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1. Evaluating model outputs using integrated global speleothem records of climate change since the last glacial

Author

Comas-Bru, Laia, Harrison, Sandy P., Werner, Martin, Rehfeld, Kira, Scroxton, Nick, Veiga-Pires, Cristina, Ahmad, Syed Masood, Brahim, Yassine Ait, Mozhdehi, Sahar Amirnezhad, Arienzo, Monica, Atsawawaranunt, Kamolphat, Baker, Andy, Braun, Kerstin, Breitenbach, Sebastian, Burstyn, Yuval, Chawchai, Sakonvan, Columbu, Andrea, Deininger, Michael, Demeny, Attila, Dixon, Bronwyn, Hatvani, Istvan Gabor, Hu, Jun, Kaushal, Nikita, Kern, Zoltan, Labuhn, Inga, Lachniet, Matthew S., Lechleitner, Franziska A., Lorrey, Andrew, Markowska, Monika, Nehme, Carole, Novello, Valdir F., Oster, Jessica, Perez-Mejias, Carlos, Pickering, Robyn, Sekhon, Natasha, Wang, Xianfeng, Warken, Sophie, Atkinson, Tim, Ayalon, Avner, Baldini, James, Bar-Matthews, Miryam, Bernal, Juan Pablo, Boch, Ronny, Borsato, Andrea, Boyd, Meighan, Brierley, Chris, Cai, Yanjun, Carolin, Stacy, Cheng, Hai, Constantin, Silviu, Couchoud, Isabelle, Cruz, Francisco, Denniston, Rhawn, Dragusin, Virgil, Duan, Wuhui, Ersek, Vasile, Finné, Martin, Fleitmann, Dominik, Fohlmeister, Jens, Frappier, Amy, Genty, Dominique, Holzkamper, Steffen, Hopley, Philip, Johnston, Vanessa, Kathayat, Gayatri, Keenan-Jones, Duncan, Koltai, Gabriella, Li, Ting-Yong, Lone, Mahjoor Ahmad, Luetscher, Marc, Mattey, Dave, Moreno, Ana, Moseley, Gina, Psomiadis, David, Ruan, Jiaoyang, Scholz, Denis, Sha, Lijuan, Smith, Andrew Christopher, Strikis, Nicolas, Treble, Pauline, Unal-Imer, Ezgi, Vaks, Anton, Vansteenberge, Stef, Voarintsoa, Ny Riavo G., Wong, Corinne, Wortham, Barbara, Wurtzel, Jennifer, Zhang, Haiwei, Voarintsoa, Ny Riavo, Earth Observatory of Singapore, Comas-Bru L., Harrison S.P., Werner M., Rehfeld K., Scroxton N., Veiga-Pires C., Ahmad S.M., Brahim Y.A., Mozhdehi S.A., Arienzo M., Atsawawaranunt K., Baker A., Braun K., Breitenbach S., Burstyn Y., Chawchai S., Columbu A., Deininger M., Demeny A., Dixon B., Hatvani I.G., Hu J., Kaushal N., Kern Z., Labuhn I., Lachniet M.S., Lechleitner F.A., Lorrey A., Markowska M., Nehme C., Novello V.F., Oster J., Perez-Mejias C., Pickering R., Sekhon N., Wang X., Warken S., Atkinson T., Ayalon A., Baldini J., Bar-Matthews M., Bernal J.P., Boch R., Borsato A., Boyd M., Brierley C., Cai Y., Carolin S., Cheng H., Constantin S., Couchoud I., Cruz F., Denniston R., Dragusin V., Duan W., Ersek V., Finne M., Fleitmann D., Fohlmeister J., Frappier A., Genty D., Holzkamper S., Hopley P., Johnston V., Kathayat G., Keenan-Jones D., Koltai G., Li T.-Y., Lone M.A., Luetscher M., Mattey D., Moreno A., Moseley G., Psomiadis D., Ruan J., Scholz D., Sha L., Smith A.C., Strikis N., Treble P., Unal-Imer E., Vaks A., Vansteenberge S., Voarintsoa N.R.G., Wong C., Wortham B., Wurtzel J., and Zhang H.

