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19,995 results on '"Müller, M."'

2. Storytelling approaches in magazine radio programs in Argentina: description and analysis of radio genres

Author

Martínez-Costa Pérez, M. P. and Müller, M. J.

Subjects
radio narrative, radio genres, radio in Argentina, radio programs, Communication. Mass media, P87-96, Journalism. The periodical press, etc., PN4699-5650
Abstract

The study focuses on storytelling techniques applied in prime-time radio magazines in Argentina. The article analyzes the four leading audience programs at the beginning of this decade. Argentina has a concentrated market, radio penetration reaches 70% and prime time is between 10:00 and 12:00 AM. By means of content analysis of 160 hours of radio programming, use of different radio genres is analyzed in a wide range of prime time programs from news and opinion to fiction and entertainment, including audience participation. The comparative study of frequency and length of each genre, in different programs and different broadcast bands, shows the relative importance of each and the level of use along the continuity which define magazine as a radio format.

Published
2018
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9. {}

Author

Tan, A. F.,, Lew, Y. L.,, Nagahawatte, K.,, and Müller, M.

Subjects
Microbiology, QR1-502
Published
2018

10. {}

Author

Toh, S. C., Lihan, S., Soh, K. M., Uyub, N., Chai, L. C., and Müller, M.

Subjects
Microbiology, QR1-502
Published
2018

12. {}

Author

Song, J.,, Mujahid, A.,, Lim, P-T.,, Samah, A. A.,, Quack, B.,, Pfeilsticker, K.,, Tang, S-L.,, Ivanova, E.,, and Müller, M.

Subjects
Microbiology, QR1-502
Published
2017

13. {}

Author

Sia, E. S. A., Yeo, J. S. H., Wong, J. W. M., Choo, J. C. Y., Wong, C., Mujahid, A., and Müller, M.

Subjects
Microbiology, QR1-502
Published
2017

14. {}

Author

Song, J., Mujahid, A., Lim, P-T., Samah, A. A., Quack, B., Pfeilsticker, K., Tang, S-L., Ivanova, E., and Müller, M.

Subjects
Microbiology, QR1-502
Published
2017

15. {}

Author

Tan, A. F., Lew, Y. L., Nagahawatte, K., and Müller, M.

Subjects
Microbiology, QR1-502
Published
2017

16. {}

Author

Höhener, T., Ang, C. H., and Müller, M.

Subjects
Microbiology, QR1-502
Published
2016

17. Data-driven design of new catalytic materials in methane oxidation based on a site isolation concept

Author

Mazheika, A., Geske, M., Muller, M., Schunk, S. A., Rosowski, F., and Kraehnert, R.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

The conversion of natural gas (methane) to ethane and ethylene (OCM: oxidative coupling of methane) facilitates its transportation and provides a way to synthesize higher value chemicals. The search for high-performance catalysts to achieve this conversion is the main scope of most corresponding studies in the field of OCM. Here, we present a general data-driven strategy for the search of novel catalytic materials, focusing particularly on materials useful for the OCM reaction. Our strategy is based on consistent experimental measurements and includes ab initio thermodynamics calculations and active screening. Based on our experiments, which showed unique volcano-type dependence of the performance on the stability of formed carbonates attributed to the site isolation concept, we developed a method for efficient and inexpensive DFT calculations of the formation energies of carbonates with prediction accuracy 0.2 eV. This method was implemented into a high-throughput screening scheme, which includes both general requirements for catalyst candidates and an actively done artificial intelligence part. Experimental validation of some of the candidates obtained during the screening showed successful reproduction of the initial volcano dependence. Moreover, several new materials were found to outperform standard OCM catalysts, specifically at lower temperatures., Comment: the manuscript contains 4 figures, 5 tables and it is 19 pages

Published
2022

19. Cosmological implications of photon-flux upper limits at ultra-high energies in scenarios of Planckian-interacting massive particles for dark matter

Author

The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Cheminant, K. Almeida, Almela, A., Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Batista, R. Alves, Yebra, J. Ammerman, Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. Araújo, Arnone, E., Velázquez, J. C. Arteaga, Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Avocone, E., Badescu, A. M., Bakalova, A., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bhatta, G., Biermann, P. L., Binet, V., Bismark, K., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Blümer, J., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Bretz, T., Orchera, P. G. Brichetto, Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Büsken, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Canfora, F., Caracas, I., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Chinellato, J. A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Convenga, F., Santos, D. Correia dos, Covault, C. E., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., de Almeida, R. M., de Jesús, J., de Jong, S. J., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., Franco, D. de Oliveira, de Palma, F., de Souza, V., De Vito, E., Del Popolo, A., del Río, M., Deligny, O., Deval, L., di Matteo, A., Dobre, M., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Mendes, L. M. Domingues, Anjos, R. C. dos, Dova, M. T., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C. O., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipčič, A., Fitoussi, T., Fodran, T., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., García, B., Vegas, A. L. Garcia, Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Gongora, J. P., González, J. M., González, N., Goos, I., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Hahn, S., Hamal, P., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Janecek, P., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kääpä, A., Kampert, K. H., Keilhauer, B., Khakurdikar, A., Covilakam, V. V. Kizakke, Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Knapp, F., Kunka, N., Lago, B. L., Langner, N., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lenok, V., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Presti, D. Lo, Lopes, L., López, R., Lu, L., Luce, Q., Lundquist, J. P., Payeras, A. Machado, Mancarella, G., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Manshanden, J., Mantsch, P., Marafico, S., Mariani, F. M., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinelli, S., Bravo, O. Martínez, Mastrodicasa, M., Mathes, H. J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mayotte, S., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morejon, L., Morello, C., Mostafá, M., Müller, A. L., Muller, M. A., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Muzio, M., Namasaka, W. M., Nasr-Esfahani, A., Nellen, L., Nicora, G., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Norwood, I., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A, Núñez, L. A., Oliveira, C., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Pawlowsky, J., Pech, M., Pękala, J., Pelayo, R., Peña-Rodriguez, J., Martins, E. E. Pereira, Armand, J. Perez, Bertolli, C. Pérez, Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Petrucci, C., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Rossoni, S., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saftoiu, A., Saharan, M., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schäfer, C. M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schlüter, F., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schoorlemmer, H., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schulte, J., Schulz, T., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Segreto, A., Sehgal, S., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Smau, R., Šmída, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanca, D., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Streich, A., Suárez-Durán, M., Sudholz, T., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Szadkowski, Z., Tapia, A., Taricco, C., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Torrès, Z., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valore, L., Varela, E., Vásquez-Ramírez, A., Veberič, D., Ventura, C., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Watanabe, C., Watson, A. A., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zehrer, L., and Aloisio, R.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

Using the data of the Pierre Auger Observatory, we report on a search for signatures that would be suggestive of super-heavy particles decaying in the Galactic halo. From the lack of signal, we present upper limits for different energy thresholds above ${\gtrsim}10^8$\,GeV on the secondary by-product fluxes expected from the decay of the particles. Assuming that the energy density of these super-heavy particles matches that of dark matter observed today, we translate the upper bounds on the particle fluxes into tight constraints on the couplings governing the decay process as a function of the particle mass. Instantons, which are non-perturbative solutions to Yang-Mills equations, can give rise to decay channels otherwise forbidden and transform stable particles into meta-stable ones. Assuming such instanton-induced decay processes, we derive a bound on the reduced coupling constant of gauge interactions in the dark sector: $\alpha_X \lesssim 0.09$, for $10^{9} \lesssim M_X/\text{GeV} < 10^{19}$. Conversely, we obtain that, for instance, a reduced coupling constant $\alpha_X = 0.09$ excludes masses $M_X \gtrsim 3\times 10^{13}~$GeV. In the context of dark matter production from gravitational interactions alone during the reheating epoch, we derive constraints on the parameter space that involves, in addition to $M_X$ and $\alpha_X$, the Hubble rate at the end of inflation, the reheating efficiency, and the non-minimal coupling of the Higgs with curvature., Comment: 15 pages, 8 figures, Accompanying paper of arXiv:2203.08854, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D

Published
2022

20. Arrival Directions of Cosmic Rays above 32 EeV from Phase One of the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Cheminant, K. Almeida, Almela, A., Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Batista, R. Alves, Yebra, J. Ammerman, Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. Araújo, Arnone, E., Velázquez, J. C. Arteaga, Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Avocone, E., Badescu, A. M., Bakalova, A., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bhatta, G., Biermann, P. L., Binet, V., Bismark, K., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Blümer, J., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Bretz, T., Orchera, P. G. Brichetto, Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Büsken, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Canfora, F., Caracas, I., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Chinellato, J. A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Convenga, F., Santos, D. Correia dos, Covault, C. E., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., de Almeida, R. M., de Jesús, J., de Jong, S. J., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., Franco, D. de Oliveira, de Palma, F., de Souza, V., De Vito, E., Del Popolo, A., del Río, M., Deligny, O., Deval, L., di Matteo, A., Dobre, M., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Mendes, L. M. Domingues, Anjos, R. C. dos, Dova, M. T., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C. O., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipčič, A., Fitoussi, T., Fodran, T., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., García, B., Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Gongora, J. P., González, J. M., González, N., Goos, I., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Hahn, S., Hamal, P., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Janecek, P., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kääpä, A., Kampert, K. H., Keilhauer, B., Khakurdikar, A., Covilakam, V. V. Kizakke, Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Knapp, F., Kunka, N., Lago, B. L., Langner, N., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lenok, V., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Presti, D. Lo, Lopes, L., López, R., Lu, L., Luce, Q., Lundquist, J. P., Payeras, A. Machado, Mancarella, G., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Manshanden, J., Mantsch, P., Marafico, S., Mariani, F. M., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinelli, S., Bravo, O. Martínez, Mastrodicasa, M., Mathes, H. J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mayotte, S., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morejon, L., Morello, C., Mostafá, M., Müller, A. L., Muller, M. A., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Muzio, M., Namasaka, W. M., Nasr-Esfahani, A., Nellen, L., Nicora, G., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Norwood, I., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A, Núñez, L. A., Oliveira, C., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Pawlowsky, J., Pech, M., Pękala, J., Pelayo, R., Peña-Rodriguez, J., Martins, E. E. Pereira, Armand, J. Perez, Bertolli, C. Pérez, Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Petrucci, C., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Rossoni, S., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saftoiu, A., Saharan, M., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schäfer, C. M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schlüter, F., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schoorlemmer, H., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schulte, J., Schulz, T., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Segreto, A., Sehgal, S., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Smau, R., Šmída, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanca, D., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Straub, M., Streich, A., Suárez-Durán, M., Sudholz, T., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Szadkowski, Z., Tapia, A., Taricco, C., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Torrès, Z., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valore, L., Varela, E., Vásquez-Ramírez, A., Veberič, D., Ventura, C., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Watanabe, C., Watson, A. A., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., and Zehrer, L.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

A promising energy range to look for angular correlation between cosmic rays of extragalactic origin and their sources is at the highest energies, above few tens of EeV ($1\:{\rm EeV}\equiv 10^{18}\:$eV). Despite the flux of these particles being extremely low, the area of ${\sim}\:3{,}000 \: \text{km}^2$ covered at the Pierre Auger Observatory, and the 17-year data-taking period of the Phase 1 of its operations, have enabled us to measure the arrival directions of more than 2,600 ultra-high energy cosmic rays above $32\:\text{EeV}$. We publish this data set, the largest available at such energies from an integrated exposure of $122{,}000 \: \text{km}^2\:\text{sr}\:\text{yr}$, and search it for anisotropies over the $3.4\pi$ steradians covered with the Observatory. Evidence for a deviation in excess of isotropy at intermediate angular scale, with ${\sim}\:15^\circ$ Gaussian spread or ${\sim}\:25^\circ$ top-hat radius, is obtained at the $4\:\sigma$ significance level for cosmic-ray energies above ${\sim}\:40\:\text{EeV}$., Comment: Published version, 33 pages, 10 figures. Dataset and analysis software available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6504276

Published
2022
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21. Investigating Hadronic Interactions at Ultra-High Energies with the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

