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BACKGRAUND: Violation of gait and body balance in patients with diabetic polyneuropathy actualizes the development of new effective measures of motor rehabilitation. In this regard, an observation was carried out in which biofeedback training was used for the reference reaction in the conditions of variable feedback parameters.AIMS: To investigate the effect of a stepwise change in the depth of feedback (sensitivity) in a motor-cognitive task with visual feedback on the reference response to the result of its execution.METHODS: Single-sample observational observation with controlled conditions. 27 patients with diabetic polyneuropathy. All patients were treated according to modern standards. The observation was performed in one series at the beginning of the course of inpatient treatment. Estimation of body balance on a power platform — stabiloplatform) — stabilometry. The procedure included 5 stages of management, in which the patient followed the instructions (training) in which there was a stepwise increase in the depth of feedback («sensitivity») at each stage from 10 to 50% of the conditional «normal», with a step of 10%. A quantitative assessment of the external result (execution of instructions) and parameters of regulation of the vertical posture was carried out.RESULTS: All patients included in the follow-up showed that the implementation of instructions with increasing depth of feedback decreased sharply when the conditionally «normal» value was exceeded by 30–35%. At the same time, the initial parameters of vertical posture control in the sample patients did not affect the dynamics of results when performing the task with visual feedback. Factor analysis indicates the presence of the only significant factor associated with the effectiveness of performing a motor-cognitive task here — changes in the depth of feedback. The accepted significance level α = 0.05.CONCLUSIONS: The depth of feedback in motor-cognitive tasks with visual feedback is a key characteristic that affects performance. The ability to increase the depth of feedback in the range of about 35; from conditionally «normal», can be useful for ensuring differentiation of loads during motor rehabilitation of patients in order to increase the effectiveness of training. In addition, in theoretical terms, the proposed model of the motor-cognitive problem can be relevant in the study of «dual» problems, where the relationship of motor and cognitive components is studied.

Th e results of using natural radon waters in the form of General or four-chamber baths and ozonopuncture in patients with occupational diseases of the joints and spine at the rehabilitation stage are presented. Studies have shown that the course use of radon therapy in combination with ozone therapy has a pronounced analgesic eff ect, anti-infl ammatory eff ect, stimulates the general sedative eff ect on the central nervous system, helps to restore the volume of movements in the aff ected joints, prevents the weighting of the joint process and the development of dystrophic changes in the musculoskeletal system.The aim of the study is to study the eff ect of natural radon waters combined with ozone therapy on the dynamics of functional indicators based on motor activity data in patients with occupational diseases of the joints.Patients with occupational diseases of the joints in rehabilitation were prescribed general radon or four-chamber baths in combination with ozone therapy (the main group). A control group of patients received radon baths by a similar method without introducing ozone. Before and aft er treatment, studies of functional activity in the aff ected joints were conducted: the volume of movements, the functional Leken index, which takes into account the severity of pain at rest and under motor load, pain assessment on a visual analog scale, echography of the aff ected joints, adaptive response according to L.Kh. Garkavi. Th e use of general or four-chamber radon baths in combination with ozone therapy in the main group allowed to quickly and eff ectively normalize the functional activity of joints, relieve pain, increase the body’s adaptive reserves to external stress factors, normalize sleep and restore working capacity. In the control group, changes in indicators did not have a signifi cant degree of signifi cance.The use of General or four-chamber radon baths in combination with ozone therapy at the rehabilitation stage in patients with occupational diseases of the joints causes an improvement in the functional activity of the musculoskeletal system, accelerates the disappearance of pain, relieves infl ammation, returns performance, normalizes the body’s adaptation to external infl uences.