Subjects
010506 paleontology, Climate Research, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, δ18O, lcsh:Environmental protection, Climate Change, Stratigraphy, Speleothem, Climate change, F800, PMIP4 CONTRIBUTION, Geology [Science], 01 natural sciences, Klimatforskning, STABLE-ISOTOPE VARIATIONS, lcsh:Environmental pollution, Time windows, ddc:550, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences, lcsh:TD169-171.8, Speleothem Records, GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL, ASIAN MONSOON, Glacial period, Geosciences, Multidisciplinary, DELTA-O-18 WATER ISOTOPE, Baseline (configuration management), lcsh:Environmental sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, lcsh:GE1-350, Global and Planetary Change, geography, Coupled model intercomparison project, Science & Technology, geography.geographical_feature_category, Paleontology, Geology, GROWTH FREQUENCY VARIATIONS, NORTH-ATLANTIC, OXYGEN-ISOTOPE, 13. Climate action, Climatology, lcsh:TD172-193.5, Physical Sciences, Spatial ecology, Environmental science, Institut für Geowissenschaften, ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION, HIGH-RESOLUTION
Abstract

Although quantitative isotope data from speleothems has been used to evaluate isotope-enabled model simulations, currently no consensus exists regarding the most appropriate methodology through which to achieve this. A number of modelling groups will be running isotope-enabled palaeoclimate simulations in the framework of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6, so it is timely to evaluate different approaches to using the speleothem data for data-model comparisons. Here, we illustrate this using 456 globally distributed speleothem delta O-18 records from an updated version of the Speleothem Isotopes Synthesis and Analysis (SISAL) database and palaeoclimate simulations generated using the ECHAM5-wiso isotope-enabled atmospheric circulation model. We show that the SISAL records reproduce the first-order spatial patterns of isotopic variability in the modern day, strongly supporting the application of this dataset for evaluating model-derived isotope variability into the past. However, the discontinuous nature of many speleothem records complicates the process of procuring large numbers of records if data-model comparisons are made using the traditional approach of comparing anomalies between a control period and a given palaeoclimate experiment. To circumvent this issue, we illustrate techniques through which the absolute isotope values during any time period could be used for model evaluation. Specifically, we show that speleothem isotope records allow an assessment of a model's ability to simulate spatial isotopic trends. Our analyses provide a protocol for using speleothem isotope data for model evaluation, including screening the observations to take into account the impact of speleothem mineralogy on delta O-18 values, the optimum period for the modern observational baseline and the selection of an appropriate time window for creating means of the isotope data for palaeo-time-slices. European Geosciences Union - W2017/413; Irish Centre for Research in Applied Geosciences (iCRAG); European Association of Geochemistry (Early Career Ambassadors program 2017); Quaternary Research Association UK; Navarino Environmental Observatory, Stockholm University; University College Dublin, Savillex (UK) - SF1428; Ibn Zohr University, Morocco; University of Reading; European Research Council - 694481; Natural Environment Research Council (JPI-Belmont project "PAleao-Constraints on Monsoon Evolution and Dynamics (PACMEDY)"); Geological Survey Ireland - 2017-SC-056; Royal Irish Academy; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft - RE3994/2-1; Past Global Changes (PAGES) programme; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Published
2019
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2. The SISAL database