Goos, Isabel, Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Cheminant, K. Almeida, Almela, A., Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Batista, R. Alves, Yebra, J. Ammerman, Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. Araújo, Arnone, E., Velázquez, J. C. Arteaga, Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Avocone, E., Badescu, A. M., Bakalova, A., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bhatta, G., Biermann, P. L., Binet, V., Bismark, K., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Blümer, J., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Bretz, T., Orchera, P. G. Brichetto, Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Büsken, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Canfora, F., Caracas, I., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Chinellato, J. A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Convenga, F., Santos, D. Correia dos, Covault, C. E., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., de Almeida, R. M., de Jesús, J., de Jong, S. J., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., Franco, D. de Oliveira, de Palma, F., de Souza, V., De Vito, E., Del Popolo, A., del Río, M., Deligny, O., Deval, L., di Matteo, A., Dobre, M., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Mendes, L. M. Domingues, Anjos, R. C. dos, Dova, M. T., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C. O., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipčič, A., Fitoussi, T., Fodran, T., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., García, B., Vegas, A. L. Garcia, Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Gongora, J. P., González, J. M., González, N., Goos, I., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Hahn, S., Hamal, P., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Janecek, P., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kääpä, A., Kampert, K. H., Keilhauer, B., Khakurdikar, A., Covilakam, V. V. Kizakke, Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Knapp, F., Kunka, N., Lago, B. L., Langner, N., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lenok, V., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Presti, D. Lo, Lopes, L., López, R., Lu, L., Luce, Q., Lundquist, J. P., Payeras, A. Machado, Mancarella, G., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Manshanden, J., Mantsch, P., Marafico, S., Mariani, F. M., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinelli, S., Bravo, O. Martínez, Mastrodicasa, M., Mathes, H. J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mayotte, S., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morejon, L., Morello, C., Mostafá, M., Müller, A. L., Muller, M. A., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Muzio, M., Namasaka, W. M., Nasr-Esfahani, A., Nellen, L., Nicora, G., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Norwood, I., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A, Núñez, L. A., Oliveira, C., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Pawlowsky, J., Pech, M., Pękala, J., Pelayo, R., Peña-Rodriguez, J., Martins, E. E. Pereira, Armand, J. Perez, Bertolli, C. Pérez, Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Petrucci, C., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Rossoni, S., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saftoiu, A., Saharan, M., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schäfer, C. M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schlüter, F., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schoorlemmer, H., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schulte, J., Schulz, T., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Segreto, A., Sehgal, S., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Smau, R., Šmída, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanca, D., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Streich, A., Suárez-Durán, M., Sudholz, T., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Szadkowski, Z., Tapia, A., Taricco, C., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Torrès, Z., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valore, L., Varela, E., Vásquez-Ramírez, A., Veberič, D., Ventura, C., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Watanabe, C., Watson, A. A., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., and Zehrer, L.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

The development of an extensive air shower depends not only on the nature of the primary ultra-high-energy cosmic ray but also on the properties of the hadronic interactions. For energies above those achievable in human-made accelerators, hadronic interactions are only accessible through the studies of extensive air showers, which can be measured at the Pierre Auger Observatory. With its hybrid detector design, the Pierre Auger Observatory measures both the longitudinal development of showers in the atmosphere and the lateral distribution of particles that arrive at the ground. This way, observables that are sensitive to hadronic interactions at ultra-high energies can be obtained. While the hadronic interaction cross-section can be assessed from the longitudinal profiles, the number of muons and their fluctuations measured with the ground detectors are linked to other physical properties. In addition to these direct studies, we discuss here how measurements of the atmospheric depth of the maximum of air-shower profiles and the characteristics of the muon signal at the ground can be used to test the self-consistency of the post-LHC hadronic models., Comment: Proceedings of VHEPU 56th Rencontres de Moriond 2022

Published
2022

22. A search for photons with energies above $2{\times}10^{17}$ eV using hybrid data from the low-energy extensions of the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Cheminant, K. Almeida, Almela, A., Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Batista, R. Alves, Yebra, J. Ammerman, Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. Araújo, Arnone, E., Velázquez, J. C. Arteaga, Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Avocone, E., Badescu, A. M., Bakalova, A., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bhatta, G., Biermann, P. L., Binet, V., Bismark, K., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Blümer, J., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Bretz, T., Orchera, P. G. Brichetto, Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Büsken, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Canfora, F., Caracas, I., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Chinellato, J. A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Convenga, F., Santos, D. Correia dos, Covault, C. E., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., de Almeida, R. M., de Jesús, J., de Jong, S. J., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., Franco, D. de Oliveira, de Palma, F., de Souza, V., De Vito, E., Del Popolo, A., del Río, M., Deligny, O., Deval, L., di Matteo, A., Dobre, M., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Mendes, L. M. Domingues, Anjos, R. C. dos, Dova, M. T., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C. O., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipčič, A., Fitoussi, T., Fodran, T., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., García, B., Vegas, A. L. Garcia, Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Gongora, J. P., González, J. M., González, N., Goos, I., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Hahn, S., Hamal, P., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Janecek, P., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kääpä, A., Kampert, K. H., Keilhauer, B., Khakurdikar, A., Covilakam, V. V. Kizakke, Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Knapp, F., Kunka, N., Lago, B. L., Langner, N., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lenok, V., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Presti, D. Lo, Lopes, L., López, R., Lu, L., Luce, Q., Lundquist, J. P., Payeras, A. Machado, Mancarella, G., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Manshanden, J., Mantsch, P., Marafico, S., Mariani, F. M., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinelli, S., Bravo, O. Martínez, Mastrodicasa, M., Mathes, H. J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mayotte, S., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morejon, L., Morello, C., Mostafá, M., Müller, A. L., Muller, M. A., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Muzio, M., Namasaka, W. M., Nasr-Esfahani, A., Nellen, L., Nicora, G., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Norwood, I., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A, Núñez, L. A., Oliveira, C., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Pawlowsky, J., Pech, M., Pękala, J., Pelayo, R., Peña-Rodriguez, J., Martins, E. E. Pereira, Armand, J. Perez, Bertolli, C. Pérez, Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Petrucci, C., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Rossoni, S., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saftoiu, A., Saharan, M., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schäfer, C. M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schlüter, F., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schoorlemmer, H., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schulte, J., Schulz, T., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Segreto, A., Sehgal, S., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Smau, R., Šmída, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanca, D., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Streich, A., Suárez-Durán, M., Sudholz, T., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Szadkowski, Z., Tapia, A., Taricco, C., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Torrès, Z., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valore, L., Varela, E., Vásquez-Ramírez, A., Veberič, D., Ventura, C., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Watanabe, C., Watson, A. A., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., and Zehrer, L.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Ultra-high-energy photons with energies exceeding $10^{17}$ eV offer a wealth of connections to different aspects of cosmic-ray astrophysics as well as to gamma-ray and neutrino astronomy. The recent observations of photons with energies in the $10^{15}$ eV range further motivate searches for even higher-energy photons. In this paper, we present a search for photons with energies exceeding $2{\times}10^{17}$ eV using about 5.5 years of hybrid data from the low-energy extensions of the Pierre Auger Observatory. The upper limits on the integral photon flux derived here are the most stringent ones to date in the energy region between $10^{17}$ and $10^{18}$ eV., Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ

Published
2022
Full Text
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23. JAK-Inhibitors – A Story of Success and Adverse Events

Author

Wlassits R, Müller M, Fenzl KH, Lamprecht T, and Erlacher L

Subjects
rheumatoid arthritis, treatment, safety restrictions, major adverse cardiac events, malignancies, venous thrombotic episodes, Diseases of the musculoskeletal system, RC925-935
Abstract

Rebekka Wlassits,1 Mathias Müller,2 Karl H Fenzl,1 Thomas Lamprecht,3 Ludwig Erlacher3 1Karl Landsteiner Institut für Autoimmunerkrankungen und Rheumatologie, Vienna, Austria; 2Department für Biomedizinische Wissenschaften, Institut für Tierzucht und Genetik, Veterinärmedizinische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria; 3Ludwig Erlacher, Karl Landsteiner Institut für Autoimmunerkrankungen und Rheumatologie, Vienna, AustriaCorrespondence: Rebekka Wlassits, Karl Landsteiner Institut für Autoimmunerkrankungen und Rheumatologie, Vienna, Kundratstraße 3, 1100 Wien, Austria, Tel +43 1 60910 72238, Email rebekka.wlassits@gesundheitsverbund.atAbstract: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic, chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory condition. Treatments options encompass conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (csDMARDs), biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) like tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors (TNFis) and targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (tsDMARDs) including Janus Kinase inhibitors (JAKinibs). Orally administered JAKinibs have demonstrated comparable or, in specific cases, superior efficacy compared to bDMARDs in inflammatory conditions. However, the escalating clinical utilization has been accompanied by the emergence of serious adverse effects, including major adverse cardiac events (MACE), malignancies and venous thrombotic episodes (VTE), leading to regulatory restrictions imposed by health authorities in both the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA).Keywords: rheumatoid arthritis, treatment, safety restrictions, major adverse cardiac events, malignancies, venous thrombotic episodes

Published
2024

24. Limits to gauge coupling in the dark sector set by the non-observation of instanton-induced decay of Super-Heavy Dark Matter in the Pierre Auger Observatory data

Author

The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Cheminant, K. Almeida, Almela, A., Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Batista, R. Alves, Yebra, J. Ammerman, Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. Araújo, Arnone, E., Velázquez, J. C. Arteaga, Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Avocone, E., Badescu, A. M., Bakalova, A., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bhatta, G., Biermann, P. L., Binet, V., Bismark, K., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Blümer, J., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Bretz, T., Orchera, P. G. Brichetto, Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Büsken, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Canfora, F., Caracas, I., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Chinellato, J. A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Convenga, F., Santos, D. Correia dos, Covault, C. E., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., de Almeida, R. M., de Jesús, J., de Jong, S. J., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., Franco, D. de Oliveira, de Palma, F., de Souza, V., De Vito, E., Del Popolo, A., del Río, M., Deligny, O., Deval, L., di Matteo, A., Dobre, M., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Mendes, L. M. Domingues, Anjos, R. C. dos, Dova, M. T., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C. O., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipčič, A., Fitoussi, T., Fodran, T., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., García, B., Vegas, A. L. Garcia, Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Gongora, J. P., González, J. M., González, N., Goos, I., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Hahn, S., Hamal, P., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Janecek, P., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kääpä, A., Kampert, K. H., Keilhauer, B., Khakurdikar, A., Covilakam, V. V. Kizakke, Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Knapp, F., Kunka, N., Lago, B. L., Langner, N., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lenok, V., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Presti, D. Lo, Lopes, L., López, R., Lu, L., Luce, Q., Lundquist, J. P., Payeras, A. Machado, Mancarella, G., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Manshanden, J., Mantsch, P., Marafico, S., Mariani, F. M., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinelli, S., Bravo, O. Martínez, Mastrodicasa, M., Mathes, H. J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mayotte, S., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morejon, L., Morello, C., Mostafá, M., Müller, A. L., Muller, M. A., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Muzio, M., Namasaka, W. M., Nasr-Esfahani, A., Nellen, L., Nicora, G., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Norwood, I., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A, Núñez, L. A., Oliveira, C., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Pawlowsky, J., Pech, M., Pękala, J., Pelayo, R., Peña-Rodriguez, J., Martins, E. E. Pereira, Armand, J. Perez, Bertolli, C. Pérez, Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Petrucci, C., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Rossoni, S., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saftoiu, A., Saharan, M., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schäfer, C. M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schlüter, F., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schoorlemmer, H., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schulte, J., Schulz, T., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Segreto, A., Sehgal, S., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Smau, R., Šmída, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanca, D., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Streich, A., Suárez-Durán, M., Sudholz, T., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Szadkowski, Z., Tapia, A., Taricco, C., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Torrès, Z., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valore, L., Varela, E., Vásquez-Ramírez, A., Veberič, D., Ventura, C., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Watanabe, C., Watson, A. A., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zehrer, L., and Aloisio, R.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

Instantons, which are non-perturbative solutions to Yang-Mills equations, provide a signal for the occurrence of quantum tunneling between distinct classes of vacua. They can give rise to decays of particles otherwise forbidden. Using data collected at the Pierre Auger Observatory, we search for signatures of such instanton-induced processes that would be suggestive of super-heavy particles decaying in the Galactic halo. These particles could have been produced during the post-inflationary epoch and match the relic abundance of dark matter inferred today. The non-observation of the signatures searched for allows us to derive a bound on the reduced coupling constant of gauge interactions in the dark sector: $\alpha_X \lesssim 0.09$, for $10^{9} \lesssim M_X/{\rm GeV} < 10^{19}$. Conversely, we obtain that, for instance, a reduced coupling constant $\alpha_X = 0.09$ excludes masses $M_X \gtrsim 3\times 10^{13}~$GeV. In the context of dark matter production from gravitational interactions alone, we illustrate how these bounds are complementary to those obtained on the Hubble rate at the end of inflation from the non-observation of tensor modes in the cosmological microwave background., Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett

Published
2022
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25. Search for Spatial Correlations of Neutrinos with Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays

