanial bioassay, microplate Alamar Blue assay, agar tube dilution method, oxidative burst assay using chemiluminescence technique, B-hatching techniques, and triple quadrupole acquisition method MS parameters were the methods used for anticancer, antileishmanial, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, brine shrimp lethality assay, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Whole plant methanol extract of Calotropis procera (WMECP) inhibited 69.1% of the growth of HeLa cell line with an IC50 value of 3.1 ± 0.4 and whole plant n-hexane fraction of Calotropis procera (WHFCP) and whole plant and aqueous fraction of Calotropis procera (WAFCP) inhibited the growth by 70.2% and 65.2% with IC50 values of 5.0 ± 0.3 and 17.1 ± 1.0. Whole plant methanol extract of Calotropis procera (WMECP) inhibited 70.1% of the growth of the PC3 cell line with an IC50 value of 5.1 ± 0.3 and whole plant n-hexane fraction of Calotropis procera (WHFCP) and whole plant aqueous fraction of Calotropis procera (WAFCP) inhibited 61.6% and 59.7% with IC50 values of 3.7 ± 0.5 and 16.4 ± 1.0. None of the extract and fractions of Calotropis procera showed anticancer activities against the 3T3 cell line. None of the extract and fractions of Calotropis procera showed antileishmanial, antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory activities. Whole plant methanol extract of Calotropis procera (WMECP) exhibited lethality at the highest concentration while other fractions did not exhibit lethality. GC-MS studies revealed that the whole plant methanol extract of Calotropis procera (WMECP) consists of 11 compounds, whole plant n-hexane fraction of Calotropis procera (WHFCP) consists of 9 compounds, and whole plant aqueous fraction of Calotropis procera (WAFCP) consists of 7 compounds.

Tooth flank fracture (TFF) and tooth interior fatigue fracture (TIFF) usually occur on case-harden gears in electromechanical coupling systems, both starting from the core caused by metal fatigue. The cracks propagate rapidly compared with the total life of a gear, so that it is necessary to detect and identify the faults in time when they take place in order to avoid danger. In this paper, the time-varying mesh stiffness model of two types of faults is established by the potential energy method and validating by the finite element method. Based on the stiffness model, the influence of faults on the electromechanical system and their fault characteristics are analyzed, which provides a theoretical basis for the health detection of electromechanical coupling systems. The results indicate that in the early stage of the three faults, i.e., tooth root fracture, tooth interior fatigue fracture, and tooth flank fracture, it is hard to discriminate the faults. But after the second stage, the faults can be distinguished by the vibration amplitude, frequency band components, and phase diagrams. The TFF can be discerned into different stages by frequency domains and phase diagrams. When the fracture occurs completely, three faults can be easily distinguished by the time domain and phase diagram. In the frequency domain, the TRF can also be distinguished from the other two faults by referring to the sideband component near the meshing frequency.

Background: The recent COVID vaccinations have successfully reduced death and severity but did not stop the transmission of viruses by the emerging SARS-CoV-2 strain. There is a need for better and long-lasting dynamic vaccines for numerous prevailing strains and the evolving SARS-CoV-2 virus, necessitating the development of broad-spectrum strains being used to stop infection by reducing the spread rate and re-infection. The spike (S) glycoprotein is one of the proteins expressed commonly in the early phases of SARS-CoV-2 infection. It has been identified as the most immunogenic protein of SARS-CoV-2. Methods: In this study, advanced bioinformatics techniques have been exploited to design the novel multi-epitope vaccine using conserved S protein portions from widespread strains of SARS-CoV-2 to predict B cell and T cell epitopes. These epitopes were selected based on toxicity, antigenicity score and immunogenicity. Epitope combinations were used to construct the maximum potent multi-epitope construct with potential immunogenic features. EAAAK, AAY, and GPGPG were used as linkers to construct epitopes. Results: The developed vaccine has shown positive results. After the chimeric vaccine construct was cloned into the PET28a (+) vector for expression screening in Escherichia coli, the potential expression of the construct was identified. Conclusion: The construct vaccine performed well in computer-based immune response simulation and covered a variety of allelic populations. These computational results are more helpful for further analysis of our contract vaccine, which can finally help control and prevent SARS-CoV-2 infections worldwide.

