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In contemporary economic discourse, there exists a pivotal inquiry into the salient characteristics of the Islamic investment industry, which has manifested a noteworthy ascendancy on both Islamic and global fronts in recent years. This study scrutinizes the advantageous aspects of the Islamic investment industry in the present reality, delineating the contributing factors underpinning its proliferation. The findings underscore the divine origins of Islamic investment, grounded in the Qur'an and the Sunnah, operating within the realm of virtuous deeds and ethical conduct, eschewing prohibitions. Central to its ethos is a commitment to justice, participation, solidarity, cooperation, and the safeguarding of the rights of both the affluent and the indigent. Moreover, Islamic investment distinguishes itself from other man-made systems by intricately linking the economy to a set of moral values inherent in financial transactions, including unwavering commitment to truthfulness, honesty, loyalty, and the avoidance of fraudulent practices, monopolies, usury, and injustice. The study reveals that Islamic investment is adaptable and amenable to development, aligning with contemporary contracts that adhere to Sharia principles. Emphatically, it is instrumental in establishing socially responsible and productive projects that stimulate economic activity, generating incomes, augmenting real demand for goods and services, and bolstering savings rates. Consequently, this engenders a positive feedback loop, propelling investment rates and sustaining the cyclical momentum of the economy and production. Crucially, Islamic investment steadfastly avoids engagement in projects that could induce environmental pollution or harm to others, underscoring its commitment to sustainable and ethical practices. This comprehensive analysis contributes valuable insights to the burgeoning academic discourse on the dynamic and principled underpinnings of the Islamic investment industry. ملخص البحث يدور تساؤل بين علماء الاقتصاد اليوم حول معرفة أهم مميزات صناعة الاستثمار الإسلامي في واقعنا المعاصر والتي كان لها عظيم الأثر في ازديادها نموها على المستوي الإسلامي والعالمي على نحو مطرد في السنوات الأخيرة، فجاءت هذه الدراسة لبيان مميزات هذه الصناعة من خلال المنهج الوصفي التحليلي الذي يعتمد على دراسة ظاهرة مزايا صناعة الاستثمار الإسلامي ورصدها في الواقع المعاصرة مع بيان كافة الأسباب التي ساهمت في حدوث هذه الظاهرة ونموها. وخلصت الدراسة إلى عدة نتائج أهمها: أن الاستثمار الإسلامي رباني المصدر يعتمد على الكتاب والسنة، ويكون في مجال الطيبات، واجتناب المحرمات، ويقوم على إقرار مبدأ العدالة، والمشاركة، والتكافل والتعاون ومراعاة حقوق الأغنياء والفقراء، والاعتماد على عنصر الأخلاق والقيم في تمييز الاستثمار الإسلامي عن غيره من النظم الوضعية وذلك برط الاقتصاد بمجموعة من القيم الأخلاقية التي ترتبط بالمعاملات المالية مثل الالتزام بالصدق والأمانة والوفاء واجتناب الغش والتدليس والاحتكار والربا، والظلم ونحو ذلك. وأثبتت الدراسة أن الاستثمار الإسلامي قابل للتطور والموائمة مع جميع العقود المستجدة التي لا تتعارض مع مبادئ الشريعة كما يعمل على تأسيس مشروعات اجتماعية وإنتاجية تعمل على دوران عجلة الاقتصاد حيث تعمل هذه المشروعات على تتحقق الدخول وبالتالي ويزيد الطلب الحقيقي على السلع والخدمات وتزيد معدلات الادخار فمعدلات الاستثمار، وهكذا تدور عجلة الاقتصاد والإنتاج. وفي ذات الوقت يجتنب الاستثمار الإسلامي كل مشروع من شأنه يعمل على التلوث البيئي ويؤدي إلى الإضرار بالآخرين.