Author

The ANTARES collaboration, Albert, A., Alves, S., André, M., Anghinolfi, M., Ardid, M., Ardid, S., Aubert, J. -J., Aublin, J., Baret, B., Basa, S., Belhorma, B., Bendahman, M., Bertin, V., Biagi, S., Bissinger, M., Boumaaza, J., Bouta, M., Bouwhuis, M. C., Brânzaş, H., Bruijn, R., Brunner, J., Busto, J., Caiffi, B., Calvo, D., Capone, A., Caramete, L., Carr, J., Carretero, V., Celli, S., Chabab, M., Chau, T. N., Moursli, R. Cherkaoui El, Chiarusi, T., Circella, M., Coleiro, A., Coniglione, R., Coyle, P., Creusot, A., Díaz, A. F., Distefano, C., Di Palma, I., Domi, A., Donzaud, C., Dornic, D., Drouhin, D., Eberl, T., van Eeden, T., van Eijk, D., Khayati, N. El, Enzenhöfer, A., Fermani, P., Ferrara, G., Filippini, F., Fusco, L., Gatelet, Y., Gay, P., Glotin, H., Gozzini, R., Ruiz, R. Gracia, Graf, K., Guidi, C., Hallmann, S., van Haren, H., Heijboer, A. J., Hello, Y., Hernández-Rey, J. J., Hößl, J., Hofestädt, J., Huang, F., Illuminati, G., James, C. W., Jisse-Jung, B., de Jong, M., de Jong, P., Kadler, M., Kalekin, O., Katz, U., Khan-Chowdhury, N. R., Kouchner, A., Kreykenbohm, I., Kulikovskiy, V., Lahmann, R., Breton, R. Le, LeStum, S., Lefèvre, D., Leonora, E., Levi, G., Lopez-Coto, D., Loucatos, S., Maderer, L., Manczak, J., Marcelin, M., Margiotta, A., Marinelli, A., Martínez-Mora, J. A., Martino, B., Melis, K., Migliozzi, P., Moussa, A., Muller, R., Nauta, L., Navas, S., Nezri, E., Fearraigh, B. Ó, Păun, A., Păvălaş, G. E., Pellegrino, C., Perrin-Terrin, M., Pestel, V., Piattelli, P., Pieterse, C., Poirè, C., Popa, V., Pradier, T., Randazzo, N., Real, D., Reck, S., Riccobene, G., Romanov, A., Sánchez-Losa, A., Greus, F. Salesa, Samtleben, D. F. E., Sanguineti, M., Sapienza, P., Schnabel, J., Schumann, J., Schüssler, F., Seneca, J., Spurio, M., Stolarczyk, Th., Taiuti, M., Tayalati, Y., Tingay, S. J., Vallage, B., Van Elewyck, V., Versari, F., Viola, S., Vivolo, D., Wilms, J., Zavatarelli, S., Zegarelli, A., Zornoza, J. D., Zúñiga, J., collaboration, The IceCube, Abbasi, R., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., Alameddine, J. M., Alispach, C., Alves Jr., A. A., Amin, N. M., Andeen, K., Anderson, T., Anton, G., Argüelles, C., Ashida, Y., Axani, S., Bai, X., V., A. Balagopal, Barbano, A., Barwick, S. W., Bastian, B., Basu, V., Baur, S., Bay, R., Beatty, J. J., Becker, K. -H., Tjus, J. Becker, Bellenghi, C., BenZvi, S., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Besson, D. Z., Binder, G., Bindig, D., Blaufuss, E., Blot, S., Boddenberg, M., Bontempo, F., Borowka, J., Böser, S., Botner, O., Böttcher, J., Bourbeau, E., Bradascio, F., Braun, J., Brinson, B., Bron, S., Brostean-Kaiser, J., Browne, S., Burgman, A., Burley, R. T., Busse, R. S., Campana, M. A., Carnie-Bronca, E. G., Chen, C., Chen, Z., Chirkin, D., Choi, K., Clark, B. A., Clark, K., Classen, L., Collin, G. H., Conrad, J. M., Coppin, P., Correa, P., Cowen, D. F., Cross, R., Dappen, C., Dave, P., De Clercq, C., DeLaunay, J. J., López, D. Delgado, Dembinski, H., Deoskar, K., Desai, A., Desiati, P., de Vries, K. D., de Wasseige, G., de With, M., DeYoung, T., Diaz, A., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Dittmer, M., Dujmovic, H., Dunkman, M., DuVernois, M. A., Dvorak, E., Ehrhardt, T., Eller, P., Erpenbeck, H., Evans, J., Evenson, P. A., Fan, K. L., Fazely, A. R., Fedynitch, A., Feigl, N., Fiedlschuster, S., Fienberg, A. T., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Fischer, L., Fox, D., Franckowiak, A., Friedman, E., Fritz, A., Fürst, P., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Ganster, E., Garcia, A., Garrappa, S., Gerhardt, L., Ghadimi, A., Glaser, C., Glauch, T., Glüsenkamp, T., Gonzalez, J. G., Goswami, S., Grant, D., Grégoire, T., Griswold, S., Günther, C., Gutjahr, P., Haack, C., Hallgren, A., Halliday, R., Halve, L., Halzen, F., Minh, M. Ha, Hanson, K., Hardin, J., Harnisch, A. A., Haungs, A., Hebecker, D., Helbing, K., Henningsen, F., Hettinger, E. C., Hickford, S., Hignight, J., Hill, C., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Hoffmann, R., Hokanson-Fasig, B., Hoshina, K., Huber, M., Huber, T., Hultqvist, K., Hünnefeld, M., Hussain, R., Hymon, K., In, S., Iovine, N., Ishihara, A., Jansson, M., Japaridze, G. S., Jeong, M., Jin, M., Jones, B. J. P., Kang, D., Kang, W., Kang, X., Kappes, A., Kappesser, D., Kardum, L., Karg, T., Karl, M., Karle, A., Kauer, M., Kellermann, M., Kelley, J. L., Kheirandish, A., Kin, K., Kintscher, T., Kiryluk, J., Klein, S. R., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Kontrimas, T., Köpke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Koundal, P., Kovacevich, M., Kowalski, M., Kozynets, T., Kun, E., Kurahashi, N., Lad, N., Gualda, C. Lagunas, Lanfranchi, J. L., Larson, M. J., Lauber, F., Lazar, J. P., Lee, J. W., Leonard, K., Leszczyńska, A., Li, Y., Lincetto, M., Liu, Q. R., Liubarska, M., Lohfink, E., Mariscal, C. J. Lozano, Lucarelli, F., Ludwig, A., Luszczak, W., Lyu, Y., Ma, W. Y., Madsen, J., Mahn, K. B. M., Makino, Y., Mancina, S., Martinez-Soler, I., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., McElroy, T., McNally, F., Mead, J. V., Meagher, K., Mechbal, S., Medina, A., Meier, M., Meighen-Berger, S., Micallef, J., Mockler, D., Montaruli, T., Moore, R. W., Morse, R., Moulai, M., Naab, R., Nagai, R., Naumann, U., Necker, J., Nguyên, L. V., Niederhausen, H., Nisa, M. U., Nowicki, S. C., Pollmann, A. Obertacke, Oehler, M., Oeyen, B., Olivas, A., O'Sullivan, E., Pandya, H., Pankova, D. V., Park, N., Parker, G. K., Paudel, E. N., Paul, L., Heros, C. Pérez de los, Peters, L., Peterson, J., Philippen, S., Pieper, S., Pittermann, M., Pizzuto, A., Plum, M., Popovych, Y., Porcelli, A., Rodriguez, M. Prado, Price, P. B., Pries, B., Przybylski, G. T., Raab, C., Rack-Helleis, J., Raissi, A., Rameez, M., Rawlins, K., Rea, I. C., Rehman, A., Reichherzer, P., Reimann, R., Renzi, G., Resconi, E., Reusch, S., Rhode, W., Richman, M., Riedel, B., Roberts, E. J., Robertson, S., Roellinghoff, G., Rongen, M., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Cantu, D. Rysewyk, Safa, I., Saffer, J., Herrera, S. E. Sanchez, Sandrock, A., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Schaufel, M., Schindler, S., Schmidt, T., Schneider, A., Schneider, J., Schröder, F. G., Schumacher, L., Schwefer, G., Sclafani, S., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Sharma, A., Shefali, S., Silva, M., Skrzypek, B., Smithers, B., Snihur, R., Soedingrekso, J., Soldin, D., Spannfellner, C., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stachurska, J., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stein, R., Stettner, J., Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Stürwald, T., Stuttard, T., Sullivan, G. W., Taboada, I., Ter-Antonyan, S., Tilav, S., Tischbein, F., Tollefson, K., Tönnis, C., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Trettin, A., Tselengidou, M., Tung, C. F., Turcati, A., Turcotte, R., Turley, C. F., Twagirayezu, J. P., Ty, B., Elorrieta, M. A. Unland, Valtonen-Mattila, N., Vandenbroucke, J., van Eijndhoven, N., Vannerom, D., van Santen, J., Verpoest, S., Walck, C., Watson, T. B., Weaver, C., Weigel, P., Weindl, A., Weiss, M. J., Weldert, J., Wendt, C., Werthebach, J., Weyrauch, M., Whitehorn, N., Wiebusch, C. H., Williams, D. R., Wolf, M., Woschnagg, K., Wrede, G., Wulff, J., Xu, X. W., Yanez, J. P., Yoshida, S., Yu, S., Yuan, T., Zhang, Z., Zhelnin, P., collaboration, The Pierre Auger, Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Cheminant, K. Almeida, Almela, A., Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Batista, R. Alves, Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. Araújo, Arnone, E., Velázquez, J. C. Arteaga, Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Badescu, A. M., Bakalova, A., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Bhatta, G., Biermann, P. L., Binet, V., Bismark, K., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Blümer, J., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Bretz, T., Orchera, P. G. Brichetto, Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Büsken, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Canfora, F., Caracas, I., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Chinellato, J. A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Convenga, F., Santos, D. Correia dos, Covault, C. E., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., de Almeida, R. M., de Jesús, J., de Jong, S. J., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., Franco, D. de Oliveira, de Palma, F., de Souza, V., De Vito, E., Del Popolo, A., del Río, M., Deligny, O., Deval, L., di Matteo, A., Dobre, M., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Mendes, L. M. Domingues, Anjos, R. C. dos, Dova, M. T., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C. O., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipčič, A., Fitoussi, T., Fodran, T., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., García, B., Vegas, A. L. Garcia, Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Gongora, J. P., González, J. M., González, N., Goos, I., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Hahn, S., Hamal, P., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Hojvat, C., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Janecek, P., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kääpä, A., Kampert, K. H., Karastathis, N., Keilhauer, B., Khakurdikar, A., Covilakam, V. V. Kizakke, Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Knapp, F., Kunka, N., Lago, B. L., Lang, R. G., Langner, N., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lenok, V., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Presti, D. Lo, Lopes, L., López, R., Lu, L., Luce, Q., Lundquist, J. P., Payeras, A. Machado, Mancarella, G., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Manshanden, J., Mantsch, P., Marafico, S., Mariani, F. M., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinelli, S., Bravo, O. Martínez, Mastrodicasa, M., Mathes, H. J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mayotte, S., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morejon, L., Morello, C., Mostafá, M., Müller, A. L., Muller, M. A., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Muzio, M., Namasaka, W. M., Nasr-Esfahani, A., Nellen, L., Nicora, G., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A., Núñez, L. A., Oliveira, C., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Pawlowsky, J., Pech, M., Pȩkala, J., Pelayo, R., Peña-Rodriguez, J., Martins, E. E. Pereira, Armand, J. Perez, Bertolli, C. Pérez, Perlin, M., Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Petrucci, C., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Rossoni, S., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saftoiu, A., Saharan, M., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schäfer, C. M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schlüter, F., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schoorlemmer, H., Schovánek, P., Schulte, J., Schulz, T., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Segreto, A., Sehgal, S., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Smau, R., Šmída, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanca, D., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Streich, A., Suárez-Durán, M., Sudholz, T., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Szadkowski, Z., Tapia, A., Taricco, C., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Torrès, Z., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valore, L., Varela, E., Vásquez-Ramírez, A., Veberič, D., Ventura, C., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Watanabe, C., Watson, A. A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zehrer, L., collaboration, The Telescope Array, Abu-Zayyad, T., Allen, M., Arai, Y., Arimura, R., Barcikowski, E., Belz, J. W., Bergman, D. R., Blake, S. A., Buckland, I., Cady, R., Cheon, B. G., Chiba, J., Chikawa, M., Fujisue, K., Fujita, K., Fujiwara, R., Fukushima, M., Fukushima, R., Furlich, G., Globus, N., Gonzalez, R., Hanlon, W., Hayashi, M., Hayashida, N., He, H., Hibino, K., Higuchi, R., Honda, K., Ikeda, D., Inadomi, T., Inoue, N., Ishii, T., Ito, H., Ivanov, D., Iwakura, H., Iwasaki, A., Jeong, H. M., Jeong, S., Jui, C. C. H., Kadota, K., Kakimoto, F., Kalashev, O., Kasahara, K., Kasami, S., Kawakami, S., Kawana, S., Kawata, K., Kharuk, I., Kido, E., Kim, H. B., Kim, J. H., Kim, S. W., Kimura, Y., Kishigami, S., Kubota, Y., Kurisu, S., Kuzmin, V., Kuznetsov, M., Kwon, Y. J., Lee, K. H., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Machida, K., Matsumiya, H., Matsuyama, T., Matthews, J. N., Mayta, R., Minamino, M., Mukai, K., Myers, I., Nagataki, S., Nakai, K., Nakamura, R., Nakamura, T., Nakamura, Y., Nakazawa, A., Nishio, E., Nonaka, T., Oda, H., Ogio, S., Ohnishi, M., Ohoka, H., Oku, Y., Okuda, T., Omura, Y., Ono, M., Onogi, R., Oshima, A., Ozawa, S., Park, I. H., Potts, M., Pshirkov, M. S., Remington, J., Rodriguez, D. C., Rubtsov, G. I., Ryu, D., Sagawa, H., Sahara, R., Saito, Y., Sakaki, N., Sako, T., Sakurai, N., Sano, K., Sato, K., Seki, T., Sekino, K., Shah, P. D., Shibasaki, Y., Shibata, F., Shibata, N., Shibata, T., Shimodaira, H., Shin, B. K., Shin, H. S., Shinto, D., Smith, J. D., Sokolsky, P., Sone, N., Stokes, B. T., Stroman, T. A., Takagi, Y., Takahashi, Y., Takamura, M., Takeda, M., Takeishi, R., Taketa, A., Takita, M., Tameda, Y., Tanaka, H., Tanaka, K., Tanaka, M., Tanoue, Y., Thomas, S. B., Thomson, G. B., Tinyakov, P., Tkachev, I., Tokuno, H., Tomida, T., Troitsky, S., Tsuda, R., Tsunesada, Y., Uchihori, Y., Udo, S., Uehama, T., Urban, F., Warren, D., Wong, T., Yamamoto, M., Yamazaki, K., Yashiro, K., Yoshida, F., Yoshioka, Y., Zhezher, Y., and Zundel, Z.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