Objectives: To check the performance in the pre-analytical phase of testing in the clinical chemistry laboratory of a reference institute using five key performance indicators and to compare these indicators between the morning and night shifts to ascertain the most probable source of pre-analytical errors. Study Design: Comparative cross-sectional study Place and Duration of Study: Department of Chemical Pathology & Endocrinology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Apr to Sep 2021. Methodology: Defined key performance indicators (KPIs) were observed for a period of six months. The frequency and percentage of each KPI were calculated. Defects per Million were calculated for deriving Six Sigma (σ) values. KPIs were also compared between the morning and night shifts. Results: A total of 272,731 samples were observed in which 2306(0.84%) were found haemolysed (σ=3.5), 604 samples (0.22%) were not received in the Department due to various pre-analytic reasons (σ=4.0), 260 samples (0.09 %) were found having insufficient sample volume for analysis (σ=4.5), 181(0.06%) samples were found having improper/ wrong labelling or bar code errors (σ=4.5) and 161(0.05%) samples were delivered in wrong tubes (σ=4.5). KPI-1, KPI-2, and KPI-3 were found to be significantly higher during the night shift than the morning shift. Conclusion: Haemolysed samples and lost-not-received samples were the main causes of pre-analytical errors Key performance indicators aided as an instrument to screen and improve process execution in the laboratory.

This research is motivated by a needs analysis among teachers and students at SMK Negeri 4 Bandung. From the distribution of a needs analysis questionnaire in the class XII TOI-1, it was found that 85% of students expressed a strong need for a STEM-based IoT e-module, with a high level of agreement on its development. Similarly, it was revealed that teachers also strongly require a STEM-based IoT e-module, with 95% agreeing on its necessity. To develop the STEM-based IoT E-module, Flip Pdf Professional application was utilized. The aim of this research and development was to describe the process of developing the E-module and to understand the responses of teachers and students to the e-module. The research method employed was R&D (Research and Development) using the ADDIE model, which consists of five stages: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The result of this research was the successful development of a STEM-based IoT e-module through the ADDIE development model. The feedback from teachers reached 95.63%, falling into the "Very Good" category, and the feedback from students was 81.38%, also considered "Very Good." It was concluded that the use of the e-module facilitated easier understanding of the material and made the learning activities more engaging.

With the growing development of the knowledge economy in recent years, the value of knowledge workers has increased substantially. On the basis of the broaden-and-build theory (B&B theory) and conservation of resources (CoR) theory the aim of this research work is to evaluate the mediating effect of leader-member exchange (LMX) and organizational learning (OL) between servant leadership and knowledge innovative work behavior (IWB). Current study included the participation of 496 knowledge employees from China’s high-tech companies. The responses of the survey were analyzed using MPLS software while utilizing the structural equation modeling method. The findings validated the link between servant leadership (SL) and IWB. In the relationship between SL and IWB, LMX and OL mediated the relationship as parallel mediator. This study discovered a correlation between SL and OL and LMX. In addition, the findings signify that in the Chinese high-tech companies’ SL style augments IWB through the support of OL and LMX. The results of the study are useful for harnessing the leader and member for achieving organizational objectives through enhancing the innovative work behavior in the knowledge workers of Chinese high-tech companies.

Cotton is an important cash crop in addition to being a fiber commodity, and it plays an essential part in the economies of numerous nations. High temperature is the most critical element affecting its yield from fertilization to harvest. The optimal temperature for root formation is 30 C -35 °C; however, root development ends around 40 °C. Increased temperature, in particular, influences different biochemical and physiological processes associated with cotton plant, resulting in low seed cotton production. Many studies in various agroecological zones used various agronomic strategies and contemporary breeding techniques to reduce heat stress and improve cotton productivity. To attain desired traits, cotton breeders should investigate all potential possibilities, such as generating superior cultivars by traditional breeding, employing molecular techniques and transgenic methods, such as using genome editing techniques. The main objective of this review is to provide the recent information on the environmental factors, such as temperature, heat and drought, influence the growth and development, morphology and physio-chemical alteration associated with cotton. Furthermore, recent advancement in cotton breeding to combat the serious threat of drought and heat stress.

Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) healthcare application is a group of heterogeneous-natured Bio-Medical Sensor Nodes (BMSNs) used to sense and monitor a patient’s vital signs, in the long run, under natural physiological conditions, without affecting the regular activities. Heterogeneous-natured BMSNs demand prioritized channel access during contention access phases to transmit data or allocate time slots in contention-free phases. Thus, contention-based prioritization of heterogeneous traffic is required in WBANs. Therefore, many researchers have considered and presented various traffic-priority Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols. This paper provides a thematic review of contention-based traffic priority MAC protocols in WBANs. Slotted Carrier Sense Multiple Access / Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) scheme in beacon-enabled modes of IEEE 802.15.4 and IEEE 802.15.6 MACs is also analyzed regarding contention-based traffic prioritization. In addition, a critical and comparative analysis of existing contention-based traffic priority MAC protocols is obtained. A hierarchy of contention-based traffic priority MAC protocols is proposed. This review on contention-based traffic priority MAC protocols in WBANs extends the body of knowledge. This paper, therefore, serves as the first and enhances the concept of contention-based traffic prioritization at the MAC layer in WBANs. We have confidence that this paper will stimulate a better way of solving the contention-based traffic prioritization problem.

