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International audience; Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a heterogeneous disease treated with anti-CD20-based immuno-chemotherapy (R-CHOP). We identified that low levels of GAPDH predict a poor response to R-CHOP treatment. Importantly, we demonstrated that GAPDH(low) lymphomas use OxPhos metabolism and rely on mTORC1 signaling and glutaminolysis. Consistently, disruptors of OxPhos metabolism(phenformin) or glutaminolysis (L-asparaginase) induce cytotoxic responses in GAPDH(low) B cells and improve GAPDH(low) B cell-lymphoma-bearing mice survival, while they are low or not efficient on GAPDH(high) B cell lymphomas. Ultimately, we selected four GAPDH(low) DLBCL patients, who were refractory to all anti-CD20-based therapies, and targeted DLBCL metabolism-using L-asparaginase (K), mTOR inhibitor (T), and metformin (M) (called KTM therapy). Three out of the four patients presented a complete response upon one cycle of KTM. These findings establish that the GAPDH expression level predicts DLBCL patients' response to R-CHOP treatment and their sensitivity to specific metabolic inhibitors.

In the elderly, Alzheimer's and related diseases increase the high prevalence of undernutrition, itself accountable of decompensation of geriatric frailty criteria. The finger-food is composed of appetizer served individually, which can be grasped with the hands and eaten in one bite. It is described as a food intake rehabilitation whose main objective is to improve the quality and quantity of calorie balance. The multidisciplinary evaluation will induce the choice of the type of food morsel (classical, smooth mixed or eat-standing) depending on the clinical form of neurocognitive disorders, the existence of swallowing disorders, customs or beliefs, logistical difficulties inherent to the place of living and the availability of carers or caregivers. However, despite positive assessment by the teams having established the finger-food, no tangible evidence of its efficiency has been found in the scientific literature. Thus, the development of its use, including the homes of people with dementia diseases, and education among health professionals promote opportunities to attest the nutritional and cognitive behavioral impacts.

The genus Rosa comprises 150–200 species. Cultivated roses are popular as plants for house and garden, and cut flowers are sold in substantial numbers; more than 30,000 cultivars are registered and almost all are issued from conventional crossing procedures. These procedures were performed in Europe and China and gradually domestication has resulted in today’s modern rose species that are hardy, resistant to pests and flower recurrently with colour brightness derived from their Chinese origins. This is a description of the mechanics of rose breeding, from pollination to seedling care and seed maturation and germination.

Deregulated expression of glycolytic enzymes contributes not only to the increased energy demands of transformed cells but also has non-glycolytic roles in tumors. However, the contribution of these non-glycolytic functions in tumor progression remains poorly defined. Here, we show that elevated expression of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), but not of other glycolytic enzymes tested, increased aggressiveness and vascularization of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Elevated GAPDH expression was found to promote nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation via binding to tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor-2 (TRAF2), enhancing the transcription and the activity of hypoxia-inducing factor-1α (HIF-1α). Consistent with this, inactive mutants of GAPDH failed to bind TRAF2, enhance HIF-1 activity or promote lymphomagenesis. Furthermore, elevated expression of gapdh mRNA in biopsies from diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients correlated with high levels of hif-1α, vegf-a, nfkbia mRNA and CD31 staining. Collectively, these data indicate that deregulated GAPDH expression promotes NF-κB-dependent induction of HIF-1α and has a key role in lymphoma vascularization and aggressiveness.

Cognitive-behaviour units are specialised units within follow-up and rehabilitation care services for people suffering from Alzheimer's disease. These units were created in response to measure 17 of the 3rd Alzheimer's Plan. To stabilise behavioural disorders, as part of a non pharmacological care plan, the therapeutic garden is a useful care tool. This article presents an original initiative in Nancy.

Pierre Clostermann rapporte dans Le Grand Cirque ces paroles de Rene Mouchotte partant pour sa derniere mission, vers Saint-Omer, le 27 aout 1943 : « Je tiens a etre pare pour finir en beaute ». Ce heros prestigieux, qui mourut en beaute comme il avait vecu, et qui fut porte « disparu au-dessus de la France », a laisse des carnets intimes ou l’on a retrouve ses pensees et ses combats. Le commandant Rene Mouchotte n’etait pas seulement un grand pilote qui accomplit cent missions de guerre, c’etait aussi un chef militaire a l’energie indomptable, a l’esprit clair et organisateur. Il sut s’imposer comme la figure la plus marquante des Forces aeriennes francaises libres. Il commanda notamment le groupe « Alsace » et l’escadre de chasse Biggin Hill, la plus illustre de la R.A.F. Dans le livre de ce jeune chef a l’âme ardente et au cœur genereux, de ce soldat anime du plus pur esprit de sacrifice, les lecteurs trouveront des motifs d’exaltation, de fierte et d’esperance.