For several decades, the origin of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) has been an unsolved question of high-energy astrophysics. One approach for solving this puzzle is to correlate UHECRs with high-energy neutrinos, since neutrinos are a direct probe of hadronic interactions of cosmic rays and are not deflected by magnetic fields. In this paper, we present three different approaches for correlating the arrival directions of neutrinos with the arrival directions of UHECRs. The neutrino data is provided by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory and ANTARES, while the UHECR data with energies above $\sim$50 EeV is provided by the Pierre Auger Observatory and the Telescope Array. All experiments provide increased statistics and improved reconstructions with respect to our previous results reported in 2015. The first analysis uses a high-statistics neutrino sample optimized for point-source searches to search for excesses of neutrinos clustering in the vicinity of UHECR directions. The second analysis searches for an excess of UHECRs in the direction of the highest-energy neutrinos. The third analysis searches for an excess of pairs of UHECRs and highest-energy neutrinos on different angular scales. None of the analyses has found a significant excess, and previously reported over-fluctuations are reduced in significance. Based on these results, we further constrain the neutrino flux spatially correlated with UHECRs., Comment: 39 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables; updated source files including xml authorlist

Published
2022
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27. Testing effects of Lorentz invariance violation in the propagation of astroparticles with the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Cheminant, K. Almeida, Almela, A., Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Batista, R. Alves, Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. Araújo, Arnone, E., Velázquez, J. C. Arteaga, Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Badescu, A. M., Bakalova, A., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Bhatta, G., Biermann, P. L., Binet, V., Bismark, K., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Blümer, J., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Bretz, T., Orchera, P. G. Brichetto, Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Büsken, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Canfora, F., Caracas, I., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Chinellato, J. A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Convenga, F., Santos, D. Correia dos, Covault, C. E., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., de Almeida, R. M., de Jesús, J., de Jong, S. J., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., Franco, D. de Oliveira, de Palma, F., de Souza, V., De Vito, E., Del Popolo, A., del Río, M., Deligny, O., Deval, L., di Matteo, A., Dobre, M., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Mendes, L. M. Domingues, Anjos, R. C. dos, Dova, M. T., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C. O., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipčič, A., Fitoussi, T., Fodran, T., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., García, B., Vegas, A. L. Garcia, Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Gongora, J. P., González, J. M., González, N., Goos, I., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Hahn, S., Hamal, P., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Janecek, P., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kääpä, A., Kampert, K. H., Karastathis, N., Keilhauer, B., Khakurdikar, A., Covilakam, V. V. Kizakke, Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Knapp, F., Kunka, N., Lago, B. L., Lang, R. G., Langner, N., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lenok, V., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Presti, D. Lo, Lopes, L., López, R., Lu, L., Luce, Q., Lundquist, J. P., Payeras, A. Machado, Mancarella, G., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Manshanden, J., Mantsch, P., Marafico, S., Mariani, F. M., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinelli, S., Bravo, O. Martínez, Mastrodicasa, M., Mathes, H. J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mayotte, S., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morejon, L., Morello, C., Mostafá, M., Müller, A. L., Muller, M. A., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Muzio, M., Namasaka, W. M., Nasr-Esfahani, A., Nellen, L., Nicora, G., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A, Núñez, L. A., Oliveira, C., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Pawlowsky, J., Pech, M., Pękala, J., Pelayo, R., Peña-Rodriguez, J., Martins, E. E. Pereira, Armand, J. Perez, Bertolli, C. Pérez, Perlin, M., Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Petrucci, C., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Rossoni, S., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saftoiu, A., Saharan, M., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schäfer, C. M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schlüter, F., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schoorlemmer, H., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schulte, J., Schulz, T., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Segreto, A., Sehgal, S., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Smau, R., Šmída, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanca, D., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Streich, A., Suárez-Durán, M., Sudholz, T., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Szadkowski, Z., Tapia, A., Taricco, C., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Torrès, Z., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valore, L., Varela, E., Vásquez-Ramírez, A., Veberič, D., Ventura, C., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Watanabe, C., Watson, A. A., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., and Zehrer, L.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Lorentz invariance violation (LIV) is often described by dispersion relations of the form $E_i^2=m_i^2+p_i^2+\delta_{i,n} E^{2+n}$ with delta different based on particle type $i$, with energy $E$, momentum $p$ and rest mass $m$. Kinematics and energy thresholds of interactions are modified once the LIV terms become comparable to the squared masses of the particles involved. Thus, the strongest constraints on the LIV coefficients $\delta_{i,n}$ tend to come from the highest energies. At sufficiently high energies, photons produced by cosmic ray interactions as they propagate through the Universe could be subluminal and unattenuated over cosmological distances. Cosmic ray interactions can also be modified and lead to detectable fingerprints in the energy spectrum and mass composition observed on Earth. The data collected at the Pierre Auger Observatory are therefore possibly sensitive to both the electromagnetic and hadronic sectors of LIV. In this article, we explore these two sectors by comparing the energy spectrum and the composition of cosmic rays and the upper limits on the photon flux from the Pierre Auger Observatory with simulations including LIV. Constraints on LIV parameters depend strongly on the mass composition of cosmic rays at the highest energies. For the electromagnetic sector, while no constraints can be obtained in the absence of protons beyond $10^{19}$ eV, we obtain $\delta_{\gamma,0} > -10^{-21}$, $\delta_{\gamma,1} > -10^{-40}$ eV$^{-1}$ and $\delta_{\gamma,2} > -10^{-58}$ eV$^{-2}$ in the case of a subdominant proton component up to $10^{20}$ eV. For the hadronic sector, we study the best description of the data as a function of LIV coefficients and we derive constraints in the hadronic sector such as $\delta_{\mathrm{had},0} < 10^{-19}$, $\delta_{\mathrm{had},1} < 10^{-38}$ eV$^{-1}$ and $\delta_{\mathrm{had},2}< 10^{-57}$ eV$^{-2}$ at 5$\sigma$ CL., Comment: Comments: Published version, 22 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables

Published
2021
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28. The energy spectrum of cosmic rays beyond the turn-down around $10^{17}$ eV as measured with the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Almela, A., Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Batista, R. Alves, Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. Araújo, Velázquez, J. C. Arteaga, Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Badescu, A. M., Bakalova, A., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Luz, R. J. Barreira, Becker, K. H., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. L., Billoir, P., Binet, V., Bismark, K., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Bretz, T., Orchera, P. G. Brichetto, Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Büsken, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Canfora, F., Caracas, I., Carceller, J. M., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Chinellato, J. A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Convenga, F., Santos, D. Correia dos, Covault, C. E., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., de Almeida, R. M., de Jesús, J., de Jong, S. J., De Mauro, G., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., Franco, D. de Oliveira, de Palma, F., de Souza, V., De Vito, E., del Río, M., Deligny, O., Di Matteo, A., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Mendes, L. M. Domingues, Anjos, R. C. dos, Santos, D. dos, Dova, M. T., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C. O., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipčič, A., Fitoussi, T., Fodran, T., Freire, M. M., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., García, B., Vegas, A. L. Garcia, Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Gongora, J. P., González, J. M., González, N., Goos, I., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Hahn, S., Hamal, P., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Janecek, P., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kääpä, A., Kampert, K. H., Karastathis, N., Keilhauer, B., Kemp, J., Khakurdikar, A., Covilakam, V. V. Kizakke, Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Köpke, M., Kunka, N., Lago, B. L., Lang, R. G., Langner, N., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lenok, V., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Presti, D. Lo, Lopes, L., López, R., Lu, L., Luce, Q., Lundquist, J. P., Payeras, A. Machado, Mancarella, G., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Manshanden, J., Mantsch, P., Marafico, S., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinelli, S., Martinez, H., Bravo, O. Martínez, Mastrodicasa, M., Mathes, H. J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merenda, K. -D., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mockler, D., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morello, C., Mostafá, M., Müller, A. L., Muller, M. A., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Muzio, M., Namasaka, W. M., Nasr-Esfahani, A., Nellen, L., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A, Núñez, L. A., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Pawlowsky, J., Pech, M., Pedreira, F., Pękala, J., Pelayo, R., Peña-Rodriguez, J., Martins, E. E. Pereira, Armand, J. Perez, Bertolli, C. Pérez, Perlin, M., Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saffi, S. J., Saftoiu, A., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schäfer, C. M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schlüter, F., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schröder, S., Schulte, J., Schulz, A., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Segreto, A., Sehgal, S., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Šmída, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Souchard, J., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanca, D., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Streich, A., Suárez-Durán, M., Sudholz, T., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Szadkowski, Z., Tapia, A., Taricco, C., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Torrès, Z., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valore, L., Varela, E., Vásquez-Ramírez, A., Veberič, D., Ventura, C., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Watanabe, C., Watson, A. A., Weber, M., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Wirtz, M., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., and Zehrer, L.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We present a measurement of the cosmic-ray spectrum above 100\,PeV using the part of the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory that has a spacing of 750~m. An inflection of the spectrum is observed, confirming the presence of the so-called \emph{second-knee} feature. The spectrum is then combined with that of the 1500\,m array to produce a single measurement of the flux, linking this spectral feature with the three additional breaks at the highest energies. The combined spectrum, with an energy scale set calorimetrically via fluorescence telescopes and using a single detector type, results in the most statistically and systematically precise measurement of spectral breaks yet obtained. These measurements are critical for furthering our understanding of the highest energy cosmic rays., Comment: Published version, 25 pages, 20 figures, 11 tables Updated April 2022 to fix typo in Table 10

Published
2021
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30. Effectiveness of Biologics, Patient-Reported Outcomes, and Clinical Photography in a Subset of Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Psoriasis: Week 12 Results from the Psoriasis Study of Health Outcomes (PSoHO)

Author

Travaglini M, Maul JT, Kors C, Zaheri S, Gerwien J, Müller M, Brnabic A, Sabatino S, Schuster C, and Tsai TF

Subjects
psoriasis, ixekizumab, guselkumab, real-world, clinical photography, Dermatology, RL1-803
Abstract

Massimo Travaglini,1 Julia-Tatjana Maul,2,3 Christian Kors,4 Shirin Zaheri,5 Jens Gerwien,6 Michaela Müller,6 Alan Brnabic,6 Silvia Sabatino,6 Christopher Schuster,6,7 Tsen-Fang Tsai8 1Centre for the Treatment of Psoriasis, Di Summa-Perrino Hospital, Brindisi, Italy; 2Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; 3Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; 4Private Practice Dermatology, Berlin, Germany; 5Department of Dermatology, The Harley Street Clinic, HCA Healthcare UK, London, UK; 6Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA; 7Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; 8Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei City, TaiwanCorrespondence: Tsen-Fang Tsai, Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei City, 100225, Taiwan, Tel +886 223123456&num;65734, Email tftsai@yahoo.comPurpose: Since skin is highly accessible, clinical photography is a useful tool to visually substantiate the real-world effectiveness outcomes of biologic-treated adults with moderate-to-severe psoriasis (PsO). We report the effectiveness and patient-reported outcomes at Week 12 between anti-interleukin (IL)-17A biologics and other biologics as well as ixekizumab and guselkumab in patients with available clinical photography at baseline and Week 12.Patients and Methods: The Psoriasis Study of Health Outcomes (PSoHO) is an international, non-interventional, cohort study investigating the effectiveness of biologics in adults with moderate-to-severe psoriasis at Week 12. Outcomes included the proportion of patients who achieved 90% improvement in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI90) and/or static Physician Global Assessment (sPGA) 0/1 (primary endpoint), PASI100, PASI90, Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), and Itch Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) (secondary endpoints) at Week 12. Data are reported descriptively.Results: This analysis included 59 biologic-treated (23 anti-IL-17A; 36 other biologics) patients with available clinical photographs from the overall PSoHO study (n=1981). At baseline, the mean (standard deviation [SD]) age was 45.7 (11.1) years, 71.2% were male, 52.5% were bio-experienced and the median (interquartile range) duration of disease was 10.5 (12.4) years. Mean (SD) PASI was 16.9 (9.3) and sPGA was 3.5 (0.8). At Week 12, 65.2%/47.2% of the anti-IL-17A/other biologics cohort achieved the primary outcome. Response rates for PASI90/100 were numerically higher with anti-IL-17A than with other biologics. Patients receiving anti-IL-17A had numerically better outcomes for DLQI 0/1 and Itch NRS than those receiving other biologics at Week 12. Clinical photographs confirmed skin improvements in ixekizumab- and guselkumab-treated patients.Conclusion: This subgroup analysis showed that anti-IL-17A biologics are effective at rapidly improving signs and symptoms of PsO and improving quality of life. Additionally, serial photography provided visual evidence of biologic treatment response over time.Keywords: psoriasis, ixekizumab, guselkumab, real-world, clinical photography

Published
2023

32. Epidemiology of healthcare-associated Pseudomonas aeruginosa in intensive care units: are sink drains to blame?

Author

Volling, C., Mataseje, L., Graña-Miraglia, L., Hu, X., Anceva-Sami, S., Coleman, B.L., Downing, M., Hota, S., Jamal, A.J., Johnstone, J., Katz, K., Leis, J.A., Li, A., Mahesh, V., Melano, R., Muller, M., Nayani, S., Patel, S., Paterson, A., Pejkovska, M., Ricciuto, D., Sultana, A., Vikulova, T., Zhong, Z., McGeer, A., Guttman, D.S., and Mulvey, M.R.

