Search

An HMI, or Human-Machine Interface, is a software allowing users to communicate with a machine or automation system. It usually serves as a display section in SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) system for device monitoring and control. In this papper, a 3D Web-based HMI with WebGL (Web-based Graphics Library) rendering performance is presented. The main purpose of this work is to attempt to reduce the limitations of traditional 3D web HMI using the advantage of WebGL. To evaluate the performance, frame rate and frame time metrics were used. The results showed 3D Web-based HMI can maintain the frame rate 60FPS for #cube=0.5K/0.8K, 30FPS for #cube=1.1K/1.6K when it was run on Internet Explorer and Chrome respectively. Moreover, the study found that 3D Web-based HMI using WebGL contains similar frame time in each frame even though the numbers of cubes are up to 5K. This indicated stuttering incurred less in the proposed 3D Web-based HMI compared to the chosen commercial HMI product.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of home-based muscle electrical stimulation system in brachial plexus injury patients., Material and Method: Forty brachial plexus injury patients underwent muscle electrical stimulation using a custom designed electrical stimulator. Effectiveness of the system, visual analog pain score, skin temperature, superficial skin condition, overallpatient satisfaction, and location of treatment preference were evaluated after the intervention. A follow-up telephone call was used to evaluate late-onset complications., Results: Thirty-three men and seven women with an average age of 32 years were enrolled in the present study. According to our predefined definitions, 39 of 40 stimulation sessions were successfully completed, which resulted in a total system effectiveness of 97.5%. All patients tolerated the stimulation well. The average visual analog pain score was significantly decreased from 4 to 3 after the stimulation. There were no adverse incidents reported. The average patient satisfaction score was 7.8 out of 10. Thirty-five of 40 patients (88%) preferred to use home-based electrical stimulation vs. hospital-based treatment., Conclusion: The custom designed muscle electrical stimulator used in this study has demonstrated adequate effectiveness and safety for clinical home use for brachial plexus injury patients.