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1. A direct measurement of the 17O(a,g)21Ne reaction in inverse kinematics and its impact on heavy element production

Author

Taggart, M. P., Akers, C., Laird, A. M., Hager, U., Ruiz, C., Hutcheon, D. A., Bentley, M. A., Brown, J. R., Buchmann, L., Chen, A. A., Chen, J., Chipps, K. A., Choplin, A., D'Auria, J. M., Davids, B., Davis, C., Diget, C. Aa., Erikson, L., Fallis, J., Fox, S. P., Frischknecht, U., Fulton, B. R., Galinski, N., Greife, U., Hirschi, R., Howell, D., Martin, L., Mountford, D., Murphy, A. St. J., Ottewell, D., Pignatari, M., Reeve, S., Ruprecht, G., Sjue, S., Veloce, L., and Williams, M.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

During the slow neutron capture process in massive stars, reactions on light elements can both produce and absorb neutrons thereby influencing the final heavy element abundances. At low metallicities, the high neutron capture rate of 16-O can inhibit s-process nucleosynthesis unless the neutrons are recycled via the 17O(a,n)20Ne reaction. The efficiency of this neutron recycling is determined by competition between the 17O(a,n)20Ne and 17O(a,g)21Ne reactions. While some experimental data are available on the former reaction, no data exist for the radiative capture channel at the relevant astrophysical energies. The 17O(a,g)21Ne reaction has been studied directly using the DRAGON recoil separator at the TRIUMF Laboratory. The reaction cross section has been determined at energies between 0.6 and 1.6 MeV Ecm, reaching into the Gamow window for core helium burning for the first time. Resonance strengths for resonances at 0.63, 0.721, 0.81 and 1.122 MeV Ecm have been extracted. The experimentally based reaction rate calculated represents a lower limit, but suggests that significant s-process nucleosynthesis occurs in low metallicity massive stars., Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures

Published
2019
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2. Is \gamma-ray emission from novae affected by interference effects in the 18F(p,\alpha)15O reaction?

Author

Laird, A. M., Parikh, A., Murphy, A. St. J., Wimmer, K., Chen, A. A., Deibel, C. M., Faestermann, T., Fox, S. P., Fulton, B. R., Hertenberger, R., Irvine, D., José, J., Longland, R., Mountford, D., Sambrook, B., Seiler, D., and Wirth, H. -F.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The 18F(p,\alpha)15O reaction rate is crucial for constraining model predictions of the \gamma-ray observable radioisotope 18F produced in novae. The determination of this rate is challenging due to particular features of the level scheme of the compound nucleus, 19Ne, which result in interference effects potentially playing a significant role. The dominant uncertainty in this rate arises from interference between J\pi=3/2+ states near the proton threshold (Sp = 6.411 MeV) and a broad J\pi=3/2+ state at 665 keV above threshold. This unknown interference term results in up to a factor of 40 uncertainty in the astrophysical S-factor at nova temperatures. Here we report a new measurement of states in this energy region using the 19F(3He,t)19Ne reaction. In stark contrast with previous assumptions we find at least 3 resonances between the proton threshold and Ecm=50 keV, all with different angular distributions. None of these are consistent with J\pi= 3/2+ angular distributions. We find that the main uncertainty now arises from the unknown proton-width of the 48 keV resonance, not from possible interference effects. Hydrodynamic nova model calculations performed indicate that this unknown width affects 18F production by at least a factor of two in the model considered., Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett

Published
2012
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3. Resonances in 19Ne with relevance to the astrophysically important 18F(p,{\alpha})15O reaction

Author

Mountford, D. J., Murphy, A. St J., Achouri, N. L., Angulo, C., Brown, J. R., Davinson, T., Santos, F. de Oliveira, de Séréville, N., Descouvemont, P., Kamalou, O., Laird, A. M., Pittman, S. T., Ujic, P., and Woods, P. J.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Nuclear Theory
Abstract

The most intense gamma-ray line observable from novae is likely to be from positron annihilation associated with the decay of 18F. The uncertainty in the destruction rate of this nucleus through the 18F(p,{\alpha})15O reaction presents a limit to interpretation of any future observed gamma-ray flux. Direct measurements of the cross section of both this reaction and the 18F(p,p)18F reaction have been performed between center of mass energies of 0.5 and 1.9 MeV. Simultaneous fits to both data sets with the R-Matrix formalism reveal several resonances, with the inferred parameters of populated states in 19Ne in general agreement with previous measurements. Of particular interest, extra strength has been observed above ECM \sim1.3 MeV in the 18F(p,p)18F reaction and between 1.3-1.7 MeV in the 18F(p,{\alpha})15O reaction. This is well described by a broad 1/2+ state, consistent with both a recent theoretical prediction and an inelastic scattering measurement. The astrophysical implications of a broad sub-threshold partner to this state are discussed., Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables

Published
2011
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4. SFCOMPO-2.0: An OECD NEA database of spent nuclear fuel isotopic assays, reactor design specifications, and operating data

Author

Michel-Sendis, F., Gauld, I., Martinez, J.S., Alejano, C., Bossant, M., Boulanger, D., Cabellos, O., Chrapciak, V., Conde, J., Fast, I., Gren, M., Govers, K., Gysemans, M., Hannstein, V., Havlůj, F., Hennebach, M., Hordosy, G., Ilas, G., Kilger, R., Mills, R., Mountford, D., Ortego, P., Radulescu, G., Rahimi, M., Ranta-Aho, A., Rantamäki, K., Ruprecht, B., Soppera, N., Stuke, M., Suyama, K., Tittelbach, S., Tore, C., Winckel, S. Van, Vasiliev, A., Watanabe, T., Yamamoto, Toru, and Yamamoto, Toshihisa

Published
2017
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5. Radiative Capture on Nuclear Isomers: Direct Measurement of the Al26m(p,γ)Si27 Reaction

Author

Lotay, G., primary, Lennarz, A., additional, Ruiz, C., additional, Akers, C., additional, Chen, A. A., additional, Christian, G., additional, Connolly, D., additional, Davids, B., additional, Davinson, T., additional, Fallis, J., additional, Hutcheon, D. A., additional, Machule, P., additional, Martin, L., additional, Mountford, D. J., additional, and Murphy, A. St. J., additional

Published
2022
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7. Outcomes of obstructed abdominal wall hernia: results from the UK national small bowel obstruction audit