Published
2024
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33. Extraction of the Muon Signals Recorded with the Surface Detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory Using Recurrent Neural Networks

Author

The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Almela, A., Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Batista, R. Alves, Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. Araújo, Velázquez, J. C. Arteaga, Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Badescu, A. M., Bakalova, A., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Luz, R. J. Barreira, Becker, K. H., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. L., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Bretz, T., Orchera, P. G. Brichetto, Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Canfora, F., Caracas, I., Carceller, J. M., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Chinellato, J. A., Choi, K., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Convenga, F., Santos, D. Correia dos, Covault, C. E., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., de Almeida, R. M., de Jesús, J., de Jong, S. J., De Mauro, G., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., Franco, D. de Oliveira, de Palma, F., de Souza, V., De Vito, E., del Río, M., Deligny, O., Di Matteo, A., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Anjos, R. C. dos, Dova, M. T., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C. O., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipčič, A., Fodran, T., Freire, M. M., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., García, B., Vegas, A. L. Garcia, Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Giller, M., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Gongora, J. P., González, J. M., González, N., Goos, I., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Hahn, S., Hamal, P., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Hulsman, J., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Janecek, P., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kääpä, A., Kampert, K. H., Keilhauer, B., Kemp, J., Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Köpke, M., Kunka, N., Lago, B. L., Lang, R. G., Langner, N., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lenok, V., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Presti, D. Lo, Lopes, L., López, R., Lu, L., Luce, Q., Lucero, A., Lundquist, J. P., Payeras, A. Machado, Mancarella, G., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Manshanden, J., Mantsch, P., Marafico, S., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinez, H., Bravo, O. Martínez, Mastrodicasa, M., Mathes, H. J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merenda, K. -D., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morello, C., Mostafá, M., Müller, A. L., Muller, M. A., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Muzio, M., Namasaka, W. M., Nasr-Esfahani, A., Nellen, L., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A, Núñez, L. A., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Pech, M., Pedreira, F., Pȩkala, J., Pelayo, R., Peña-Rodriguez, J., Martins, E. E. Pereira, Armand, J. Perez, Bertolli, C. Pérez, Perlin, M., Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saffi, S. J., Saftoiu, A., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schäfer, C. M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schlüter, F., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schröder, S., Schulte, J., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Segreto, A., Sehgal, S., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Šmída, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Souchard, J., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanca, D., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Streich, A., Suárez-Durán, M., Sudholz, T., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Šupík, J., Szadkowski, Z., Taboada, A., Tapia, A., Taricco, C., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Trini, M., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valore, L., Varela, E., C., V. Varma K., Vásquez-Ramírez, A., Veberič, D., Ventura, C., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Watanabe, C., Watson, A. A., Weber, M., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Winchen, T., Wirtz, M., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zehrer, L., and Zepeda, A.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The Pierre Auger Observatory, at present the largest cosmic-ray observatory ever built, is instrumented with a ground array of 1600 water-Cherenkov detectors, known as the Surface Detector (SD). The SD samples the secondary particle content (mostly photons, electrons, positrons and muons) of extensive air showers initiated by cosmic rays with energies ranging from $10^{17}~$eV up to more than $10^{20}~$eV. Measuring the independent contribution of the muon component to the total registered signal is crucial to enhance the capability of the Observatory to estimate the mass of the cosmic rays on an event-by-event basis. However, with the current design of the SD, it is difficult to straightforwardly separate the contributions of muons to the SD time traces from those of photons, electrons and positrons. In this paper, we present a method aimed at extracting the muon component of the time traces registered with each individual detector of the SD using Recurrent Neural Networks. We derive the performances of the method by training the neural network on simulations, in which the muon and the electromagnetic components of the traces are known. We conclude this work showing the performance of this method on experimental data of the Pierre Auger Observatory. We find that our predictions agree with the parameterizations obtained by the AGASA collaboration to describe the lateral distributions of the electromagnetic and muonic components of extensive air showers., Comment: Published version, 23 pages, 15 figures

Published
2021
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34. Measurement of the fluctuations in the number of muons in extensive air showers with the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Almela, A., Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Batista, R. Alves, Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. Araújo, Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Badescu, A. M., Bakalova, A., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Luz, R. J. Barreira, Becker, K. H., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. L., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Bretz, T., Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Cancio, A., Canfora, F., Caracas, I., Carceller, J. M., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Chinellato, J. A., Choi, K., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Convenga, F., Covault, C. E., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., de Almeida, R. M., de Jesús, J., de Jong, S. J., De Mauro, G., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., Franco, D. de Oliveira, de Souza, V., De Vito, E., Debatin, J., del Río, M., Deligny, O., Dembinski, H., Dhital, N., Di Matteo, A., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Anjos, R. C. dos, Dova, M. T., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C. O., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipčič, A., Fodran, T., Freire, M. M., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., García, B., Vegas, A. L. Garcia, Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Giller, M., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Gongora, J. P., González, N., Goos, I., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Hahn, S., Halliday, R., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Hulsman, J., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kääpä, A., Kampert, K. H., Keilhauer, B., Kemp, J., Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Köpke, M., Mezek, G. Kukec, Lago, B. L., LaHurd, D., Lang, R. G., Langner, N., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lenok, V., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Presti, D. Lo, Lopes, L., López, R., Lorek, R., Luce, Q., Lucero, A., Lundquist, J. P., Payeras, A. Machado, Mancarella, G., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Manshanden, J., Mantsch, P., Marafico, S., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinez, H., Bravo, O. Martínez, Mastrodicasa, M., Mathes, H. J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merenda, K. -D., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morello, C., Mostafá, M., Müller, A. L., Muller, M. A., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Muzio, M., Namasaka, W. M., Nellen, L., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A, Núñez, L. A., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Pech, M., Pedreira, F., Pękala, J., Pelayo, R., Peña-Rodriguez, J., Armand, J. Perez, Perlin, M., Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Ristori, P., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saffi, S. J., Saftoiu, A., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schäfer, C. M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schlüter, F., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schröder, S., Schulte, J., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Šmída, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Souchard, J., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanca, D., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Streich, A., Suárez-Durán, M., Sudholz, T., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Šupík, J., Szadkowski, Z., Taboada, A., Tapia, A., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Elipe, G. Torralba, Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Trini, M., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valiño, I., Valore, L., Varela, E., C., V. Varma K., Vásquez-Ramírez, A., Veberič, D., Ventura, C., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Watson, A. A., Weber, M., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Winchen, T., Wirtz, M., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zehrer, L., and Zepeda, A.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We present the first measurement of the fluctuations in the number of muons in extensive air showers produced by ultrahigh energy cosmic rays. We find that the measured fluctuations are in good agreement with predictions from air shower simulations. This observation provides new insights into the origin of the previously reported deficit of muons in air shower simulations and constrains models of hadronic interactions at ultrahigh energies. Our measurement is compatible with the muon deficit originating from small deviations in the predictions from hadronic interaction models of particle production that accumulate as the showers develop., Comment: Published version, 11 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, Supplemental material appended

Published
2021
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35. The FRAM robotic telescope for atmospheric monitoring at the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Almela, A., Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Batista, R. Alves, Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. Araújo, Velázquez, J. C. Arteaga, Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Badescu, A. M., Bakalova, A., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Luz, R. J. Barreira, Becker, K. H., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. L., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Bretz, T., Orchera, P. G. Brichetto, Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Canfora, F., Caracas, I., Carceller, J. M., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Chinellato, J. A., Choi, K., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Convenga, F., Santos, D. Correia dos, Covault, C. E., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., de Almeida, R. M., de Jesús, J., de Jong, S. J., De Mauro, G., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., Franco, D. de Oliveira, de Palma, F., de Souza, V., De Vito, E., del Río, M., Deligny, O., Di Matteo, A., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Anjos, R. C. dos, Dova, M. T., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C. O., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipčič, A., Fodran, T., Freire, M. M., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., García, B., Vegas, A. L. Garcia, Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Giller, M., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Gongora, J. P., González, J. M., González, N., Goos, I., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Hahn, S., Hamal, P., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Hulsman, J., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Janecek, P., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kääpä, A., Kampert, K. H., Keilhauer, B., Kemp, J., Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Köpke, M., Kunka, N., Lago, B. L., Lang, R. G., Langner, N., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lenok, V., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Presti, D. Lo, Lopes, L., López, R., Lu, L., Luce, Q., Lucero, A., Lundquist, J. P., Payeras, A. Machado, Mancarella, G., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Manshanden, J., Mantsch, P., Marafico, S., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinez, H., Bravo, O. Martínez, Mastrodicasa, M., Mathes, H. J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merenda, K. -D., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morello, C., Mostafá, M., Müller, A. L., Muller, M. A., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Muzio, M., Namasaka, W. M., Nasr-Esfahani, A., Nellen, L., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A, Núñez, L. A., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Pech, M., Pedreira, F., Pękala, J., Pelayo, R., Peña-Rodriguez, J., Martins, E. E. Pereira, Armand, J. Perez, Bertolli, C. Pérez, Perlin, M., Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saffi, S. J., Saftoiu, A., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schäfer, C. M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schlüter, F., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schröder, S., Schulte, J., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Segreto, A., Sehgal, S., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Šmída, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Souchard, J., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanca, D., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Streich, A., Suárez-Durán, M., Sudholz, T., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Šupík, J., Szadkowski, Z., Taboada, A., Tapia, A., Taricco, C., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Trini, M., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valore, L., Varela, E., C., V. Varma K., Vásquez-Ramírez, A., Veberič, D., Ventura, C., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Watanabe, C., Watson, A. A., Weber, M., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Winchen, T., Wirtz, M., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zehrer, L., Zepeda, A., Cunniffe, R., Eliášek, J., Ebrová, I., Jelínek, M., Karpov, S., Kubánek, P., and Mašek, M.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

FRAM (F/Photometric Robotic Atmospheric Monitor) is a robotic telescope operated at the Pierre Auger Observatory in Argentina for the purposes of atmospheric monitoring using stellar photometry. As a passive system which does not produce any light that could interfere with the observations of the fluorescence telescopes of the observatory, it complements the active monitoring systems that use lasers. We discuss the applications of stellar photometry for atmospheric monitoring at optical observatories in general and the particular modes of operation employed by the Auger FRAM. We describe in detail the technical aspects of FRAM, the hardware and software requirements for a successful operation of a robotic telescope for such a purpose and their implementation within the FRAM system., Comment: Published version, 27 pages, 8 figures

Published
2021
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36. Design and implementation of the AMIGA embedded system for data acquisition

Author

The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Almela, A., Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Batista, R. Alves, Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. Araújo, Velázquez, J. C. Arteaga, Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Badescu, A. M., Bakalova, A., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Luz, R. J. Barreira, Becker, K. H., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. L., Binet, V., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Bretz, T., Orchera, P. G. Brichetto, Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Canfora, F., Caracas, I., Carceller, J. M., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Chinellato, J. A., Choi, K., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Convenga, F., Santos, D. Correia dos, Covault, C. E., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., de Almeida, R. M., de Jesús, J., de Jong, S. J., De Mauro, G., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., Franco, D. de Oliveira, de Palma, F., de Souza, V., De Vito, E., del Río, M., Deligny, O., Di Matteo, A., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Anjos, R. C. dos, Dova, M. T., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C. O., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipčič, A., Fodran, T., Freire, M. M., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., García, B., Vegas, A. L. Garcia, Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Giller, M., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Gongora, J. P., González, J. M., González, N., Goos, I., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Hahn, S., Hamal, P., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Hulsman, J., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Janecek, P., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kääpä, A., Kampert, K. H., Keilhauer, B., Kemp, J., Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Köpke, M., Kunka, N., Lago, B. L., Lang, R. G., Langner, N., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lenok, V., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Presti, D. Lo, Lopes, L., López, R., Lu, L., Luce, Q., Lundquist, J. P., Payeras, A. Machado, Mancarella, G., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Manshanden, J., Mantsch, P., Marafico, S., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinez, H., Bravo, O. Martínez, Mastrodicasa, M., Mathes, H. J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merenda, K. -D., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morello, C., Mostafá, M., Müller, A. L., Muller, M. A., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Muzio, M., Namasaka, W. M., Nasr-Esfahani, A., Nellen, L., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A, Núñez, L. A., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Pech, M., Pedreira, F., Pękala, J., Pelayo, R., Peña-Rodriguez, J., Martins, E. E. Pereira, Armand, J. Perez, Bertolli, C. Pérez, Perlin, M., Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saffi, S. J., Saftoiu, A., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schäfer, C. M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schlüter, F., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schröder, S., Schulte, J., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Segreto, A., Sehgal, S., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Šmída, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Souchard, J., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanca, D., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Streich, A., Suárez-Durán, M., Sudholz, T., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Šupík, J., Szadkowski, Z., Tapia, A., Taricco, C., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Trini, M., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valore, L., Varela, E., C., V. Varma K., Vásquez-Ramírez, A., Veberič, D., Ventura, C., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Watanabe, C., Watson, A. A., Weber, M., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Wirtz, M., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zehrer, L., Zepeda, A., del Castillo, N., de Innocenti, G., Ferreyro, L., Garavano, S., Gorbeña, D., Leal, N., Ríos, G., Paramidani, M., Pierri, G., Reyes, C., Riello, A., Salum, J. M., Croce, A. P. J. Sedoski, Silva, D., and Varela, C.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

