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Raimundo Nonato Colares Camargo Júnior,1,&ast; Jaciara Simone Sarmento Gomes,2,&ast; Mônica Cristina Corrêa Carvalho,2,&ast; Hipócrates de Menezes Chalkidis,2,&ast; Welligton Conceição da Silva,1,&ast; Juliana Sousa da Silva,3,&ast; Samia Rubielle Silva de Castro,4,&ast; Raul Cunha Lima Neto,4,&ast; Victor Hugo Pereira Moutinho4,&ast; 1Animal Science Graduate Program, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Pará, Brazil; 2Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Amazon University Center (Unama), Santarém, Pará, Brazil; 3Postgraduate Program in Natural Resources of the Amazon, Federal University of Western Pará, Santarém, Pará, Brazil; 4Institute of Biodiversity and Forests, Federal University of Western Pará, Santarém, Pará, Brazil&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Raimundo Nonato Colares Camargo Júnior, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), R. Augusto Corrêa, 01 - Guamá, Belém, Pará, 66075-110, Brazil, Tel +55 015 93 98124-9425, Fax +55 015 93 98124-9425, Email camargojunior@gmail.comIntroduction: Human visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a zoonosis of great importance to public health due to its epidemiological diversity, with emphasis on the possibility of aggravation by coinfection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).Objective: The aim was to study the epidemiological characteristics of VL cases associated with HIV coinfection in Pará. Methods. Reported cases of VL from January 2006 to December 2016 were investigated. A descriptive epidemiological method related to age, gender, area of residence and coinfection with HIV was used. To calculate variance and test equity, the F-test (Fisher) was performed. To observe the influence of one aspect on another, the chi-square was used to verify if there was dependence or independence between the variables.Results: A total of 1171 cases of VL were reported during the study period. There was an annual mean of LV of 94.9, with a statistical difference (p< 0.05) between age groups, with the highest number of cases being observed in children aged 1 to 4 years (27.16%). Males and the urban area had a higher number of cases. There were 57 cases of VL/HIV coinfection, with emphasis on the year 2013 and the municipality of Santarém, which had the highest number of cases. During the ten years studied, there was a correlation between coinfection VL/ HIV, with significant differences between patients with and without HIV who contracted VL (p< 0.001).Conclusion: The data reveal the endemic nature of VL in the region, with a high percentage of infection in children living in urban areas. Although the studied region is not identified as a predominant area of HIV cases, this study showed a high annual average (10.3) of cases of VL/HIV coinfection being the first time that cases of VL/HIV coinfection were reported in the Mesoregion of the Lower Amazon and Southwest Pará.Keywords: age group, male, children, analytical epidemiology

Due to changes in the Amazon forest dynamics after the first cutting cycle, non exploited species become dominant in the forest. The lack of technological knowledge makes it hard to commercialize these woods, making the understanding of their physical-mechanical properties a fundamental step to properly define their applications. This study aimed to characterize physically and mechanically the wood of Pseudopiptadenia psilostachya and Eschweilera ovata from the second cutting cycle of the Tapajós National Forest, intending to commercially promote and to identify usages for them, as well as to evaluate the viability of replacement of highly commercialized species. The tests were performed accordingly to the Brazilian standard NBR 7190. P. psilostachya, presented bulk density of 0.683 g.cm-3, medium levels of shrinkage and anisotropy, as well as medium hardness (7366 N) and high strength on compression parallel to grain (71.63 MPa) and on static bending (103.9 MPa). It was generally superior to Euxylophora paraensis, but inferior when compared to Bagasssa guianensis and Apuleia leiocarpa, with possibilities to replace these three species. E. ovata, on the other hand, presented bulk density of 0.798 g.cm-3, high shrinkage and anisotropy values, but high values for hardness (12089 N) and strength on compression parallel to grain (68.67 MPa) and on static bending (127.1 MPa). This species exhibited, in general, similarities with Mezilaurus itauba, although it is a little inferior in relation to Hymenaea sp. and Astronium lecointei. Both species, P. psilostachya and E. ovata fit in the highest strength class described on the Brazilian Standard NBR7190, C60. By means of the results found, it was concluded that although the species studied were unknown, they presented timber with enough quality to replace some Amazon timber species widely commercialized on both national and international market.