Author

Lee, MJ, Drake, TM, Sayers, AE, Walsh, CJ, Davies, MM, Fearnhead, NS, Abercrombie, J, Acheson, A, Alderson, D, Anderson, I, Bach, S, Davies, M, Hamady, Z, Hind, D, Hollyman, M, Hare, S, Lee, E, Northover, J, Lewis, C, Marriott, P, Maynard, N, Murray, D, Tierney, G, Verjee, A, Wild, J, Abbott, S, Abdulaal, Y, Afshar, S, Ah‐Chuen, J, Ahmed, T, Akhtar, M, Akram, F, Aldred, E, Ali, A, Aly, M, Amajuoyi, A, Amin, V, Anderson, D, Anderson, O, Andreou, A, Ansari, A, Appleton, S, Ardley, R, Arshad, F, Ashour, O, Asour, A, Athem, A, Athersmith, M, Ayoub, F, Azeem, H, Azhar, B, Badenoch, T, Baillie, C, Bandyopadhyay, D, Barker, J, Barker, S, Barkham, B, Baron, R, Barrie, J, Barry‐Yarrow, E, Bashir, G, Battersby, N, Bazoua, G, Behar, N, Bellam, S, Berger, C, Bhandari, S, Bhasin, S, Biggs, S, Bisset, C, Blake, L, Blencowe, N, Boam, T, Boddy, A, Boereboom, C, Bogdan, M, Bogle, R, Bohra, P, Boland, M, Bolkan, H, Borg, C, Boulton, R, Bouras, G, Boyer, M, Boyle, J, Branagan, G, Brewer, H, Briggs, C, Broadhurst, J, Brown, E, Brown, J, Brown, L, Brown, O, Burns, K, Butcher, K, Butler, M, Byrne, B, Campbell, L, Capper, C, Cartmell, M, Cash, T, Chan, S, Chandratreya, N, Chapman, J, Chapman, S, Charalabopoulos, A, Cheek, C, Chok, S, Choong, W, Chow, M, Chowdhury, J, Coe, P, Conaghan, P, Conn, G, Cook, N, Cook, T, Cooper, S, Cornish, J, Cotton, D, Cox, C, Coyne, P, Crook, R, Crozier, J, Cuffolo, G, Cunha, P, Curtis, N, Cutting, J, Da Costa, K, Silva, L, Das, B, Davenport, M, Davies, J, Davies, T, Day, A, Dayal, S, Dean, S, Demetriou, G, Dengu, F, Dennis, R, Dent, H, Dent, P, Deputy, M, Devoto, L, Di Benedetto, G, Dindyal, S, Donnelly, E, Doody, P, Douka, E, Downham, C, Dowson, H, Edent, H, Edgerton, K, Ekpete, N, El Farran, M, Elamin, O, Eljaafari, M, Elsaid, N, El‐Sharif, M, Evans, J, Evans, M, Ewe, R, Ewing, A, Exarchou, K, Fallaize, R, Faoury, M, Farag, S, Farinella, E, Faulkner, G, Ferguson, H, Fisher, O, Fletcher, J, Forouzanfar, A, Foster, A, Fox, R, Francis, N, Fretwell, V, Fung, D, Gammeri, E, Garnham, J, Geraghty, A, Gilbert, A, Gill, C, Gill, M, Gillespie, M, Giordano, P, Glasbey, J, Goh, M, Golder, A, Green, N, Gregoir, T, Grey, T, Groundwater, E, Grove, T, Growcott, S, Gunasekaran, S, Habib, H, Haddow, J, Halahakoon, V, Halkias, C, Hall, C, Hampson, A, Hancock, L, Hanna, T, Hannay, J, Harikrishnan, A, Harries, R, Harris, G, Hartley, J, Harvey, K, Hawkin, P, Hawkins, J, Healy, R, Heard, R, Heartshorne, R, Heller, S, Hendra, L, Herrod, P, Heywood, N, Hicks, G, Hobson, B, Holtham, S, Hope, C, Hopley, P, Hossain, T, Hossaini, S, Howse, F, Hubbard, T, Humphreys, A, Ikram, H, Ioannis, M, Iqbal, M, Iqbal, N, Jain, R, Jatania, J, Jenkinson, P, Jokhan, S, Jones, A, Jones, C, Jones, L, Joshi, H, Joshi, K, Joy, M, Jull, P, Kakaniaris, G, Kallam, R, Kane, E, Kang, P, Kanitkar, R, Kauser, S, Kazmi, F, Kedrzycki, M, Kelly, S, Kendall, J, Khan, M, Khan, T, King, G, Kisiel, A, Kitsis, C, Kolawole, I, Korambayil, S, Kosasih, S, Kosti, A, Kotb, A, Kouris, S, Kshatriya, K, Kumar, S, Lafaurie, G, Lal, R, Lau, A, Lazim, T, Lazzaro, A, Lee, K, Lefroy, R, Leinhardt, D, Lennon, H, Leong, K, Levy, B, Lim, E, Lim, J, Lindley, S, Liu, D, Lloyd, P, Locker, D, Lockwood, S, Lowe, C, Lund, J, Lunevicius, R, Lunt, A, Lutfi, S, Luther, A, Luwemba, S, Mahankali‐Rao, P, Mahroof, S, Mai, D, Majid, S, Malik, A, Malik, K, Mann, K, Mansour, S, Manu, N, Mapara, R, Martin, C, Martin, J, Martin, R, Mason, C, Massey, L, Mathias, J, Mathur, P, Maude, K, McArthur, D, McCain, S, McCluney, S, McFall, M, McIlroy, B, McKay, S, McKinley, N, McNair, A, McWhirter, D, Mekhail, P, Mellor, K, Merchant, J, Merker, L, Messenger, D, Miles, A, Mir, S, Mishra, A, Mistry, P, Miu, V, Moat, M, Mockford, K, Mohamed, E, Mohamed, I, Mondragon‐Pritchard, M, Moore, N, Moretti, L, Morris, H, Morrison, T, Morrison‐Jones, V, Moss, J, Moug, S, Mountford, D, Moynihan, R, Muhammad, K, Muldoon‐Smith, D, Mulholland, J, Mullan, M, Murgitroyd, E, Murugaiyan, K, Myers, A, Mykoniatis, I, Nana, G, Nash, T, Nassar, A, Newton, R, Ng, C, Ng, P, Nguyen, K, Nicholas, F, Noor, M, Nowers, J, Nugent, C, Nunn, A, Nunn, R, Obeid, N, O'Callaghan, J, O'Hara, R, Oke, O, Olivier, J, O'Neill, A, O'Neill, S, Osei‐Bordom, D, Osgood, L, Panagiotopoulos, S, Panchasara, B, Parks, R, Patel, H, Patel, P, Patel, R, Patel, S, Pawelec, K, Payne, C, Pearson, K, Perin, G, Peristerakis, I, Petronio, B, Phelan, L, Phillips, J, Pisaneschi, C, Pitt, J, Plunkett‐Reed, K, Ponchietti, L, Pouzi, A, Pouzi, M, Powell, A, Powell‐Chandler, A, Pranesh, N, Proctor, V, Pywell, S, Qureshi, A, Qureshi, N, Rahman, M, Rai, Z, Ramcharan, S, Rangarajan, K, Rashid, M, Reader, H, Rehman, A, Rehman, S, Rengifo, C, Richards, E, Richardson, N, Robinson, A, Robinson, D, Rossi, B, Rutherford, F, Sadien, I, Saghir, T, Sahnan, K, Salahia, G, Sarveswaran, J, Saunders, M, Scott, B, Scott, K, Seager, A, Seal, S, Sezen, E, Shaban, F, Shah, P, Shahmohammadi, M, Shamsiddinova, A, Shankar, S, Sharpe, A, Shatkar, V, Sheel, A, Shields, T, Shinkwin, M, Shurmer, J, Siddika, A, Siddiqui, S, Simson, R, Sinclair, P, Singh, B, Singh, S, Sivaraj, J, Skaife, P, Skelly, B, Skinner, A, Slim, N, Smart, C, Smart, N, Smith, F, Smith, I, Smith, R, Spence, G, Sreedhar, A, Steinke, J, Stevenson, L, Stewart‐Parker, E, Stott, M, Stubbs, B, Stylianides, N, Subramonia, S, Swinkin, M, Swinscoe, M, Symons, N, Tahir, W, Taj, T, Takacs, K, Tam, J, Tan, K, Tani, S, Tanner, N, Tao, D, Taylor, M, Thava, B, Thippeswamy, K, Thomas, C, Thompson, E, Thompson, R, Thompson‐Reil, C, Thorn, C, Tongo, F, Toth, G, Turnbull, A, Turnbull, J, Valero, C, Boxel, G, Varcada, M, Venn, M, Ventham, N, Venza, M, Vimalachandran, D, Virlos, I, Wade, T, Wafi, A, Waite, K, Walker, M, Walker, N, Walker, T, Walsh, U, Wardle, S, Warner, R, Watfah, J, Watson, N, Watt, J, Watts, J, Wayman, J, Weegenaar, C, West, H, West, M, Whitehurst, L, Whyler, M, Wiggans, M, Wijeyekoon, S, Williams, G, Williams, R, Williamson, A, Williamson, J, Wilson, J, Winter, A, Wolpert, L, Wong, J, Yeap, E, Yeong, T, Zaman, S, Zappa, B, and Zosimas, D