The Auger Muon Infill Ground Array (AMIGA) is part of the AugerPrime upgrade of the Pierre Auger Observatory. It consists of particle counters buried 2.3 m underground next to the water-Cherenkov stations that form the 23.5 km$^2$ large infilled array. The reduced distance between detectors in this denser area allows the lowering of the energy threshold for primary cosmic ray reconstruction down to about 10$^{17}$ eV. At the depth of 2.3 m the electromagnetic component of cosmic ray showers is almost entirely absorbed so that the buried scintillators provide an independent and direct measurement of the air showers muon content. This work describes the design and implementation of the AMIGA embedded system, which provides centralized control, data acquisition and environment monitoring to its detectors. The presented system was firstly tested in the engineering array phase ended in 2017, and lately selected as the final design to be installed in all new detectors of the production phase. The system was proven to be robust and reliable and has worked in a stable manner since its first deployment., Comment: Accepted for publication at JINST. Published version, 34 pages, 15 figures, 4 tables

Published
2021
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37. Deep-Learning based Reconstruction of the Shower Maximum $X_{\mathrm{max}}$ using the Water-Cherenkov Detectors of the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Almela, A., Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Batista, R. Alves, Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. Araújo, Velázquez, J. C. Arteaga, Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Badescu, A. M., Bakalova, A., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Luz, R. J. Barreira, Becker, K. H., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. L., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Bretz, T., Orchera, P. G. Brichetto, Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Canfora, F., Caracas, I., Carceller, J. M., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Chinellato, J. A., Choi, K., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Convenga, F., Santos, D. Correia dos, Covault, C. E., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., de Almeida, R. M., de Jesús, J., de Jong, S. J., De Mauro, G., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., Franco, D. de Oliveira, de Palma, F., de Souza, V., De Vito, E., del Río, M., Deligny, O., Di Matteo, A., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Anjos, R. C. dos, Dova, M. T., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C. O., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipčič, A., Fodran, T., Freire, M. M., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., García, B., Vegas, A. L. Garcia, Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Giller, M., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Gongora, J. P., González, J. M., González, N., Goos, I., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Hahn, S., Hamal, P., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Hulsman, J., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Janecek, P., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kääpä, A., Kampert, K. H., Keilhauer, B., Kemp, J., Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Köpke, M., Kunka, N., Lago, B. L., Lang, R. G., Langner, N., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lenok, V., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Presti, D. Lo, Lopes, L., López, R., Lu, L., Luce, Q., Lucero, A., Lundquist, J. P., Payeras, A. Machado, Mancarella, G., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Manshanden, J., Mantsch, P., Marafico, S., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinez, H., Bravo, O. Martínez, Mastrodicasa, M., Mathes, H. J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merenda, K. -D., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morello, C., Mostafá, M., Müller, A. L., Muller, M. A., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Muzio, M., Namasaka, W. M., Nasr-Esfahani, A., Nellen, L., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A, Núñez, L. A., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Pech, M., Pedreira, F., Pękala, J., Pelayo, R., Peña-Rodriguez, J., Martins, E. E. Pereira, Armand, J. Perez, Bertolli, C. Pérez, Perlin, M., Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saffi, S. J., Saftoiu, A., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schäfer, C. M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schlüter, F., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schröder, S., Schulte, J., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Segreto, A., Sehgal, S., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Šmída, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Souchard, J., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanca, D., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Streich, A., Suárez-Durán, M., Sudholz, T., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Šupík, J., Szadkowski, Z., Taboada, A., Tapia, A., Taricco, C., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Trini, M., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valore, L., Varela, E., C., V. Varma K., Vásquez-Ramírez, A., Veberič, D., Ventura, C., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Watanabe, C., Watson, A. A., Weber, M., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Winchen, T., Wirtz, M., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zehrer, L., and Zepeda, A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The atmospheric depth of the air shower maximum $X_{\mathrm{max}}$ is an observable commonly used for the determination of the nuclear mass composition of ultra-high energy cosmic rays. Direct measurements of $X_{\mathrm{max}}$ are performed using observations of the longitudinal shower development with fluorescence telescopes. At the same time, several methods have been proposed for an indirect estimation of $X_{\mathrm{max}}$ from the characteristics of the shower particles registered with surface detector arrays. In this paper, we present a deep neural network (DNN) for the estimation of $X_{\mathrm{max}}$. The reconstruction relies on the signals induced by shower particles in the ground based water-Cherenkov detectors of the Pierre Auger Observatory. The network architecture features recurrent long short-term memory layers to process the temporal structure of signals and hexagonal convolutions to exploit the symmetry of the surface detector array. We evaluate the performance of the network using air showers simulated with three different hadronic interaction models. Thereafter, we account for long-term detector effects and calibrate the reconstructed $X_{\mathrm{max}}$ using fluorescence measurements. Finally, we show that the event-by-event resolution in the reconstruction of the shower maximum improves with increasing shower energy and reaches less than $25~\mathrm{g/cm^{2}}$ at energies above $2\times 10^{19}~\mathrm{eV}$., Comment: Published version, 29 pages, 12 figures

Published
2021
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42. Calibration of the underground muon detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Almela, A., Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Batista, R. Alves, Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. Araújo, Velázquez, J. C. Arteaga, Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Badescu, A. M., Bakalova, A., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Luz, R. J. Barreira, Becker, K. H., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. L., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Bretz, T., Orchera, P. G. Brichetto, Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Canfora, F., Caracas, I., Carceller, J. M., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Chinellato, J. A., Choi, K., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Convenga, F., Santos, D. Correia dos, Covault, C. E., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., de Almeida, R. M., de Jesús, J., de Jong, S. J., De Mauro, G., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., Franco, D. de Oliveira, de Palma, F., de Souza, V., De Vito, E., del Río, M., Deligny, O., Di Matteo, A., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Anjos, R. C. dos, Dova, M. T., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C. O., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipčič, A., Fodran, T., Freire, M. M., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., García, B., Vegas, A. L. Garcia, Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Giller, M., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Gongora, J. P., González, J. M., González, N., Goos, I., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Hahn, S., Hamal, P., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Hulsman, J., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Janecek, P., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kääpä, A., Kampert, K. H., Keilhauer, B., Kemp, J., Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Köpke, M., Kunka, N., Lago, B. L., Lang, R. G., Langner, N., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lenok, V., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Presti, D. Lo, Lopes, L., López, R., Lu, L., Luce, Q., Lucero, A., Lundquist, J. P., Payeras, A. Machado, Mancarella, G., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Manshanden, J., Mantsch, P., Marafico, S., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinez, H., Bravo, O. Martínez, Mastrodicasa, M., Mathes, H. J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merenda, K. -D., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morello, C., Mostafá, M., Müller, A. L., Muller, M. A., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Muzio, M., Namasaka, W. M., Nasr-Esfahani, A., Nellen, L., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A, Núñez, L. A., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Pech, M., Pedreira, F., Pękala, J., Pelayo, R., Peña-Rodriguez, J., Martins, E. E. Pereira, Armand, J. Perez, Bertolli, C. Pérez, Perlin, M., Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saffi, S. J., Saftoiu, A., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schäfer, C. M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schlüter, F., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schröder, S., Schulte, J., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Segreto, A., Sehgal, S., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Šmída, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Souchard, J., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanca, D., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Streich, A., Suárez-Durán, M., Sudholz, T., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Šupík, J., Szadkowski, Z., Taboada, A., Tapia, A., Taricco, C., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Trini, M., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valore, L., Varela, E., C., V. Varma K., Vásquez-Ramírez, A., Veberič, D., Ventura, C., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Watanabe, C., Watson, A. A., Weber, M., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Winchen, T., Wirtz, M., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zehrer, L., and Zepeda, A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

To obtain direct measurements of the muon content of extensive air showers with energy above $10^{16.5}$ eV, the Pierre Auger Observatory is currently being equipped with an underground muon detector (UMD), consisting of 219 10 $\mathrm{m^2}$-modules, each segmented into 64 scintillators coupled to silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs). Direct access to the shower muon content allows for the study of both of the composition of primary cosmic rays and of high-energy hadronic interactions in the forward direction. As the muon density can vary between tens of muons per m$^2$ close to the intersection of the shower axis with the ground to much less than one per m$^2$ when far away, the necessary broad dynamic range is achieved by the simultaneous implementation of two acquisition modes in the read-out electronics: the binary mode, tuned to count single muons, and the ADC mode, suited to measure a high number of them. In this work, we present the end-to-end calibration of the muon detector modules: first, the SiPMs are calibrated by means of the binary channel, and then, the ADC channel is calibrated using atmospheric muons, detected in parallel to the shower data acquisition. The laboratory and field measurements performed to develop the implementation of the full calibration chain of both binary and ADC channels are presented and discussed. The calibration procedure is reliable to work with the high amount of channels in the UMD, which will be operated continuously, in changing environmental conditions, for several years., Comment: Published version, 25 pages, 12 figures, 0 tables

Published
2020
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43. Design, upgrade and characterization of the silicon photomultiplier front-end for the AMIGA detector at the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Almela, A., Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Batista, R. Alves, Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. Araújo, Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Badescu, A. M., Bakalova, A., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Luz, R. J. Barreira, Becker, K. H., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. L., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Bretz, T., Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Canfora, F., Caracas, I., Carceller, J. M., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Chinellato, J. A., Choi, K., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Convenga, F., Covault, C. E., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., de Almeida, R. M., de Jesús, J., de Jong, S. J., De Mauro, G., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., Franco, D. de Oliveira, de Souza, V., De Vito, E., Debatin, J., del Río, M., Deligny, O., Di Matteo, A., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Anjos, R. C. dos, Dova, M. T., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C. O., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipčič, A., Fodran, T., Freire, M. M., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., García, B., Vegas, A. L. Garcia, Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Giller, M., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Gongora, J. P., González, J. M., González, N., Goos, I., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Hahn, S., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Hulsman, J., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kääpä, A., Kampert, K. H., Keilhauer, B., Kemp, J., Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Köpke, M., Lago, B. L., Lang, R. G., Langner, N., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lenok, V., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Presti, D. Lo, Lopes, L., López, R., Luce, Q., Lucero, A., Lundquist, J. P., Payeras, A. Machado, Mancarella, G., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Manshanden, J., Mantsch, P., Marafico, S., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinez, H., Bravo, O. Martínez, Mastrodicasa, M., Mathes, H. J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merenda, K. -D., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morello, C., Mostafá, M., Müller, A. L., Muller, M. A., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Muzio, M., Namasaka, W. M., Nellen, L., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A, Núñez, L. A., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Pech, M., Pedreira, F., Pękala, J., Pelayo, R., Peña-Rodriguez, J., Armand, J. Perez, Perlin, M., Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Ristori, P., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saffi, S. J., Saftoiu, A., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schäfer, C. M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schlüter, F., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schröder, S., Schulte, J., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Šmída, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Souchard, J., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanca, D., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Streich, A., Suárez-Durán, M., Sudholz, T., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Šupík, J., Szadkowski, Z., Taboada, A., Tapia, A., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Trini, M., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valore, L., Varela, E., C., V. Varma K., Vásquez-Ramírez, A., Veberič, D., Ventura, C., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Watson, A. A., Weber, M., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Winchen, T., Wirtz, M., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zehrer, L., and Zepeda, A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

AMIGA (Auger Muons and Infill for the Ground Array) is an upgrade of the Pierre Auger Observatory to complement the study of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECR) by measuring the muon content of extensive air showers (EAS). It consists of an array of 61 water Cherenkov detectors on a denser spacing in combination with underground scintillation detectors used for muon density measurement. Each detector is composed of three scintillation modules, with 10 m$^2$ detection area per module, buried at 2.3 m depth, resulting in a total detection area of 30 m$^2$. Silicon photomultiplier sensors (SiPM) measure the amount of scintillation light generated by charged particles traversing the modules. In this paper, the design of the front-end electronics to process the signals of those SiPMs and test results from the laboratory and from the Pierre Auger Observatory are described. Compared to our previous prototype, the new electronics shows a higher performance, higher efficiency and lower power consumption, and it has a new acquisition system with increased dynamic range that allows measurements closer to the shower core. The new acquisition system is based on the measurement of the total charge signal that the muonic component of the cosmic ray shower generates in the detector., Comment: 40 pages, 33 figures

