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2. SLRNet: Semi-Supervised Semantic Segmentation Via Label Reuse for Human Decomposition Images

Author

Mousavi, Sara, Yang, Zhenning, Cross, Kelley, Steadman, Dawnie, and Mockus, Audris

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract

Semantic segmentation is a challenging computer vision task demanding a significant amount of pixel-level annotated data. Producing such data is a time-consuming and costly process, especially for domains with a scarcity of experts, such as medicine or forensic anthropology. While numerous semi-supervised approaches have been developed to make the most from the limited labeled data and ample amount of unlabeled data, domain-specific real-world datasets often have characteristics that both reduce the effectiveness of off-the-shelf state-of-the-art methods and also provide opportunities to create new methods that exploit these characteristics. We propose and evaluate a semi-supervised method that reuses available labels for unlabeled images of a dataset by exploiting existing similarities, while dynamically weighting the impact of these reused labels in the training process. We evaluate our method on a large dataset of human decomposition images and find that our method, while conceptually simple, outperforms state-of-the-art consistency and pseudo-labeling-based methods for the segmentation of this dataset. This paper includes graphic content of human decomposition.

Published
2022

3. Pseudo Pixel-level Labeling for Images with Evolving Content

Author

Mousavi, Sara, Yang, Zhenning, Cross, Kelley, Steadman, Dawnie, and Mockus, Audris

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract

Annotating images for semantic segmentation requires intense manual labor and is a time-consuming and expensive task especially for domains with a scarcity of experts, such as Forensic Anthropology. We leverage the evolving nature of images depicting the decay process in human decomposition data to design a simple yet effective pseudo-pixel-level label generation technique to reduce the amount of effort for manual annotation of such images. We first identify sequences of images with a minimum variation that are most suitable to share the same or similar annotation using an unsupervised approach. Given one user-annotated image in each sequence, we propagate the annotation to the remaining images in the sequence by merging it with annotations produced by a state-of-the-art CAM-based pseudo label generation technique. To evaluate the quality of our pseudo-pixel-level labels, we train two semantic segmentation models with VGG and ResNet backbones on images labeled using our pseudo labeling method and those of a state-of-the-art method. The results indicate that using our pseudo-labels instead of those generated using the state-of-the-art method in the training process improves the mean-IoU and the frequency-weighted-IoU of the VGG and ResNet-based semantic segmentation models by 3.36%, 2.58%, 10.39%, and 12.91% respectively.

Published
2021

4. Collaborative Learning of Semi-Supervised Clustering and Classification for Labeling Uncurated Data

Author

Mousavi, Sara, Lee, Dylan, Griffin, Tatianna, Steadman, Dawnie, and Mockus, Audris

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning, Statistics - Machine Learning
Abstract

Domain-specific image collections present potential value in various areas of science and business but are often not curated nor have any way to readily extract relevant content. To employ contemporary supervised image analysis methods on such image data, they must first be cleaned and organized, and then manually labeled for the nomenclature employed in the specific domain, which is a time consuming and expensive endeavor. To address this issue, we designed and implemented the Plud system. Plud provides an iterative semi-supervised workflow to minimize the effort spent by an expert and handles realistic large collections of images. We believe it can support labeling datasets regardless of their size and type. Plud is an iterative sequence of unsupervised clustering, human assistance, and supervised classification. With each iteration 1) the labeled dataset grows, 2) the generality of the classification method and its accuracy increases, and 3) manual effort is reduced. We evaluated the effectiveness of our system, by applying it on over a million images documenting human decomposition. In our experiment comparing manual labeling with labeling conducted with the support of Plud, we found that it reduces the time needed to label data and produces highly accurate models for this new domain.

Published
2020

5. Detecting and Characterizing Bots that Commit Code

Author

Dey, Tapajit, Mousavi, Sara, Ponce, Eduardo, Fry, Tanner, Vasilescu, Bogdan, Filippova, Anna, and Mockus, Audris

Subjects
Computer Science - Software Engineering, Computer Science - Cryptography and Security, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Social and Information Networks, Statistics - Machine Learning
Abstract

Background: Some developer activity traditionally performed manually, such as making code commits, opening, managing, or closing issues is increasingly subject to automation in many OSS projects. Specifically, such activity is often performed by tools that react to events or run at specific times. We refer to such automation tools as bots and, in many software mining scenarios related to developer productivity or code quality it is desirable to identify bots in order to separate their actions from actions of individuals. Aim: Find an automated way of identifying bots and code committed by these bots, and to characterize the types of bots based on their activity patterns. Method and Result: We propose BIMAN, a systematic approach to detect bots using author names, commit messages, files modified by the commit, and projects associated with the ommits. For our test data, the value for AUC-ROC was 0.9. We also characterized these bots based on the time patterns of their code commits and the types of files modified, and found that they primarily work with documentation files and web pages, and these files are most prevalent in HTML and JavaScript ecosystems. We have compiled a shareable dataset containing detailed information about 461 bots we found (all of whom have more than 1000 commits) and 13,762,430 commits they created., Comment: Preprint of the paper accepted in MSR, 2020 conference