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, National Audit of Small Bowel Obstruction Steering Group and National Audit of Small Bowel Obstruction Collaborators, Incisional hernia, lcsh:Surgery, 030230 surgery, Abdominal wall, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Postoperative Complications, NASBO Collaborators, medicine, Humans, Hernia, Hospital Mortality, General, Emergency Treatment, Aged, Proportional Hazards Models, Aged, 80 and over, Groin, business.industry, Mortality rate, Hazard ratio, West Midlands Research Collaborative, General Medicine, Odds ratio, Original Articles, lcsh:RD1-811, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Quality Improvement, United Kingdom, Surgery, Hernia, Abdominal, Bowel obstruction, medicine.anatomical_structure, Logistic Models, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Original Article, Female, business, NASBO Steering Group, Intestinal Obstruction
Abstract

Background Abdominal wall hernia is a common surgical condition. Patients may present in an emergency with bowel obstruction, incarceration or strangulation. Small bowel obstruction (SBO) is a serious surgical condition associated with significant morbidity. The aim of this study was to describe current management and outcomes of patients with obstructed hernia in the UK as identified in the National Audit of Small Bowel Obstruction (NASBO). Methods NASBO collated data on adults treated for SBO at 131 UK hospitals between January and March 2017. Those with obstruction due to abdominal wall hernia were included in this study. Demographics, co‐morbidity, imaging, operative treatment, and in‐hospital outcomes were recorded. Modelling for factors associated with mortality and complications was undertaken using Cox proportional hazards and multivariable regression modelling. Results NASBO included 2341 patients, of whom 415 (17·7 per cent) had SBO due to hernia. Surgery was performed in 312 (75·2 per cent) of the 415 patients; small bowel resection was required in 198 (63·5 per cent) of these operations. Non‐operative management was reported in 35 (54 per cent) of 65 patients with a parastomal hernia and in 34 (32·1 per cent) of 106 patients with an incisional hernia. The in‐hospital mortality rate was 9·4 per cent (39 of 415), and was highest in patients with a groin hernia (11·1 per cent, 17 of 153). Complications were common, including lower respiratory tract infection in 16·3 per cent of patients with a groin hernia. Increased age was associated with an increased risk of death (hazard ratio 1·05, 95 per cent c.i. 1·01 to 1·10; P = 0·009) and complications (odds ratio 1·05, 95 per cent c.i. 1·02 to 1·09; P = 0·001). Conclusion NASBO has highlighted poor outcomes for patients with SBO due to hernia, highlighting the need for quality improvement initiatives in this group., This study shows that small bowel obstruction due to abdominal wall hernia is common, typically involves a co‐morbid group of patients and has poor outcomes, including high mortality rates. High mortality from this problem

Published
2020

9. A direct measurement of the 17O(α,γ)21Ne reaction in inverse kinematics and its impact on heavy element production

Author

Taggart, Matthew Paul, Akers, C., Laird, Alison Monica, Hager, U, Ruiz, C, Hutcheon, D, Bentley, Michael Anthony, Brown, James Robert, Buchmann, L, Chen, Jie, Chipps, Kelly Anne, Choplin, A., D'Auria, J.M., Davids, B, Davis, C, Diget, Christian Aaen, Erikson, L., Fallis, J., Fox, Simon Paul, Frischknecht, U., Fulton, Brian Robert, Galinski, N., Greife, U, Hirschi, R., Howell, D., Martin, L., Mountford, D. J., Murphy, A, Ottewell, D., Pignatari, M., Reeve, Scott, Ruprecht, G, Sjue, S. K. L., Veloce, L., and Williams, M.

Published
2019

10. A direct measurement of the O( , ) Ne reaction in inverse kinematics and its impact on heavy element production

Author

Taggart, M.P., Akers, C., Laird, A.M., Hager, U., Ruiz, C., Hutcheon, D.A., Bentley, M.A., Brown, J.R., Buchmann, L., Chen, A.A., Chen, J., Chipps, K.A., Choplin, A., D'Auria, J.M., Davids, B., Davis, C., Diget, C.Aa., Erikson, L., Fallis, J., Fox, S.P., Frischknecht, U., Fulton, B.R., Galinski, N., Greife, U., Hirschi, R., Howell, D., Martin, L., Mountford, D., Murphy, A.St.J., Ottewell, D., Pignatari, M., Reeve, S., Ruprecht, G., Sjue, S., Veloce, L., and Williams, M.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, Computer Science::Digital Libraries
Abstract

During the slow neutron capture process in massive stars, reactions on light elements can both produce and absorb neutrons thereby influencing the final heavy element abundances. At low metallicities, the high neutron capture rate of $^{16}$O can inhibit s-process nucleosynthesis unless the neutrons are recycled via the $^{17}$O(α,n)$^{20}$Ne reaction. The efficiency of this neutron recycling is determined by competition between the $^{17}$O(α,n)$^{20}$Ne and $^{17}$O(α,γ)$^{21}$Ne reactions. While some experimental data are available on the former reaction, no data exist for the radiative capture channel at the relevant astrophysical energies.The $^{17}$O(α,γ)$^{21}$Ne reaction has been studied directly using the DRAGON recoil separator at the TRIUMF Laboratory. The reaction cross section has been determined at energies between 0.6 and 1.6 MeV Ecm, reaching into the Gamow window for core helium burning for the first time. Resonance strengths for resonances at 0.63, 0.721, 0.81 and 1.122 MeV Ecm have been extracted. The experimentally based reaction rate calculated represents a lower limit, but suggests that significant s-process nucleosynthesis occurs in low metallicity massive stars.

Published
2019

11. A direct measurement of the ¹⁷O(α,γ)²¹Ne reaction in inverse kinematics and its impact on heavy element production

Author

Taggart, M.P., Akers, C., Laird, A.M., Hager, U., Ruiz, C., Hutcheon, D.A., Bentley, M.A., Brown, J.R., Buchmann, L., Chen, A.A., Chen, J., Chipps, K.A., Choplin, A., D'Auria, J.M., Davids, B., Davis, C., Diget, C.Aa., Erikson, L., Fallis, J., Fox, S.P., Frischknecht, U., Fulton, B.R., Galinski, N., Greife, U., Hirschi, R., Howell, D., Martin, L., Mountford, D., Murphy, A.St.J., Ottewell, D., Pignatari, M., Reeve, S., Ruprecht, G., Sjue, S., Veloce, L., and Williams, M.