Author

Atsawawaranunt, Kamolphat, Comas-Bru, Laia, Mozhdehi, Sahar Amirnezhad, Deininger, Michael, Harrison, Sandy P., Baker, Andy, Boyd, Meighan, Kaushal, Nikita, Ahmad, Syed Masood, Brahim, Yassine Ait, Arienzo, Monica, Bajo, Petra, Braun, Kerstin, Burstyn, Yuval, Chawchai, Sakonvan, Duan, Wuhui, Hatvani, Istvan Gabor, Hu, Jun, Kern, Zoltan, Labuhn, Inga, Lachniet, Matthew, Lechleitner, Franziska A., Lorrey, Andrew, Perez-Mejias, Carlos, Pickering, Robyn, Scroxton, Nick, Atkinson, Tim, Ayalon, Avner, Baldini, James, Bar-Matthews, Miriam, Pablo Bernal, Juan, Breitenbach, Sebastian, Boch, Ronny, Borsato, Andrea, Cai, Yanjun, Carolin, Stacy, Cheng, Hai, Columbu, Andrea, Couchoud, Isabelle, Cruz, Francisco, Demeny, Attila, Dominguez-Villar, David, Dragusin, Virgil, Drysdale, Russell, Ersek, Vasile, Finne, Martin, Fleitmann, Dominik, Fohlmeister, Jens Bernd (Dr.), Frappier, Amy, Genty, Dominique, Holzkamper, Steffen, Hopley, Philip, Kathayat, Gayatri, Keenan-Jones, Duncan, Koltai, Gabriella, Luetscher, Marc, Li, Ting-Yong, Lone, Mahjoor Ahmad, Markowska, Monika, Mattey, Dave, McDermott, Frank, Moreno, Ana, Moseley, Gina, Nehme, Carole, Novello, Valdir F., Psomiadis, David, Rehfeld, Kira, Ruan, Jiaoyang, Sekhon, Natasha, Sha, Lijuan, Sholz, Denis, Shopov, Yavor, Smith, Andrew, Strikis, Nicolas, Treble, Pauline, Unal-Imer, Ezgi, Vaks, Anton, Vansteenberge, Stef, Veiga-Pires, Cristina, Voarintsoa, Ny Riavo, Wang, Xianfeng, Wong, Corinne, Wortham, Barbara, Wurtzel, Jennifer, and Zong, Baoyun

Subjects
ddc:550, Institut für Geowissenschaften
Abstract

Stable isotope records from speleothems provide information on past climate changes, most particularly information that can be used to reconstruct past changes in precipitation and atmospheric circulation. These records are increasingly being used to provide "out-of-sample" evaluations of isotope-enabled climate models. SISAL (Speleothem Isotope Synthesis and Analysis) is an international working group of the Past Global Changes (PAGES) project. The working group aims to provide a comprehensive compilation of speleothem isotope records for climate reconstruction and model evaluation. The SISAL database contains data for individual speleothems, grouped by cave system. Stable isotopes of oxygen and carbon (delta O-18, delta C-13) measurements are referenced by distance from the top or bottom of the speleothem. Additional tables provide information on dating, including information on the dates used to construct the original age model and sufficient information to assess the quality of each data set and to erect a standardized chronology across different speleothems. The metadata table provides location information, information on the full range of measurements carried out on each speleothem and information on the cave system that is relevant to the interpretation of the records, as well as citations for both publications and archived data.

