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Abstract Clinical trials have generated encouraging outcomes for the utility of thermal agents (TAs) in cancer thermal therapy (TT). Although the fast breakdown of TAs alleviates safety concerns, it restricts the thermal stability necessary for effective treatment. TAs with excellent thermal stability, on the other hand, deteriorate slowly. Rare are the approaches that address the trade-off between high thermal stability and quick deterioration of TAs. Here we control the thermal signature of WS2-type 2D materials by utilizing previously undescribed DOX–WS2–PEG–M13 nanostructures (we term them D nanostructures) through Joule heating phenomena, and develop an integrated system for TT for enhancing thermal performance, and simultaneously, maintaining rapid degradation, and chemotherapy for efficacious treatment. A relative cell viability of ~ 50% was achieved by the D-based TT (DTT) configuration, as well as a 1 nM drug concentration. The D-driven chemotherapy (DCT) model also attains a relative cell viability of 80% for 1 nM drug concentration, while a 1-week degradation time was revealed by the D nanostructure. Theoretical studies elucidate the drug molecule–nanostructure and drug-on-nanostructure–solution interaction-facilitated enhancement in drug loading and drug release performance in DCT varieties. As a result, this work not only proposes a “ideal TA” that circumvents TA restrictions, but also enables proof-of-concept application of WS2-based materials in chemotherapy-unified combination cancer therapy. Graphical Abstract

Thermal agents (TAs) have exhibited promise in clinical tests when utilized in cancer thermal therapy (TT). While rapid degradation of TAs may address safety concerns, it limits the thermal stability required for effective treatment. TAs, which possess exceptional thermal stability, experience gradual deterioration. There are few approaches that effectively address the trade-off between improving thermal stability and simultaneously boosting material deterioration. Here, we control the thermal character of tungsten disulfide (WS2)-based 2D materials by utilizing an M13 phage through Joule heating (the M13–WS2–PEG nanostructures were generated and termed a tripartite (T) nanostructure), and developed a T nanostructure-driven TT platform (we called it T-TT) for efficient thermal ablation of clinically relevant MCF-7 cells. A relative cell viability of ~59% was achieved, as well as onset time of degradation of ~0.5 week. The T-TT platform also discloses an energy density of 5.9 J/mL. Furthermore, the phage-conjugated WS2 can be utilized to achieve ultrasound imaging for disease monitoring. Therefore, this research not only presents a thermal agent that overcomes TA limitations, but also demonstrates a practical application of WS2-type material system in ultra-energy efficient and effective cancer therapy.

A Co-inovação tem surgido como novo paradigma relacionado à conjuntura aberta da inovação e os Ecossistemas de Inovação, por sua vez, têm atuado como ambientes inovadores junto a diversos atores, causas e atividades ligadas entre si. Ambos os conceitos têm fornecido elementos importantes para a geração de inovações. Porém, apesar dos estudos realizados, a ocorrência da Co-inovação em EIs na literatura ainda se encontra pouco compreendida no que diz respeito às características desse fenômeno principal. Sendo assim, este estudo buscou sintetizar os estudos primários referentes à Co-inovação e à atuação dos EIs, destacando a configuração desse processo mediante as duas perspectivas e os elementos de interseção dessa atuação. Para tanto, o cenário metodológico escolhido pautou-se em uma Metassíntese de estudos de caso qualitativos primários, conteúdos nas bases de dados Scopus, Web of Science e EBSCO. Como resultados principais, o estudo estabeleceu três redes causais mediante as Perspectivas da Co-inovação, do Ecossistema e a Central, englobando o desenvolvimento particular da prática co-inovadora, o contexto junto aos EIs e elementos que dialogam com ambas perspectivas a partir de uma atuação multilateral. Esta pesquisa teórica possui teorias e práticas, ao fortalecer a teoria e estabelecer redes causais com base no que já foi publicado, ao tempo em que contribui para melhorar a compreensão da atuação do processo de Co-inovação em EIs. englobando o desenvolvimento particular da prática coinovadora, o contexto junto aos EIs e elementos que dialogam com ambas perspectivas a partir de uma atuação multilateral. Esta pesquisa teórica possui teorias e práticas, ao fortalecer a teoria e estabelecer redes causais com base no que já foi publicado, ao tempo em que contribui para melhorar a compreensão da atuação do processo de Co-inovação em EIs. englobando o desenvolvimento particular da prática coinovadora, o contexto junto aos EIs e elementos que dialogam com ambas perspectivas a partir de uma atuação multilateral. Esta pesquisa teórica possui teorias e práticas, ao fortalecer a teoria e estabelecer redes causais com base no que já foi publicado, ao tempo em que contribui para melhorar a compreensão da atuação do processo de Co-inovação em EIs.

