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This research examines the physical and chemical properties of the potential contamination of condenser cooling water (heat water) at the 2x7 MW West Sumbawa Steam Power Plant. Method’s this research is direct observation in the field. The determination of the sample point was done by purposive sampling. The results showed that the hot water had met the predetermined quality standards, namely a pH of 8.21, a temperature of 38.50C and a content of free chlorine (Cl2) of 0.03 mg / L. There was an increase in sea water temperature in a radius of 17 meters east and west by 80C from 280C to 360C. Direct discharge of hot water has the potential to pollute the marine prawn environment around the 2x7 MW West Sumbawa PLTU. From the results of the study, it was found that the temperature of the hot water had met the specified quality standard, which was 40oC, but direct disposal caused the sea water temperature to rise, exceeding the set sea water temperature quality standard of 320C and the temperature increase should not be more than 20C from the temperature. at first. The status of sea water quality due to the entry of hot water is determined using a pollution index. From the calculation results obtained PIj of 1.125 at the sample point Outfall 2, meaning that the sea water conditions at a radius of 17 meters are lightly polluted. As a form of control and prevention of pollution due to the entry of high temperature hot water, continuous monitoring is necessary and it is necessary to create a mixing pool between sea water and hot water before the heat is discharged into the sea.

This research aims to review the characteristic of the nature of electricity polymer material poly(3-hexylthiophene) P3HT against increasing efficiency solar cells based on dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). The testing sample has done electricity P3HT el-kahfi 100/ I-V meter. The optical properties use spectrophotometer UV visible 1601 PC and characterizing IV DSSC use Keithley 2600 a type. The absorbance of P3HT polymer 1% has an absorption peak in the wavelength range of 300-650 nm. Thus the P3HT polymer material can absorb light in the visible wavelength range. The electrical properties of P3HT 1% indicate that the material has a response to light. In bright conditions, P3HT 1% shows a conductivity of 3.7x10-3Ω-1m-1 and in dark conditions 2.2x10-3Ω-1m-1. Meanwhile, Pt (Hexacloroplatinic IV) Platina as the opposing electrode can improve the performance of DSSC, which is because Pt (Hexacloroplatinic IV) functions as a catalyst to accelerate the redox reaction with electrolytes. The use of P3HT 1% can improve DSSC performance. DSSC using 1% P3HT and using Pt (Hexacloroplatinic IV) as the opposing electrode produced an efficiency value of 1.8x10-2%.

Energi yang berasal dari fosil semakin berkurang dan tidak dapat diperbaharui. Oleh karena itu banyak para ahli mencari alternatif lain untuk menciptakan energi baru yang bersifat renewable, dan Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) merupakan salah satunya. Pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Mengetahui karakterisasi sifat kelistrikan material Dye Cellosia Argentum .Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Material FMIPA UNS. Uji absorbansi menggunakan Spectrophotometer UV Visible 1601 PC dan Uji arus dan tegangan (I-V) menggunakan kethlay. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa beberapa bahan pewarna alami dari ekstraksi bahan organik alam memiliki spektrum absorbansi kisaran 300-800 nm, yang mempunyai potensi sebagai DSSC.Kata kunci : DSSC, Organik Alam, Elektroda Lawan.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of online learning in physics subjects. This study uses qualitative descriptive methods and data obtained by providing evaluation and observation tests. The subject of this study was grade X as many as 18 students. To find out the effectiveness of online physics learning, an evaluation was carried out with an essay test of 5 questions and an observation sheet of 5 types of assessment. Then the results were analyzed by descriptive qualitative. Based on the results of the analysis, 27.8% got the moderate category, 61.1% got low scores and 11.1% got the very low category. Then for the student activity assessment sheet, there is 14.5% student attendance, 13% of students pay attention to the teacher's explanation, 2.8% of students and do other activities actively during the learning process, and 15% collect assignments. Online learning is ineffective in pandemics. The cause of the low percentage is due to the many obstacles faced by students in participating in online learning, one of which is the lack of supporting facilities for online learning. Keywords: Effectiveness, Physics Learning, Online Learning, Pandemic DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jpf.v8.n2.202006