Published
2018

3. The SISAL database : a global resource to document oxygen and carbon isotope records from speleothems

Author

Atsawawaranunt, Kamolphat, Comas-Bru, Laia, Mozhdehi, Sahar Amirnezhad, Deininger, Michael, Harrison, Sandy P., Baker, Andy, Boyd, Meighan, Kaushal, Nikita, Ahmad, Syed Masood, Brahim, Yassine Ait, Arienzo, Monica, Bajo, Petra, Braun, Kerstin, Burstyn, Yuval, Chawchai, Sakonvan, Duan, Wuhui, Hatvani, Istvan Gabor, Hu, Jun, Kern, Zoltan, Labuhn, Inga, Lachniet, Matthew, Lechleitner, Franziska A., Lorrey, Andrew, Perez-Mejias, Carlos, Pickering, Robyn, Scroxton, Nick, Atkinson, Tim, Ayalon, Avner, Baldini, James, Bar-Matthews, Miriam, Pablo Bernal, Juan, Breitenbach, Sebastian, Boch, Ronny, Borsato, Andrea, Cai, Yanjun, Carolin, Stacy, Cheng, Hai, Columbu, Andrea, Couchoud, Isabelle, Cruz, Francisco, Demeny, Attila, Dominguez-Villar, David, Dragusin, Virgil, Drysdale, Russell, Ersek, Vasile, Finné, Martin, Fleitmann, Dominik, Fohlmeister, Jens, Frappier, Amy, Genty, Dominique, Holzkamper, Steffen, Hopley, Philip, Kathayat, Gayatri, Keenan-Jones, Duncan, Koltai, Gabriella, Luetscher, Marc, Li, Ting-Yong, Lone, Mahjoor Ahmad, Markowska, Monika, Mattey, Dave, McDermott, Frank, Moreno, Ana, Moseley, Gina, Nehme, Carole, Novello, Valdir F., Psomiadis, David, Rehfeld, Kira, Ruan, Jiaoyang, Sekhon, Natasha, Sha, Lijuan, Sholz, Denis, Shopov, Yavor, Smith, Andrew, Strikis, Nicolas, Treble, Pauline, Unal-Imer, Ezgi, Vaks, Anton, Vansteenberge, Stef, Veiga-Pires, Cristina, Voarintsoa, Ny Riavo, Wang, Xianfeng, Wong, Corinne, Wortham, Barbara, Wurtzel, Jennifer, Zong, Baoyun, Atsawawaranunt, Kamolphat, Comas-Bru, Laia, Mozhdehi, Sahar Amirnezhad, Deininger, Michael, Harrison, Sandy P., Baker, Andy, Boyd, Meighan, Kaushal, Nikita, Ahmad, Syed Masood, Brahim, Yassine Ait, Arienzo, Monica, Bajo, Petra, Braun, Kerstin, Burstyn, Yuval, Chawchai, Sakonvan, Duan, Wuhui, Hatvani, Istvan Gabor, Hu, Jun, Kern, Zoltan, Labuhn, Inga, Lachniet, Matthew, Lechleitner, Franziska A., Lorrey, Andrew, Perez-Mejias, Carlos, Pickering, Robyn, Scroxton, Nick, Atkinson, Tim, Ayalon, Avner, Baldini, James, Bar-Matthews, Miriam, Pablo Bernal, Juan, Breitenbach, Sebastian, Boch, Ronny, Borsato, Andrea, Cai, Yanjun, Carolin, Stacy, Cheng, Hai, Columbu, Andrea, Couchoud, Isabelle, Cruz, Francisco, Demeny, Attila, Dominguez-Villar, David, Dragusin, Virgil, Drysdale, Russell, Ersek, Vasile, Finné, Martin, Fleitmann, Dominik, Fohlmeister, Jens, Frappier, Amy, Genty, Dominique, Holzkamper, Steffen, Hopley, Philip, Kathayat, Gayatri, Keenan-Jones, Duncan, Koltai, Gabriella, Luetscher, Marc, Li, Ting-Yong, Lone, Mahjoor Ahmad, Markowska, Monika, Mattey, Dave, McDermott, Frank, Moreno, Ana, Moseley, Gina, Nehme, Carole, Novello, Valdir F., Psomiadis, David, Rehfeld, Kira, Ruan, Jiaoyang, Sekhon, Natasha, Sha, Lijuan, Sholz, Denis, Shopov, Yavor, Smith, Andrew, Strikis, Nicolas, Treble, Pauline, Unal-Imer, Ezgi, Vaks, Anton, Vansteenberge, Stef, Veiga-Pires, Cristina, Voarintsoa, Ny Riavo, Wang, Xianfeng, Wong, Corinne, Wortham, Barbara, Wurtzel, Jennifer, and Zong, Baoyun

Abstract

Stable isotope records from speleothems provide information on past climate changes, most particularly information that can be used to reconstruct past changes in precipitation and atmospheric circulation. These records are increasingly being used to provide "out-of-sample" evaluations of isotope-enabled climate models. SISAL (Speleothem Isotope Synthesis and Analysis) is an international working group of the Past Global Changes (PAGES) project. The working group aims to provide a comprehensive compilation of speleothem isotope records for climate reconstruction and model evaluation. The SISAL database contains data for individual speleothems, grouped by cave system. Stable isotopes of oxygen and carbon (delta O-18, delta C-13) measurements are referenced by distance from the top or bottom of the speleothem. Additional tables provide information on dating, including information on the dates used to construct the original age model and sufficient information to assess the quality of each data set and to erect a standardized chronology across different speleothems. The metadata table provides location information, information on the full range of measurements carried out on each speleothem and information on the cave system that is relevant to the interpretation of the records, as well as citations for both publications and archived data.