Thermal agents (TAs) have exhibited promise in clinical tests when utilized in cancer thermal therapy (TT). While rapid degradation of TAs may address safety concerns, it limits the thermal stability required for effective treatment. TAs, which possess exceptional thermal stability, experience gradual deterioration. There are few approaches that effectively address the trade-off between improving thermal stability and simultaneously boosting material deterioration. Here, we control the thermal character of tungsten disulfide (WS2)-based 2D materials by utilizing an M13 phage through Joule heating (the M13–WS2–PEG nanostructures were generated and termed a tripartite (T) nanostructure), and developed a T nanostructure-driven TT platform (we called it T-TT) for efficient thermal ablation of clinically relevant MCF-7 cells. A relative cell viability of ~59% was achieved, as well as onset time of degradation of ~0.5 week. The T-TT platform also discloses an energy density of 5.9 J/mL. Furthermore, the phage-conjugated WS2 can be utilized to achieve ultrasound imaging for disease monitoring. Therefore, this research not only presents a thermal agent that overcomes TA limitations, but also demonstrates a practical application of WS2-type material system in ultra-energy efficient and effective cancer therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to investigate how the institutional practices that reordered the status of the still cachaça in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, occurred. Through a qualitative research, data from four decades (1982-2020) of institutional work in the cachaça Minas Gerais branch were used. The information was collected through documentary research and interviews that were treated by thematic analysis. From the articulation of a heterogeneous group of actors, it was possible to register how the dynamics of the status changed over time. The practices required from the actors not only personal efforts in the routines of the field, but the involvement in broader actions, such as changes in the political, technical, and cultural levels. It became evident that the institutional work carried out by actors in the cachaça branch changed the status of the drink, by shifting from a position of low social prestige to become a reference in the quality of the distillate both nationally and internationally. In conclusion, the study provided theoretical support that helped to explain how status’ changes can occur in market dynamics, as well as providing elements that evidence the reorganization of status at the macro-organizational level.

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The purpose of this paper is to comprehend the construction of entrepreneurial practices in family businesses. In order to do so, we studied four family businesses from the cachaçaindustry through a qualitative multicase study.We observed that entrepreneurial practices of organization creation, of opportunities’ identification and exploration, of production and commercialization, and of innovation, contributed alltogheter for these businesses’ evolution, competitivity and survival. Therefore, we consider the approach of entrepreneurship through entrepreneurial practices may constitute an alternative for the development of the field, contributing to a more comprehensive analysis of entrepreneurial phenomena in general, and of family businesses in particular.

Objetivo: realizar uma revisão sistemática da produção científica brasileira sobre Estética Organizacional, nas publicações da área de administração, na base de dados Spell. Metodologia: Amparados na perspectiva da abordagem qualitativa o método de revisão sistemática de literatura foi escolhido, com base no protocolo PRISMA, uma vez que proporciona aos pesquisadores subsídios para a compreensão do fenômeno por meio do mapeamento do campo científico investigado. Resultados: Os dados nos levaram a identificação de tendências existentes no campo da produção científica nacional em torno de dois eixos principais: (1) Estética e Antonio Strati e (2) Estética e Michel de Certeau. Contribuições: Esta revisão representa um esforço teórico para identificar novas intersecções temáticas e prover novos olhares sobre os fenômenos organizacionais a partir da estética organizacional. Podemos destacar o desenvolvimento de estudos sobre estética organizacional com as temáticas já consolidadas e emergentes, ou ainda negligenciadas, como um caminho possível à compreensão de fenômenos organizacionais.