Published
2020
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6. An Analytical Workflow for Clustering Forensic Images

Author

Mousavi, Sara, Lee, Dylan, Griffin, Tatianna, Steadman, Dawnie, and Mockus, Audris

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract

Large collections of images, if curated, drastically contribute to the quality of research in many domains. Unsupervised clustering is an intuitive, yet effective step towards curating such datasets. In this work, we present a workflow for unsupervisedly clustering a large collection of forensic images. The workflow utilizes classic clustering on deep feature representation of the images in addition to domain-related data to group them together. Our manual evaluation shows a purity of 89\% for the resulted clusters.

Published
2019

8. Machine-assisted annotation of forensic imagery

Author

Mousavi, Sara, Nabati, Ramin, Kleeschulte, Megan, and Mockus, Audris

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Information Retrieval, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

Image collections, if critical aspects of image content are exposed, can spur research and practical applications in many domains. Supervised machine learning may be the only feasible way to annotate very large collections, but leading approaches rely on large samples of completely and accurately annotated images. In the case of a large forensic collection, we are aiming to annotate, neither the complete annotation nor the large training samples can be feasibly produced. We, therefore, investigate ways to assist manual annotation efforts done by forensic experts. We present a method that can propose both images and areas within an image likely to contain desired classes. Evaluation of the method with human annotators showed highly accurate classification that was strongly helped by transfer learning. The segmentation precision (mAP) was improved by adding a separate class capturing background, but that did not affect the recall (mAR). Further work is needed to both increase the accuracy of segmentation and enhances prediction with additional covariates affecting decomposition. We hope this effort to be of help in other domains that require weak segmentation and have limited availability of qualified annotators., Comment: Submitted to ICIP 2019

Published
2019

11. ICPUTRD: Image Cloud Platform for use in tagging and research on decomposition.

Author

Nau, Anna‐Maria, Mousavi, Sara, Lee, Dylan, Hossain, Rayhan, Griffin, Tatianna, Steadman, Dawnie Wolfe, and Mockus, Audris

Subjects
*HUMAN decomposition, *AGILE software development, *FORENSIC anthropology, *FORENSIC sciences, *IMAGING system software, *JAVASCRIPT programming language
Abstract

Human decomposition studies aim to understand the various factors influencing human decay to assess the deceased and develop postmortem interval (PMI) estimation methods. These types of studies are typically conducted through physical experiments examining the deceased; however, big data systems have the potential to transform how large‐scale forensic anthropology research questions can be addressed with curated images of donors with known demographic, climatic, and postmortem historical data. This study introduces ICPUTRD (Image Cloud Platform for Use in Tagging and Research on Decomposition), a web‐based software system, which enables forensic scientists to easily access, enhance (or curate), and analyze very large photographic collections documenting the longitudinal process of human decomposition. ICPUTRD, a JavaScript‐based application, was designed and built through a combination of the Waterfall and Agile software development life‐cycle methods and provides an image search and tagging features with a predefined nomenclature of forensic‐related keywords. To evaluate the system, a user study was conducted, involving 27 participants who completed pre‐ and post‐study surveys and three research tasks. Analysis of the study results confirmed the feasibility and practicality of ICPUTRD to facilitate aspects of forensic research and casework involving large collections of digital photographs of human decomposition. It was observed that the nomenclature lacked certain law enforcement keywords, so future work will focus on expanding it to ensure ICPUTRD is suited for all its intended users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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24. Role of Types of Inner Speech in the Prediction of Symptoms of Anxiety, Depression, Somatization, and Distress in the Normal Population.

