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This study aims to explore the assimilation and germination phenomenon of words having "/n/". The auto segment-al Theory of (Goldsmith,1976) is used as a theoretical framework. (Alkumet, 2020) have elaborated‘Auto segment-al theory that phonetics presentation is an aggregation of supra-segment-al parts of speech, which have some initial problem of how the multiple levels of sequences can be related or linked. This research shows that "/n/" in words having "/n/" and "/b/" combination at the word middle level tend to assimilate into "/m/", but the combination remains intact at word initial and final level and germination of "/n/" is speaker-dependent. Celata, Calamai, Ricci, and Bertini (2013) have manifested the role of style and placement of phoneme in a word is crucial for a sound to get assimilated. It has been elucidated that groups of people sharing the same cultural schema and level of education tend to speak differently.

the brain source localization has attained the significant fascination over the last few decades. Source localization in the human brain is a prospective complication that is derived in the multifaceted real-world complications because of the brain’s practical and biological density, other than medical precincts of assembling EEG from enormously various subjects. It is validated that the electromagnetic signal recorded on the top of scalp is owing to the collective actions of a neurons inside the brain. Any impulsive action of the brain, sensory stimulus, cognitive action, or the generation of motor yield possibly will offer intensification to such neuronal actions. Source- localization in human brain implicates the localization and detection of such primary neuronal originators into the brain. Although the renowned and different research in the area, the complications remnants to be mysterious inverse problem in the brain signal processing research. This paper highlighted the performance analysis the EEG source localization techniques based on standardized low resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA) and exact low resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (eLORETA). The event related potential (ERP) records with chromatic stimulus are considered for analysis at diverse time intervals for both techniques and finally results are discussed in reports of scalp map, slice view and cortex map and proposed the optimum techniques for EEG source localization.

Assessing patients’ therapeutic self-care ability allows nurses to initialize care and implement interventions to enhance their self-care abilities. However, sociocultural beliefs and determinants can affect patients’ self-care practices. This study determined perceived therapeutic self-care ability of patients in surgical units in Pakistan. A survey was conducted using a purposive sample 511 patients admitted to surgical units for at least 24 hours. Data were collected using the Urdu version of Therapeutic Self-Care Measure. The mean self-care ability score was 20.05 ± 4.3. Patients felt more prepared to take their medications, but less prepared to respond to any unforeseeable physical changes. Significant difference was found between self-care ability of male (20.68 ± 4.15) and female (19.18 ± 4.27) ( p

The study investigates the predicated thematic structures in the English text and its Urdu translation. The first objective is to define the variations in the Urdu translation of English predicated thematic structures. The second objective is to define how the variations in Urdu translation affect the thematic progression. The data has been collected from the English novel Things Fall Apart by Achebe (1958) and its Urdu translation Bikharti Duniya by Ullah (1991). The UAM Corpus Tool has been used to annotate the data and to find predicated thematic structures and their thematic progression.The findings show that the Urdu translation of English predicated themes is ambiguous and misleading. The English predicated themes have been translated as Urdu unmarked and marked ideational themes. Such unmotivated displacement of themes affects thematic progression. There occur some variations in the thematic progression of translated Urdu themes.

The unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) swarm is gaining massive interest for researchers as it has huge significance over a single UAV. Many studies focus only on a few challenges of this complex multidisciplinary group. Most of them have certain limitations. This paper aims to recognize and arrange relevant research for evaluating motion planning techniques and models for a swarm from the viewpoint of control, path planning, architecture, communication, monitoring and tracking, and safety issues. Then, a state-of-the-art understanding of the UAV swarm and an overview of swarm intelligence (SI) are provided in this research. Multiple challenges are considered, and some approaches are presented. Findings show that swarm intelligence is leading in this era and is the most significant approach for UAV swarm that offers distinct contributions in different environments. This integration of studies will serve as a basis for knowledge concerning swarm, create guidelines for motion planning issues, and strengthens support for existing methods. Moreover, this paper possesses the capacity to engender new strategies that can serve as the grounds for future work.