Summary: Increasing conditioning temperature and conditioning time has been considered a feed manufacture strategy to improve feed hygienics that may also affect feed production and nutritional quality. The objective of the study was to assess how varying steam conditioning temperatures and conditioning times interacted to affect pellet manufacture variables, true amino acid digestibility, and exogenous mixer-added enzyme recovery. Corn and SBM diets that included dried distillers' grains with solubles and meat and bone meal were conditioned at either 77°C, or 82°C, or 88°C with conditioning times of either 30 or 60 s. Treatments were arranged in a three (steam conditioning temperature) × 2 (conditioning time) factorial in a randomized complete block design. Digestible amino acid concentration was estimated using cecectomized roosters in a Latin Square with crossover design. Motor load decreased for 30-s conditioning compared to 60-s conditioning when diets were subjected to 77°C and 82°C, but the time effect was lost at 88°C. Pellet quality increased incrementally with increased steam conditioning temperature (P < 0.05). Exogenous mixer-added enzyme activity decreased at 88°C (P = 0.0001) and was not significantly affected by conditioning time. Conditioning temperature and time interacted to influence digestible amino acid concentrations of methionine, lysine, threonine, alanine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, isoleucine, leucine, proline, and valine (P < 0.05). Higher temperatures at 30-s conditioning increased digestible amino acid concentrations; however, conditioning at the highest 88°C for 60 s decreased concentrations. These data demonstrate benefits of increased temperature and time conditioning to a threshold where enzyme activity and digestible amino acid concentration decreased.

The article examines the impact of the coasting motor load configuration for emergency control.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of field size in Junior High School students in physical education class. The running characteristics in two different conditions were examined.The results are follows: 1. Running distance in soccer during physical education class was longer than in club activity.2. The number of acceleration and deceleration was similar in both groups.3. It is indicated that change in field size of soccer game might give a chance to increase exercise load during physical education class.4. Further research as evaluating same subjects playing in different size of field is needed to decide the effects.

Condition monitoring is an essential technology for detecting various incipient defects in electrical machines. Stator inter-turn and rotor broken bar faults are two major faults of the squirrel cage induction motors (SCIMs). Many attempts have been made to provide fault diagnosis systems for detecting the faults individually. This study proposes a novel unified fault diagnosis system for detecting the faults and identifying their exact severities. The system is based on a flexible model of the SCIM and can identify the severities of the faults even if they are presenting simultaneously. Robustness against the motor load change, the unbalance degree of the voltage supply and its distortion are the other merits of the proposed fault diagnosis system. Experimental results under various fault modes and operating conditions demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed fault identification technique.

The results of mathematical modeling show that during phase failure in power supply systems with asyn-chronous and synchronous motors is appear power flows interchange between individual motors and the sup-ply network, which makes it difficult to perform selective protection against exceeding the inverse sequence currents by known methods. Proposed protection on the supply input and on individual motors, based on the control of the current level of the inverse sequence and the absence of current in one of the phases. This protec-tion on the supply input is also can used as start of fast-acting automatic transfer switch. The results of success-ful tests of protection are presented.