Author

Kivi, Hossein Ghamari, Miyanroudi, Fatemeh Jamshiddoust, Mousavi, Sara, and Ghavibazu, Effat

Subjects
ANXIETY, MENTAL depression, SOMATIZATION disorder, PSYCHOLOGICAL distress, SYMPTOMS
Abstract

Objective: It is extremely common for adults to use self-talk to regulate their behavior. However, the underlying processes leading to differences in inner speech are not well understood. In this study, the correlation between various forms of self-talk and symptoms of anxiety (hyperactivity), depression, sleepiness, and distress was investigated. Methods: The research method is a descriptive correlation type. The statistical population of the study included all 10 000 students of Mohaghegh Ardabili University in Iran in the academic year of 2019-2020. A total of 378 students of Mohaghegh Ardabili University were selected through a multi-stage cluster sampling method. The varieties of the inner speech questionnaire (VISQ) and the four-dimensional symptom questionnaire (4DSQ) were administered to all subjects. Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise multivariate regression analysis were used. Data were analyzed by SPSS software, version 23. Results: The results showed the strongest inner speech for predicting anxiety, depression, and somatization disorders is another type of inner speech. On the other hand, in those with distress symptoms, evaluative/critical inner speech was appropriately predictive. Also, positiveregulative inner speech negatively predicts anxiety, depression, and distress. In the normal population, positive regulative inner speech is considered an appropriate predictor. Conclusion: Consequently, probably two types of inner speech evaluation-critical and positive-regulative exist that have more powerful construct validity, and usage of other inner speech is questionable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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26. Does folic acid supplementation have a positive effect on improving memory? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Author

Akhgarjand, Camellia, Ebrahimi Mousavi, Sara, Kalantar, Zahra, Bagheri, Amir, Imani, Hossein, Rezvani, Hamid, Ghorbi, Mahmoud Dehghani, and Vahabi, Zahra

Subjects
Aging, Cognitive Neuroscience
Abstract

IntroductionThe results of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effect of folic acid supplementation on memory status due to various heterogeneity, dosage, duration, and cognitive function assessments were inconclusive. Therefore, we have performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effect of folic acid supplementation on memory in RCTs.MethodComprehensive computerized systematic searches were conducted throughout Scopus, PubMed/Medline, and Google Scholar from inception until February 2022 to investigate the effect of folic acid supplementation memory levels in RCTs. The standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CIs) were used to estimate the overall effect size using random-effects meta-analyses.ResultsThe overall results of nine trials with 641 participants, revealed that folic acid supplementation did not significantly change memory score compared to placebo (SMD: 0.12; 95% CI: −0.17, 0.40, p = 0.418; I2 = 62.6%). However, subgroup analyses showed that supplementation with folic acid had favorable effects on memory levels considering the following conditions: (1) doses lower than 1 mg/day, (2) treatment lasting more than 6 months, (3) conducted in eastern countries, and (4) in participants equal to or older than 70 years old. The dose-response analysis suggested a significant favorable effect on memory status at doses of 6–11 mg/d and a significant decline at doses of 17–20 mg/d.DiscussionAlthough we did not find a significant effect of folic acid supplementation on memory, there were some suggestions of beneficial effects in the subgroup analyses.

Published
2022

27. The Combined Effect of Taurine and Omega-3 Supplementation on Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness in High-Intensity Eccentric Exercise.

Author

Asjodi, Foad, Rasekhi, Hamid, Mousavi, Sara Ebrahimi, Iravani, Orod Mohajer, and Khazaei, Yasaman

Subjects
MYALGIA, MUSCLE contraction, EXERCISE physiology, CREATINE kinase, HEALTH outcome assessment, DIETARY supplements, RANDOMIZED controlled trials, OMEGA-3 fatty acids, LACTATE dehydrogenase, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, AMINO acids, STATISTICAL sampling
Abstract

Background: Eccentric exercise makes more tensions in active muscle fibers, resulting in muscle damage and delayed pain. Therefore, Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS) is a common result of severe eccentric contractions. This study aimed to clarify the combined effect of taurine and omega-3 supplementation on DOMS and muscle damage after high-intensity eccentric exercise in young untrained men. Methods: Forty-eight young untrained males were assigned to four groups (taurine+omega-3 [combined], taurine, omega-3, and one placebo group) and given 1,500 mg taurine and 1,500 mg omega-3 or 1,500 mg taurine or 1,500 mg omega-3 or placebo twice a day respectively. Each group received its supplements for twenty-eight days. DOMS and muscle damage in the lower body developed using a leg press with a weight equivalent to 70% of 1RM (One-Repetition Maximum). Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Creatine kinase (CK) and perceived muscle soreness measures were repeated before, immediately, 24, 48, and 72 hr after eccentric activity. p<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: In the combined group, there was no increase in CK and LDH in immediate time and 72 hr after the exercise, respectively, compared to the period before the workout. At 24 and 48 hr after the training, there was a significant decrease in muscle pain perception in all groups compared to placebo (p<0.05). Coclusion: A combination of 1500 mg taurine and 1500 mg omega-3, two times a day, for four weeks can reduce the levels of CK and LDH enzymes as some indicators of muscle damage. It also attenuates exercise-induced DOMS and muscle damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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28. Prediction of Imposter Syndrome in Gifted Female Students based on Ego Development, Self-efficacy, and Self-awareness.

