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14 results on '"Mourad Balistrou"'

1. Thermal efficiency improvement of a solar desalination process by parabolic trough collector

Author

Randha Bellatreche, Maamar Ouali, Mourad Balistrou, and Djilali Tassalit

Subjects
cylindrical parabolic collector, parabolic trough collector, solar distillation, solar still, thermal energy storage, Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes, TD201-500, River, lake, and water-supply engineering (General), TC401-506
Abstract

Nexus water/energy security is one of the main global challenges for the future generation. Solar distillation (thermal process) represents a sustainable solution to water shortages and energy crisis in the world especially in the Middle East and North Africa region. The technique is based on a evaporation–condensation process via heat delivery through a cylindrical parabolic collector to a thermal energy storage, in the form of sand integrated into the solar still, to maximize water production efficiencies. It is a technically feasible and operational method. Results suggest that the additional solar collector flux has a direct impact on the increase in average sand and seawater temperature particularly over the period between 12 p.m. and 4 p.m. Seawater temperature increases by >26.6%. The energy stored quantity delivered for the distiller basin grows proportionality with the sand temperature, which is depending directly for the solar collector absorber temperature. The difference between the both temperatures defines a decreasing rate of −19%. The daily water production by the hybrid solar distiller is 6.5 l/day, it represents an increase of +91% compared to the traditional concrete solar still production (3.4 l/day), for the same geometry and meteorological conditions. HIGHLIGHTS Renewable energies integration in the seawater distillation process.; Improvement of the water evaporation phenomenon using a parabolic trough solar concentrator.; Solar still efficiency optimization by the thermal energy storage integration.; New design of the greenhouse still flow control principle, materials.; Proved the efficiency of the hybrid still compared to the concrete still in a Mediterranean climate.;

Published
2021
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2. Pyrolysis Polybutadiene Model Including Self-Heating and Self-Cooling Effects: Kinetic Study via Particle Swarm Optimization

Author

Mohand Tazerout, Mohamed El Amine Kadi, Khaled Loubar, Mourad Balistrou, Naim Akkouche, Université M'Hamed Bougara Boumerdes (UMBB), Département Systèmes Energétiques et Environnement (IMT Atlantique - DSEE), IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN), Valorisation Energie-matière des Résidus et Traitement des Emissions (GEPEA-VERTE), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Thermogravimetric analysis, Environmental Engineering, Materials science, Order of reaction, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, 020209 energy, Thermodynamics, 02 engineering and technology, Kinetic energy, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Polybutadiene, Natural rubber, 010608 biotechnology, visual_art, Thermal, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, visual_art.visual_art_medium, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Waste Management and Disposal, Mass fraction, Pyrolysis, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Thermogravimetric analyses of polybutadiene rubber was carried out under heating rates ranging up to 50 K min−1. A kinetic model, consisting of two parallel reactions is used. The kinetic parameters are estimated using particle swarm optimization method. Independently to the heating rates, the kinetic parameters are respectively 1.24 and 1.18 for reaction orders, 7.15 × 1012 and 8.61 × 1015 s−1 for pre-exponential factors and 182 and 249 kJ mol−1 for activation energies. The dependency of the thermal behaviour to the heating rates is caused by the self-heating and self-cooling effects. Increasing heating rate from 1 to 50 K min−1 causes the increase of the first individual weight fraction, which degrades exothermically, from 8 to 43 wt% at the expense of the second, which degrades endothermically. The generated self-heating raises the sample temperature up to 25 °C above that of the oven.

Published
2018
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3. Experimental study of a low grade heat driven ejector cooling system using the working fluid R245fa

Author

Hakim Nesreddine, Zine Aidoun, Mourad Balistrou, and Malek Hamzaoui

Subjects
Materials science, 020209 energy, Mechanical Engineering, Nozzle, Thermodynamics, Refrigeration, 02 engineering and technology, Building and Construction, Injector, Mechanics, law.invention, Superheating, 020401 chemical engineering, law, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Water cooling, Working fluid, 0204 chemical engineering, Condenser (heat transfer), Evaporator
Abstract

Operation and performance evaluation of an ejector based refrigeration system subjected to external constraints and allowing for components interactions to be accounted for is presented. In this respect and relying on the identified most influential parameters, effects of generator conditions in terms of superheat, pressure and flow rate resulting from the imposed heat source temperature constraints on the condenser and evaporator conditions are shown to affect ejector operation efficiency as well as overall system performance. More particularly, the system is found to have two modes of operation corresponding respectively to ejector double choking (on design) and single choking (off design). In the first mode the system operation is stable with fixed thermal load and constant evaporator temperature. In the second mode, only the primary nozzle is choked, corresponding to less operation stability and variable temperature conditions in the evaporator with fixed thermal load.