Published
2018
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4. The SISAL database: a global resource to document oxygen and carbon isotope records from speleothems

Author

Atsawawaranunt, Kamolphat, Comas-Bru, Laia, Mozhdehi, Sahar Amirnezhad, Deininger, Michael, Harrison, Sandy P., Baker, Andy, Boyd, Meighan, Kaushal, Nikita, Ahmad, Syed Masood, Brahim, Yassine Ait, Arienzo, Monica, Bajo, Petra, Braun, Kerstin, Burstyn, Yuval, Chawchai, Sakonvan, Duan, Wuhui, Hatvani, Istvan Gabor, Hu, Jun, Kern, Zoltan, Labuhn, Inga, Lachniet, Matthew, Lechleitner, Franziska A., Lorrey, Andrew, Perez-Mejias, Carlos, Pickering, Robyn, Scroxton, Nick, Atkinson, Tim, Ayalon, Avner, Baldini, James, Bar-Matthews, Miriam, Pablo Bernal, Juan, Breitenbach, Sebastian, Boch, Ronny, Borsato, Andrea, Cai, Yanjun, Carolin, Stacy, Cheng, Hai, Columbu, Andrea, Couchoud, Isabelle, Cruz, Francisco, Demeny, Attila, Dominguez-Villar, David, Dragusin, Virgil, Drysdale, Russell, Ersek, Vasile, Finné, Martin, Fleitmann, Dominik, Fohlmeister, Jens, Frappier, Amy, Genty, Dominique, Holzkamper, Steffen, Hopley, Philip, Kathayat, Gayatri, Keenan-Jones, Duncan, Koltai, Gabriella, Luetscher, Marc, Li, Ting-Yong, Lone, Mahjoor Ahmad, Markowska, Monika, Mattey, Dave, McDermott, Frank, Moreno, Ana, Moseley, Gina, Nehme, Carole, Novello, Valdir F., Psomiadis, David, Rehfeld, Kira, Ruan, Jiaoyang, Sekhon, Natasha, Sha, Lijuan, Sholz, Denis, Shopov, Yavor, Smith, Andrew, Strikis, Nicolas, Treble, Pauline, Unal-Imer, Ezgi, Vaks, Anton, Vansteenberge, Stef, Veiga-Pires, Cristina, Voarintsoa, Ny Riavo, Wang, Xianfeng, Wong, Corinne, Wortham, Barbara, Wurtzel, Jennifer, Zong, Baoyun, Veiga-Pires, C., Atsawawaranunt, Kamolphat, Comas-Bru, Laia, Amirnezhad Mozhdehi, Sahar, Deininger, Michael, Harrison, Sandy P., Baker, Andy, Boyd, Meighan, Kaushal, Nikita, Ahmad, Syed Masood, Ait Brahim, Yassine, Arienzo, Monica, Bajo, Petra, Braun, Kerstin, Burstyn, Yuval, Chawchai, Sakonvan, Duan, Wuhui, Hatvani, István Gábor, Hu, Jun, Kern, Zoltán, Labuhn, Inga, Lachniet, Matthew, Lechleitner, Franziska A., Lorrey, Andrew, Pérez-Mejías, Carlo, Pickering, Robyn, Scroxton, Nick, and Tim Atkinso, Avner Ayalon, James Baldini, Miriam Bar-Matthews, Juan Pablo Bernal, Sebastian Breitenbach, Ronny Boch, Andrea Borsato, Yanjun Cai, Stacy Carolin, Hai Cheng, Andrea Columbu, Isabelle Couchoud, Francisco Cruz, Attila Demény, David Dominguez-Villar, Virgil Dragusin, Russell Drysdale, Vasile Ersek, Martin Finné, Dominik Fleitmann, Jens Fohlmeister, Amy Frappier, Dominique Genty, Steffen Holzkämper, Philip Hopley, Gayatri Kathayat, Duncan Keenan-Jones, Gabriella Koltai, Marc Luetscher, Ting-Yong Li

