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Consider a positive integer n and \gamma _1>-1,\cdots,\gamma _n>-1. Let D=\{z\in \mathbb {C}:|z|<1\}, and let (a_{ij})_{n\times n} denote the Cartan matrix of \frak {su}(n+1). Utilizing the ordinary differential equation of (n+1)th order around a singular source of {SU}(n+1) Toda system, as discovered by Lin-Wei-Ye [Invent. Math. 190 (2012), pp. 169–207], we precisely characterize a solution (u_1,\cdots, u_n) to the {SU}(n+1) Toda system \begin{equation*} \begin {cases} \frac {\partial ^2 u_i}{\partial z\partial \bar z}+\sum _{j=1}^n a_{ij} e^{u_j}&=\pi \gamma _i\delta _0\text { on } D\\ \frac {\sqrt {-1}}{2}\,\int _{D\backslash \{0\}} e^{u_{i} }{d}z\wedge {d}\bar z &< \infty \end{cases} \quad \text {for all}\quad i=1,\cdots, n \end{equation*} using (n+1) holomorphic functions that satisfy the normalized condition. Additionally, we demonstrate that for each 1\leq i\leq n, 0 represents the cone singularity with angle 2\pi (1+\gamma _i) for the metric e^{u_i}|{d}z|^2 on D\backslash \{0\}, which can be locally characterized by (n-1) non-vanishing holomorphic functions at 0. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• After the age of 8, age is positively correlated with choroidal vascularity index. • Choroidal thickness exhibits a negative correlation with choroidal vascularity index. • Eyes with Longer AL and thinner ChT have lower CVV and CSV. • CVV decreasing more rapidly than CSV. To measure the choroidal circulatory parameters Han Chinese children aged 4–14 years from Southwest China, and to explore the relationships between these parameters and age, axial length (AL), and choroidal thickness (ChT). 284 eyes from 142 subjects were included in this cross-sectional study. All participants underwent cycloplegic refraction and IOLMaster500 examination. Swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) was used to measure submacular choroidal thickness, choroidal vascular volume (CVV), choroidal stromal volume (CSV), choroidal vascularity index (CVI), and CVV/CSV ratio. In this population, the mean CVV was 2.92 ± 0.55 mm3, CSV was 4.69 ± 0.68 mm3, CVI was 38.22 ± 2.46 %, and CVV/CSV ratio was 62.11 ± 6.44 %. Multivariable regression analyses showed that both CVV and CSV were negatively correlated with AL (both P < 0.001) and positively correlated with ChT (both P < 0.001), while age showed no significant correlation with them (both P > 0.05). However, the correlations between CVI and age were not uniform rectilinear. Among participants aged ≤8 years, CVI showed no correlation with age (P > 0.05), while among those aged >8 years, it was positively correlated with age (P < 0.01). CVV/CSV ratio was positively correlated with ChT and age (both P < 0.01). After the age of 8, age was positively correlated with CVI. ChT was well correlated with CVI. Longer AL and thinner ChT were associated with reduced CVV and CSV, with CVV decreasing more rapidly than CSV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Deep retinal vessel density and outer retinal thickness were more significantly correlated with AL and SE in children. • SS-OCTA provides clear visualization of some changes in macular retinal vessels and microstructure associated with myopia. • The retinal vessel density and thickness can be considered as new observational indices in the diagnosis of myopia. To analyze the characteristics of macular retinal vessel density and thickness in children with myopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 228 children aged 4–16 years who visited the Ineye Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from September 2022 to November 2023 were included. Those with −0.5D < spherical equivalent (SE) < +2.0D were included in the non-myopia group (150 eyes), those with −3.0D < SE ≤ −0.5D were included in the low myopia group (246 eyes), and those with SE ≤ −3.0D were included in the moderate-to-high myopia group (60 eyes). All subjects underwent cycloplegic refraction, IOLmaster500, and Wide-field SS-OCTA (to exclude some peripheral retinal degeneration). Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the correlation between macular ETDRS subfield of full retinal thickness (FRT), outer, inner retinal thickness (ORT, IRT), retinal vessel density (VD), deep and superficial retinal vessel density (DVD, SVD), and SE, axial length (AL). There were statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) in FRT in the central fovea (1 mm diameter)and perifovea (Diameter 3 to 6 mm) among the non-myopia group, low myopia group, and moderate-to-high myopia group. The three groups also showed statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) in VD in the central fovea and parafovea with a diameter of 1 to 3 mm (except the lower part). In multiple linear regression analysis adjusted for gender and age, SE and AL were found to be correlated with FRT in all ETDRS regions (except the central fovea) (P < 0.01), and SE and AL were correlated with IRT in the central fovea and perifovea, respectively (β range −2.302 to 1.652; P < 0.05). SE and AL were also correlated with ORT in the parafovea and perifovea, respectively (β range −4.371 to −2.344; P < 0.05). AL was negatively correlated with VD in the central fovea and parafovea (except the inferior region) (P < 0.05), as well as with DVD in all ETDRS regions (β range −1.314 to −1.031; P < 0.05). AL was only negatively correlated with SVD in the parafoveal nasal region (β = −0.633, P < 0.05). Additionally, the correlation between AL and DVD, ORT was higher than that with SVD, IRT. The more severe the myopia, the longer the AL, the thinner the FRT in the perifovea, and the lower the VD in both the fovea and parafovea in children. In addition, DVD and ORT were more significantly correlated with AL, suggesting that they may be more closely related to the growth of AL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]