Informality presents itself as one of the hallmarks of the stillcachaça. In the state of Minas Gerais, the largest artisanal producer in the country, the rates surpassed 98% in 1980. Based on the perspective of Institutional Work, the objective of this article was to understand how the practices of the managers of theNational Association of Producers took place in interrupting informality. In methodological terms, a qualitative study was used, investigating three decades of institutional practices. It was found that if deinstitutionalization reduced informality, the challenges have not been exhausted, since legal structures are still an obstacle for the sector. The results contribute with empirical elements that reinforce the disruption, in a theoretical context still little explored in the literature.

As tradições inventadas são práticas que atribuem valores pela repetição, de forma a estabelecer significados que vinculam a um histórico. Ao mesmo tempo em que representam o início de um período, essas tradições são descoladas do processo do qual emergiram, estabelecendo a continuidade com um passado, cujos significados são mutáveis. Nesse sentido, o artigo teve por objetivo analisar os conflitos e exclusões na reinvenção da dita tradicional cachaça artesanal de alambique. Por meio de uma pesquisa qualitativa, recorreu-se às práticas e narrativas utilizadas ao longo de quatro décadas (1982-2020) em Minas Gerais. Os achados evidenciaram uma rede de atores que se colocaram como os guardiões da tradição, ao se basearem no conhecimento técnico-científico. A mescla de antigos e novos elementos cumpriu um papel de situar a cachaça como uma nova bebida (distinta da antiga pinga), mas “tradicional”. Ainda que esse discurso tenha silenciado diversos desencaixes históricos, a narrativa operou dualismos que manteve a vinculação identitária de um grupo específico (empresários), ao mesmo tempo em que constituiu de status e autoridade no papel da delimitação daqueles (a maioria dos pequenos produtores rurais) que foram os excluídos do seu processo de invenção.

Resumo A eficiência operacional é fundamental para o desenvolvimento de propriedades leiteiras e está atrelada aos fatores de produção (terra, trabalho e capital). A má utilização desses recursos pode conferir mais riscos à atividade leiteira pelo possível aumento da ineficiência. Diante disso, objetivou-se analisar as relações existentes entre eficiência operacional e riscos, desenvolvendo um framework que integre diferentes pesquisas associadas ao negócio leiteiro. Foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa, utilizando-se a técnica de revisão integrativa da literatura em quatro artigos publicados sobre eficiência e risco na pecuária leiteira, encontrados nas bases Web of Sciece e Scopus, de 2010 a maio de 2020. Por meio do framework da gestão estratégica da eficiência e do risco, foram identificadas as principais características que compõem a eficiência de propriedades leiteiras e os riscos que podem impactá-las, bem como quais são as perspectivas futuras para o agronegócio do leite. São necessárias novas pesquisas que investiguem como os riscos advindos dos aumentos do nível de especialização, da formação profissional e da fronteira de produção podem impactar o desenvolvimento e os riscos de propriedades leiteiras. Esta pesquisa pode contribuir com o avanço do conhecimento científico acerca da eficiência e dos riscos na pecuária leiteira brasileira, bem como auxiliar produtores de leite a identificar quais são os maiores riscos da atividade.

Buscou-se, neste ensaio teórico, compreender como se deu o processo de institucionalização da cachaça no Brasil em relação, especificamente, à história de produção e de inserção mercadológica, destacando os efeitos sociais e culturais ao longo do tempo. Percebeu-se que a bebida existe desde o Brasil Colônia, mas que, apenas nos últimos anos, o setor de cachaça tem sido organizado e reconhecido institucionalmente. Apesar disso, os produtores têm encontrado muitos desafios para se regularizar e padronizar o processo produtivo de acordo com as exigências do atual contexto político e sociocultural.

