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309 results on '"Moxley, R. A."'

10. Effects of dietary fiber and distillers grains on fecal shedding of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli in feedlot steers

Author

Schneider, L. G., Erickson, G. E., Moxley, R. A., and Smith, D. R.

Subjects
Neutral Detergent Fiber, Chemistry, Feedlot, medicine, bacteria, food and beverages, Dietary fiber, Food science, bacterial infections and mycoses, medicine.disease_cause, Escherichia coli, Distillers grains, Feces
Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine whether the presence of distillers grain (DGS) in the diet or the level of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) affects shedding of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) in feedlot steers., American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2016

Published
2018
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11. Consensus-based care recommendations for adults with myotonic dystrophy type 1

Author

Ashizawa, T., Gagnon, C., Groh, W.J., Gutmann, L., Johnson, N.E., Meola, G., Moxley, R., 3rd, Pandya, S., Rogers, M.T., Simpson, E., Angeard, N., Bassez, G., Berggren, K.N., Bhakta, D., Bozzali, M., Broderick, A., Byrne, J.L., Campbell, C., Cup, E.H., Day, J.W., Mattia, E. De, Duboc, D., Duong, T., Eichinger, K., Ekstrom, A.B., Engelen, B. van, Esparis, B., Eymard, B., Ferschl, M., Gadalla, S.M., Gallais, B., Goodglick, T., Heatwole, C., Hilbert, J., Holland, V., Kierkegaard, M., Koopman, Wilma, Lane, K., Maas, D, Mankodi, A., Mathews, K.D., Monckton, D.G., Moser, D., Nazarian, S., Nguyen, L, Nopoulos, P., Petty, R., Phetteplace, J., Puymirat, J., Raman, S., Richer, L., Roma, E., Sampson, J., Sansone, V., Schoser, B., Sterling, L., Statland, J., Subramony, S.H., Tian, C., Trujillo, C., Tomaselli, G., Turner, C., Venance, S., Verma, A., White, M., Winblad, S., Ashizawa, T., Gagnon, C., Groh, W.J., Gutmann, L., Johnson, N.E., Meola, G., Moxley, R., 3rd, Pandya, S., Rogers, M.T., Simpson, E., Angeard, N., Bassez, G., Berggren, K.N., Bhakta, D., Bozzali, M., Broderick, A., Byrne, J.L., Campbell, C., Cup, E.H., Day, J.W., Mattia, E. De, Duboc, D., Duong, T., Eichinger, K., Ekstrom, A.B., Engelen, B. van, Esparis, B., Eymard, B., Ferschl, M., Gadalla, S.M., Gallais, B., Goodglick, T., Heatwole, C., Hilbert, J., Holland, V., Kierkegaard, M., Koopman, Wilma, Lane, K., Maas, D, Mankodi, A., Mathews, K.D., Monckton, D.G., Moser, D., Nazarian, S., Nguyen, L, Nopoulos, P., Petty, R., Phetteplace, J., Puymirat, J., Raman, S., Richer, L., Roma, E., Sampson, J., Sansone, V., Schoser, B., Sterling, L., Statland, J., Subramony, S.H., Tian, C., Trujillo, C., Tomaselli, G., Turner, C., Venance, S., Verma, A., White, M., and Winblad, S.

Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext, Purpose of review: Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a severe, progressive genetic disease that affects between 1 in 3,000 and 8,000 individuals globally. No evidence-based guideline exists to inform the care of these patients, and most do not have access to multidisciplinary care centers staffed by experienced professionals, creating a clinical care deficit. Recent findings: The Myotonic Dystrophy Foundation (MDF) recruited 66 international clinicians experienced in DM1 patient care to develop consensus-based care recommendations. MDF created a 2-step methodology for the project using elements of the Single Text Procedure and the Nominal Group Technique. The process generated a 4-page Quick Reference Guide and a comprehensive, 55-page document that provides clinical care recommendations for 19 discrete body systems and/or care considerations. Summary: The resulting recommendations are intended to help standardize and elevate care for this patient population and reduce variability in clinical trial and study environments.