Author

Gholamipour, Niloufar, Solgi, Zahra, Falah-Nodehi, Masoumeh, and Mousavi, Sara

Subjects
GIFTED children, EGO (Psychology), RESEARCH, CLUSTER sampling, MIDDLE schools, SCHOOL health services, SELF-perception, RESEARCH methodology, CROSS-sectional method, REGRESSION analysis, SELF-efficacy, SELF-consciousness (Awareness), RISK assessment, COMPARATIVE studies, PEARSON correlation (Statistics), CRONBACH'S alpha, QUESTIONNAIRES, STATISTICAL correlation, DATA analysis software
Abstract

Introduction: Imposter Syndrome (IS) is loosely defined as doubting your abilities and feeling like a fraud. It disproportionately affects high-achieving people, who find it difficult to accept their accomplishments. This research was conducted in order to predict the IS in gifted students based on ego development, self-efficacy, and self-awareness. Method: The research was descriptive and correlational. All gifted students studying in middle schools in central Islamabad in the academic year 2020-2021 formed the statistical population of this research. For this purpose, 202 students were selected using the cluster sampling method and used the IS Questionnaire (Clans and Ames, 1978), the Ego Development Questionnaire (Markstrom et al., 1997), the Psychological Capital Questionnaire (Luthans et al., 2007), and the Spirituality Questionnaire (Donning and Parsian, 2009). The collected data were analyzed by SPSS version 26 and the significance level was considered 0.05. Results: The results of Pearson's correlation coefficient showed that there was a negative and significant relationship between self-efficacy and spiritual-health scores with IS in female students at the level of 0.05. Moreover, the regression analysis with the simultaneous entry method showed that the predictor variables together explained 43% of the variance of the IS scores among female students. Conclusion: The findings of the present study suggest that the psychological structures under investigation can predict and explain IS in female students. The aim of developing and assembling educational programs is to improve students' self-efficacy. Therefore, school officials, community health officials, and mental health officials are encouraged to improve students' self-efficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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29. Clarification of yeast cell suspensions by a highly porous polyamide nanofiber sponge

Author

Mousavi, Sara, Filipová, Lucie, Ebert, Jürgen, Heiligtag, Florian Johannes, Daumke, Ralph, Loser, Werner, Ledergerber, Bettina, Frank, Brian, Adlhart, Christian, Mousavi, Sara, Filipová, Lucie, Ebert, Jürgen, Heiligtag, Florian Johannes, Daumke, Ralph, Loser, Werner, Ledergerber, Bettina, Frank, Brian, and Adlhart, Christian

Abstract

Depth filtration is an attractive method for initial clarification of broth for removing cells and cell debris. Electrospun nanofibers with their large specific surface area and a porous structure are known as attractive materials in filtration processes. However, dead-end filtration of cells through nanofiber mats (NFM) always leads to cake formation and increasing resistance. In this study, for the first time, a nanofiber sponge (NFS) or nanofiber aerogel was synthetized from polyamide 6 (PA6) building blocks. The NFS was flexible, highly porous and mechanically stable. The pore size of the NFS was tuned between 8 and 26 µm during the cryogenic processing step. Volumetric flux and filtration efficiency of the NFS depended on the pore size and the results were compared with those for NFM from the same PA6 nanofiber material. Dead-end filtration of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was feasible at a low differential pressure of 3.5 kPa and cell filtration efficiency was > 99 %. Modelling of the filtration process revealed that cake formation is prevented by NFS filters since cells are able to penetrate into the filter and to adsorb on their internal surface. The filtration characteristics were also compared with commercial depth filters and revealed the high flux of NFS filters along with the possibility to avoid filter aids and a low environmental impact. PA6-NFS filters may become a new and cost effective generation of filters for removing different cells or cell debris from broth and other applications.

Published
2022

32. Acrylonitrile and Pullulan Based Nanofiber Mats as Easily Accessible Scaffolds for 3D Skin Cell Models Containing Primary Cells

Author

Rimann, Markus, Jüngel, Astrid, Mousavi, Sara, Moeschlin, Nicole, Calcagni, Maurizio, Wuertz-Kozak, Karin, Brunner, Florian, Dudli, Stefan, Distler, Oliver, Adlhart, Christian, University of Zurich, Rimann, Markus, and Adlhart, Christian

Subjects
3D cell culture, Microenvironment, Acrylonitrile, Tissue Scaffolds, QH301-705.5, Nanofibers, 10051 Rheumatology Clinic and Institute of Physical Medicine, 610 Medicine & health, 2700 General Medicine, Biomaterial, alternative methods, Alternative method, Tissue engineering, Collagen, Biology (General), 10266 Clinic for Reconstructive Surgery, Glucans, 610.28: Biomedizin, Biomedizinische Technik
Abstract

