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18 results on '"Moustafa, Hanan"'

14. Enhancing the performance of a microbial electrochemical system with carbon-based dynamic membrane as both anode electrode and filtration mediaElectronic supplementary information (ESI) available: Additional results and figures (Fig. S1–S7) can be found in a ESI file. See DOI: 10.1039/d0ew01027h

Author

Liu, Fubin, Moustafa, Hanan, Hassouna, Mohammed Salah El-Din, and He, Zhen

Abstract

Microbial electrochemical systems (MESs) can be incorporated with membrane filtration that assists the bioelectrochemical treatment. Herein, a dynamic membrane (DM) was created on the carbon cloth-based anode electrode in a dynamic membrane microbial electrochemical system (DMES) and evaluated for treating domestic wastewater. The advantage of this DMES was demonstrated viacomparing to the one without DM filtration. It was found that DMES achieved a current density of 15.75 ± 0.86 A m−3at 10 Ω, which is significantly higher than that of the control system with no DM filtration (6.60 ± 0.22 A m−3). Moreover, the DMES effluent had a turbidity of 11.1 ± 0.3–16.7 ± 0.5 NTU under the varied water fluxes, which is much lower than that from the control system (29.3 ± 0.8–34.8 ± 0.5 NTU). The use of a stainless-steel current collector as a part of DM could increase the current generation. However, adding one more layer of DM showed a limited improvement of the DMES performance at the expense of an additional capital cost. When fed with actual domestic wastewater for an extended operation for 30 days, DMES showed relatively stable treatment performance and was able to maintain turbidity lower than 5 NTU. This study has provided the initial results of employing the DM concept in the anode of an MES for enhanced treatment performance and electricity generation. Several challenges to be addressed were identified and discussed with further investigation.

Published
2021
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18. Alterations of immune functions in heroin addicts.

Author

Zaki NG, Osman A, Moustafa H, and Saad AH

Subjects
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone blood, Adult, B-Lymphocytes immunology, B-Lymphocytes metabolism, Heroin antagonists & inhibitors, Heroin Dependence metabolism, Humans, Hydrocortisone blood, Interferon-gamma analysis, Interferon-gamma blood, Interleukins blood, Lymphocyte Activation, Male, Naloxone pharmacology, Narcotic Antagonists pharmacology, Phytohemagglutinins immunology, Phytohemagglutinins metabolism, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome immunology, T-Lymphocytes metabolism, Heroin Dependence immunology, Interferon-gamma metabolism, Interleukins metabolism, T-Lymphocytes immunology
Abstract

The alteration of peripheral blood T-and B-lymphocyte proliferative responses were determined during different periods of withdrawal in heroin (Hw) and heroin / bhang (HBw) addicts. The results clearly demonstrated a significant decrease in the response of T- lymphocytes to PHA-stimulation and secretion of IL-2 in both Hw and HBw addicts. The in vitro presence of naloxone induced further inhibition of the PHA proliferative response and IL-2 production. Our data also indicated a significant suppression of IFN-gamma levels by human blood lymphocytes from Hw and HBw addicts. Additionally, a significant suppression of IFN-gamma production was demonstrated in the presence of naloxone. Moreover, IL-4 production was suppressed in Hw, but not in HBw groups and the in vitro presence of naloxone did not affect the level of IL-4 in both groups. However, IL-10 production was significantly increased in both groups accompanied by a significant suppression of IL-10 secretion in the presence of naloxone. In contrast, IL-5 levels stimulated by PHA showed a significant increase in both groups, while no significant effect of naloxone could be observed. Our results suggested that heroin administration can cause measurable suppression of some components of the human cellular immune system. The results further demonstrated that the immunsuppressive effect observed after heroin use are naloxone-mediated and suggested that activation of the adrenal gland is one potential mechanism for this effect.

Published
2006

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