Abstract

During the slow neutron capture process in massive stars, reactions on light elements can both produce and absorb neutrons thereby influencing the final heavy element abundances. At low metallicities, the high neutron capture rate of 16O can inhibit s-process nucleosynthesis unless the neutrons are recycled via the ¹⁷O(α,n)²⁰Ne reaction. The efficiency of this neutron recycling is determined by competition between the ¹⁷O(α,n)²⁰Ne and ¹⁷O(α,γ)²¹Ne reactions. While some experimental data are available on the former reaction, no data exist for the radiative capture channel at the relevant astrophysical energies. The ¹⁷O(α,n)²⁰Ne reaction has been studied directly using the DRAGON recoil separator at the TRIUMF Laboratory. The reaction cross section has been determined at energies between 0.6 and 1.6 MeV , reaching into the Gamow window for core helium burning for the first time. Resonance strengths for resonances at 0.63, 0.721, 0.81 and 1.122 MeV have been extracted. The experimentally based reaction rate calculated represents a lower limit, but suggests that significant s-process nucleosynthesis occurs in low metallicity massive stars.

Published
2019

12. National prospective cohort study of the burden of acute small bowel obstruction

Author

Lee, M. J., Sayers, A. E., Drake, T. M., Marriott, P. J., Anderson, I. D., Bach, S. P., Bradburn, M., Hind, D., Verjee, A., Fearnhead, N. S., Abercrombie, John, Acheson, Austin, Alderson, Derek, Anderson, Iain, Davies, Michael, Hamady, Zaed, Hollyman, Marianne, Hare, Sarah, Lee, Ellen, Northover, John, Lewis, Christopher, McFall, Malcolm, Murugananthan, Aravinth, Murray, David, Singh, Pritam, Tierney, Gillian, Walsh, Ciaran, Wild, Jonathan, Wilson, Timothy, Abbott, S, Abdulaal, Y, Afshar, S, Ah‐Chuen, J, Ahmed, T, Akhtar, M, Akram, F, Aldred, E, Ali, A, Aly, M, Amajuoyi, A, Amin, V, Anderson, D, Anderson, O, Andreou, A, Ansari, A, Appleton, S, Ardley, R, Arshad, F, Ashour, O, Asour, A, Athem, A, Athersmith, M, Ayoub, F, Azeem, H, Azhar, B, Badenoch, T, Baillie, C, Bandyopadhyay, D, Barker, J, Barker, S, Barkham, B, Baron, R, Barrie, J, Barry‐Yarrow, E, Bashir, G, Battersby, N, Bazoua, G, Behar, N, Bellam, S, Berger, C, Bhandari, S, Bhasin, S, Biggs, S, Bisset, C, Blake, L, Blencowe, N, Boam, T, Boddy, A, Boereboom, C, Bogdan, M, Bogle, R, Bohra, P, Boland, M, Bolkan, H, Borg, C, Boulton, R, Bouras, G, Boyer, M, Boyle, J, Branagan, G, Brewer, H, Briggs, C, Broadhurst, J, Brown, E, Brown, J, Brown, L, Brown, O, Burns, K, Butcher, K, Butler, M, Byrne, B, Campbell, L, Capper, C, Cartmell, M, Cash, T, Chan, S, Chandratreya, N, Chapman, J, Chapman, S, Charalabopoulos, A, Cheek, C, Chok, S, Choong, W, Chow, M, Chowdhury, J, Coe, P, Conaghan, P, Conn, G, Cook, N, Cook, T, Cooper, S, Cornish, J, Cotton, D, Cox, C, Coyne, P, Crook, R, Crozier, J, Cuffolo, G, Cunha, P, Curtis, N, Cutting, J, Da Costa, K, Silva, L, Das, B, Davenport, M, Davies, J, Davies, T, Day, A, Dayal, S, Dean, S, Demetriou, G, Dengu, F, Dennis, R, Dent, H, Dent, P, Deputy, M, Devoto, L, Di Benedetto, G, Dindyal, S, Donnelly, E, Doody, P, Douka, E, Downham, C, Dowson, H, Edent, H, Edgerton, K, Ekpete, N, El Farran, M, Elamin, O, Eljaafari, M, Elsaid, N, El‐Sharif, M, Evans, J, Evans, M, Ewe, R, Ewing, A, Exarchou, K, Fallaize, R, Faoury, M, Farag, S, Farinella, E, Faulkner, G, Ferguson, H, Fisher, O, Fletcher, J, Forouzanfar, A, Foster, A, Fox, R, Francis, N, Fretwell, V, Fung, D, Gammeri, E, Garnham, J, Geraghty, A, Gilbert, A, Gill, C, Gill, M, Gillespie, M, Giordano, P, Glasbey, J, Goh, M, Golder, A, Green, N, Gregoir, T, Grey, T, Groundwater, E, Grove, T, Growcott, S, Gunasekaran, S, Habib, H, Haddow, J, Halahakoon, V, Halkias, C, Hall, C, Hampson, A, Hancock, L, Hanna, T, Hannay, J, Harikrishnan, A, Harries, R, Harris, G, Hartley, J, Harvey, K, Hawkin, P, Hawkins, J, Healy, R, Heard, R, Heartshorne, R, Heller, S, Hendra, L, Herrod, P, Heywood, N, Hicks, G, Hobson, B, Holtham, S, Hope, C, Hopley, P, Hossain, T, Hossaini, S, Howse, F, Hubbard, T, Humphreys, A, Ikram, H, Ioannis, M, Iqbal, M, Iqbal, N, Jain, R, Jatania, J, Jenkinson, P, Jokhan, S, Jones, A, Jones, C, Jones, L, Joshi, H, Joshi, K, Joy, M, Jull, P, Kakaniaris, G, Kallam, R, Kane, E, Kang, P, Kanitkar, R, Kauser, S, Kazmi, F, Kedrzycki, M, Kelly, S, Kendall, J, Khan, M, Khan, T, King, G, Kisiel, A, Kitsis, C, Kolawole, I, Korambayil, S, Kosasih, S, Kosti, A, Kotb, A, Kouris, S, Kshatriya, K, Kumar, S, Lafaurie, G, Lal, R, Lau, A, Lazim, T, Lazzaro, A, Lee, K, Lefroy, R, Leinhardt, D, Lennon, H, Leong, K, Levy, B, Lim, E, Lim, J, Lindley, S, Liu, D, Lloyd, P, Locker, D, Lockwood, S, Lowe, C, Lund, J, Lunevicius, R, Lunt, A, Lutfi, S, Luther, A, Luwemba, S, Mahankali‐Rao, P, Mahroof, S, Mai, D, Majid, S, Malik, A, Malik, K, Mann, K, Mansour, S, Manu, N, Mapara, R, Martin, C, Martin, J, Martin, R, Mason, C, Massey, L, Mathias, J, Mathur, P, Maude, K, McArthur, D, McCain, S, McCluney, S, McIlroy, B, McKay, S, McKinley, N, McNair, A, McWhirter, D, Mekhail, P, Mellor, K, Merchant, J, Merker, L, Messenger, D, Miles, A, Mir, S, Mishra, A, Mistry, P, Miu, V, Moat, M, Mockford, K, Mohamed, E, Mohamed, I, Mondragon‐Pritchard, M, Moore, N, Moretti, L, Morris, H, Morrison, T, Morrison‐Jones, V, Moss, J, Moug, S, Mountford, D, Moynihan, R, Muhammad, K, Muldoon‐Smith, D, Mulholland, J, Mullan, M, Murgitroyd, E, Murugaiyan, K, Myers, A, Mykoniatis, I, Nana, G, Nash, T, Nassar, A, Newton, R, Ng, C, Ng, P, Nguyen, K, Nicholas, F, Noor, M, Nowers, J, Nugent, C, Nunn, A, Nunn, R, Obeid, N, O'Callaghan, J, O'Hara, R, Oke, O, Olivier, J, O'Neill, A, O'Neill, S, Osei‐Bordom, D, Osgood, L, Panagiotopoulos, S, Panchasara, B, Parks, R, Patel, H, Patel, P, Patel, R, Patel, S, Pawelec, K, Payne, C, Pearson, K, Perin, G, Peristerakis, I, Petronio, B, Phelan, L, Phillips, J, Pisaneschi, C, Pitt, J, Plunkett‐Reed, K, Ponchietti, L, Pouzi, A, Pouzi, M, Powell, A, Powell‐Chandler, A, Pranesh, N, Proctor, V, Pywell, S, Qureshi, A, Qureshi, N, Rahman, M, Rai, Z, Ramcharan, S, Rangarajan, K, Rashid, M, Reader, H, Rehman, A, Rehman, S, Rengifo, C, Richards, E, Richardson, N, Robinson, A, Robinson, D, Rossi, B, Rutherford, F, Sadien, I, Saghir, T, Sahnan, K, Salahia, G, Sarveswaran, J, Saunders, M, Scott, B, Scott, K, Seager, A, Seal, S, Sezen, E, Shaban, F, Shah, P, Shahmohammadi, M, Shamsiddinova, A, Shankar, S, Sharpe, A, Shatkar, V, Sheel, A, Shields, T, Shinkwin, M, Shurmer, J, Siddika, A, Siddiqui, S, Simson, R, Sinclair, P, Singh, B, Singh, S, Sivaraj, J, Skaife, P, Skelly, B, Skinner, A, Slim, N, Smart, C, Smart, N, Smith, F, Smith, I, Smith, R, Spence, G, Sreedhar, A, Steinke, J, Stevenson, L, Stewart‐Parker, E, Stott, M, Stubbs, B, Stylianides, N, Subramonia, S, Swinkin, M, Swinscoe, M, Symons, N, Tahir, W, Taj, T, Takacs, K, Tam, J, Tan, K, Tani, S, Tanner, N, Tao, D, Taylor, M, Thava, B, Thippeswamy, K, Thomas, C, Thompson, E, Thompson, R, Thompson‐Reil, C, Thorn, C, Tongo, F, Toth, G, Turnbull, A, Turnbull, J, Valero, C, Boxel, G, Varcada, M, Venn, M, Ventham, N, Venza, M, Vimalachandran, D, Virlos, I, Wade, T, Wafi, A, Waite, K, Walker, M, Walker, N, Walker, T, Walsh, U, Wardle, S, Warner, R, Watfah, J, Watson, N, Watt, J, Watts, J, Wayman, J, Weegenaar, C, West, H, West, M, Whitehurst, L, Whyler, M, Wiggans, M, Wijeyekoon, S, Williams, G, Williams, R, Williamson, A, Williamson, J, Wilson, J, Winter, A, Wolpert, L, Wong, J, Yeap, E, Yeong, T, Zaman, S, Zappa, B, Zosimas, D, Moug S Mondragon‐Pritchard, M, Rehan, S, and van Boxel, G

