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16. Interstitial Cells of Cajal and Enteric Nervous System in Gastrointestinal and Neurological Pathology, Relation to Oxidative Stress

Author

López Pingarrón, Laura and Muñoz Hoyos, Antonio

Subjects
Oxidative stress, Myenteric plexus, Interstitial cells of Cajal, Enteric nervous system, Neurodegeneration
Abstract

The enteric nervous system (ENS) is organized into two plexuses—submucosal and myenteric—which regulate smooth muscle contraction, secretion, and blood flow along the gastrointestinal tract under the influence of the rest of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) are mainly located in the submucosa between the two muscle layers and at the intramuscular level. They communicate with neurons of the enteric nerve plexuses and smooth muscle fibers and generate slow waves that contribute to the control of gastrointestinal motility. They are also involved in enteric neurotransmission and exhibit mechanoreceptor activity. A close relationship appears to exist between oxidative stress and gastrointestinal diseases, in which ICCs can play a prominent role. Thus, gastrointestinal motility disorders in patients with neurological diseases may have a common ENS and central nervous system (CNS) nexus. In fact, the deleterious effects of free radicals could affect the fine interactions between ICCs and the ENS, as well as between the ENS and the CNS. In this review, we discuss possible disturbances in enteric neurotransmission and ICC function that may cause anomalous motility in the gut.

Published
2023

19. Is S100B Involved in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)? Comparisons with Controls and Changes Following a Triple Therapy Containing Methylphenidate, Melatonin and omega-3 PUFAs

Author

Ouadih Moran, Miriam, Muñoz Hoyos, Antonio, Molina Carballo, Antonio, and Seiquer, Isabel

Subjects
omega-3 PUFAs, Methylphenidate, ADHD, Attention, S100B, Melatonin
Abstract

Background: Increasing evidence supports a neuroinflammatory basis in ADHD damaging glial function and thereby altering dopaminergic (DA) neurotransmission. Previous studies focusing on the S100B protein as a marker of glial function have shown contradictory results. We conducted a clinical trial to investigate differences in S100B levels between ADHD patients and controls, as well as observe gradual changes in S100B concentrations after a triple therapy (TT) containing methylphenidate (MPH), melatonin (aMT) and omega-3 fatty acids (!-3 PUFAs). Methods: 62 medication-naïve children with ADHD (ADHD-G) and 65 healthy controls (C-G) were recruited. Serum S100B was measured at baseline (T0) in ADHD-G/C-G, and three (T3) and six months (T6) after starting TT in the ADHD-G, together with attention scores. Results: A significant increase in S100B was observed in the ADHD-G vs. C-G. In the ADHD-G, significantly higher S100B values were observed for comparisons between T0–T3 and between T0–T6, accompanied by a significant improvement in attention scores for the same timepoint comparisons. No significant differences were found for S100B between T3–T6. Conclusion: Our results agree with the hypothesis of glial damage in ADHD. Further studies on the link between DA and S100B are required to explain the transient increase in S100B following TT.

Published
2023

21. Early-life fecal microbiome and metabolome dynamics in response to an intervention with infant formula containing specific prebiotics and postbiotics

Author

Rodriguez-Herrera, Alfonso, primary, Tims, Sebastian, additional, Polman, Jan, additional, Porcel Rubio, Rocío, additional, Muñoz Hoyos, Antonio, additional, Agosti, Massimo, additional, Lista, Gianluca, additional, Corvaglia, Luigi T., additional, Knol, Jan, additional, Roeselers, Guus, additional, and Pérez Navero, Juan L., additional

Published
2022
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23. Early-life fecal microbiome and metabolome dynamics in response to an intervention with infant formula containing specific prebiotics and postbiotics

Author

Rodriguez-Herrera, Alfonso, Tims, Sebastian, Polman, Jan, Porcel Rubio, Rocío, Muñoz Hoyos, Antonio, Agosti, Massimo, Lista, Gianluca, Corvaglia, Luigi T., Knol, Jan, Roeselers, Guus, Pérez Navero, Juan L., Rodriguez-Herrera, Alfonso, Tims, Sebastian, Polman, Jan, Porcel Rubio, Rocío, Muñoz Hoyos, Antonio, Agosti, Massimo, Lista, Gianluca, Corvaglia, Luigi T., Knol, Jan, Roeselers, Guus, and Pérez Navero, Juan L.