Renessans is an iodine complex which has proven in vitro antiviral activity including Anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity. The present study was designed to determine its efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 in monkeys (Rhesus macaque). A total of 14 monkeys were divided into four groups: A) Prophylactic group (n=03), (B) Treatment group (n=03), (C) infection control group (n=04) and (D) negative control group (n=04) and were housed in BSL-3 Animal facility while group D was housed at another animal house. Group A was administered with Renessans @ 2.85 mg/7 kg from 5 days prior to the infection to 08 days post infections (DPI). Group B was administered with Renessans from 03-08 DPI @ 2.85 mg/7 kg. Group C was administered with WIF only. The infection @ 2 × 106 TCID of SARS-CoV-2 was given to all group monkeys through intranasal and oral route under anesthesia. Nasal swab samples (at different times) and fecal matter on daily basis were collected for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 through real-time quantitative PCR. Three monkeys (one from each of group A, B and C) were euthanized at 07 DPI to determine the gross pathological lesions and SARS-CoV-2 detection from internal tissues. Nasal swabs from all the monkeys from group A, B and C were positive for SARS-CoV-2 at 02 and 07 DPI (Day 05 of treatment). At 14 DPI, all (100%) nasal swabs from group A were negative for SARS-CoV-2 while 50% and 100% were positive from group B and C, respectively. At 21 DPI, monkeys from group B were negative and all in group C were still positive for SARS-CoV-2. Similarly, fecal matter of monkeys in group A and B was returned negative in significantly lesser time as compared to monkeys from infection control group. Based on these research findings it is concluded that the Renessans has in-vivo SARS-CoV-2 activity and may result in early clearance of SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, a clinical trial of the drug in COVID-19 patients may reveal its anti-COVID-19 potential.

Nonlinear-optic (NLO) effects provide many device functions such as wavelength conversion and signal processing. The use of waveguides allows the implementation of efficient and compact devices. The importance of exploring nonlinear effects in Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) slot optical waveguides is discernible from the facts that, it is CMOS technology compatible, thus ensuring low-cost large-scale integration, moreover, this structure of optical waveguides mingle the advantages of both silicon and silica to explore the promising nonlinear interactions of light in the waveguides, such as rare-earth material doping to provide optical gain. In current research work, we have optimized nonlinear parameter (γ) of the basic SOI slot optical waveguide by reducing the effective area (Aeff). The effective area has been reduced by using Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) type cladding; where enough evidence is available that, SOI slot optical waveguide can be fabricated in a PCF type cladding. Wavelength dependent propagation constant values of slot optical waveguide are dominant over the band-gap effect (in case of PCF type cladding). Novelty lies in reducing the effective area (Aeff) by a considerable amount, with respect to already established results. The results, besides opening further venues for researchers to find out nonlinear optimization techniques of slot optical waveguide structures can also help in enhancing lab on chip circuits, where in-built optical source is mandatory.

From start till last breath there are many problems of human health. Treatments are recommended to cure medical problems by health care professional; collection of all this record makes Medical Big Data. It includes medical history and prescription reports, test reports, X-Ray, CT Scan, and some other types of medical diagnosis. E-Health and Telemedicine systems are being developed to reduce data availability to patient, and is updated at the consultant end and maintained in the cloud based infrastructures. Big Medical data is compressed to maintain more record. This has extended the domains that are associated with MBD. Latest technologies provide better facilitations to make MBD a part of data collection, processing and reliable form for future consultation.

Slot Optical Waveguides gained considerable attention since their invention. In an SOI slot optical waveguide, the slot region is guarded by two high index slabs. The schematic structure results in considerable optical power confinement inside the slot region due to electric field discontinuity at the boundary between slot region and the slab region. Hence it is pertinent to mention repeatedly that in an SOI slot optical waveguide, the slot is defined only by the presence of slabs on both sides. Where the refractive index contrast ratio between slot region and slab region will have a direct impact on the power confined inside the slot region. In this work, we have used the most basic structure of SOI slot optical waveguide with air cladding and its impact on solar power concentration for the conventional photo voltaic solar cells.

The present study shows factors responsible for poor English reading comprehension at secondary school level students. The purpose of this study is to explore those factors and to suggest remedies how to strengthen English reading comprehension of the students. English is the 2nd language of Pakistani students and Kachru (1996) places it in the outer circle. Test and interviews are conducted to get the data. Different factors like poor command of vocabulary, habit of cramming, no interest to learn creativity in reading but the sole goal is just to pass the examination which are found responsible for poor English reading comprehension. Motivation to learn reading can develop reading comprehension skill of students.