(1) Background: Three-dimensional (3D) collagen I-based skin models are commonly used in drug development and substance testing but have major drawbacks such as batch-to-batch variations and ethical concerns. Recently, synthetic nanofibrous scaffolds created by electrospinning have received increasing interest as potential alternatives due to their morphological similarities to native collagen fibrils in size and orientation. The overall objective of this proof-of-concept study was to demonstrate the suitability of two synthetic polymers in creating electrospun scaffolds for 3D skin cell models. (2) Methods: Electrospun nanofiber mats were produced with (i) poly(acrylonitrile-co-methyl acrylate) (P(AN-MA)) and (ii) a blend of pullulan (Pul), poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) (Pul/PVA/PAA) and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform (DRIFT) spectra. Primary skin fibroblasts and keratinocytes were seeded onto the nanofiber mats and analyzed for phenotypic characteristics (phalloidin staining), viability (Presto Blue HS assay), proliferation (Ki-67 staining), distribution (H/E staining), responsiveness to biological stimuli (qPCR), and formation of skin-like structures (H/E staining). (3) Results: P(AN-MA) mats were more loosely packed than the Pul/PVA/PAA mats, concomitant with larger fiber diameter (340 nm ± 120 nm vs. 250 nm ± 120 nm, p < 0.0001). After sterilization and exposure to cell culture media for 28 days, P(AN-MA) mats showed significant adsorption of fetal calf serum (FCS) from the media into the fibers (DRIFT spectra) and increased fiber diameter (590 nm ± 290 nm, p < 0.0001). Skin fibroblasts were viable over time on both nanofiber mats, but suitable cell infiltration only occurred in the P(AN-MA) nanofiber mats. On P(AN-MA) mats, fibroblasts showed their characteristic spindle-like shape, produced a dermis-like structure, and responded well to TGFβ stimulation, with a significant increase in the mRNA expression of PAI1, COL1A1, and αSMA (all p < 0.05). Primary keratinocytes seeded on top of the dermis equivalent proliferated and formed a stratified epidermis-like structure. (4) Conclusion: P(AN-MA) and Pul/PVA/PAA are both biocompatible materials suitable for nanofiber mat production. P(AN-MA) mats hold greater potential as future 3D skin models due to enhanced cell compatibility (i.e., adsorption of FCS proteins), cell infiltration (i.e., increased pore size due to swelling behavior), and cell phenotype preservation. Thus, our proof-of-concept study shows an easy and robust process of producing electrospun scaffolds for 3D skin cell models made of P(AN-MA) nanofibers without the need for bioactive molecule attachments.

Published
2022

33. Cells / Acrylonitrile and Pullulan Based Nanofiber Mats as Easily Accessible Scaffolds for 3D Skin Cell Models Containing Primary Cells

Author

Rimann, Markus, Jüngel, Astrid, Mousavi, Sara, Moeschlin, Nicole, Calcagni, Maurizio, Wuertz-Kozak, Karin, Brunner, Florian, Dudli, Stefan, Distler, Oliver, and Adlhart, Christian

Subjects
3D cell culture, Microenvironment, Tissue engineering, Alternative methods, Biomaterial
Abstract

Background: Three-dimensional (3D) collagen I-based skin models are commonly used in drug development and substance testing but have major drawbacks such as batch-to-batch variations and ethical concerns. Recently, synthetic nanofibrous scaffolds created by electrospinning have received increasing interest as potential alternatives due to their morphological similarities to native collagen fibrils in size and orientation. The overall objective of this proof-of-concept study was to demonstrate the suitability of two synthetic polymers in creating electrospun scaffolds for 3D skin cell models. (2) Methods: Electrospun nanofiber mats were produced with (i) poly(acrylo-nitrile-co-methyl acrylate) (P(AN-MA)) and (ii) a blend of pullulan (Pul), poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) (Pul/PVA/PAA) and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform (DRIFT) spectra. Primary skin fibroblasts and keratinocytes were seeded onto the nanofiber mats and analyzed for phenotypic characteristics (phalloidin staining), viability (Presto Blue HS assay), proliferation (Ki-67 staining), distribution (H/E staining), responsiveness to biological stimuli (qPCR), and formation of skin-like structures (H/E staining). (3) Results: P(AN-MA) mats were more loosely packed than the Pul/PVA/PAA mats, concomitant with larger fiber diameter (340 nm ± 120 nm vs. 250 nm ± 120 nm, p < 0.0001). After sterilization and exposure to cell culture media for 28 days, P(AN-MA) mats showed significant adsorption of fetal calf serum (FCS) from the media into the fibers (DRIFT spectra) and increased fiber diameter (590 nm ± 290 nm, p < 0.0001). Skin fibroblasts were viable over time on both nanofiber mats, but suitable cell infiltration only occurred in the P(AN-MA) nanofiber mats. On P(AN-MA) mats, fibroblasts showed their characteristic spindle-like shape, produced a dermis-like structure, and responded well to TGFβ stimulation, with a significant increase in the mRNA expression of PAI1, COL1A1, and αSMA (all p < 0.05). Primary keratinocytes seeded on top of the dermis equivalent proliferated and formed a stratified epidermis-like structure. (4) Conclusion: P(AN-MA) and Pul/PVA/PAA are both biocompatible materials suitable for nanofiber mat production. P(AN-MA) mats hold greater potential as future 3D skin models due to enhanced cell compatibility (i.e., adsorption of FCS proteins), cell infiltration (i.e., increased pore size due to swelling behavior), and cell phenotype preservation. Thus, our proof-of-concept study shows an easy and robust process of producing electrospun scaffolds for 3D skin cell models made of P(AN-MA) nanofibers without the need for bioactive molecule attachments.