Published
2018

12. A study of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli in beef cow-calf herds in Mississippi and Nebraska

Author

Schneider, L. G., Stromberg, Z. R., Lewis, G. L., Moxley, R. A., and Smith, D. R.

Subjects
Veterinary medicine, Herd, medicine, bacteria, food and beverages, Cow-calf, Biology, bacterial infections and mycoses, medicine.disease_cause, Escherichia coli, Feces
Abstract

The objective of this study was to describe the probability of detecting seven serogroups of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC-7) of public health importance in fecal samples from beef cow-calf herds and to identify explanatory factors., American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2017

Published
2017
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17. Effects of dietary fiber and distillers grains on enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli hide contamination prior to slaughter in feedlot steers

Author

Schneider, L. G., Erickson, G. E., Moxley, R. A., and Smith, D. R.

Subjects
animal structures, Chemistry, Carcass contamination, animal diseases, food and beverages, Contamination, bacterial infections and mycoses, medicine.disease_cause, Distillers grains, Neutral Detergent Fiber, Feedlot, medicine, bacteria, Dietary fiber, Food science, Escherichia coli
Abstract

Hides of cattle at slaughter serve as an important source for carcass contamination by enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC). The objective of this study was to determine whether the presence of distillers grains (DGS) or the level of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) affects hide contamination by EHEC prior to slaughter in feedlot steers., American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2016

Published
2016
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18. Prevalence of EHEC-7 on hides of market beef cattle at slaughter

Author

Schneider, L. G., Moxley, R. A., and Smith, D. R.

Subjects
Veterinary medicine, Carcass contamination, animal diseases, medicine, Geographic regions, bacteria, food and beverages, Biology, Beef cattle, Contamination, bacterial infections and mycoses, medicine.disease_cause, Escherichia coli
Abstract

Cattle hides at slaughter are an important source of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) carcass contamination. The objective of this study was to estimate the probability for hide contamination with EHEC-7 among US market beef cows at slaughter, as well as test the effects of season and geographic region., American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2016

Published
2016
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22. Survival patterns and cancer determinants in families with myotonic dystrophy type 1.

Author

Best, A. F., Hilbert, J. E., Wood, L., Martens, W. B., Nikolenko, N., Marini‐Bettolo, C., Lochmüller, H., Rosenberg, P. S., Moxley, R. T., Greene, M. H., and Gadalla, S. M.

Subjects
MYOTONIA atrophica, CANCER-related mortality, FAMILY history (Medicine), GENETIC testing, CANCER patient medical care
Abstract

Background and purpose: Research indicates that patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) are at increased risk of cancer and early death. Family data may provide insights given DM1 phenotypic heterogeneity, the broad range of non‐muscular manifestations and the usual delays in the diagnosis of DM1. Method: Family history data were collected from 397 genetically and/or clinically confirmed DM1 patients (respondents) enrolled in the US or UK myotonic dystrophy registries. Standardized mortality ratios were calculated for DM1 first‐degree relatives (parents, siblings and offspring) by their reported DM1 status (affected, unaffected or unknown). For cancer‐related analyses, mixed effects logistic regression models were used to evaluate factors associated with cancer development in DM1 families, including familial clustering. Results: A total of 467 deaths and 337 cancers were reported amongst 1737 first‐degree DM1 relatives. Mortality risk amongst relatives reported as DM1‐unaffected was comparable to that of the general population [standardized mortality ratio (SMR) 0.82, P = 0.06], whilst significantly higher mortality risks were noted in DM1‐affected relatives (SMR = 2.47, P < 0.0001) and in those whose DM1 status was unknown (SMR = 1.60, P < 0.0001). In cancer risk analyses, risk was higher amongst families in which the DM1 respondent had cancer (odds ratio 1.95, P = 0.0001). Unknown DM1 status in the siblings (odds ratio 2.59, P = 0.004) was associated with higher cancer risk. Conclusion: There is an increased risk of death, and probably cancer, in relatives with DM1 and in those whose DM1 status is unknown. This suggests a need to perform a careful history and physical examination, supplemented by genetic testing, to identify family members at risk for DM1 and who might benefit from disease‐specific clinical care and surveillance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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24. Risk factors in beef cattle for terminal rectal mucosa colonization of Escherichia coli 0157:H7

Author

Schneider, L. G., Erickson, G. E., Moxley, R. A., and Smith, D. R.