Abstract

Background: \ud Small bowel obstruction is a common surgical emergency, and is associated with high levels of morbidity and mortality across the world. The literature provides little information on the conservatively managed group. The aim of this study was to describe the burden of small bowel obstruction in the UK.\ud \ud Methods: \ud This prospective cohort study was conducted in 131 acute hospitals in the UK between January and April 2017, delivered by trainee research collaboratives. Adult patients with a diagnosis of mechanical small bowel obstruction were included. The primary outcome was in‐hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes included complications, unplanned intensive care admission and readmission within 30 days of discharge. Practice measures, including use of radiological investigations, water soluble contrast, operative and nutritional interventions, were collected.\ud \ud Results: \ud Of 2341 patients identified, 693 (29·6 per cent) underwent immediate surgery (within 24 h of admission), 500 (21·4 per cent) had delayed surgery after initial conservative management, and 1148 (49·0 per cent) were managed non‐operatively. The mortality rate was 6·6 per cent (6·4 per cent for non‐operative management, 6·8 per cent for immediate surgery, 6·8 per cent for delayed surgery; P = 0·911). The major complication rate was 14·4 per cent overall, affecting 19·0 per cent in the immediate surgery, 23·6 per cent in the delayed surgery and 7·7 per cent in the non‐operative management groups (P < 0·001). Cox regression found hernia or malignant aetiology and malnutrition to be associated with higher rates of death. Malignant aetiology, operative intervention, acute kidney injury and malnutrition were associated with increased risk of major complication.\ud \ud Conclusion: \ud Small bowel obstruction represents a significant healthcare burden. Patient‐level factors such as timing of surgery, acute kidney injury and nutritional status are factors that might be modified to improve outcomes.