Тема выпускной квалификационной работы: «Разработка Ñ‚ÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ñ€ÐµÑˆÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹ для обеспечения устойчивости системы электроснабжения газового промысла нефтегазоконденсатного месторождения». Данная работа посвящена изучению автономной электроэнергетической системы, исследованию динамической устойчивости и Ñ€Ð°Ð·Ð»Ð¸Ñ‡Ð½Ñ‹Ñ Ð¼ÐµÑ€ по ее повышению. Задачи, которые решались в Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ðµ выполнения работы: Исследование Ñ‚ÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ процесса, сбор сведений об оборудовании; Составление математической модели системы; Верификация параметров двигательной нагрузки; Расчет Ð¿ÐµÑ€ÐµÑ Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñ‹Ñ Ð¿Ñ€Ð¾Ñ†ÐµÑÑÐ¾Ð² при возникновении в системе ÐºÐ¾Ñ€Ð¾Ñ‚ÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð¼Ñ‹ÐºÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ð¹ разной длительности; Разработка мер по повышению устойчивости системы. В результате выполнения Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑ‚Ð°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ‹Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð´Ð°Ñ‡ были изучены ключевые узлы нагрузки системы электроснабжения, выявлены основные потребители. Составлены математические модели для расчетов установившегося режима с помощью программы RastWin3, и Ð¿ÐµÑ€ÐµÑ Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñ‹Ñ Ð¿Ñ€Ð¾Ñ†ÐµÑÑÐ¾Ð² при возникновении в системе ÐºÐ¾Ñ€Ð¾Ñ‚ÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð¼Ñ‹ÐºÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ð¹ с помощью программ MUSTANG и DYMOLA. Выявлены проблемы динамической устойчивости и рассмотрены методы ее повышения и удержания двигательной нагрузки при Ð¿Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð»Ð°Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð¿Ñ€ÑÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹ ниже ÐºÑ€Ð¸Ñ‚Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð·Ð½Ð°Ñ‡ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹., The theme of the final qualification work: "Development of technological solutions to ensure the sustainability of the power supply system of the gas field of thaute oil and gas condensate field". This work is devoted to the study of an autonomous electric power system, the study of dynamic stability and various measures to improve it. Tasks that were solved in the course of the work: Study of the technological process, collection of information about the equipment; Creating a mathematical model of the system; Verification of motor load parameters; Calculation of transient processes in the event of short circuits of different duration in the system; Development of measures to improve the dynamic stability of the power system. As a result of the fulfillment of the tasks set, the key nodes of the load of the power supply system were studied, the main consumers were identified. Mathematical models have been compiled for calculating the steady state using the RastWin3 program, and transient processes in the event of short circuits in the system using the MUSTANG and DYMOLA programs. The problems of dynamic stability are revealed and the methods of its increase and retention of the motor load in case of voltage drops below critical values are considered.

SUMMARY: Feed hygienics are of ever increasing importance in providing safe feed to animals, and ultimately safe food for consumers. Salmonella has been identified as a major microbial hazard in animal feed that has been linked to illness in both animals and humans. Use of antibiotics has decreased in recent years due to policies and practices of poultry production, increasing opportunities for potential pathogens in feed to affect poultry and poultry products. New feed equipment technology provides an option to combat feed pathogens. For example, hygienisers have been suggested to decrease Salmonella associated with mash feeds due to the ability to maintain conditioned feed temperature for an extended time. Enterococcus faecium (E. faecium) is a non-pathogenic surrogate used to study reduction of Salmonella. The objective of the current study was to compare feed manufacture and Salmonella surrogate (E. faecium ATCC 8459) reduction differences between standard pelleting and more thermally aggressive pelleting utilizing a hygieniser. More thermally aggressive pelleting decreased pellet mill motor load (P = 0.02), increased hot pellet temperature (P = 0.02), and tended to increase pellet durability (P = 0.07). E. faecium ATCC 8459 colonies decreased with standard pelleting relative to inoculated mash and were reduced further with more thermally aggressive pelleting (P

Based on innovation and competitive market for food industry, there are several food products which have been designed to attract customer. Since there is USD 39,431 millions of chocolate sales in 2018, USA [1], chocolate product shapes have been developed based on manufacturing process.This paper presents a review process of a machine design of chocolate extrusion based co-rotating twin screw extruder. A property of suitable chocolate for extruder was established. The pros and cons of machine extruder for food processing including, a screw extruder design were exposed. Since there were problems in the chocolate extruder, the process parameters such as barrel temperatures, feed rate, screw speed, motor load and melt pressure were established. These parameters would be applied to design screw extruder for chocolate processing.

The article investigates the distribution of leakage current in low voltage wiring. The regression equation is obtained, which makes it possible to accurately predict the value of the leakage current of the electrical wiring supplying a group of power receivers with motor load.

With the interconnection of large power networks, transient voltage stability of AC/DC power systems has been paid more attention in recent years. To investigate main influence of generating facility, high-voltage direct current (HVDC) and motor load for transient voltage stability, from the perspective of the generalised branch potential energy, the new indexes, and analysis method is proposed here. First, an energy function for AC/DC system is constructed with major dynamic components, namely classical HVDC control systems and motors in third-order model. Accordingly, the influence effects of the above major dynamic elements are investigated based on indexes from the corresponding generalised branch potential energy. With the rule of change in transient potential energy distribution in the network and information in stability margins, an evaluating procedure is established. Here, the judgment of transient voltage stability employs a heuristic energy function method. Finally, simulation tests on three-machine system with a HVDC transmission line are conducted in PSAT package, and the obtained results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.