Subjects
Veterinary medicine, Foodborne pathogen, Rectal mucosa, Human exposure, animal diseases, medicine, Colonization, Beef cattle, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Escherichia coli
Abstract

Escherichia coli 0157:H7 (STEC 0157) is an important foodborne pathogen of humans. Cattle are sub-clinically colonized with STEC 0157 at the terminal rectal mucosa (TRM). Live cattle serve as an important reservoir for human exposure, but it is unknown if health or performance characteristics of cattle predict their risk for colonization. Our objective was to test if disease during the finishing phase, growth performance, or carcass quality measurements at harvest increased the odds of E. coli TRM colonization at the time of slaughter., American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2014

Published
2014
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25. Factors affecting Escherichia coli 0157:H7 hide contamination of feedlot cattle

Author

Schneider, L. G., Erickson, G. E., Moxley, R. A., and Smith, D. R.

Subjects
education.field_of_study, Enteric bacterium, Feedlot cattle, animal diseases, Population, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, Contamination, Biology, bacterial infections and mycoses, medicine.disease_cause, Microbiology, fluids and secretions, Human exposure, medicine, bacteria, education, Escherichia coli
Abstract

Shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli 0157:H7 (STEC 0157) is an enteric bacterium that can cause severe illness in humans. Cattle are important asymptomatic reservoirs for direct or indirect human exposure to STEC 0157. The STEC 0157 colonize the terminal rectum mucosa (TRM) of cattle, and colonized cattle have been defined as super-shedders because while colonized they are an important source of STEC 0157 to other cattle in the population. At harvest, hide-to-carcass transfer of STEC 0157 presents an important risk for beef contamination and human foodborne exposure. Our objective was to determine factors that increase prevalence of hide contamination., American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2014

Published
2014
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29. A randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effects of dietary fibre from distillers grains on enterohemorrhagic <italic>Escherichia coli</italic> detection from the rectoanal mucosa and hides of feedlot steers.

Author

Schneider, L. G., Klopfenstein, T. J., Stromberg, Z. R., Lewis, G. L., Erickson, G. E., Moxley, R. A., and Smith, D. R.

Subjects
ESCHERICHIA coli O157:H7, ESCHERICHIA coli transmission, DISTILLERS feeds, EPIDEMIOLOGY, RANDOMIZED controlled trials
Abstract

Summary: Feeding high levels (≥40% dry matter) of distillers grains may increase the risk for cattle to carry enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157. The mechanism for the increased risk is not known nor whether non‐O157 EHEC are similarly affected. Our objective was to test whether the fibre content or other components of modified distillers grains plus solubles (MDGS) affects the probability for cattle to carry EHEC serogroups of public health importance. A 2 × 2 plus 1 factorial treatment arrangement within a randomized block design was utilized. Within each of four blocks, 25 feedlot pens (n = 8 steers/pen) were assigned randomly to (i) corn‐based control diet; (ii) 20% dry matter (DM) MDGS; (iii) 40% DM MDGS; (iv) corn bran added to corn‐based diet to match fibre of 20% MDGS or (v) 40% MDGS. Rectoanal mucosa swabs (RAMS) were collected on day (d)0, d35, d70 and d105; hide swabs were collected on the last feeding day. Samples were tested for EHEC by a molecular screening assay. The effects of fibre source and fibre level on EHEC carriage were tested using multilevel logistic regression (generalized linear mixed models; α = 0.05). EHEC O45 RAMS detection was associated with fibre level, source and sampling day. EHEC O103 RAMS detection increased by feeding 40% MDGS but not the corresponding corn bran diet. Hide contamination by EHEC O45 or O103 was less likely in cattle fed MDGS compared to corn bran diets. EHEC O111 RAMS detection decreased by feeding 40% MDGS but not by feeding the corresponding corn bran diet. Detection of EHEC O157 or O145 was not associated with dietary factors. Feeding 40% MDGS increased the probability for carriage of some EHEC serogroups but decreased probability of others, which indicated that EHEC serogroups have different risk factors associated with feeding MDGS and little association with dietary fibre. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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33. A Longitudinal Study to Describe the Presence of Escherichia coli 0157:H7 and Salmonella spp in Feedlot Cattle Pens

Author

Smith, D. R., Moxley, R. A., Hinkley, S., and Klopfenstein, T. J.