Published
2018
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4. Bio-oil recovery from olive mill wastewater in sub-/supercritical alcohol-water system

Author

Gaëtan Burnens, Khaled Loubar, Loubna Hadhoum, Mohand Tazerout, Mourad Balistrou, Département Systèmes Energétiques et Environnement (IMT Atlantique - DSEE), IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Valorisation Energie-matière des Résidus et Traitement des Emissions (GEPEA-VERTE), Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), and Université M'Hamed Bougara Boumerdes (UMBB)

Subjects
Ethanol, 020209 energy, General Chemical Engineering, Organic Chemistry, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Liquefaction, Alcohol, 02 engineering and technology, 6. Clean water, Autoclave, chemistry.chemical_compound, Fuel Technology, 020401 chemical engineering, chemistry, Wastewater, Yield (chemistry), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Methanol, 0204 chemical engineering, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Nuclear chemistry
Abstract

Olive mill wastewater was converted into bio-oil via thermochemical liquefaction with alcohol/water mixtures in an autoclave (998 ml). The influence of operating conditions on the yield of liquefaction products was investigated. Liquefaction experiments were performed at various reaction temperatures in the range of 240–320 °C. Experimental results indicated that alcohol (methanol or ethanol)/water mixtures had synergistic effects on olive mill wastewater direct liquefaction. The ratio 50% (w/w) co-solvent of either ethanol-water or methanol-water and a reaction temperature of 280 °C were found to be the most effective. Under these conditions and for a reaction time of 30 min, the bio-oil yield was 92.31 wt% for ethanol-water and 77.97 wt% for methanol-water. The bio-oil produced with methanol-water mixture has higher energy content (43.20 MJ/kg) compared to the one obtained with ethanol-water mixture (39.21 MJ/kg). In addition, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses showed high esters concentrations and low free fatty acid content in the obtained bio-oils.

Published
2019
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5. Hydrothermal liquefaction of oil mill wastewater for bio-oil production in subcritical conditions

Author

Khaled Loubar, Mohand Tazerout, Mourad Balistrou, Gaëtan Burnens, Loubna Hadhoum, Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)

Subjects
Environmental Engineering, 020209 energy, Bioengineering, 02 engineering and technology, Wastewater, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, law.invention, chemistry.chemical_compound, Hydrolysis, law, Olea, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Organic chemistry, Flame ionization detector, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Biomass, Olive Oil, Waste Management and Disposal, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Fatty acid methyl ester, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Flame Ionization, chemistry.chemical_classification, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Temperature, Water, Fatty acid, General Medicine, 6. Clean water, [SPI.MECA.GEME]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanical engineering [physics.class-ph], Refuse Disposal, Oleic acid, Hydrothermal liquefaction, chemistry, Biofuels, Heat of combustion, Nuclear chemistry
Abstract

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the direct hydrothermal liquefaction of oil mill wastewater (OMWW). Experiments were carried out at different temperatures (240-300°C), water contents (58-88wt.%) and reaction times (15-45min). Results show that the highest bio-oil yield was about 58wt.%, resulting in a higher heating value of 38MJ/kg. This was conducted at the following optimal conditions: water content 88wt.%, a temperature of 280°C, and 30min as reaction time. To put bio-oil into wide application, the various physical and chemical characteristics were determined. A detailed chemical composition analysis of bio-oil was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) coupled with a flame ionization detector (FID). The dominant compounds were identified by using NIST library. Analyses show that the bio-oil contains mainly oleic acid, hexadecanoic acid, fatty acid methyl ester, fatty acid ethyl ester, amino acid derived compounds and phenolic compounds.

Published
2016
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7. Performance, combustion and exhaust emissions characteristics investigation using Citrullus colocynthis L. biodiesel in DI diesel engine

Author

Mohand Tazerout, Mourad Balistrou, Khaled Loubar, R. Alloune, Sary Awad, Systèmes énergétiques et environnement ( DSEE ), IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire ( IMT Atlantique ), Valorisation Energie-matière des Résidus et Traitement des Emissions ( GEPEA-VERTE ), Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire ( GEPEA ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Nantes ( UN ) -IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire ( IMT Atlantique ) -Université Bretagne Loire ( UBL ) -Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique ( ONIRIS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Nantes ( UN ) -IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire ( IMT Atlantique ) -Université Bretagne Loire ( UBL ) -Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique ( ONIRIS ), Centre de Développement des Energies Renouvelables ( CDER ), Ministère de l'Éducation nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche ( M.E.N.E.S.R. ), Université M'Hamed Bougara Boumerdes, Centre de Développement des Energies Renouvelables (CDER), Ministère de l'Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche Scientifique [Algérie] (MESRS), Université M'Hamed Bougara Boumerdes (UMBB), Valorisation Energie-matière des Résidus et Traitement des Emissions (GEPEA-VERTE), Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), Département Systèmes Energétiques et Environnement (IMT Atlantique - DSEE), IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), and Université de Nantes (UN)