The dynamics of the vibration machine with unbalance vibration exciter taking into account the elasticity of its connection with the asynchronous motor is studied. The expression describing torsional oscillations of the elastic coupling in the steady (near-steady) operation of the vibration machine and the formula of the vibratory moment for the machine with plane oscillations of the working body are obtained. The amplitude-frequency characteristics of oscillations of the vibration machine drive using “soft” and “rigid” elastic couplings are constructed. It is shown that resonant oscillations can arise in the vibration machine drive. The nature of changes in the magnitude of the vibratory moment (additional dynamic load on the motor caused by oscillations of both the bearing body of the vibration machine and the elastic coupling), depending on the vibration exciter speed is determined. It is shown that the presence of the elastic coupling in the vibration machine drive in certain operation modes can lead to an increase in the motor load and promotes the appearance of the Sommerfeld effect during start-up. Critical frequencies of the vibration machine drive with unbalance vibration exciter are specified. Recommendations on the choice of natural frequencies of the drive in order to avoid resonant oscillations are formulated. By means of computer simulation, the emergence of resonant torsional oscillations of the vibration machine drive during the passage of the natural frequency region and the associated manifestation of the Sommerfeld effect are demonstrated. The effectiveness of the proposed recommendations for reducing drive oscillations is confirmed. The results obtained will allow avoiding resonant oscillations in the vibration machine drive, thereby reducing the dynamic loads in the elements of its design and increasing the reliability and durability of the drive parts

Along with technological advances in modern times, and the development of science, human needs are also growing. In order to facilitate human work, many technologies have been created using automatic systems. One of them is in the case of automatic plant watering for farmers or garden owners. For this reason, the authors carried out a design of automatic plant sprinklers based on the YL-38 type soil moisture sensor which will be controlled by Arduino. Which later will send a duty cycle to the buck converter to change the voltage automatically according to soil conditions which have been grouped into four parts, namely very dry, dry, humid, and wet. Changes in voltage will affect the rotational speed of the motor according to the needs of the ground. With real time watering, the RTC DS1302 type is used so that this watering will be more scheduled. This watering uses a supply from a 12 volt DC battery with a 12 volt water pump motor load.

The hemodynamic (magnetic resonance imaging, fMRI, 3T) brain responses were studied in 15 left-handed healthy subjects performing active and passive movements of the dominant and non-dominant hands. Group and individual fMRI responses to the motor load were analyzed. It was found that, during the active movements of dominant and non-dominant hands, the main activation cluster appeared in the preand postcentral gyrus of the contralateral hemisphere and which topographically similar during active and passive movements. The activation cluster of greater volume was identified in these areas; the response was more diffused during the non-dominant hand movements in comparison with the dominant hand. During passive movements, the cortical activation clusters of a smaller volume in comparison with the active movements were found, which was expressed most clearly during the performance of non-dominant hand movements and could reflect the weakening of the control from the cortical structures in these conditions.

This paper presents a comparison of losses at no load and full load of six different induction motors which rated powers are between 3 kW to 280 kW. The results show that additional core losses are strongly dependent on the load of the motor. The reason is the saturation of rotor tips which leads to an increase of the effective slot openings and the strengthening of harmonic by the induced currents in rotor cage. That leads to significant increase in additional core losses concomitant with motor load increases. For loss calculations, field-circuit and analytical methods are used. Using the FEM is presented an in-depth analysis of the phenomena at no-load and load indicating the reasons for increasing losses at the load conditions. Additionally, improved analytical method was employed to calculate the curves of stray losses versus load power. The results for no-load losses, stray losses and efficiency are compared with the measurements and good agreement was obtained for both field-circuit and analytical method. The change of stray losses versus output power was compared with formula proposed by IEC 60034-2-1 standard. The assigned values of stray load loss were found to be generally lower than average test result for motor with rated power below 18.5 kW and generally higher for motors with bigger rated power. In situations where a fixed value of stray load losses may be required the obtained curves can be used.