Subjects
010506 paleontology, Climate Research, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Climate change, Speleothem, F800, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, computer.software_genre, 01 natural sciences, Klimatforskning, Cave, Paleoclimatology, lcsh:Environmental sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, lcsh:GE1-350, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Database, Stable isotope ratio, speleothems, PALEOCLIMATOLOGIA, lcsh:QE1-996.5, lcsh:Geology, Metadata, 13. Climate action, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental science, Climate model, computer, Chronology
Abstract

Stable isotope records from speleothems provide information on past climate changes, most particularly information that can be used to reconstruct past changes in precipitation and atmospheric circulation. These records are increasingly being used to provide “out-of-sample” evaluations of isotope-enabled climate models. SISAL (Speleothem Isotope Synthesis and Analysis) is an international working group of the Past Global Changes (PAGES) project. The working group aims to provide a comprehensive compilation of speleothem isotope records for climate reconstruction and model evaluation. The SISAL database contains data for individual speleothems, grouped by cave system. Stable isotopes of oxygen and carbon (δ18O, δ13C) measurements are referenced by distance from the top or bottom of the speleothem. Additional tables provide information on dating, including information on the dates used to construct the original age model and sufficient information to assess the quality of each data set and to erect a standardized chronology across different speleothems. The metadata table provides location information, information on the full range of measurements carried out on each speleothem and information on the cave system that is relevant to the interpretation of the records, as well as citations for both publications and archived data. The compiled data are available at https://doi.org/10.17864/1947.147.

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5. Patterns of spatial and temporal variability of speleothem δ18O records in Western Europe: an initial assessment of SISAL database.

Author

Mozhdehi, Sahar Amirnezhad, Lechleitner, Franziska A., Columbu, Andrea, Comas-Bru, Laia, Labuhn, Inga, Pérez-Mejías, Carlos, and Rehfeld, Kira

Subjects
*SPELEOTHEMS, *MODES of variability (Climatology), *RECORDS, *DATABASES
Abstract

Speleothems (secondary cave carbonates) are a widely used archive for the palaeoclimatereconstruction, particularly for high-resolution climate variability, due to their exceptionalchronological control. The first version of the SISAL database contains 376 speleothemrecords from across the globe; about a quarter of these records are from Western Europe,making it the region with the highest density of published speleothem datasets. WesternEurope also possesses the highest density of Global Network of Isotopes in Precipitation(GNIP) stations, some of the longest meteorological records, and global modelling andreanalysis datasets, as well as a large number of continuous, high-resolution multiannual cavemonitoring time-series. This is a great advantage for the interpretation of δ18O value inspeleothems, which is driven by a complex interplay of regional and site-specificfactors. This study is the first assessment of the Western European data from the SISAL database,which reviews the SISAL records within the wider (palaeo-)climatic context of WesternEurope, with the objective to investigate the suitability of large compilations of speleothemrecords to reveal the existence of regional trends in time, as well as to identify and promotethe potential of cave sites in the region for future palaeoclimate studies. We find that i)present-day spatial trends in δ18O from Western European speleothems generally mirror thetrends in precipitation δ18O. ii) Over the late Quaternary, site-specific noise in speleothemsδ18O presents the main issue for the extraction of a regional climate signal, especially overthe Holocene. iii) Results are improved through the use of statistical methods, allowing theextraction of regional climate modes. Use of other types of data and more information aboutcave monitoring as well as an updated age modelling technique intercomparison study,can significantly enhance the potential of these records for regional palaeoclimatestudies. SISAL is a new valuable tool for intercomparison of speleothem δ18O in a regional andglobal context. Inclusion of missing records in the future of versions of SISAL canconsiderably improve temporal and spatial coverage of the dataset. Furthermore, updating theage-models to include age-model uncertainties for all records would reduce the overalluncertainty of δ18O time-series, and thus improve the level of accuracy in subsequentanalyses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019

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