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27. An Attribution Analysis of Runoff Alterations in the Danjiang River Watershed for Sustainable Water Resource Management by Different Methods.

Author

Shao, Yiting, Zhai, Xiaohui, Mu, Xingmin, Zheng, Sen, Shen, Dandan, and Qian, Jinglin

Abstract

Determining the relative roles of climatic versus anthropogenic factors in runoff alterations is important for sustainable water resource utilization and basin management. The Danjiang River watershed is a crucial water resource area of the middle route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project. In this study, four widely used quantitative methods, including the simple linear regression, the double mass curve, the paired year with similar climate conditions, and an elasticity method based on the Budyko framework were applied to detect the relative contribution of climatic and anthropogenic factors to runoff variation in the Danjiang River watershed. The calculation processes of each method were systematically explained, and their characteristics and applications were summarized. The results showed that runoff decreased significantly (p < 0.05) with an average change rate of −3.88 mm year−1 during the period of 1960–2017, and a significant change year was detected in 1989 (p < 0.05). Generally, consistent estimates could be derived from different methods that human activity was the dominant driving force of significant runoff reduction. Although the impacts of human activity estimated by the paired year with similar climate conditions method varied among paired years, the other three methods demonstrated that human activity accounted for 80.22–92.88% (mean 86.33%) of the total reduction in the annual runoff, whereas climate change only contributed 7.12–19.78% (mean 13.67%). The results of this study provide a good reference for estimating the effects of climate change and human activities on runoff variation via different methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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34. Role of anthropogenic direct heat emissions in global warming

Author

Wang, Fei, Mu, Xingmin, Zhao, Guangju, Gao, Peng, and Li, Pengfei

Subjects
Physics - Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics - Geophysics
Abstract

The anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) are widely realized as the predominant drivers of global warming, but the huge and increasing anthropogenic direct heat emissions (AHE) has not gained enough attention in terms of its role in the warming of the climate system. Based on two reasonable assumptions of (1) AHE eventually transfers to the Earth energy system and (2) the net warming is only driven by the net radioactive forcing (RF) from either GHG or other causes, we analyzed the role of AHE in global warming. The mean annual total AHE of the four main sources including energy consumption, residual heat of electricity generation, biomass decomposition by land use and cover change (LUCC) and food consumption was estimated to be 4.41*10^20 J in 1970-2010, accounting for 6.23% of the net annual heat increase of the Earth reported by IPCC AR5 for the period. The mean annual radioactive forcing (RF) by AHE was up to 29.94 mW m^(-2) globally in 1981-2010, less than the annual net increase of total GHG (34.80 mW m^(-2)) but more that of CO2 (24.43 mW m^(-2). The results suggested that AHE played a great role in global warming, urging us to pay more attention to DHE for a better evaluation of RF and more reasonable energy policy including non-GHG energy in the future (Keywords: climate change, anthropogenic direct heat emission, energy, radioactive forcing, heat balance, global warming)., Comment: 4 pages,1 table

Published
2015

48. Sediment source tracing during flood events in the Huangfu River basin in the northern Loess Plateau, China

Author

National Natural Science Foundation of China, Zhao, Guangju [0000-0002-4233-9403], Gómez Calero, José Alfonso [0000-0002-3457-8420], Tian, Xiaojing, Tian, Peng, Zhao, Guangju, Gómez Calero, José Alfonso, Guo, Jianying, Mu, Xingmin, Gao, Peng, Sun, Wenyi, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Zhao, Guangju [0000-0002-4233-9403], Gómez Calero, José Alfonso [0000-0002-3457-8420], Tian, Xiaojing, Tian, Peng, Zhao, Guangju, Gómez Calero, José Alfonso, Guo, Jianying, Mu, Xingmin, Gao, Peng, and Sun, Wenyi

Abstract

Identifying critical soil erosion areas and sediment sources are essential for sediment control and water resources management in the watershed, especially in the severely eroded northern Loess Plateau, China. In this study, we collected suspended sediment samples at the hydrological stations to identify the sediment source dynamics during flood events in a highly erodible basin, the Huangfu River basin in the Northern Loess Plateau. A total of 6 flood events were sampled during 2016 and 2018 for investigation, the flow discharge was featured by a rapid rising limb and a slow falling limb. Compared with the sediment sources, the silt fraction in the suspended sediments was enriched and the sand fraction in the suspended sediment was depleted. The dominant particle grain size of suspended sediments was coarse sand (56.89%), higher than silt (41.81%) and clay (1.3%). The sediment sources were estimated using the FingerPro unmixing model based on the conservativeness index (CI) and consensus ranking (CR) methods. The results of the unmixing model reveal that the bare land was the predominant source of suspended sediments, ranging from 40% to 57%, which was much higher than farmland (27 ∼ 31%) and grassland (16 ∼ 25%). Our findings imply that the bare land (weathered sandstone area) is the critical region for soil loss control in the Huangfu River basin. A combination of vegetation restoration measures and engineering measures are proposed to improve the sustainable development of ecological environment in the basin.

Published
2023

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