Subjects
Salmonella, Veterinary medicine, Longitudinal study, genetic structures, Feedlot cattle, medicine, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Diagnostic strategy, Escherichia coli
Abstract

The objective of this study was to use a novel diagnostic strategy to describe the presence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella spp in pens of feedlot cattle over the course of the feeding period., American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2002

Published
2002
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34. A Longitudinal Study of the Prevalence, Incidence and Duration of Fecal Shedding of Escherichia coli 0157:H7 by Feedlot Cattle

Author

Smith, D. R., Moxley, R. A., Folmer, J. D., Younts, S. M., Khaitsa, M., Gray, J. T., Hinkley, S., Hungerford, L. L., and Klopfenstein, T. J.

Subjects
Prevalence incidence, Veterinary medicine, Longitudinal study, fluids and secretions, genetic structures, Feedlot cattle, Feedlot, medicine, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Escherichia coli, Feces
Abstract

Escherichia coli O157:H7 appears ubiquitous to pens of feedlot cattle; however, the percentage of cattle shedding the organism within different feedlot pens has been observed to vary widely over time and space.1 The objective of this study was to describe the variability of E. coli O157:H7 fecal shedding within contiguous pens of cattle over the course of the feeding period., American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2001

Published
2001
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35. Pen-level prevalence and Environmental Risk Factors for Escherichia coli 0157:H7 Fecal Shedding by Feedlot Cattle

Author

Smith, D. R., Younts, S. M., Blackford, M. P., Gray, J. T., Moxley, R. A., Hungerford, L. L., Milton, C. T., and Klopfenstein, T. J.

Subjects
genetic structures
Abstract

The objective of this study was to describe feedlot pens by the point-prevalence of cattle shedding Escherichia coli O157:H7 in feces, and to look for relationships between pen prevalence and other characteristics of the pen., American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2000

Published
2000
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50. Executive dysfunction and avoidant personality trait in myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM-1) and in proximal myotonic myopathy (PROMM/DM-2)

Author

Meola, G, Sansone, V, Perani, D, Scarone, S, Cappa, S, Dragoni, C, Cattaneo, E, Cotelli, M, Gobbo, C, Fazio, F, Siciliano, G, Mancuso, M, Vitelli, E, Zhang, S, Krahe, R, Moxley, R, Moxley, RT, Meola, G, Sansone, V, Perani, D, Scarone, S, Cappa, S, Dragoni, C, Cattaneo, E, Cotelli, M, Gobbo, C, Fazio, F, Siciliano, G, Mancuso, M, Vitelli, E, Zhang, S, Krahe, R, Moxley, R, and Moxley, RT

Abstract

A previous study in proximal myotonic myopathy (PROMM/DM-2) and myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM-1) using brain positron emission tomography demonstrated a reduced cerebral blood flow in the frontal and temporal regions associated with cognitive impairment. The objective was to investigate further cognitive and behavioural aspects in a new series of patients with DM-1 and PROMM/DM-2. Nineteen patients with genetically determined PROMM/DM-2 and 21 patients with moderately severe DM-1 underwent neuropsychological testing and neuropsychiatric interviews. DM-1 and PROMM/DM-2 patients had significantly lower scores on tests of frontal lobe function compared to controls. Neuropsychiatric interviews demonstrated an avoidant trait personality disorder in both patient groups. Brain single photon emission computed tomography showed frontal and parieto-occipital hypoperfusion. The results suggest that there is a specific cognitive and behavioural profile in PROMM/DM-2 and in DM-1, and that this profile is associated with hypoperfusion in frontal and parieto-occipital regions of the brain

Published
2003

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