Abstract

This study examined fecal metabolome dynamics to gain greater functional insights into the interactions between nutrition and the activity of the developing gut microbiota in healthy term-born infants. The fecal samples used here originate from a randomized, controlled, double-blind clinical study that assessed the efficacy of infant formula with prebiotics and postbiotics (experimental arm) compared with a standard infant formula (control arm). A group of exclusively breast-fed term infants was used as a reference arm. First, conventional targeted physiological and microbial measurements were performed, which showed differences in fecal Bifidobacterium levels and corresponding activity (e.g., lactate levels). Next, the overall fecal microbiota composition was determined by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. The microbiota composition profiles showed several bacterial groups in the experimental arm to be significantly different from the control arm and mostly closer to the levels observed in the reference arm. Finally, we applied an untargeted UPLC-MS/MS approach to examine changes in the fecal metabolome. Fecal metabolome profiles showed the most distinct separation, up to 404 significantly different metabolites, between the study arms. Our data reveal that infant formula with specific prebiotics and postbiotics may trigger responses in the intestinal microbiota composition that brings the ensuing fecal metabolite profile of formula-fed infants closer toward those observed in breast-fed infants. Furthermore, our results demonstrate a clear need for establishing an infant gut metabolome reference database to translate these metabolite profile dynamics into functional and physiologically relevant responses.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Untargeted metabolomics techniques can provide a "snapshot" of an ecosystem in response to environmental stimuli, such as nutritional interventions. Our analyses of fecal samples from infants demonstrate the potential of phenotyping by metabolomics

Published
2022

28. Autores

Author

Almela Rojo, Maite, primary, Amorós Rodríguez, Luis Miguel, additional, Arce Martínez, Rocío, additional, Arjona Montilla, Carolina, additional, Asensio Nieto, Carlos, additional, Barberá Durbán, Rafael, additional, Bernal-Sprekelsen, Manuel, additional, Bosco Morales, María Gabriela, additional, Burgos Ruiz, Lidia, additional, Cantillo Baños, Enrique, additional, Caraballo Polanco, Ramsés, additional, Castaño Zapatero, Ignacio, additional, Castellano Arroyo, María, additional, del Castillo Fernández del Pino, Francisco Javier, additional, del Castillo Fernández del Pino, Ignacio, additional, del Castillo López, Raúl, additional, Cenjor Español, Carlos, additional, Cervera Escario, Javier, additional, Cobeta Marco, Ignacio, additional, Contreras Chova, Francisco, additional, Cortés Sánchez, Rosario Fátima, additional, Cubillana Herrero, José Domingo, additional, Delvasto Urueña, Lorena, additional, Devesa Iborra, José, additional, Doménech Abellán, Ernesto, additional, Fernández Pascual, Elena, additional, Fernández-Miranda López, Paula, additional, Frágola Arnau, Claudio, additional, de la Fuente, Pablo, additional, García Ahijado, Jesús, additional, García Fernández, Sergio Antonio, additional, García Jiménez, Marta, additional, Góngora Lencina, Juan José, additional, Gras Albert, Juan Ramón, additional, Guerrero Tejada, María Rosario, additional, Gutiérrez Jodas, José, additional, Hellín Meseguer, Diego, additional, Iniesta Turpín, Jesús, additional, Jerez Calero, Antonio E., additional, Jiménez Huerta, Ignacio, additional, Jurado Ramos, Alfredo, additional, López Álvarez, Fernando, additional, López Campos, Daniel, additional, López Meseguer, Enrique, additional, Lorente Guerrero, Juan, additional, Manrique Rodríguez, Manuel, additional, Marco Garrido, Alfonso, additional, Martínez Carrillo, Miguel, additional, Mata Ferrón, María, additional, Mauri Barbera, José, additional, Mínguez Merlos, Nieves, additional, Mora Rivas, Elena, additional, del Moral Ávila, Rosario, additional, Moraleda Deleito, Javier, additional, Morera Pérez, Constantino, additional, Muñoz Hoyos, Antonio, additional, Narbona Galdó, Susana, additional, Narbona López, Eduardo, additional, del Pilar Navarro Paule, M.ª, additional, Neira Guerrero, Enrique Omar, additional, Ocampos Gubler, Diego, additional, Paredes Osado, Juan Ramón, additional, Pastor Mas, Arturo, additional, Pérez Aguilera, Rafael, additional, Pérez Torres, Carlos, additional, Quesada Marín, Pedro, additional, Quesada Martínez, José Luis, additional, Ramos Macías, Ángel, additional, Ramos Puerto, Francisco, additional, Risson Pino, Gisela, additional, Roda Aceituno, Manuel, additional, Rodríguez Domínguez, Francisco J., additional, Ruiz Vozmediano, Pablo, additional, Sainz Quevedo, Manuel, additional, Barrueco-Sánchez, Álvaro Sánchez, additional, Sánchez Torices, Marisol, additional, Santaella Sáez, Juan Ignacio, additional, de los Santos Granados, Gonzalo, additional, Serrano García, Cristina, additional, Soler Valcárcel, Alejandro, additional, Solís Muñiz, Inés, additional, Souvirón Encabo, Rosalía, additional, Sprekelsen Gassó, Carlos, additional, Leonor Uceda Carrascosa, M.ª, additional, Villafruela Sanz, Miguel Ángel, additional, and Villamar López, Manuela, additional