This research aims to determine the relationship between curiosity factors and device addiction with digital literacy motivation in the context of smart learning. This qualitative study involves a sample of 228 students majoring in Electronics Engineering Education at Universitas Negeri Padang. The data collection technique was carried out using a questionnaire with a Likert scale using the saturated sampling method. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis was used to evaluate the measurement model of the research questions. The results showed that digital literacy skills are influenced by three main factors: curiosity, gadget addiction, and app addiction. The findings offer valuable insights for curriculum development, especially in improving digital literacy among electronic engineering education students preparing to face the challenges of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 era.

Tradition is a custom that is carried out from generation to generation from ancestors. One of the traditions that until now maintained by the people of Java is the tradition of Nyadran. The Nyadran tradition carried out by most Javanese people has become an important part of life for the Javanese people as well as for the people in Sruwen Hamlet, Semarang Regency. This study aims to examine the viewpoint of Nyadran tradition that exists in the people of Sruwen Hamlet, Semarang Regency based on ethnoscience and the relationship of Nyadran tradition with environmental ethics. This study was designed in the form of descriptive-qualitative research. Data collection techniques used are observation techniques, interview techniques, and documentation techniques. The results of the study in the form of data interviews with three speakers in the hamlet Sruwen. Instruments. the questions presented consisted of nine questions that explore information related to the implementation of Nyadran and Nyadran’s relationship with protecting the environment. Based on research that has been done, it can be concluded that Nyadran tradition can be used as a medium of ethnoscience-based learning in science learning and there is a relationship between Nyadran tradition and environmental ethics.

The worldwide banking industry is currently undergoing a digital transformation. The innovative behavior of bank employees is a significant aspect of commercial banks’ future survival and development. One of the most significant resources for cultivating good employee behavior is leadership. As a response, this study examined how authentic leadership affects employees’ innovative behavior. The mediating role of cognitive crafting and hope between authentic leadership and innovative employee behavior was also investigated. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected from 610 Thai bank employees. The structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis findings revealed an association between authentic leadership and innovative employee behavior. According to the mediation analysis results, hope and cognitive crafting appeared to mediate the relationship between authentic leadership and innovative employee behavior. These findings may help develop leadership research in the field of innovation management. Thus, organizations should identify, cultivate, and support authentic leaders who can inspire innovative behavior among employees through cognitive crafting and hope.

Abstract Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease that is commonly seen in older people but often neglected due to its silent nature. To overcome the issue of osteoporosis in men and women, we proposed an advanced prediction model with the help of machine learning techniques which can help to identify the potential occurrence of this bone disease by its advanced screening tools. To achieve more reliable and accurate results, various machine‐learning techniques were applied to the presented data sets. Moreover, we also compared the performance of our results with other existing algorithms to solely focus on the advanced features of the proposed methodology. The two data sets, the clinical tests of patients in Taiwan and medical reports of postmenopausal women in Korea through Korean Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (2010–2011) were considered in this study. To predict bone disorders, we utilized the data about females and developed a system using artificial neural networks, support vector machines, and K‐nearest neighbor. To compare the performance of the model Area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve and other evaluation metrics were compared. The achieved results from all the algorithms and compared them with Osteoporosis Self‐Assessment Tool for Asians and the results were noticeably better and more reliable than existing systems due to the involvement of ML. Using machine learning techniques to predict these types of diseases is better because physicians and patients can take early action to prevent the consequences in advance.

Groundwater is a vital natural resource that plays a critical role in sustaining agriculture, forest ecosystems, industry, and household uses. However, due to natural and anthropogenic factors, groundwater is facing alarming declines. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the potential groundwater zones (PGWZ) in the north-eastern Bengal Basin of Bangladesh between 1990 and 2021 using satellite images, public and field data pertaining to ten environmental parameters. The study utilized analytical hierarchy process to identify PGWZ and evaluated the effectiveness of machine learning (ML) algorithms (K-nearest neighbors, support vector machine, XGBoost, decision tree, and random forest) for PGWZ classification. The findings indicated a decline in groundwater potential over the decades, which was categorized into five distinct zones based on the relative groundwater potential. The very high PGWZ decreased from 2.19% to 1.3%, and high PGWZ from 34.57% to 28.24%, while there was a sharp increase in the poor status of PGWZ (very low, low, and medium zones) over the same periods. The accuracy and kappa coefficients of the ground data validation for the estimated PGWZ map were 84.34% and 79.61%, respectively. According to accuracy, precision, recall, and f1-score, five ML models are reliable predictors of PGWZ. RF achieved the highest accuracy of 92.33%, while XGBoost achieved an accuracy of 90.31%. Both models demonstrated superior prediction performance for PGWZ based on the normalized leverage factor. The study attributes the alteration of groundwater potential to changes in land use and land covers, increased land surface temperatures, decreased rainfall, and changes in soil erosion in the study region over the three decades. The results of this study offer valuable insights for decision-makers to make informed decisions for the sustainable and responsible management of groundwater resources.