Subjects
[ SPI.MECA.GEME ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanical engineering [physics.class-ph], Diesel exhaust, Performance, 020209 energy, Winter diesel fuel, Combustion, 02 engineering and technology, Diesel engine, 7. Clean energy, Brake specific fuel consumption, Diesel fuel, Carbureted compression ignition model engine, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, 0601 history and archaeology, Exhaust gas recirculation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 060102 archaeology, Waste management, business.industry, [ SPI.GPROC ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, 06 humanities and the arts, Internal combustion engine, Emissions, 13. Climate action, Environmental science, Citrullus colocynthis L, Biodiesel, business
Abstract

International audience; The aims of this study is to investigate the performance, combustion and exhaust emissions of a singlecylinder,air cooled, direct injection (DI), compression ignition engine using biodiesel from non-ediblefeedstock. In this work, biodiesel (B100) used to lead this investigation is Citrullus colocynthis L.methyl ester (CCME) and its blends B30 with diesel fuel. The biodiesel is produced via alkaline-catalyzedtransesterification process using methanol (6:1 M ratio), 1% of sodium hydroxide at the reaction temperatureof 60 C for 1 h. The important physical and chemical properties of CCME are close to those ofdiesel fuel. Fuels (diesel fuel, B100 and B30) were tested on a DI diesel engine at 1500 rpm for variouspower outputs. The results indicated that B100 and B30 exhibit the same combustion characteristics compared to diesel fuel. However, B100 and B30 display earlier start of combustion. At lower engine loads, the peaks of cylinder pressure and heat release rate (HRR) were higher for B30 than B100 and diesel fuel during premixed combustion period. At higher engine loads the peaks of cylinder pressure was higher for B100 than B30 and diesel fuel, but the HRR during diffusion combustion is more considerable than diesel fuel. The brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) was higher for B100 than diesel fuel at all engine loads while B30 exhibited comparable trends. The thermal efficiency is slightly higher for B100 than B30 and diesel fuel at low loads and increase for B30 at full loads. B30 and B100 provided a higher reduction of hydrocarbons emissions up to 50% for B100. Nitrogen oxides and particulate matter emissions were also reduced.

Published
2017
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8. Heating rate effects on pyrolytic vapors from scrap truck tires

Author

N. Akkouche, Sary Awad, Mohand Tazerout, Khaled Loubar, Mourad Balistrou, Valorisation Energie-matière des Résidus et Traitement des Emissions ( GEPEA-VERTE ), Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire ( GEPEA ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Nantes ( UN ) -IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire ( IMT Atlantique ) -Université Bretagne Loire ( UBL ) -Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique ( ONIRIS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Nantes ( UN ) -IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire ( IMT Atlantique ) -Université Bretagne Loire ( UBL ) -Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique ( ONIRIS ), Systèmes énergétiques et environnement ( DSEE ), IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire ( IMT Atlantique ), Université M'Hamed Bougara Boumerdes, Mines Nantes ( Mines Nantes ), Valorisation Energie-matière des Résidus et Traitement des Emissions (GEPEA-VERTE), Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN), Département Systèmes Energétiques et Environnement (IMT Atlantique - DSEE), IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Université M'Hamed Bougara Boumerdes (UMBB), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)

Subjects
[ SPI.MECA.GEME ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanical engineering [physics.class-ph], Materials science, Waste management, 020209 energy, Analytical chemistry, Scrap, [ SPI.GPROC ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Raw material, 7. Clean energy, Analytical Chemistry, [SPI.MECA.GEME]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanical engineering [physics.class-ph], Cracking, Fuel Technology, 020401 chemical engineering, 13. Climate action, Yield (chemistry), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Heat of combustion, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Pyrolytic carbon, Char, 0204 chemical engineering, Pyrolysis, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Powder of scrap truck tire was pyrolysed in a fixed bed reactor equipped with a water-cooled liquid recovery system and a gas sampling valve. A sampling system was set up and the quantitative and qualitative analyses of pyrolytic vapors were performed for heating rates (HR) ranging from 5 to 25 °C min −1 . HR which practically has no influence on the quality and yield of char (38 wt%), has a significant effect on the pyrolytic vapors, especially on the cracking reactions of heavy vapors. By increasing HR from 5 to 25 °C min −1 , the gas yield increases from 7.24 to 18.04 wt% at the expense of oil yield. The high heating rates favor production of CH 4 and disadvantage production of C 4 H 8 . In addition, heating rates between 10 and 15 °C min −1 minimize the H 2 , CO and CO 2 concentrations and maximize the C 2 H 6 , C 3 H 6 , C 4 H 6 and H 2 S concentrations. Its lower heating value is between 47 and 56 MJ Nm −3 . As regards the produced oils, they consist mainly of aromatic products whose higher heating value is about 40 MJ kg −1 . Regardless of heating rates, around 97.15% of the energy contained in raw material (tire) is found in the three pyrolysis products. The sulfured organic compounds appear in forms of C 7 H 5 NS, C 15 H 16 O 3 S and C 16 H 14 O 2 N 2 S.