Published
2019

13. Outcomes following small bowel obstruction due to malignancy in the national audit of small bowel obstruction

Author

Drake, Thomas M., primary, Lee, Matthew J., additional, Sayers, Adele E., additional, Abercrombie, John, additional, Acheson, Austin, additional, Alderson, Derek, additional, Anderson, Iain, additional, Bradburn, Mike, additional, Davies, Michael, additional, Hamady, Zaed, additional, Hind, Daniel, additional, Hollyman, Marianne, additional, Hare, Sarah, additional, Lee, Ellen, additional, Northover, John, additional, Lewis, Christopher, additional, Marriott, Paul J., additional, Maynard, Nick, additional, McFall, Malcolm, additional, Muragananthan, Aravinth, additional, Murray, David, additional, Singh, Pritam, additional, Tierney, Gillian, additional, Verjee, Azmina, additional, Walsh, Ciaran, additional, Wild, Jonathan RL., additional, Wilson, Timothy, additional, Abbott, S., additional, Abdulaal, Y., additional, Afshar, S., additional, Akhtar, M., additional, Anderson, D., additional, Appleton, S., additional, Bandyopadhyay, D., additional, Bashir, G., additional, Behar, N., additional, Bhandari, S., additional, Branagan, G., additional, Boulton, R., additional, Borg, C., additional, Bouras, G., additional, Boyle, J., additional, Brewer, H., additional, Brown, L., additional, Briggs, C., additional, Cartmell, M., additional, Chan, S., additional, Chandratreya, N., additional, Conaghan, P., additional, Cornish, J., additional, Cotton, D., additional, Coyne, P., additional, Crozier, J., additional, Cook, T., additional, Cunha, P., additional, Curtis, N., additional, Day, A., additional, Dayal, S., additional, Dennis, R., additional, Dent, P., additional, Dowson, H., additional, Fallaize, R., additional, Farag, S., additional, El Farran, M., additional, Faulkner, G., additional, Giordano, P., additional, Grey, T., additional, Halahakoon, V., additional, Hannay, J., additional, Harikrishnan, A., additional, Holtham, S., additional, Hawkin, P., additional, Hall, C., additional, Hancock, L., additional, Hartley, J., additional, Howse, F., additional, Kallam, R., additional, Kakaniaris, G., additional, Kelly, S., additional, Lockwood, S., additional, Leinhardt, D., additional, Levy, B., additional, Lal, R., additional, Lazim, T., additional, Lund, J., additional, Lunevicius, R., additional, Mathur, P., additional, Maude, K., additional, McArthur, D., additional, McIlroy, B., additional, Miles, A., additional, Moug, S., additional, Mondragon-Pritchard, M., additional, Messenger, D., additional, Mullan, M., additional, Myers, A., additional, Muhammad, K., additional, Mason, C., additional, Sarveswaran, J., additional, Shatkar, V., additional, Singh, B., additional, Skelly, B., additional, Subramonia, S., additional, Swinscoe, M., additional, Thava, B., additional, Thorn, C., additional, Panagiotopoulos, S., additional, Patel, P., additional, Phillips, J., additional, Peristerakis, I., additional, Qureshi, A., additional, Saunders, M., additional, Shah, P., additional, Sheel, A., additional, Siddiqui, S., additional, Skaife, P., additional, Smart, N., additional, Smith, I., additional, Stevenson, L., additional, Stylianides, N., additional, Steinke, J., additional, Stubbs, B., additional, Thompson, R., additional, Varcada, M., additional, Vimalachandran, D., additional, Virlos, I., additional, Watfah, J., additional, Watson, N., additional, Walker, M., additional, Ventham, N., additional, West, H., additional, Wilson, J., additional, Wijeyekoon, S., additional, Ah-Chuen, J., additional, Ahmed, T., additional, Akram, F., additional, Aldred, E., additional, Ali, A., additional, Aly, M., additional, Amajuoyi, A., additional, Amin, V., additional, Andreou, A., additional, Ansari, A., additional, Ardley, R., additional, Arshad, F., additional, Ashour, O., additional, Asour, A., additional, Ayoub, F., additional, Azeem, H., additional, Azhar, B., additional, Baillie, C., additional, Barker, J., additional, Barkham, B., additional, Baron, R., additional, Barrie, J., additional, Barry-Yarrow, E., additional, Battersby, N., additional, Bazoua, G., additional, Berger, C., additional, Bhasin, S., additional, Biggs, S., additional, Bisset, C., additional, Blencowe, N., additional, Boddy, A., additional, Boereboom, C., additional, Bogdan, M., additional, Bogle, R., additional, Bohra, P., additional, Bolkan, H., additional, Boyer, M., additional, Broadhurst, J., additional, Brown, E., additional, Brown, J., additional, Burns, K., additional, Butcher, K., additional, Capper, C., additional, Cash, T., additional, Chapman, J., additional, Chapman, S., additional, Charalabopoulos, A., additional, Cheek, C., additional, Chok, S., additional, Choong, W., additional, Chowdhury, J., additional, Coe, P., additional, Conn, G., additional, Cook, N., additional, Cooper, S., additional, Cox, C., additional, Crook, R., additional, Cuffolo, G., additional, da Silva, L., additional, Das, B., additional, Davenport, M., additional, Davies, J., additional, Davies, T., additional, Dean, S., additional, Demetriou, G., additional, Dengu, F., additional, Dent, H., additional, Di Benedetto, G., additional, Dindyal, S., additional, Donnelly, E., additional, Douka, E., additional, Downham, C., additional, Edent, H., additional, Edgerton, K., additional, El-Sharif, M., additional, Elamin, O., additional, Elsaid, N., additional, Evans, J., additional, Evans, M., additional, Ewe, R., additional, Ewing, A., additional, Ferguson, H., additional, Fisher, O., additional, Fletcher, J., additional, Forouzanfar, A., additional, Foster, A., additional, Fox, R., additional, Francis, N., additional, Fretwell, V., additional, Fung, D., additional, Gammeri, E., additional, Garnham, J., additional, Geraghty, A., additional, Gilbert, A., additional, Gill, M., additional, Gillespie, M., additional, Glasbey, J., additional, Golder, A., additional, Green, N., additional, Groundwater, E., additional, Grove, T., additional, Habib, H., additional, Haddow, J., additional, Halkias, C., additional, Hampson, A., additional, Hanna, T., additional, Harries, R., additional, Harvey, K., additional, Hawkins, J., additional, Healy, R., additional, Heartshorne, R., additional, Heller, S., additional, Hendra, L., additional, Herrod, P., additional, Heywood, N., additional, Hicks, G., additional, Ng, P., additional, Hope, C., additional, Hopley, P., additional, Hossain, T., additional, Hossaini, S., additional, Hubbard, T., additional, Humphreys, A., additional, Ikram, H., additional, Ioannis, M., additional, Iqbal, M., additional, Jatania, J., additional, Jenkinson, P., additional, Jokhan, S., additional, Jones, A., additional, Jones, C., additional, Jones, L., additional, Joshi, H., additional, Joshi, K., additional, Joy, M., additional, Jull, P., additional, Kane, E., additional, Kanitkar, R., additional, Kauser, S., additional, Kazmi, F., additional, Kedrzycki, M., additional, Kendall, J., additional, Khan, T., additional, King, G., additional, Kisiel, A., additional, Kitsis, C., additional, Kolawole, I., additional, Kosasih, S., additional, Kosti, A., additional, Kotb, A., additional, Lau, A., additional, Lafaurie, G., additional, Lazzaro, A., additional, Lefroy, R., additional, Lennon, H., additional, Leong, K., additional, Lim, E., additional, Lim, J., additional, Lindley, S., additional, Liu, D., additional, Lloyd, P., additional, Locker, D., additional, Lowe, C., additional, Lunt, A., additional, Lutfi, S., additional, Luther, A., additional, Luwemba, S., additional, Mahankali-Rao, P., additional, Mai, D., additional, Majid, S., additional, Malik, A., additional, Manu, N., additional, Mapara, R., additional, Martin, C., additional, Martin, J., additional, Massey, L., additional, Mathias, J., additional, McCain, S., additional, McCluney, S., additional, McNair, A., additional, Mekhail, P., additional, Merchant, J., additional, Merker, L., additional, Mir, S., additional, Mistry, P., additional, Miu, V., additional, Moat, M., additional, Mohamed, E., additional, Mohamed, I., additional, Moore, N., additional, Moretti, L., additional, Morris, H., additional, Morrison, T., additional, Moss, J., additional, Mountford, D., additional, Moynihan, R., additional, Muldoon-Smith, D., additional, Mulholland, J., additional, Murgitroyd, E., additional, Murugaiyan, K., additional, Mykoniatis, I., additional, Nana, G., additional, Nash, T., additional, Nassar, A., additional, Newton, R., additional, Nguyen, K., additional, Nicholas, F., additional, Noor, M., additional, Nowers, J., additional, Nugent, C., additional, Nunn, A., additional, O'Callaghan, J., additional, O'Hara, R., additional, O'Neill, A., additional, Olivier, J., additional, Osei-Bordom, D., additional, Osgood, L., additional, Panchasara, B., additional, Parks, R., additional, Patel, H., additional, Pawelec, K., additional, Payne, C., additional, Pearson, K., additional, Perin, G., additional, Petronio, B., additional, Phelan, L., additional, Pisaneschi, C., additional, Pitt, J., additional, Ponchietti, L., additional, Powell, A., additional, Powell-Chandler, A., additional, Pranesh, N., additional, Proctor, V., additional, Qureshi, N., additional, Rahman, M., additional, Rai, Z., additional, Ramcharan, S., additional, Rangarajan, K., additional, Rashid, M., additional, Reader, H., additional, Rehman, A., additional, Rehan, S., additional, Rengifo, C., additional, Richardson, N., additional, Robinson, A., additional, Robinson, D., additional, Rossi, B., additional, Rutherford, F., additional, Sadien, I., additional, Saghir, T., additional, Sahnan, K., additional, Salahia, G., additional, Scott, B., additional, Scott, K., additional, Seager, A., additional, Seal, S., additional, Sezen, E., additional, Shaban, F., additional, Shahmohammadi, M., additional, Shamsiddinova, A., additional, Shankar, S., additional, Sharpe, A., additional, Shields, T., additional, Shinkwin, M., additional, Shurmer, J., additional, Siddika, A., additional, Simson, R., additional, Singh, S., additional, Sivaraj, J., additional, Skinner, A., additional, Smart, C., additional, Smith, F., additional, Smith, R., additional, Sreedhar, A., additional, Stewart-Parker, E., additional, Stott, M., additional, Symons, N., additional, Taj, T., additional, Tam, J., additional, Tan, K., additional, Tani, S., additional, Tao, D., additional, Thippeswamy, K., additional, Thomas, C., additional, Thompson, E., additional, Thompson-Reil, C., additional, Tongo, F., additional, Toth, G., additional, Turnbull, A., additional, Turnbull, J., additional, Wade, T., additional, Wafi, A., additional, Waite, K., additional, Walker, N., additional, Walker, T., additional, Walsh, U., additional, Wardle, S., additional, Warner, R., additional, Watt, J., additional, Watts, J., additional, Wayman, J., additional, Weegenaar, C., additional, West, M., additional, Whyler, M., additional, Whitehurst, L., additional, Wiggans, M., additional, Williams, G., additional, Williams, R., additional, Williamson, A., additional, Williamson, J., additional, Winter, A., additional, Wolpert, L., additional, Wong, J., additional, van Boxel, G., additional, Yeap, E., additional, Zaman, S., additional, Zappa, B., additional, Zosimas, D., additional, Anderson, O., additional, Athem, A., additional, Athersmith, M., additional, Badenoch, T., additional, Barker, S., additional, Bellam, S., additional, Boam, T., additional, Boland, M., additional, Blake, L., additional, Brown, O., additional, Butler, M., additional, Byrne, B., additional, Campbell, L., additional, Chow, M., additional, Da Costa, K., additional, Cutting, J., additional, Deputy, M., additional, Devoto, L., additional, Doody, P., additional, Ekpete, N., additional, Eljaafari, M., additional, Exarchou, K., additional, Faoury, M., additional, Farinella, E., additional, Gill, C., additional, Goh, M., additional, Gregoir, T., additional, Growcott, S., additional, Gunasekaran, S., additional, Harris, G., additional, Heard, R., additional, Hobson, B., additional, Iqbal, N., additional, Jain, R., additional, Kang, P., additional, Khan, M., additional, Korambayil, S., additional, Kouris, S., additional, Kshatriya, K., additional, Kumar, S., additional, Lee, K., additional, Mahroof, S., additional, Malik, K., additional, Mann, K., additional, Mansour, S., additional, Martin, R., additional, McKay, S., additional, McKinley, N., additional, McWhirter, D., additional, Mellor, K., additional, Mishra, A., additional, Mockford, K., additional, Morrison-Jones, V., additional, Ng, C., additional, Nunn, R., additional, O'Neill, S., additional, Oke, O., additional, Obeid, N., additional, Patel, R., additional, Patel, S., additional, Plunkett-Reed, K., additional, Pouzi, M., additional, Pywell, S., additional, Richards, E., additional, Sinclair, P., additional, Slim, N., additional, Spence, G., additional, Swinkin, M., additional, Tahir, W., additional, Takacs, K., additional, Tanner, N., additional, Taylor, M., additional, Valero, C., additional, Venn, M., additional, Venza, M., additional, Yeong, T., additional, and Fearnhead, Nicola S., additional