An analysis of climate extremes indices was conducted for maximum temperatures (TMax), minimum temperatures (TMin), and daily rainfall data (PRCP) over the northeast region of Brazil for the period of 1961–2014. The indices were calculated for 96 weather stations using RClimDex software in a sub-regional study based on cluster analysis, as well as for each individual weather station, after a rigorous process of quality control, gap filling of missing values, and homogenization. The Mann-Kendall non-parametric trend test was employed to assess the statistical significance of the series. The results indicate unequivocal signs of heating. In the past decades, there were predominant trends of decrease in the percentage of cold nights (−8.4% days/decade), increase in the percentage of the number of warm nights (10.6% days/decade), increase in the number of days per decade in which the minimum temperature exceeded the threshold of 20 °C, and a trend showing an increase in heat waves. This was corroborated by the declining trend in the number of consecutive days in which TMin did not exceed the 10th percentile, and the increase in the number of consecutive days in which TMax exceeded the 90th percentile in the data distribution. With regard to PRCP, in most weather stations where there is a significant increase in consecutive dry days, there is also a trend of significant increase in consecutive wet days, thereby intensifying the seasonality, with the dry seasons becoming drier and the rainy seasons wetter. In most weather stations, a reduction was found in the total annual precipitation and in the frequency of rainy days. Moreover, in many stations, an increase in rainfall events that surpasses the threshold of 95% and 99% in the distribution was discovered. These factors highlight concerns of a region of Brazil marked by the scarcity of perennial water resources and the threat of desertification.

Resumo Este artigo pretende traçar um panorama geral sobre as discussões acumuladas em torno da corrupção, identificando e agrupando as principais ocorrências relacionadas com ela na pesquisa científica. Os textos encontrados durante o processo de revisão de literatura revelam o caráter heterogêneo e assimétrico da produção científica sobre o tema. Do parco ou quase inexistente número de artigos dedicados exclusivamente à revisão de literatura sobre a corrupção até a infinidade de textos que atacam suas causas, efeitos e percepção, o tema é abordado com interesses diferentes no meio científico. Nosso artigo pretende prestar uma contribuição aos estudos de administração pública ao identificar os sentidos das pesquisas sobre corrupção e organizá-los em seis grupos ou eixos temáticos.

The business simulation is an interesting tool for active experimental learning used in business courses in order to bring together theory and practice, comprising the knowledge of strategy. In this case study, we analyze this capability into a constructivist perspective, distinguishing our work from others that focus on the effectiveness of these business games. Once established the coherence between the study’s purpose and its epistemological approach of learning, taken as a mental effort that is at the same time social and personal, this paper attempted to reveal which concepts of strategy the students internalize after a business game course. We carried out a content analysis of the texts written by the students in their final exam. The results, while showing the possibilities of agency problems in the course, led the research team to conclude that students set partial dimensions of strategy, conceived as: mutual construction, management of errors, course of action, intention, path dependence and learned lessons, which were put together as a possible collective discourse built from individual fragments. Keywords Education in management; Teaching strategy; Business simulation.

Clinical trials have generated encouraging outcomes for the utility of thermal agents (TAs) in cancer thermal therapy (TT). Although the fast breakdown of TAs alleviates safety concerns, it restricts the thermal stability necessary for effective treatment. TAs with excellent thermal stability, on the other hand, deteriorate slowly. Rare are the approaches that address the trade-off between high thermal stability and quick deterioration of TAs. Here we control the thermal signature of WS2-type 2D materials by utilizing previously undescribed DOX–WS2–PEG–M13 nanostructures (we term them D nanostructures) through Joule heating phenomena, and develop an integrated system for TT for enhancing thermal performance, and simultaneously, maintaining rapid degradation, and chemotherapy for efficacious treatment. A relative cell viability of ~ 50% was achieved by the D-based TT (DTT) configuration, as well as a 1 nM drug concentration. The D-driven chemotherapy (DCT) model also attains a relative cell viability of 80% for 1 nM drug concentration, while a 1-week degradation time was revealed by the D nanostructure. Theoretical studies elucidate the drug molecule–nanostructure and drug-on-nanostructure–solution interaction-facilitated enhancement in drug loading and drug release performance in DCT varieties. As a result, this work not only proposes a "ideal TA" that circumvents TA restrictions, but also enables proof-of-concept application of WS2-based materials in chemotherapy-unified combination cancer therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]