Published
2017
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9. Towards improvement of natural gas-diesel dual fuel mode: An experimental investigation on performance and exhaust emissions

Author

Lyes Tarabet, Khaled Loubar, Mohand Said Lounici, Dan-Catalin Niculescu, Mohand Tazerout, Mourad Balistrou, Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)

Subjects
Diesel engine, Engineering, Diesel exhaust, Combustion, 7. Clean energy, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Automotive engineering, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Diesel fuel, Brake specific fuel consumption, Dual fuel, Pollutant emissions, Exhaust gas recirculation, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Civil and Structural Engineering, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Homogeneous charge compression ignition, Building and Construction, Diesel cycle, Natural gas, Pollution, General Energy, Internal combustion engine, 13. Climate action, business
Abstract

International audience; Abstract The use of natural gas in compression ignition engines as supplement to liquid diesel in a dual fuel combustion mode is a promising technique. In this study, the effect of \DF\ (dual fuel) operating mode on combustion characteristics, engine performances and pollutants emissions of an existing diesel engine using natural gas as primary fuel and neat diesel as pilot fuel, has been examined. At moderate and relatively high loads, the results show very interesting behavior of dual fuel operating mode in comparison to conventional diesel, both for engine performance and emissions. It showed a simultaneous reduction of soot and \NOx\ species over a large engine operating area. Moreover, it showed the possibility to obtain lower \BSFC\ (brake specific fuel consumption) than conventional diesel engine. However, this mode presents some deficits at low loads, especially concerning unburned hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide emissions. Understanding those deficiencies is a key of such engines improvement. Some suggestions for new measures towards \DF\ mode improvement are deduced.

Published
2014
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13. Étude des phénomènes de transferts thermiques dans les stérilisateurs à vapeur

Author

Bernard Desmet, Mourad Balistrou, and Souad Harmand

Subjects
General Chemical Engineering, Heat transfer, Environmental engineering, Environmental science, Steam sterilization, Hospital hygiene
Abstract

Study of heat transfer phenomena in a vapor sterilizer . Steam sterilization occupies a preferential place in the hospital hygiene. Hospital infection designates any sickness contracted in a hospital, allocated to microorganisms which affected sick people or hospital staff. The research work aims at studying heat transfer phenomena in a vapor sterilizer. The interactions between the different modes of heat transfer confer great complexity to this problem. The development of calculation method, zonal method , allowed to predict the field of temperature and heat transfer to optimise vapor sterilizers. This work presents the results of experiments carried out on a cycle of instrument sterilization. The main motivations of this study are the droplets of water which remain pasted to the load at the end of the drying process.

Published
1996
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14. Investigation on heat transfer evaluation for a more efficient two-zone combustion model in the case of natural gas SI engines

Author

Khaled Loubar, Mourad Balistrou, Mohand Tazerout, and Mohand Said Lounici

Subjects
Engineering, 020209 energy, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Thermodynamics, 02 engineering and technology, Combustion, 7. Clean energy, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, 020401 chemical engineering, Natural gas, Heat exchanger, Heat transfer, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 0204 chemical engineering, business.industry, Mechanics, SI engines, Two-zone model, [SPI.MECA.THER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Thermics [physics.class-ph], [PHYS.MECA.THER]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Thermics [physics.class-ph], Gas engine, Current (fluid), Literature survey, business, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

International audience; Two-zone model is one of the most interesting engine simulation tools, especially for SI engines. However, the pertinence of the simulation depends on the accuracy of the heat transfer model. In fact, an important part of the fuel energy is transformed to heat loss from the chamber walls. Also, knock appearance is closely related to heat exchange. However, in the previous studies using two-zone models, many choices are made for heat transfer evaluation and no choice influence study has been carried out, in the literature. The current study aims to investigate the effect of the choice of both the heat transfer correlation and burned zone heat transfer area calculation method and provide an optimized choice for a more efficient two-zone thermodynamic model, in the case of natural gas SI engines. For this purpose, a computer simulation is developed. Experimental measurements are carried out for comparison and validation. The effect of correlation choice has been first studied. The most known correlations have been tested and compared. Our experimental pressure results, supported for more general and reliable conclusions, by a literature survey of many other studies, based on measured heat transfer rates for several SI engines, are used for correlation selection. It is found that Hohenberg's correlation is the best choice. However, the influence of the burned zone heat transfer area calculation method is negligible.

Published
2010
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