National audience; Les unités cognitivo-comportementales (UCC) sont des unités spécialisées au sein des services de soins de suite et de réadaptation (SSR) destinées aux personnes atteintes de la maladie d’Alzheimer. Ces unités ont été créées en écho à la mesure numéro 17 du IIIe Plan Alzheimer. Pour stabiliser les troubles du comportement, dans le cadre d’une prise en charge non médicamenteuse, le jardin thérapeutique a toute sa place. Exemple à Nancy avec une initiative originale.

Tsetse flies ( Glossina spp.) can harbor up to three distinct species of endosymbiotic bacteria that exhibit unique modes of transmission and evolutionary histories with their host. Two mutualist enterics, Wigglesworthia and Sodalis , are transmitted maternally to tsetse flies' intrauterine larvae. The third symbiont, from the genus Wolbachia , parasitizes developing oocytes. In this study, we determined that Sodalis isolates from several tsetse fly species are virtually identical based on a phylogenetic analysis of their ftsZ gene sequences. Furthermore, restriction fragment-length polymorphism analysis revealed little variation in the genomes of Sodalis isolates from tsetse fly species within different subgenera ( Glossina fuscipes fuscipes and Glossina morsitans morsitans ). We also examined the impact on host fitness of transinfecting G. fuscipes fuscipes and G. morsitans morsitans flies with reciprocal Sodalis strains. Tsetse flies cleared of their native Sodalis symbionts were successfully repopulated with the Sodalis species isolated from a different tsetse fly species. These transinfected flies effectively transmitted the novel symbionts to their offspring and experienced no detrimental fitness effects compared to their wild-type counterparts, as measured by longevity and fecundity. Quantitative PCR analysis revealed that transinfected flies maintained their Sodalis populations at densities comparable to those in flies harboring native symbionts. Our ability to transinfect tsetse flies is indicative of Sodalis ' recent evolutionary history with its tsetse fly host and demonstrates that this procedure may be used as a means of streamlining future paratransgenesis experiments.

Introduction et but de l’etude La Maladie d’Alzheimer (MA) aggrave la prevalence de la denutrition proteino-energetique par les troubles aphaso-apraxo-agnosiques, les troubles du comportement. Le Manger-Mains (MM), amuses-bouches consommes sans couverts, est une readaptation nutritionnelle donnant des resultats qualitatifs favorables chez ces patients, mais jamais evalues de maniere quantitative. Objectifs Principalement d’evaluer l’impact du MM sur les apports proteiques et energetiques et secondairement sur l’autonomie des patients et sur la charge de travail de l’aidant et sur les troubles du comportement. Materiel et methodes Etude avant et apres intervention, incluant 20 patients consecutifs hospitalises en Unite Cognitivo-Comportementale (UCC) et atteints d’une MA. Alimentation identique selon un calendrier hebdomadaire : les patients recoivaient un menu « classique » (MC) pendant 3 jours consecutifs (du jeudi au samedi), apres un jour neutre, les patients suivaient un menu MM pendant 3 jours (du lundi au mercredi). La composition en macronutriment etait identique dans les 2 menus. Consignation des donnees epidemiologiques, du statut nutritionnel (IMC, MNA, albuminemie, facteurs de risque de denutrition), des troubles du comportement (Neuro Psychiatric Inventary). Releve pour chaque repas, du comportement alimentaire (echelle de Blandford), de l’evaluation des repas par le patient, de la duree des repas, de la charge de travail du soignant, des apports energetiques et de la ration protidique. Resultats et Analyse statistique L’âge moyen des patients est de 81,6 ans ± 6,9, dont 60 % de femmes. 18 patients (90 %) avaient une demence severe ou moderement severe. Le NPI moyen etait de 41,4 ± 19,0. 7 patients (35 %) presentaient une deambulation incessante. 2 patients n’ont pas accepte le MM et ont ete retires de l’analyse. 8 patients (40 %) etaient denutris selon les criteres HAS. Il n’y a aucune difference significative entre les MC et les MM concernant l’echelle de Blandford et la duree du repas. La charge de travail par les aidants n’etait pas significativement differente. Les apports caloriques totaux n’etaient pas statistiquement differents mais les apports en proteines etaient significativement plus eleves avec le manger main : +20,3 ± 40,6 g sur les 6 repas. L’augmentation des apports en proteine etait correle a la duree du repas (r = 0,51 ; p = 0,0298). Le MM a un effet positif chez les patients ne presentant pas d’akhatisie (p = 0,0303), en l’absence de polypathologie (p = 0,045) et en l’absence de prise de CNO (p = 0,048) Conclusion Le manger main permet d’augmenter significativement les apports en proteines mais parait etre efficace que chez certains patients : ceux ayant moins de pathologies associees et ayant conserves une capacite a s’alimenter. L’interpretation des donnees subjectives (plaisir de manger et de la satisfaction exprimee en fin de repas) est impossible en raison de leur capacite d’expression fluctuante.