Published
2019
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14. VIDARR: Aboveground Reactor Monitoring

Author

Coleman, J., primary, Metelko, C., additional, Murdoch, M., additional, Schnellbach, Y., additional, Touramanis, C., additional, Mills, R., additional, and Mountford, D., additional

Published
2019
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15. Mental wellbeing of equine veterinary surgeons, veterinary nurses and veterinary students during the COVID‐19 pandemic.

Author

Mair, T. S., Mountford, D. R., Radley, R., Lockett, E., and Parkin, T. D.

Subjects
*COVID-19 pandemic, *VETERINARIANS, *VETERINARY students, *NURSING students, *VETERINARY nursing, *SOCIAL distancing
Abstract

Summary: The rapid global spread of COVID‐19 necessitated changes to national behavioural patterns and working practices, including self‐isolating, maintenance of social distancing and lockdowns. These steps are likely to have had consequences for mental health and wellbeing. Objectives: To assess the mental wellbeing of equine veterinary surgeons, equine veterinary nurses and veterinary students during the COVID‐19 pandemic and the associated lockdown in the UK in June 2020. Study design: Electronic survey. Methods: The survey was run between 6 June 2020 and 14 June 2020, and consisted of 22 closed and open questions, including the 14‐item scale Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS). The questionnaire was distributed through email via the British Equine Veterinary Association (BEVA) membership database. Results: A total of 451 responses were received. The mean scores for the WEMWBS for veterinary surgeons, veterinary nurses and veterinary students were 47.17, 39.53 and 44.29 respectively. These compare to 48.08 and 46.38 for equine veterinary surgeons and nurses respectively in the 2019 RCVS survey of the profession. The WEMWBS results indicated lower levels of mental wellbeing in equine veterinary nurses/student veterinary nurses and veterinary students, compared to equine veterinary surgeons, as well as in furloughed equine veterinary surgeons compared to working equine veterinary surgeons. Main limitations: Risk of self‐selection bias and reporting bias. Low numbers of veterinary nurse respondents. Conclusions: There were lower levels of mental wellbeing among equine veterinary surgeons and equine veterinary nurses during the COVID‐19 pandemic compared to the situation prior to the COVID‐19 pandemic. Equine veterinary nurses appeared to be more likely to report lower mental wellbeing than veterinary surgeons, and furloughed veterinary surgeons reported lower levels of mental wellbeing than veterinary surgeons that continued working during the lockdown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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16. Study of the Ti-44(alpha, p)V-47 reaction and implications for core collapse supernovae