Multisubunit protein complexes are ubiquitous in biology and perform a plethora of essential functions. Most of the scientific literature treats such assemblies as static: their function is assumed to be independent of their manner of assembly, and their structure is assumed to remain intact until they are degraded. Recent observations of the bacterial flagellar motor, among others, bring these notions into question. The torque-generating stator units of the motor assemble and disassemble in response to changes in load. Here, we used electrorotation to drive tethered cells forward, which decreases motor load, and measured the resulting stator dynamics. No disassembly occurred while the torque remained high, but all of the stator units were released when the motor was spun near the zero-torque speed. When the electrorotation was turned off, so that the load was again high, stator units were recruited, increasing motor speed in a stepwise fashion. A model in which speed affects the binding rate and torque affects the free energy of bound stator units captures the observed torque-dependent stator assembly dynamics, providing a quantitative framework for the environmentally regulated self-assembly of a major macromolecular machine.

In this paper the calculated impedance values of the short-circuit loop at the typical 10/0.4 kV substation are presented. By means of Matlab/Simulink modeling the farthest location of the motor load is defined for which the motor feed to the fault at substation should be considered.

The network reconfiguration of a vessel power system (VPS) is one of the most important approaches to restore its power supply and improve its survivability. The current research on the reconfiguration mainly focuses on the selection and optimisation of recovery paths, with little consideration of the influence of recovery time series. The limited capacity of the VPS, many loads of the motor load and large starting current have a great impact on the electric-energy quality of the power system. Therefore, the different recovery time series will affect the system performance and the recovery rate. The effect of the different recovery time series on the network reconfiguration and fault control has been analysed through the simulation of target network to determine the corresponding relationship between the residual power-supply capacity, the load recovery time series and the recovery rate, which can provide the basis of studying an optimal recovery strategy.

Beam pumping units are the main production modes in the oilfield oil recovery process. As the power-driven equipment is driven by larger electrical power of the pumping motor, the high energy cost problem is widespread and hard to solve. The motor working efficiency is difficult to accurately match to the complex dynamic loads, as the relationship between the motor driven torque and dynamic loads is hard to master precisely, and the accurate calculation of some important variables cannot be effectively solved by the traditional mechanism modelling method. To solve this problem, in this paper, the dynamic changes of the polished rod loads are considered as the dynamic load changes of the beam pumping units and a serial hybrid model for the motor load torque is studied. Firstly, according to the working principles of the beam pumping units and the mechanism models of the pumping motor, belt pulley-gear box and four-bar linkage mechanism are respectively built. Secondly, for the underground frictions, a rough mechanism model based on the energy conservation equation is built first and then a data-driven soft sensor model is adopted to obtain the dynamic fluid levels instead of an off-line measurement, which uses a C index based on the on-line verification method to prevent the over-fitting in data-driven modelling process. Through the research of this article, a serial hybrid model is proposed to build the dynamic relationship between the pumping motor load torque and the polished rod loads, the underground frictions can be taken as a dynamic variable related to the time and the down-hole dynamic fluid level can be obtained by an on-line calculation. The proposed hybrid modelling method is applied to four normal oil wells, and comparisons between the simulation results and the actual test results verify its effectiveness.

It is shown in this paper that knowledge of the spatially measured temperatures inside the refining zone in TMP refiners is essential in describing non-linear dynamics of high consistency refining. By expanding the pulp and handsheet properties using piece-wise linear functions into the time domain, an auto-regressive model can be applied to verify that the tempera-ture and the consistency profiles, in combination with the motor load and production rate, are key input candidates when modeling changes in different pulp properties. The model accuracy is analyzed using process information captured at different time and operating conditions. It is also shown that it is more complex to estimate and validate the tensile index than the mean fiber length and Somerville shives content, especially close to refiner operating limits where a shift in the process gain may occur. This type of switched dynamics in tensile index estimation at a specific consistency is related to non-linear behaviors where the fiber pad distribution most likely undergoes a local collapse.