Published
2022

35. The Efficacy of Psychological Capital Intervention (PCI) on Mental Health and Subjective Well-being in Adolescent Girls.

Author

Yarhosseinei, Mohadeceh, Avari, Naghme, Shirazi, Somaiie, Hadadian, Mahsa, Javidan, Lale, and Mousavi, Sara

Abstract

Aim: The purpose of this study is to explore whether training psychological capital is effective on mental health and subjective well-being in adolescence. Method: A quasiexperimental design was used with pre-test and post-test data evaluations, comparing an experimental group to a control group. In this study, the statistical population included adolescent girls with problematic mental health (age 13–15) referred to the Arian psychological clinic from April to June 2021 in Borujerd, Iran. The study included twenty-three adolescents selected through a purposive sampling method and randomly divided into two groups, experimental (n=12) and control (n=11). To collect data, mental health and subjective well-being questionnaires were administered. For the experimental group, Psychological capital intervention (Luthans, Youssef, &Avolio, 2007) was administered in ten sessions of 90-minute every two weeks while the control group received no treatment. MANOVA in SPSS software version 23 was used for data analysis. Finding: Results suggest that the Psychological Capital intervention had positive effects on mental health and subjective well-being in adolescent girls with problematic mental health. Result: This study reveals that Psychological Capital intervention is effective for improving mental health and subjective well-being. This study provides encouraging new evidence for the efficacy of a psychological capital intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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40. Colonias de huertos en Berlín: un análisis compositivo, urbanístico y social

Author

Al Mousavi, Sara and Sanz Hernando, Alberto

Subjects
Urbanismo
Abstract

Alemania y en especial Berlín ha sido el foco principal en el mundo de las colonias de huertos desde el comienzo del siglo pasado hasta el momento; pudiendo integrarlas en la estructura de los espacios verdes, planificación del paisaje y la cultura urbana. El planeamiento urbano de Berlín ha pasado por muchas transformaciones a lo largo de la historia, y el tratamiento de los espacios verdes y el interés en la implantación de las colonias de huertos en la ciudad no siempre ha sido el objetivo principal. No obstante, su permanencia hasta el momento y su presencia clara en la ciudad no es nada más que un testigo de que el modelo es eficaz. En el curso de su historia, su rol en la ciudad ha cambiado según las necesidades de la época, ya que sean para la autoproducción de frutas y verduras para cubrir las necesidades básicas alimentarias de los más desfavorables o refugio durante la guerra o factor de sostenibilidad y biodiversidad o un espacio verde privado en tiempos de cuarentena. Este trabajo investiga la evolución y la tipología de las colonias de huertos a partir de un modelo desarrollado por Leberecht Migge, que se basa en integrar las colonias en un sistema verde más grande como en el primer caso de el parque popular Rehberge Volkspark y vincular los huertos a la vivienda, proporcionando espacios verdes y huertos de autosuficiencia en especial en la periferia de Berlín, como en el segundo caso de estudio de la colonia permanente de Rauhe Berge. Según el modelo donde se divide el solar en parcelas que tienen una superficie correspondiente con las necesidades alimentarias del número de residentes de las viviendas vinculadas. La inclusión de las colonias de huertos en la infraestructura verde de las ciudades europeas, podría ser la solución de muchos problemas actuales, además, con la posibilidad de replantear la configuración de los espacios comunitarios debido a la pandemia, podrían proporcionar un espacio verde privado, fuera de aglomeraciones donde los ciudadanos podrían estar en contacto con la naturaleza y aprovechar las ventajas de las colonias sin invadir el espacio personal de los demás.