Published
2020
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44. A search for ultra high energy neutrinos from TXS 0506+056 using the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Almela, A., Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Batista, R. Alves, Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. Araújo, Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Badescu, A. M., Bakalova, A., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Luz, R. J. Barreira, Becker, K. H., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. L., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Bretz, T., Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Calcagni, L., Cancio, A., Canfora, F., Caracas, I., Carceller, J. M., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Chinellato, J. A., Choi, K., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Convenga, F., Covault, C. E., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., de Almeida, R. M., de Jesús, J., de Jong, S. J., De Mauro, G., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., Franco, D. de Oliveira, de Souza, V., De Vito, E., Debatin, J., del Río, M., Deligny, O., Dhital, N., Di Matteo, A., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Dorosti, Q., Anjos, R. C. dos, Dova, M. T., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C. O., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipčič, A., Fodran, T., Freire, M. M., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., García, B., Vegas, A. L. Garcia, Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Giller, M., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Gongora, J. P., González, N., Goos, I., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Hahn, S., Halliday, R., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Hulsman, J., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kääpä, A., Kampert, K. H., Keilhauer, B., Kemp, J., Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Köpke, M., Mezek, G. Kukec, Lago, B. L., LaHurd, D., Lang, R. G., Langner, N., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lenok, V., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Presti, D. Lo, Lopes, L., López, R., Lorek, R., Luce, Q., Lucero, A., Payeras, A. Machado, Mancarella, G., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Manshanden, J., Mantsch, P., Marafico, S., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinez, H., Bravo, O. Martínez, Mastrodicasa, M., Mathes, H. J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merenda, K. -D., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mockler, D., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morello, C., Mostafá, M., Müller, A. L., Muller, M. A., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Muzio, M., Namasaka, W. M., Nellen, L., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A, Núñez, L. A., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Pech, M., Pedreira, F., Pękala, J., Pelayo, R., Peña-Rodriguez, J., Armand, J. Perez, Perlin, M., Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Ristori, P., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saffi, S. J., Saftoiu, A., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schäfer, C. M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schlüter, F., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schröder, S., Schulte, J., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Šmída, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Souchard, J., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanca, D., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Streich, A., Suárez-Durán, M., Sudholz, T., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Šupík, J., Szadkowski, Z., Taboada, A., Tapia, A., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Trini, M., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valore, L., Varela, E., Vásquez-Ramírez, A., Veberič, D., Ventura, C., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Watson, A. A., Weber, M., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Winchen, T., Wirtz, M., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zehrer, L., Zepeda, A., and Ziolkowski, M.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Results of a search for ultra-high-energy neutrinos with the Pierre Auger Observatory from the direction of the blazar TXS 0506+056 are presented. They were obtained as part of the follow-up that stemmed from the detection of high-energy neutrinos and gamma rays with IceCube, \textit{Fermi}-LAT, MAGIC, and other detectors of electromagnetic radiation in several bands. The Pierre Auger Observatory is sensitive to neutrinos in the energy range from 100 PeV to 100 EeV and in the zenith angle range from $\theta=60^\circ$ to $\theta=95^\circ$, where the zenith angle is measured from the vertical direction. No neutrinos from the direction of TXS 0506+056 have been found. The results were analyzed in three periods: One of 6 months around the detection of IceCube-170922A, coinciding with a flare period of TXS 0506+056, a second one of 110 days during which the IceCube collaboration found an excess of 13 neutrinos from a direction compatible with TXS 0506+056, and a third one from 2004 January 1 up to 2018 August 31, over which the Pierre Auger Observatory has been taking data. The sensitivity of the Observatory is addressed for different spectral indices by considering the fluxes that would induce a single expected event during the observation period. For indices compatible with those measured by the IceCube collaboration the expected number of neutrinos at the Observatory is well-below one. Spectral indices as hard as 1.5 would have to apply in this energy range to expect a single event to have been detected., Comment: Published version, 4 figures

Published
2020
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45. Measurement of the cosmic-ray energy spectrum above $2.5{\times} 10^{18}$ eV using the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Almela, A., Castillo, J. Alvarez, Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Batista, R. Alves, Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. Araújo, Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Badescu, A. M., Bakalova, A., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Luz, R. J. Barreira, Becker, K. H., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. L., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blanco, A., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Bretz, T., Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Calcagni, L., Cancio, A., Canfora, F., Caracas, I., Carceller, J. M., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Chinellato, J. A., Choi, K., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Convenga, F., Covault, C. E., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., de Almeida, R. M., de Jesús, J., de Jong, S. J., De Mauro, G., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., Franco, D. de Oliveira, de Souza, V., De Vito, E., Debatin, J., del Río, M., Deligny, O., Dembinski, H., Dhital, N., Di Giulio, C., Di Matteo, A., Castro, M. L. Díaz, Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Dorosti, Q., Anjos, R. C. dos, Dova, M. T., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C. O., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipčič, A., Fodran, T., Freire, M. M., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., García, B., Vegas, A. L. Garcia, Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Giller, M., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Gongora, J. P., González, N., Goos, I., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Hahn, S., Halliday, R., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Hulsman, J., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kääpä, A., Kampert, K. H., Keilhauer, B., Kemp, J., Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Köpke, M., Mezek, G. Kukec, Lago, B. L., LaHurd, D., Lang, R. G., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lenok, V., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Presti, D. Lo, Lopes, L., López, R., Lorek, R., Luce, Q., Lucero, A., Payeras, A. Machado, Malacari, M., Mancarella, G., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Manshanden, J., Mantsch, P., Marafico, S., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinez, H., Bravo, O. Martínez, Mastrodicasa, M., Mathes, H. J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merenda, K. -D., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mockler, D., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morello, C., Mostafá, M., Müller, A. L., Muller, M. A., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Muzio, M., Namasaka, W. M., Nellen, L., Nguyen, P. H., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A, Núñez, L. A., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Panetta, M. P., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Pech, M., Pedreira, F., Pękala, J., Pelayo, R., Peña-Rodriguez, J., Armand, J. Perez, Perlin, M., Perrone, L., Peters, C., Petrera, S., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Ristori, P., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saffi, S. J., Saftoiu, A., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schäfer, C., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schlüter, F., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schröder, S., Schulz, A., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Šmída, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Souchard, J., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanca, D., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Streich, A., Suárez-Durán, M., Sudholz, T., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Šupík, J., Szadkowski, Z., Taboada, A., Tapia, A., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Elipe, G. Torralba, Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Trini, M., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Urban, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valiño, I., Valore, L., van Vliet, A., Varela, E., Cárdenas, B. Vargas, Vásquez-Ramírez, A., Veberič, D., Ventura, C., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Villaseñor, L., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Watson, A. A., Weber, M., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Winchen, T., Wirtz, M., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zehrer, L., Zepeda, A., Ziolkowski, M., and Zuccarello, F.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We report a measurement of the energy spectrum of cosmic rays for energies above $2.5 {\times} 10^{18}~$eV based on 215,030 events recorded with zenith angles below $60^\circ$. A key feature of the work is that the estimates of the energies are independent of assumptions about the unknown hadronic physics or of the primary mass composition. The measurement is the most precise made hitherto with the accumulated exposure being so large that the measurements of the flux are dominated by systematic uncertainties except at energies above $5 {\times} 10^{19}~$eV. The principal conclusions are: (1) The flattening of the spectrum near $5 {\times} 10^{18}~$eV, the so-called "ankle", is confirmed. (2) The steepening of the spectrum at around $5 {\times} 10^{19}~$eV is confirmed. (3) A new feature has been identified in the spectrum: in the region above the ankle the spectral index $\gamma$ of the particle flux ($\propto E^{-\gamma}$) changes from $2.51 \pm 0.03~{\rm (stat.)} \pm 0.05~{\rm (sys.)}$ to $3.05 \pm 0.05~{\rm (stat.)} \pm 0.10~{\rm (sys.)}$ before changing sharply to $5.1 \pm 0.3~{\rm (stat.)} \pm 0.1~{\rm (sys.)}$ above $5 {\times} 10^{19}~$eV. (4) No evidence for any dependence of the spectrum on declination has been found other than a mild excess from the Southern Hemisphere that is consistent with the anisotropy observed above $8 {\times} 10^{18}~$eV., Comment: Published version; 16 figures, 6 table

Published
2020
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46. Features of the energy spectrum of cosmic rays above $2.5{\times} 10^{18}$ eV using the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Almela, A., Castillo, J. Alvarez, Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Batista, R. Alves, Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. Araújo, Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Badescu, A. M., Bakalova, A., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Luz, R. J. Barreira, Becker, K. H., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. L., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blanco, A., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Bretz, T., Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Calcagni, L., Cancio, A., Canfora, F., Caracas, I., Carceller, J. M., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Chinellato, J. A., Choi, K., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Convenga, F., Covault, C. E., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., de Almeida, R. M., de Jesús, J., de Jong, S. J., De Mauro, G., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., Franco, D. de Oliveira, de Souza, V., De Vito, E., Debatin, J., del Río, M., Deligny, O., Dembinski, H., Dhital, N., Di Giulio, C., Di Matteo, A., Castro, M. L. Díaz, Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Dorosti, Q., Anjos, R. C. dos, Dova, M. T., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C. O., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipčič, A., Fodran, T., Freire, M. M., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., García, B., Vegas, A. L. Garcia, Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Giller, M., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Gongora, J. P., González, N., Goos, I., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Hahn, S., Halliday, R., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Hulsman, J., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kääpä, A., Kampert, K. H., Keilhauer, B., Kemp, J., Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Köpke, M., Mezek, G. Kukec, Lago, B. L., LaHurd, D., Lang, R. G., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lenok, V., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Presti, D. Lo, Lopes, L., López, R., Lorek, R., Luce, Q., Lucero, A., Payeras, A. Machado, Malacari, M., Mancarella, G., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Manshanden, J., Mantsch, P., Marafico, S., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinez, H., Bravo, O. Martínez, Mastrodicasa, M., Mathes, H. J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merenda, K. -D., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mockler, D., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morello, C., Mostafá, M., Müller, A. L., Muller, M. A., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Muzio, M., Namasaka, W. M., Nellen, L., Nguyen, P. H., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A, Núñez, L. A., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Panetta, M. P., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Pech, M., Pedreira, F., Pękala, J., Pelayo, R., Peña-Rodriguez, J., Armand, J. Perez, Perlin, M., Perrone, L., Peters, C., Petrera, S., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Ristori, P., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saffi, S. J., Saftoiu, A., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schäfer, C., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schlüter, F., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schröder, S., Schulz, A., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Šmída, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Souchard, J., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanca, D., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Streich, A., Suárez-Durán, M., Sudholz, T., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Šupík, J., Szadkowski, Z., Taboada, A., Tapia, A., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Elipe, G. Torralba, Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Trini, M., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Urban, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valiño, I., Valore, L., van Vliet, A., Varela, E., Cárdenas, B. Vargas, Vásquez-Ramírez, A., Veberič, D., Ventura, C., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Villaseñor, L., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Watson, A. A., Weber, M., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Winchen, T., Wirtz, M., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zehrer, L., Zepeda, A., Ziolkowski, M., and Zuccarello, F.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We report a measurement of the energy spectrum of cosmic rays above $2.5{\times} 10^{18}$ eV based on $215,030$ events. New results are presented: at about $1.3{\times} 10^{19}$ eV, the spectral index changes from $2.51 \pm 0.03 \textrm{ (stat.)} \pm 0.05 \textrm{ (sys.)}$ to $3.05 \pm 0.05 \textrm{ (stat.)}\pm 0.10\textrm{ (sys.)}$, evolving to $5.1\pm0.3\textrm{ (stat.)} \pm 0.1\textrm{ (sys.)}$ beyond $5{\times} 10^{19}$ eV, while no significant dependence of spectral features on the declination is seen in the accessible range. These features of the spectrum can be reproduced in models with energy-dependent mass composition. The energy density in cosmic rays above $5{\times} 10^{18}$ eV is $(5.66 \pm 0.03 \textrm{ (stat.)} \pm 1.40 \textrm{ (sys.)} ) {\times} 10^{53}~$erg Mpc$^{-3}$., Comment: Published version; 2 figures, 1 table

Published
2020
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47. Reconstruction of Events Recorded with the Surface Detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Almela, A., Castillo, J. Alvarez, Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Batista, R. Alves, Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. Araújo, Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Badescu, A. M., Bakalova, A., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Luz, R. J. Barreira, Becker, K. H., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. L., Billoir, P., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blanco, A., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Bretz, T., Briechle, F. L., Bridgeman, A., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Calcagni, L., Cancio, A., Canfora, F., Caracas, I., Carceller, J. M., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Chinellato, J. A., Choi, K., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Convenga, F., Covault, C. E., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., de Almeida, R. M., de Jesús, J., de Jong, S. J., De Mauro, G., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., Franco, D. de Oliveira, de Souza, V., De Vito, E., Debatin, J., del Río, M., Deligny, O., Dhital, N., Di Matteo, A., Castro, M. L. Díaz, Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Dorosti, Q., Anjos, R. C. dos, Dova, M. T., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C. O., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipčič, A., Fodran, T., Freire, M. M., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., García, B., Vegas, A. L. Garcia, Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Giller, M., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Gongora, J. P., González, N., Goos, I., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Hahn, S., Halliday, R., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Hulsman, J., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kääpä, A., Kampert, K. H., Keilhauer, B., Kemp, J., Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Köpke, M., Mezek, G. Kukec, Lago, B. L., LaHurd, D., Lang, R. G., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lenok, V., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Presti, D. Lo, Lopes, L., López, R., Lorek, R., Luce, Q., Lucero, A., Payeras, A. Machado, Malacari, M., Mancarella, G., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Manshanden, J., Mantsch, P., Marafico, S., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinez, H., Bravo, O. Martínez, Mastrodicasa, M., Mathes, H. J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merenda, K. -D., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mockler, D., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morello, C., Mostafá, M., Müller, A. L., Muller, M. A., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Muzio, M., Namasaka, W. M., Nellen, L., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A, Núñez, L. A., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Panetta, M. P., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Pech, M., Pedreira, F., Pękala, J., Pelayo, R., Peña-Rodriguez, J., Armand, J. Perez, Perlin, M., Perrone, L., Peters, C., Petrera, S., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Ristori, P., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saffi, S. J., Saftoiu, A., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schäfer, C., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schlüter, F., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schröder, S., Schulz, A., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Šmída, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Souchard, J., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanca, D., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Streich, A., Suárez-Durán, M., Sudholz, T., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Šupík, J., Szadkowski, Z., Taboada, A., Tapia, A., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Elipe, G. Torralba, Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Trini, M., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Urban, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valiño, I., Valore, L., van Vliet, A., Varela, E., Cárdenas, B. Vargas, Vásquez-Ramírez, A., Veberič, D., Ventura, C., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Villaseñor, L., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Watson, A. A., Weber, M., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Winchen, T., Wirtz, M., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zehrer, L., Zepeda, A., Ziolkowski, M., and Zuccarello, F.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Cosmic rays arriving at Earth collide with the upper parts of the atmosphere, thereby inducing extensive air showers. When secondary particles from the cascade arrive at the ground, they are measured by surface detector arrays. We describe the methods applied to the measurements of the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory to reconstruct events with zenith angles less than $60^\circ$ using the timing and signal information recorded using the water-Cherenkov detector stations. In addition, we assess the accuracy of these methods in reconstructing the arrival directions of the primary cosmic ray particles and the sizes of the induced showers., Comment: Published version, 36 pages, 14 figures