To achieve high surface flatness of silicon wafer in double-sided polishing (DSP) process, kinematical model of DSP process utilizing accurate friction coefficient between wafer and polishing pad was investigated. On the basis of the proposed analytical model, optimization method of a set of rotation conditions of upper/lower platens and inner/outer gears was developed. Optimizations for two types of DSP processes were performed as case study and those results confirmed that the developed optimization method was effective in obtaining the appropriate rotation conditions for achieving high surface flatness of wafer while decreasing the motor load of platens and gears.

The traditional motor speed control method is to use PID controller to adjust it, but the accuracy and anti-interference ability of its control effect are difficult to be guaranteed. Because the side effects of its error selection, “weighted sum” strategy may not be the best and integral feedback. In the case of motor load variation, this paper presents a control method based on Fuzzy PID controller. The simulation model of PMSM (permanent-magnet synchronous motor) is built in Matlab / Simulink. The simulation experiment shows that the fuzzy PID controller has higher accuracy and anti-interference ability than the classical double closed-loop PID vector control in PMSM vector control.

By some industry estimates over 80% of hydraulically fractured land wells in North America employ the plug-and-perf method for zonal isolation. The dominant method for composite frack plug removal is through the deployment of a tubing conveyed hydraulically powered motor, or workover motor (WOM), to mechanically drill through plugs and remove the debris from the wellbore. Over 90% of Thru-Tubing Intervention (TTI) service companies provide to its customers is the application of WOMs to remove composite frack plugs. The effects of a mechanical failure in one of these motors during drillout operations is costly to both the customer and the respective service company. In many cases, a mechanical failure can cost several days of non-productive time (NPT) and more than double the financial burden of a drillout operation for both parties. A need was identified to validate traditional industry assumptions and refine drillout procedures by measuring and analyzing loads experienced by WOMs during live operations. The purpose of this project is to measure and analyze the actual forces experienced by a WOM downhole during a live coil tubing conveyed drillout operation in order to experimentally prove or disprove industry tribal knowledge regarding the effects of traditional drilling parameters and procedures on downhole equipment and operational efficiency. The project involves the use of a data logging sub capable of measuring these forces in the bottom-hole-assembly (BHA). By examining the collected data; patterns and trends will be identified which give insight the most efficient procedures and drilling parameters as well as validate whether equipment is being utilized within operational limits under traditional assumptions. Additionally, the collected data could be used to identify additional opportunities to further improve the design, manufacturing, maintenance and operation of WOMs to meet the evolving challenges of drillout operations involving increased lateral lengths and stage counts. These improvements to plug drilling procedures will reduce risk, operational time, and cost at the well site as well as internal cost associated with repairing and investigating potential mechanical failures that arise from operating WOMs beyond their limits. Future operations that include the measurement of downhole forces will enable even greater advancements in product reliability across the TTI product portfolio to further reduce the risk of additional time and financial costs to service companies and their customers.

Based on the lessons learned from the accident at Fukushima NPP, many countries prepared and carried out the mitigation strategies to cope with ELAP accidents. This paper analyzed one of the coping strategy for ELAP, which is the operation of mobile DG and its pump loads. In case of mobile DG operation, the voltage and frequency of Class 1E 4.16kV safety bus could be oscillated by motor starting current, when the motor pumps connect to Class-1E 4.16kV safety bus in sequence. Thus, this paper reviewed the voltage and frequency dynamic responses of Class 1E 4.16kV safety bus and verify the adequacy of the mobile DG operation and motor pumps starting, according to the assumed ELAP coping scenarios. This paper found that the large capacity motor load starts later, it could cause the vulnerable conditions, such as motor staring failure, motor loads trip, motor mechanical stress, etc.