Published
2021

41. Colonias de huertos en Berlín: un análisis compositivo, urbanístico y social

Author

Sanz Hernando, Alberto, Al Mousavi, Sara, Sanz Hernando, Alberto, and Al Mousavi, Sara

Abstract

Alemania y en especial Berlín ha sido el foco principal en el mundo de las colonias de huertos desde el comienzo del siglo pasado hasta el momento; pudiendo integrarlas en la estructura de los espacios verdes, planificación del paisaje y la cultura urbana. El planeamiento urbano de Berlín ha pasado por muchas transformaciones a lo largo de la historia, y el tratamiento de los espacios verdes y el interés en la implantación de las colonias de huertos en la ciudad no siempre ha sido el objetivo principal. No obstante, su permanencia hasta el momento y su presencia clara en la ciudad no es nada más que un testigo de que el modelo es eficaz. En el curso de su historia, su rol en la ciudad ha cambiado según las necesidades de la época, ya que sean para la autoproducción de frutas y verduras para cubrir las necesidades básicas alimentarias de los más desfavorables o refugio durante la guerra o factor de sostenibilidad y biodiversidad o un espacio verde privado en tiempos de cuarentena. Este trabajo investiga la evolución y la tipología de las colonias de huertos a partir de un modelo desarrollado por Leberecht Migge, que se basa en integrar las colonias en un sistema verde más grande como en el primer caso de el parque popular Rehberge Volkspark y vincular los huertos a la vivienda, proporcionando espacios verdes y huertos de autosuficiencia en especial en la periferia de Berlín, como en el segundo caso de estudio de la colonia permanente de Rauhe Berge. Según el modelo donde se divide el solar en parcelas que tienen una superficie correspondiente con las necesidades alimentarias del número de residentes de las viviendas vinculadas. La inclusión de las colonias de huertos en la infraestructura verde de las ciudades europeas, podría ser la solución de muchos problemas actuales, además, con la posibilidad de replantear la configuración de los espacios comunitarios debido a la pandemia, podrían proporcionar un espacio verde privado, fuera de aglomeraciones donde los ciudadan

Published
2021

43. Comparison of Cognitive Emotion Regulation and Psychological Well-being in Working Mothers of Children with Cerebral Palsy and Mothers of Typically Developing Children.

Author

Khoshhalpour, Atefeh, Homayoun-Rad, Shabnam, Moloudi, Astireh, Pournasrollah, Fatemeh, Karimi, Arezoo, and Mousavi, Sara

Subjects
EMOTION regulation, PSYCHOLOGICAL well-being, CEREBRAL palsy, PARENTS of children with disabilities, WORKING mothers
Abstract

Background: Raising a child diagnosed with infantile cerebral palsy (CP) is a challenge for families and causes many changes in their lifestyle. This study aimed to compare the cognitive emotion regulation and psychological well-being in working mothers of children with CP and mothers of typically developing children. Methods: As a retrospective and causal-comparative design, this was a descriptive study. This study was conducted in Tehran, Iran, in 2019; the sample was purposefully selected from working mothers with CP children who have been referred to educational and rehabilitation centers (Tak and Pouya, District 2, Tehran) as well as mothers with healthy children enrolled in kindergartens (District 2, Tehran). The sample number was selected based on previous comparative studies of 100 working mothers with CP children (n = 50) and mothers with healthy children (n = 50) who answered Ryff Psychological Well-being Questionnaire and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ). In this research, in addition to the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) normality test, mean, standard deviation (SD), and an analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used by SPSS software. Results: There was a significant difference between working mothers with healthy children and working mothers with unhealthy children (F = 115.15, P < 0.001). Conclusion: This study supports that working mothers of children with CP experienced a low level of cognitive emotion regulation and psychological well-being compared to mothers of typically developing children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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45. The effectiveness of coping skills training on emotional self-regulation of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Author

Adelian, Fatemeh Hassani, Moghadam, Leila Hatam Tehrani, Rafati, Zahra, Usefi, Maleknaz, Naeini, Vida Shahdadian, and Mousavi, Sara

Subjects
CHILDREN with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, EMOTION regulation, PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation, PRE-tests & post-tests, ANALYSIS of variance
Abstract