Published
2012
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32. Indole Tryptophan Metabolism and Cytokine S100B in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Daily Fluctuations, Responses to Methylphenidate, and Interrelationship with Depressive Symptomatology

Author

Fernández-López, Luisa, primary, Molina-Carballo, Antonio, additional, Cubero-Millán, Isabel, additional, Checa-Ros, Ana, additional, Machado-Casas, Irene, additional, Blanca-Jover, Enrique, additional, Jerez-Calero, Antonio, additional, Madrid-Fernández, Yolanda, additional, Uberos, José, additional, and Muñoz-Hoyos, Antonio, additional

Published
2020
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42. Multicenter validation study of the WINROP algorithm as a method for detecting retinopathy of prematurity.

Author

Chaves-Samaniego, María J., Gómez Cabrera, Cristina, Chaves-Samaniego, María C., Escudero Gómez, Julia, García Campos, José M., Muñoz Hoyos, Antonio, and García Serrano, José L.

Subjects
RETROLENTAL fibroplasia, PREMATURE infants, ONLINE algorithms, UNIVERSITY hospitals, ALGORITHMS
Abstract

Purpose: To assess the validity of the online WINROP algorithm in two Spanish populations of premature infants.Materials and methods: The study population consisted of 502 premature infants born in the San Cecilio University Hospital of Granada and the Regional University Hospital of Málaga in the years 2000-2015. The WINROP algorithm was used to determine an alarm threshold for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). The results were compared with those obtained from serial examinations of premature infants.Results: The global WINROP algorithm showed a sensitivity of 62%, specificity of 74%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 59%, and negative predictive value (NPV) of 77%. This algorithm showed a greater sensitivity (76%) to identify severe ROP.Conclusions: The WINROP screening algorithm in this study showed moderate sensitivity, so many ROP cases amenable to treatment were not detected. Other criteria should be added to the algorithm to increase the sensitivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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48. Melatonin Treatment Reduces Oxidative Damage and Normalizes Plasma Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines in Patients Suffering from Charcot-Marie-Tooth Neuropathy: A Pilot Study in Three Children

Author

Chahbouni, Mariam, primary, López, María, additional, Molina-Carballo, Antonio, additional, de Haro, Tomás, additional, Muñoz-Hoyos, Antonio, additional, Fernández-Ortiz, Marisol, additional, Guerra-Librero, Ana, additional, and Acuña-Castroviejo, Darío, additional

Published
2017
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