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16. Patient aggression towards health care professionals.

Author

Mroczek, B., Mormul, J., Kotwas, M., Szkup, M., and Kurpas, D.

Subjects
*MEDICAL personnel, *INVENTORIES, *HEALTH care teams, *QUESTIONNAIRES, *VIOLENCE
Abstract

Purpose: To estimate the frequency of aggressive behaviors in health care institutions, and determine their influence on emotional reactions of medical workers. Materials and methods: The study involved 201 health care professionals from the regions of Lower Silesia and Opole in Poland. The authors employed the exposure to patient aggression inventory, based on the questionnaires of Merecz and Nowicka & Kolasa; this inventory divides patient aggression towards medical workers into seven different forms. Results: In over 90% of cases, health care professionals fell victim to patient aggression in a workplace. It mostly took forms of verbal aggression, a raised voice and shouting. A physical attack was reported by 45.6% of the surveyed; it resulted in physical injuries in 27.9% of psychiatric hospital workers and 24.7% of general hospital workers. As a reaction to patients' verbal aggression, medical workers usually calmly explained that such behavior was improper. Violence and aggressive behaviors of patients evoked workers' anger, fear, a feeling of resignation and the loss of their sense of safety. In most case's victims of patient aggression either coped with the problem themselves or asked their co-workers and superiors for help. Conclusions: Aggressive behaviors of patients arouse in medical staff, mostly anger. Medical workers usually cope with patient aggression themselves; nurses more often than other health care professionals ask their superiors and coworkers for help. It is necessary to conduct further research into the problem of patient aggression towards medical staff so that actions ensuring safety for workers can be taken. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014

50. Influence of DAT1 Promotor Methylation on Sports Performance.

Author

Grzywacz A, Chmielowiec K, Boroń A, Michałowska-Sawczyn M, Chmielowiec J, Trybek G, Mroczek B, Leźnicka K, Cieszczyk P, and Masiak J

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Athletes, Case-Control Studies, Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins metabolism, Genetic Association Studies, Humans, Male, Poland, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Young Adult, Athletic Performance, DNA Methylation physiology, Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins genetics
Abstract

In the mammalian genome, DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism involving the transfer of a methyl group onto the C5 position of the cytosine to form 5-methylcytosine. DNA methylation regulates gene expression by recruiting proteins involved in gene repression or by inhibiting the binding of transcription factors (TFs) to DNA. As there are still many questions concerning the role of methylation in creating personality, we concentrated on searching for such associations. The research group was 100 sports male subjects (mean age = 22.88, SD = 6.35), whereas the control group included 239 healthy male volunteers matched for age (mean age = 21.69, SD = 3.39), both of European origin. The methods used in our research were as follows: DNA isolation, methylation-specific PCR, sequencing chromatophores, all conducted according to the manufacturer's procedure. To evaluate personality traits, the NEO Five-Factor Personality Inventory (NEO-FFI) and STAI Inventory were used. We observed the existence of a statistically significant correlation for all the aspects of personality covered and CpG islands' methylation. Nonetheless, we think that the tested group and the number of tested promotor islands in the DAT1 gene are still too small to make explicit conclusions, so it needs further profound analysis.

Published
2021
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