Author

Margerin, V., Murphy, A. St. J., Davinson, T., Dressler, R., Fallis, J., Kankainen, A., Laird, A. M., Lotay, G., Mountford, D. J., Murphy, C. D., Seiffert, C., Schumann, D., Stowasser, T., Stora, T., Wang, C. H. -T., Woods, P. J., and Helsinki Institute of Physics

Subjects
TI-44, STATISTICAL-MODEL CALCULATIONS, education, INSTABILITY, 1987A, 114 Physical sciences, herkkyys (psykologia), ASTROPHYSICAL REACTION-RATES, statistical-model calculations, target, CASSIOPEIA, instability, TARGET, emission, ACCRETION SHOCK, SENSITIVITY, astrophysical reaction-rates, cassiopeia, EMISSION, acceretion shock
Abstract

The underlying physics triggering core collapse supernovae is not fully understood but observations of material ejected during such events helps to solve this puzzle. In particular, several satellite based γ -ray observations of the isotope 44Ti have been reported recently. Conveniently, the amount of this isotope in stellar ejecta is thought to depend critically on the explosion mechanism. The most influential reaction to the amount of 44Ti in supernovae is 44Ti(α, p)47V. Here we report on a direct study of this reaction conducted at the REX-ISOLDE facility, CERN. The experiment was performed with a 44Ti beam at Elab = 2.16 MeV/u, corresponding to an energy distribution, for reacting α-particles, centred on Ecm = 4.15 with a 1σ width of 0.23 MeV. This is, for the first time, well within the Gamow window for core collapse supernovae. The material from which the 44Ti beam was extracted originates from highly irradiated components of the SINQ spallation neutron source of the Paul Scherrer Institute. No yield above background was observed, enabling an upper limit for the rate of this reaction to be determined. This result is below expectation, suggesting that the 44Ti(α, p)47V reaction proceeds more slowly than previously thought. Implications for astrophysical events, and remnant age, are discussed. peerReviewed

Published
2014

17. Is ��-ray emission from novae affected by interference effects in the 18F(p,��)15O reaction?

Author

Laird, A. M., Parikh, A., Murphy, A. St. J., Wimmer, K., Chen, A. A., Deibel, C. M., Faestermann, T., Fox, S. P., Fulton, B. R., Hertenberger, R., Irvine, D., Jos��, J., Longland, R., Mountford, D., Sambrook, B., Seiler, D., and Wirth, H. -F.

Subjects
FOS: Physical sciences, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
Abstract

The 18F(p,��)15O reaction rate is crucial for constraining model predictions of the ��-ray observable radioisotope 18F produced in novae. The determination of this rate is challenging due to particular features of the level scheme of the compound nucleus, 19Ne, which result in interference effects potentially playing a significant role. The dominant uncertainty in this rate arises from interference between J��=3/2+ states near the proton threshold (Sp = 6.411 MeV) and a broad J��=3/2+ state at 665 keV above threshold. This unknown interference term results in up to a factor of 40 uncertainty in the astrophysical S-factor at nova temperatures. Here we report a new measurement of states in this energy region using the 19F(3He,t)19Ne reaction. In stark contrast with previous assumptions we find at least 3 resonances between the proton threshold and Ecm=50 keV, all with different angular distributions. None of these are consistent with J��= 3/2+ angular distributions. We find that the main uncertainty now arises from the unknown proton-width of the 48 keV resonance, not from possible interference effects. Hydrodynamic nova model calculations performed indicate that this unknown width affects 18F production by at least a factor of two in the model considered., 5 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett

Published
2012
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19. Inverse Kinematic Study of theAl26g(d,p)Al27Reaction and Implications for Destruction ofAl26in Wolf-Rayet and Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars

Author

Margerin, V., primary, Lotay, G., additional, Woods, P. J., additional, Aliotta, M., additional, Christian, G., additional, Davids, B., additional, Davinson, T., additional, Doherty, D. T., additional, Fallis, J., additional, Howell, D., additional, Kirsebom, O. S., additional, Mountford, D. J., additional, Rojas, A., additional, Ruiz, C., additional, and Tostevin, J. A., additional

Published
2015
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20. The first direct measurement of 17O(α,γ)21Ne and its impact upon s-process abundances

Author

Taggart, M., Hager, U., Laird, A. M., Ruiz, C., Hutcheon, D., Ottewell, D., Fallis, J., Erikson, L., Bentley, M., Brown, J. R., Buchmann, L., Chen, A. A., Jun Chen, Chipps, K. A., D Auria, J., Davids, B., Davis, C., Diget, C. A., Fox, S. P., Fulton, B., Galinski, N., Greife, U., Herwig, F., Hirschi, R., Howell, D., Martin, L., Mountford, D., Murphy, A., Pignatari, M., Reeve, S., Ruprecht, G., Sjue, S., and Veloce, L.

Abstract

An experimental campaign to perform the first accurate measurement of the 17O(a,g)21Ne reaction rate was carried out during May and November 2009 at the DRAGON recoil separator in the TRIUMF laboratory, Vancouver, Canada. The goals were to differentiate between two previous conflicting theoretical predictions, and to establish the (a,g)/(a,n) reaction rate ratio.Two distinct energy regions were scanned: a higher region, Ecm 1.5 MeV, where the recoil cone was sufficiently confined and the cross section sufficiently large so that a statistically significant yield could be achieved, and a lower region, Ecm 0.7 MeV, chosen to approach the astrophysicalenergies and reduce errors from extrapolation. The experiment, performed in inverse kinematics, used the highest intensity beam ever deliveredto DRAGON, 11012 pps of 17O incident on a 4He gas target. An array of 30 Bismuth Germanate (BGO) detectors [1] was used in conjunction with two microchannel plates (MCP) [2] for a local time-of-flight measurement, and ion chamber for coincident event detection.

Published
2010

24. Isγ-Ray Emission from Novae Affected by Interference Effects in theF18(p,α)O15Reaction?

Author

Laird, A. M., primary, Parikh, A., additional, Murphy, A. St. J., additional, Wimmer, K., additional, Chen, A. A., additional, Deibel, C. M., additional, Faestermann, T., additional, Fox, S. P., additional, Fulton, B. R., additional, Hertenberger, R., additional, Irvine, D., additional, José, J., additional, Longland, R., additional, Mountford, D. J., additional, Sambrook, B., additional, Seiler, D., additional, and Wirth, H.-F., additional

Published
2013
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25. Resonances in19Ne with relevance to the astrophysically important18F(p,α)15O reaction

Author

Mountford, D. J., primary, Murphy, A. St J., additional, Achouri, N. L., additional, Angulo, C., additional, Brown, J. R., additional, Davinson, T., additional, de Oliveira Santos, F., additional, de Séréville, N., additional, Descouvemont, P., additional, Kamalou, O., additional, Laird, A. M., additional, Pittman, S. T., additional, Ujic, P., additional, and Woods, P. J., additional

Published
2012
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29. The performance of an air-water heat pump installed in an experimental house.

Author

Mountford, D. and Freund, P.

Abstract

An air-water heat pump has been used to heat a well insulated experimental house since 1978. This paper describes the monitored performance of the heat pump and examines in detail its behaviour under part load operation and in frosting conditions. The seasonal coefficient of performance for space and water heating was 2.3 with minimal use of supplementary heat. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
1981
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