Background and Objective: Multiple disabilities are associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), some with single disabilities, while others involve multiple deficits, while others display no specific impairments. This study aimed to examine how coping skills training affects emotional self-regulation in children with ADHD. Methods: In this study, a quasi-experimental design was used with pretests, post-tests and a control group. From October to December 2019, all pediatric ADHD patients attended the Armaghan Pediatric Clinic of the Razi Psychiatric Hospital in district 4 of Tehran, Iran were studied. Totally, 28 of them were chosen for the study using a purposive sampling method. Both groups were randomly divided into two experimental (n=14) and control (n=14) groups. The experimental group received 12 ninety-minute sessions of therapy once a week, while the control group did not receive treatment. The study instruments were a questionnaire on demographic features and the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ). For data analysis, SPSS 21 was used to conduct an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Findings: Twenty-eight children aged 7-12 were evaluated for ADHD (mean=8.13±1.20) whose diagnoses met the diagnostic criteria. The results revealed that coping skills training made significant changes in emotion regulation in pre-test and post-test in experimental group were 13.53±2.446 and 14.00±2.299 and in control group 13.40±2.098 and 13.40±1.920, respectively (P<0.001). Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrated that coping skills training for children with ADHD resulted in improved emotional self-regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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49. The effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral intervention based on stress-induced immunization training on improving sleep quality and mental health of adults during covid-19 pandemic.

Author

Meri, Fatemeh, Shahrivar, Sahar Sharifi, Kuhi, Vahid, Etemadi, Mozhgan, Rad, Mehrnoosh Kalaee, and Mousavi, Sara

Subjects
IMMUNIZATION, COVID-19 pandemic, SLEEP quality, MENTAL health, ADULTS
Abstract

Following the prevalence of the Covid-19 pandemic, people especially the elderly over the age of 65 are more vulnerable to the disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral intervention based on stress-induced immunization training in order to improve sleep quality and mental health of the older adults during pandemic lockdown. This was a quasi-experimental study with pre-test and a control group. The participants were 21 older adults with poor quality of sleep in Tehran, Iran during 2021- 2022. This online study was carried out in the last week of July 2021. Snowball sampling was used to recruit the participants from one source to another. In order to develop an equestionnaire, Whatsapp link was used, which contained close-ended items as well as Likertscale questions on Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). The individuals were randomly divided into experimental (n=12) and control groups (n=9). The experimental group was trained weekly on immunization against stress based on cognitive-behavioral principles (10 weekly sessions, 45 minutes), while the control group did not receive this training. After collecting data, SPSS V. 23 was used to analyze the data (p > .05). Demographic findings showed that the number of women was more than men (24.63% men and 75.37% women) and the Mean ± SD age in the experimental group was 64.52 ± 14.83 and in the control group it was 62.54 ± 13.55, which did not differ significantly in terms of this variable (p > .05). The results showed that cognitive-behavioral intervention based on stress-induced immunization training significantly improved sleep quality and mental health in the experimental group (p < .001). Overall, the stress immunization program is an effective way to improve sleep quality and the mental health of older adults during the pandemic lockdown. Therefore, it is recommended to focus on such intervention to help vulnerable groups during this pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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50. The way into a criminal lifestyle : Risk factors during childhood

Author

Sadr Mousavi, Sara and Benotmane, Noria

Subjects
Socialt arbete, Social Work, Brott, skolan, riskfaktorer, män, identitetssökande, kriminell livsstil
Abstract

Kriminalitet är ett stort och aktuellt samhällsproblem. Av denna anledning har vi valt att undersöka hur unga män som tidigare haft en kriminell livsstil förstår den egna vägen in i brottslighet. Studien har en kvalitativ ansats där vi har inhämtat det empiriska materialet via intervjuer med fyra män som innehar tidigare erfarenhet kring den kriminella livsstilen. Respondenterna delade med sig av sina tidigare livserfarenheter samt anledningen till att de valde den kriminella vägen. För att få kunskap om vägen in i kriminalitet har fokus varit riktat på de riskfaktorer som de intervjupersonerna ansåg ligga till grund för valet av den kriminella livsstilen. De riskfaktorer som framkom var att man växt upp i en splittrad familj, man var under ett identitetssökande och fann sin identitet genom att vara kriminell, man umgicks med personer som hade samma kriminella tankesätt som en själv, man kände svek från skolan, man saknade känslan av tillhörighet och strävade efter att tjäna snabba pengar i stor omfattning. Ytterligare en riskfaktor var att ungdomarna hade en avsaknad av låg självkontroll samt saknade konsekvenstänk. Vi har under studiens gång konstaterat att det inte finns en specifik orsak till varför man väljer den kriminella livsstilen. Det vi däremot kan konstatera är att det finns ett mönster samt olika anledningar till varför man väljer den kriminella livsstilen. Vi har genom vår studie fått ökad kunskap om och skapat oss en djupare förståelse kring anledningen till att man väljer den kriminella vägen.

Published
2019

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