Background: Role of point of care ultrasound in management of acute kidney injury (AKI) is still unclear. The discrimination between AKI and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in ED, especially in the absence of clear CKD history, represents a dilemma. Aim: To test the accuracy of POCUS and intact parathormone hormone (iPTH) as differentiators between AKI and CKD, and to investigate the role of POCUS in management of AKI in the ED. Methods: This prospective study involved 95 adult patients presented to ED of Alexandria Main University Hospital, with signs and/or symptoms suggesting renal impairment in the absence of prior renal functions tests from April 2022 to December 2022. POCUS was done and iPTH was measured for all enrolled patients. Validity of renal length and iPTH to discriminate AKI and CKD were tested. POCUS were used to identify different underlying causes of AKI. Results: Renal length ≤ 9.62 cm could diagnose CKD (Area under curve-AUC 0.926) with 82.46% sensitivity, 92.11% specificity, 94.0% PPV and 77.8% NPV. Intact PTH level > 161 pg/ml could diagnose CKD (AUC 0.844) with 73.17% sensitivity, 92.11% specificity, 90.9% PPV and 76.1% NPV. Conclusion: Both renal length and iPTH are accurate tests to differentiate AKI from CKD in ED. POCUS help identifying the different causes of AKI and reaching appropriate management decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a very common cause of disability. Chondrocytes stress and degradation of the extracellular matrix are characteristics of its pathogenesis. This can present clinically as pain and the joint shows inflammation and loss of its normal function due to cartilage degeneration, bone remodeling together with osteophytes formation. Aim of the Work: This work was aimed to evaluate the effect of PBMNCs versus PRP on the restoration of collagen fibers content in the articular cartilage of the knee joint in a model of osteoarthritis in rats by using Mallory trichrome stain. Materials and Methods: 39 male adult albino rats were divided into donor and experimental groups that were subdivided into four groups: Group I represent as a control group, group II served as a model for induction of knee osteoarthritis, group III received single intra-articular injection of PBMNCs and group IV received single intra-articular injection of PRP. Knee joint specimens were processed for light microscopic examination (LM) to be stained with Mallory trichrome stain then the mean area percentage of collagen fibers was statistically analyzed. Results: Group II showed a homogenous decrease in collagen content in all cartilage zones. Group III demonstrated a moderate increase in collagen content mainly in the non-calcified zone but to a lesser extent in the radial and calcified zone. Group IV revealed a mild increase in the collagen content of the articular cartilage. Statistical analysis of the area percentage of collagen fibers confirmed LM findings. Conclusion: Local intra-articular injection of PBMNCs restored the collagen fibers of the articular cartilage in a model of rat knee osteoarthritis better than those treated by PRP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The present study aimed to evaluate the fishery status of the Atlantic horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus) stock in the western Egyptian Mediterranean waters. Random monthly samples of fish were collected during the period from April 2015 to March 2016, with a total of 1054 fish. Growth parameters were determined and the vectors of natural mortality (M) by age, total mortality (Z) and fishing mortality (F), length cohort analysis, and Beverton & Holt Yield per recruit analysis were performed by FiSAT and Virtual Population Analysis (VIT software) programs to estimate the limit and target reference points. The present results showed that the Von Bertalanffy growth parameters were L8 = 29.58 cm, K = 0.27 years-1, and t0 = - 1.49 year. The mean values of Z, F and M were 0.828, 0.575 and 0.253 year-1, respectively. The exploitation rate (E) was 0.694 year. The current yield per recruit (Y/R), biomass per recruit (B/R), and spawning stock biomass (SSB) at the current fishing mortality (0.575 year-1) were 14.27, 31.35 and 12.15g, respectively. The percentage of the current B/R to the virgin biomass was 25.11%. The reference point F0.1 = 0.27, and the limit reference point (FMAX) was 0.48 year-1. These two values are lower than the current value of fishing mortality (0.575 year-). The ratio between FC and F0.1 was 2.128; this value indicates that T. trachurus stock in the Egyptian Mediterranean waters is at a high over exploitation state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Preprint servers can enhance the access to scientific literature by bidirectional linkage from published papers (postprints) to their counterpart preprint versions. The current state of linkage is to link preprints to their corresponding postprints (peer-reviewed articles published in journals). Here, I suggest an opposite automated linkage, from postprints to preprints wherever and whenever preprints are posted on a preprint server. Such connection from paid postprint versions to free preprint versions makes sense as it removes the barriers to get access to paywalled publications freely and easily. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]