Energy derived from fossils is diminishing and cannot be renewed. Therefore many experts are looking for other alternatives to create new renewable energy, and Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) are one of them. This study aims to know the characterization of the electrical properties of dye cosmos caudatus material. The research was conducted at the UNS FMIPA Materials Laboratory. This research uses the TiO2 deposition method with the spin coating technique. Absorbance test using PC UV Visible Spectrophotometer 1601 and Current and voltage test (I-V) using Keithley. The efficiency produced by the Cosmos caudatus chlorophyll dye was 8.3 × 10−3 %. These results show that some natural dyes from natural organic material extraction have an absorbance spectrum range of 300-800 nm, which has the potential as DSSC.

The study aims to characterize Ruthenium as a photosensitizer in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC). Samples are made in the structure of the working electrode pair Sandwich and the opponent electrode. Sample absorbance test using UV-Visible LAMBDA 25 spectrophotometer and test current and voltage characterization (I-V) using Keithley 2602A. The results of the study showed that the maximum absorbance in the high dye ruthenium appeared at the two peaks at 448 nm and 580 nm. While I-V curve measurements showed great efficiency that resulted in ruthenium dye with concentrations of 0.1, 0.5, and 1 in a row were 0, 12%, 0.186%, and 0.26%. These results show that higher concentrations of ruthenium dye can increase the value of the resulting efficiency.

Energy derived from fossil the decrease and cannot renewable. Thus many experts looking at other alternatives to create new energy that is renewable and dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) is one of them. The study aims to determine the characteristic of the electrical properties of each dye material natural organic, characteristic of the electrical properties of the dye material combined with Poly(3-Hexylthiophene) (P3HT). Sample testing conducted at the Laboratory of UV-Vis Spectroscopy, P3HT electrical properties combined with dye extracts will be investigated using IV Meter El - Kahfi. Test optical properties, electrical properties, and I-V characterization of the DSSC using UV Visible Spectrophotometer 1601 PC and Keitlay Type 2600A, respectively.

The purpose of this study was to obtain optical properties (absorption spectrum) and electrical properties (photoconductivity) of organic dyes in DSSC performance. optical and electrical properties were tested by using UV-Visible Spectrophotometer and Elkahfi 1601 PC 100 / IV meter, respectively, while Keithley Type 2600A is used for the characterization of DSSC. This study is a great base to explore and investigate the development of DSSC solar cells using natural dyes (organic). Spectra optimal absorption and photoconductivity produced by natural dyes (organic). The results of this study indicate that the absorption spectrum of natural dyes (organic) in the range of 300-500 nm. electrical characteristics (I-V) of the increase in linear dye under illumination. I-V characteristics of DSSC from organically produced natural dyes to color the biggest-mangosteen obtained Voc of 565 mV; JSC = 1.52 A / m2; FF = 0.12; and η_ef is approximately 0.09%, respectively,. The conclusion of this study, natural dyes (organic) can be an attractive alternative as a dye.

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian awal untuk mempelajari dan memahami proses pembuatan sel surya berbasis Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) menggunakan Ruthenium (N719). Lapisan fotoelektroda TiO 2 menggunakan pasta TiO 2 ukuran 21 nm yang dideposisi menggunakan teknik spin coating dan pewarna N719 sebagai dye sensitizer. Counter elektroda Platina dideposisi menggunakan teknik sputtering. Parameter proses yang mempengaruhi karakteristik listrik sel surya dianalisa dan diukur. Karakteristik kurva I-V sel surya diukur menggunakan Kethely dengan variasi intensitas yaitu 100 Watt/m 2 , 250 Watt/m 2 , 500 Watt/m 2 , 750 Watt/m 2 dan 1000 Watt/m 2 .Prototipe sel yang terbaik menghasilkan effisiensi sebesar 0,15%. Uji absorbansi menggunakan Spectrophotometer UV Visible 1601 PC dan uji sifat kelistrikan menggunakan Elkahfi 100/Meter I-V. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pewarna organik sintesis ruthenium (N719) memiliki absorbansi yang kuat pada panjang gelombang 400-550 nm ini menjadikan dye ruthenium (N719) perlu untuk di selidiki sebagai bahan fotosensitizer DSSC.