Published
2020
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48. Studies on the response of a water-Cherenkov detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory to atmospheric muons using an RPC hodoscope

Author

The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Almela, A., Castillo, J. Alvarez, Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Batista, R. Alves, Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. Araújo, Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Badescu, A. M., Bakalova, A., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Luz, R. J. Barreira, Becker, K. H., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. L., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blanco, A., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Bretz, T., Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Calcagni, L., Cancio, A., Canfora, F., Caracas, I., Carceller, J. M., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Chinellato, J. A., Choi, K., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Convenga, F., Covault, C. E., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., de Almeida, R. M., de Jesús, J., de Jong, S. J., De Mauro, G., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., Franco, D. de Oliveira, de Souza, V., De Vito, E., Debatin, J., del Río, M., Deligny, O., Dhital, N., Di Matteo, A., Castro, M. L. Díaz, Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Dorosti, Q., Anjos, R. C. dos, Dova, M. T., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C. O., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipčič, A., Fodran, T., Freire, M. M., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., García, B., Vegas, A. L. Garcia, Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Giller, M., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Gongora, J. P., González, N., Goos, I., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Hahn, S., Halliday, R., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Hulsman, J., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kääpä, A., Kampert, K. H., Keilhauer, B., Kemp, J., Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Köpke, M., Mezek, G. Kukec, Lago, B. L., LaHurd, D., Lang, R. G., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lenok, V., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Presti, D. Lo, Lopes, L., López, R., Lorek, R., Luce, Q., Lucero, A., Payeras, A. Machado, Malacari, M., Mancarella, G., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Manshanden, J., Mantsch, P., Marafico, S., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinez, H., Bravo, O. Martínez, Mastrodicasa, M., Mathes, H. J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merenda, K. -D., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mockler, D., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morello, C., Mostafá, M., Müller, A. L., Muller, M. A., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Muzio, M., Namasaka, W. M., Nellen, L., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A, Núñez, L. A., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Panetta, M. P., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Pech, M., Pedreira, F., Pękala, J., Pelayo, R., Peña-Rodriguez, J., Armand, J. Perez, Perlin, M., Perrone, L., Peters, C., Petrera, S., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Ristori, P., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saffi, S. J., Saftoiu, A., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schäfer, C., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schlüter, F., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schröder, S., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Šmída, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Souchard, J., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanca, D., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Streich, A., Suárez-Durán, M., Sudholz, T., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Šupík, J., Szadkowski, Z., Taboada, A., Tapia, A., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Elipe, G. Torralba, Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Trini, M., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Urban, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valiño, I., Valore, L., van Vliet, A., Varela, E., Cárdenas, B. Vargas, Vásquez-Ramírez, A., Veberič, D., Ventura, C., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Villaseñor, L., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Watson, A. A., Weber, M., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Winchen, T., Wirtz, M., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zehrer, L., Zepeda, A., Ziolkowski, M., and Zuccarello, F.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Extensive air showers, originating from ultra-high energy cosmic rays, have been successfully measured through the use of arrays of water-Cherenkov detectors (WCDs). Sophisticated analyses exploiting WCD data have made it possible to demonstrate that shower simulations, based on different hadronic-interaction models, cannot reproduce the observed number of muons at the ground. The accurate knowledge of the WCD response to muons is paramount in establishing the exact level of this discrepancy. In this work, we report on a study of the response of a WCD of the Pierre Auger Observatory to atmospheric muons performed with a hodoscope made of resistive plate chambers (RPCs), enabling us to select and reconstruct nearly 600 thousand single muon trajectories with zenith angles ranging from 0$^\circ$ to 55$^\circ$. Comparison of distributions of key observables between the hodoscope data and the predictions of dedicated simulations allows us to demonstrate the accuracy of the latter at a level of 2%. As the WCD calibration is based on its response to atmospheric muons, the hodoscope data are also exploited to show the long-term stability of the procedure., Comment: Published version, 25 pages, 9 figures

Published
2020
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49. Search for magnetically-induced signatures in the arrival directions of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays measured at the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Almela, A., Castillo, J. Alvarez, Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Batista, R. Alves, Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. Araújo, Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Badescu, A. M., Bakalova, A., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Luz, R. J. Barreira, Becker, K. H., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. L., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blanco, A., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Bretz, T., Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Calcagni, L., Cancio, A., Canfora, F., Caracas, I., Carceller, J. M., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Chinellato, J. A., Choi, K., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Convenga, F., Covault, C. E., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., de Almeida, R. M., de Jesús, J., de Jong, S. J., De Mauro, G., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., Franco, D. de Oliveira, de Souza, V., Debatin, J., del Río, M., Deligny, O., Dhital, N., Di Matteo, A., Castro, M. L. Díaz, Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Dorosti, Q., Anjos, R. C. dos, Dova, M. T., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C. O., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipčič, A., Fodran, T., Freire, M. M., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., García, B., Vegas, A. L. Garcia, Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Giller, M., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Gongora, J. P., González, N., Goos, I., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Hahn, S., Halliday, R., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Hulsman, J., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kääpä, A., Kampert, K. H., Keilhauer, B., Kemp, J., Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Köpke, M., Mezek, G. Kukec, Lago, B. L., LaHurd, D., Lang, R. G., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lenok, V., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Presti, D. Lo, Lopes, L., López, R., Lorek, R., Luce, Q., Lucero, A., Payeras, A. Machado, Malacari, M., Mancarella, G., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Manshanden, J., Mantsch, P., Marafico, S., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinez, H., Bravo, O. Martínez, Mastrodicasa, M., Mathes, H. J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merenda, K. -D., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mockler, D., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morello, C., Mostafá, M., Müller, A. L., Muller, M. A., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Muzio, M., Namasaka, W. M., Nellen, L., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A, Núñez, L. A., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Panetta, M. P., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Pech, M., Pedreira, F., Pękala, J., Pelayo, R., Peña-Rodriguez, J., Armand, J. Perez, Perlin, M., Perrone, L., Peters, C., Petrera, S., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Ristori, P., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saffi, S. J., Saftoiu, A., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schäfer, C., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schlüter, F., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schröder, S., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Šmída, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Souchard, J., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanca, D., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Streich, A., Suárez-Durán, M., Sudholz, T., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Šupík, J., Szadkowski, Z., Taboada, A., Tapia, A., Timmermans, C., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Elipe, G. Torralba, Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Trini, M., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Urban, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valiño, I., Valore, L., van Vliet, A., Varela, E., Cárdenas, B. Vargas, Vásquez-Ramírez, A., Veberič, D., Ventura, C., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Villaseñor, L., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Watson, A. A., Weber, M., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Winchen, T., Wirtz, M., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zehrer, L., Zepeda, A., Ziolkowski, M., and Zuccarello, F.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We search for signals of magnetically-induced effects in the arrival directions of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays detected at the Pierre Auger Observatory. We apply two different methods. One is a search for sets of events that show a correlation between their arrival direction and the inverse of their energy, which would be expected if they come from the same point-like source, they have the same electric charge and their deflection is relatively small and coherent. We refer to these sets of events as "multiplets". The second method, called "thrust", is a principal axis analysis aimed to detect the elongated patterns in a region of interest. We study the sensitivity of both methods using a benchmark simulation and we apply them to data in two different searches. The first search is done assuming as source candidates a list of nearby active galactic nuclei and starburst galaxies. The second is an all-sky blind search. We report the results and we find no statistically significant features. We discuss the compatibility of these results with the indications on the mass composition inferred from data of the Pierre Auger Observatory., Comment: Published version; correction of a minor typo

Published
2020
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50. Cosmic-ray anisotropies in right ascension measured by the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albuquerque, I. F. M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Almela, A., Castillo, J. Alvarez, Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. Araújo, Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Badescu, A. M., Bakalova, A., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Luz, R. J. Barreira, Becker, K. H., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. L., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blanco, A., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Bretz, T., Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Calcagni, L., Cancio, A., Canfora, F., Caracas, I., Carceller, J. M., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Chinellato, J. A., Choi, K., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Convenga, F., Covault, C. E., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., de Almeida, R. M., de Jesús, J., de Jong, S. J., De Mauro, G., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., Franco, D. de Oliveira, de Souza, V., Debatin, J., del Río, M., Deligny, O., Dhital, N., Di Matteo, A., Castro, M. L. Díaz, Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Dorosti, Q., Anjos, R. C. dos, Dova, M. T., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C. O., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipčič, A., Freire, M. M., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., García, B., Vegas, A. L. Garcia, Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Giller, M., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Gongora, J. P., González, N., Goos, I., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Hahn, S., Halliday, R., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Hulsman, J., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kääpä, A., Kampert, K. H., Keilhauer, B., Kemp, J., Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Köpke, M., Mezek, G. Kukec, Awad, A. Kuotb, Lago, B. L., LaHurd, D., Lang, R. G., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lenok, V., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Presti, D. Lo, Lopes, L., López, R., Casado, A. López, Lorek, R., Luce, Q., Lucero, A., Payeras, A. Machado, Malacari, M., Mancarella, G., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Manshanden, J., Mantsch, P., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinez, H., Bravo, O. Martínez, Mastrodicasa, M., Mathes, H. J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merenda, K. -D., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mockler, D., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morello, C., Morlino, G., Mostafá, M., Müller, A. L., Muller, M. A., Müller, S., Mussa, R., Muzio, M., Namasaka, W. M., Nellen, L., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A, Núñez, L. A., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Panetta, M. P., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Pech, M., Pedreira, F., Pękala, J., Pelayo, R., Peña-Rodriguez, J., Pereira, L. A. S., Armand, J. Perez, Perlin, M., Perrone, L., Peters, C., Petrera, S., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Ristori, P., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saffi, S. J., Saftoiu, A., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schäfer, C., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schlüter, F., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schröder, S., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Šmída, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Souchard, J., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanca, D., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Streich, A., Suárez-Durán, M., Sudholz, T., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Šupík, J., Szadkowski, Z., Taboada, A., Taborda, O. A., Tapia, A., Timmermans, C., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Elipe, G. Torralba, Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Trini, M., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Urban, M., Vaclavek, L., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valiño, I., Valore, L., van Vliet, A., Varela, E., Cárdenas, B. Vargas, Vásquez-Ramírez, A., Veberič, D., Ventura, C., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Villaseñor, L., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Watson, A. A., Weber, M., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Winchen, T., Wirtz, M., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yushkov, A., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zehrer, L., Zepeda, A., Ziolkowski, M., and Zuccarello, F.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We present measurements of the large-scale cosmic-ray anisotropies in right ascension, using data collected by the surface detector array of the Pierre Auger Observatory over more than 14 years. We determine the equatorial dipole component, $\vec{d}_\perp$, through a Fourier analysis in right ascension that includes weights for each event so as to account for the main detector-induced systematic effects. For the energies at which the trigger efficiency of the array is small, the ``East-West'' method is employed. Besides using the data from the array with detectors separated by 1500 m, we also include data from the smaller but denser sub-array of detectors with 750 m separation, which allows us to extend the analysis down to $\sim 0.03$ EeV. The most significant equatorial dipole amplitude obtained is that in the cumulative bin above 8~EeV, $d_\perp=6.0^{+1.0}_{-0.9}$%, which is inconsistent with isotropy at the 6$\sigma$ level. In the bins below 8 EeV, we obtain 99% CL upper-bounds on $d_\perp$ at the level of 1 to 3 percent. At energies below 1 EeV, even though the amplitudes are not significant, the phases determined in most of the bins are not far from the right ascension of the Galactic center, at $\alpha_{\rm GC}=-94^\circ$, suggesting a predominantly Galactic origin for anisotropies at these energies. The reconstructed dipole phases in the energy bins above 4 EeV point instead to right ascensions that are almost opposite to the Galactic center one, indicative of an extragalactic cosmic ray origin., Comment: Accepted by ApJ

Published
2020
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