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Objective: To assess the effect of newborn care education programs on mothers' self‐confidence, care knowledge, and exclusive breastfeeding behavior and anxiety. Methods: We searched for intervention studies comparing newborn care education programs versus standard care for mothers in five comprehensive databases (July 2024). The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool. The R software version 4.2.2 software was used to perform the meta‐analysis on mothers' self‐confidence, care knowledge, exclusive breastfeeding behavior, and anxiety, and the GRADE approach was used to evaluate the certainty of evidence. Results: Twenty trials involving 6136 mothers were included. The results of meta‐analysis revealed that newborn care education program improved mothers' confidence scores (SMD = 1.25, 95% CI: [0.22, 2.28], p < 0.05), care knowledge level scores (SMD = 1.05, 95% CI: [–0.00, 2.09], p < 0.05), the frequency of exclusive breastfeeding (RR = 1.15, 95% CI: [1.10, 1.20], p < 0.05), and significantly decreased anxiety scores (SMD = –0.40, 95% CI: [–0.73, –0.07], p < 0.05) than standard care programs. Conclusion: Our evidence supports the benefits of newborn care education programs in improving mothers' self‐confidence, care knowledge, exclusive breastfeeding behavior (optimal duration of more than 6 months), and reducing anxiety. Newborn care education program is beneficial to mothers both in behaviors and psychology state of taking care of newborn. It is recommended conducting more well‐designed intervention with large samples to verify current findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Aim Study Design Results Conclusion Relevance to Clinical Practice Upon discharge, very low birth weight infants pose significant caregiving challenges for families. Family resilience is vital for managing stress and adapting to this new situation. However, research focussing on the resilience of families with premature infants returning home has been limited. Understanding these factors is crucial for improving care quality.To investigate the influence of family resilience on very low birth weight (VLBW) and extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants, specifically examining social support, family functioning and parenting stress at 3 and 6 months of corrected age.In this longitudinal study, we collected data from two medical centres in Northern Taiwan through convenience sampling. From December 2019 to September 2020, 51 mothers of VLBW or ELBW infants (birth weight = 540–1490 g) were included; they were assessed at 3 and 6 months of corrected age. The mothers completed questionnaires measuring family resilience, social support, family functioning and parenting stress. The data were analysed through multiple linear regression.At 3 and 6 months of corrected age, the mothers demonstrated moderate‐to‐high levels of family resilience. The family resilience levels demonstrated no significant differences between the two follow‐ups. Social support and parenting stress strongly predicted family resilience levels at both follow‐ups.This study sheds light on the crucial role of family resilience in coping with challenges during this critical period.Nursing professionals' early recognition and support for family resilience can ensure post‐discharge well‐being for premature infants and their families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Often noted in educational scholarship is Latinx/a/o students' experiences of racism that they encounter from peers, faculty, and staff within college contexts. Less discussed, however, are the persistent long-term effects of everyday, racist messages on Latinx/a/o students they received in PreK–12 years and how these forms of marginalization in turn affect how they navigate through college. Using a narrative methodological approach and Latino critical race theory as a framework, we centered the experiences of 12 Latina college students to investigate this question. Findings revealed how these Latinas' experiences of racism in PreK–12 were shaped by interactions involving family, relying upon their mothers' teachings in the process. However, when they transitioned to college, their understandings of racism as previously informed by their mothers evolved and became more complex. We then provide implications for practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Motherhood is a complex process filled with boundless love, responsibility, and countless joys that can bring significant challenges, particularly when the number of children in a family increase. In the ever-evolving landscape of motherhood, it is crucial to recognize the various external factors contributing to parenting stress. Modern mothers not only struggle with the complexities of parenting but also face external pressures, such as societal expectations and the relentless pursuit of work-life balance. This research study aims to explore and observe the specific situations and problems that encountered of the Mother with Many Children including the lived experiences particularly; (1) to discuss the lived experiences of Mother with Many Children (2) to discover the challenges faced by Mother with Many Children (3) to identify the coping mechanisms of Mother with Many Children. With the use of Thematic Analysis (TA), the study findings are the following; (1) Mother with many children despite the hardship and fatigue they are facing still loves the responsibility of being a Mother with Many Children (2) Mother with Many Children are facing and experiencing parental stress wherein these individuals tend to question themselves "anong kulang, ginawa ko naman na ang lahat." Other than that they also struggle when it comes to finances including; bills, shool and their everyday expenses. (3) Lastly, despite the situation and experiences that they had, Mother with many children had coping strategies despite all the sacrifices, burnouts and stress they are facing whenever they see their children all together, their stress, fatigue and restlessness nights are already paid off. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The World Health Organization has recognized maternal mental illness as an emerging issue. Previous studies have indicated that maternal mental illness is associated with socioeconomic status (SES). However, there is a lack of research concerning the mental health of pregnant people with low SES in Ontario, Canada. In this study, we examined associations between mental health conditions during pregnancy and two SES indicators: the pregnant person's residential neighbourhood income and education level. Methods: A population-based retrospective cohort study was conducted, consisting of all singleton pregnancies resulting in stillbirths or live births in Ontario hospitals from April 1, 2012, to March 31, 2021. Data were linked from the BORN Information System database, Canadian Institute for Health Information Discharge Abstract Database, and Canadian Census. Poisson regression with robust error variance models was performed to estimate the relative risks of anxiety, depression, anxiety and/or depression, or any mental health condition during pregnancy, by SES indicator. We adjusted for maternal age, obesity status in pre-pregnancy, certain pre-existing maternal health conditions, substance use during pregnancy, race, and rural or urban residence. Results: Within the cohort (n = 1,202,292), 10.5% (126,076) and 8.1% (97,135) of pregnant individuals experienced anxiety and depression, respectively, and 15.8% (189,616) had at least one mental health condition during pregnancy. The trend test (p < 0.0001) showed a significant downward trend in the total rates of mental health conditions by increasing SES quintiles. Pregnant individuals in the lowest neighbourhood income quintile tended to have a higher risk of anxiety (aRR: 1.24, 95%CI: 1.22–1.27), depression (aRR: 1.56, 95%CI: 1.52–1.59), anxiety and/or depression (aRR: 1.13, 95%CI: 1.11–1.15), or any mental health condition (aRR: 1.18, 95%CI: 1.16–1.19). Similarly, pregnant people living in the lowest education level neighbourhoods had higher likelihoods of anxiety (aRR: 1.66, 95%CI: 1.62–1.69), depression (aRR: 2.09, 95%CI: 2.04–2.14), anxiety and/or depression (aRR: 1.42, 95%CI: 1.39–1.44), and any mental health condition (aRR: 1.41, 95%CI: 1.38–1.43). Conclusions: Despite a universal healthcare system, the variations in mental health prevalence and risk during pregnancy based on SES suggest health inequity in Ontario, Canada. Future studies are needed to examine the mechanisms of this health inequity to guide policy makers in reducing disparities in Ontario. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, it was aimed to examine the adaptation processes of individuals with intellectual disabilities and their mothers to COVID-19 restrictions. The research was designed in qualitative research method and focus group interview technique was used. The mothers of individuals with intellectual disabilities constitute the participant group of the study. A semi-structured interview form consisting of eight questions prepared by the researchers was used as a data collection tool. Data were collected through two focus group interviews via Zoom link. The data obtained were analyzed by content analysis method. As a result of the research, four themes were reached: "Life Before the Pandemic", "Encountering the Pandemic", "Effects of the Pandemic", and "Facilitation in the Adaptation Process to the Pandemic". As a result, although COVID-19 restrictions led to the regression of some skills of individuals with intellectual disabilities, it created an opportunity for them to develop new interests. In addition, although there were supports that facilitated the pandemic process, it was determined that mothers needed even more psychological support during this period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Preterm newborns face many health problems due to their incomplete intrauterine development and the immaturity of their systems. One of these problems concerns nutrition. This study aimed to determine the effect of online kangaroo care (KC) training provided post‐discharge on breastfeeding self‐efficacy in mothers with preterm infants. Methods: This research was conducted as an experimental study with a randomised control group. Two groups were formed: kangaroo care and control. The sample of the study consisted of 68 mothers of preterm infants. The mothers in the KC group were given online KC training after discharge from the hospital. The mothers were asked to perform KC regularly, at least once a day, for 20 min, 7 days a week. The Breastfeeding Self‐Efficacy Scale was administered to the mothers before and after training. Results: The results of the study revealed that the difference between the pre‐test and post‐test breastfeeding self‐efficacy scores was statistically significantly higher among the mothers who received online KC training compared with the controls (p < 0.001). Conclusion: According to the results of our research carried out in this context, the mothers who received online KC training had increased breastfeeding self‐efficacy compared to those in the control group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Parent–adolescent emotion dynamics have attracted increasing attention in recent years because adolescence is a challenging period for both adolescents and parents. However, how emotions are coconstructed between parents and adolescents is less clear. This study examined whether mothers' and adolescents' emotion regulation strategy was linked with their own and each other's depression using the actor–partner interdependence model (APIM). The participants were 173 mother–adolescent pairs (Mother: Mage = 43.05 years old, SD = 3.78; Adolescent: Mage = 13.00 years old, SD = 0.90). The results showed that the more mothers used cognitive reappraisal, the lower their depression levels were; and the more mothers and adolescents used expressive suppression, the higher their levels of depression were. Additionally, maternal expressive suppression was associated with adolescent depressive symptoms. Moreover, the results revealed that for mothers with higher levels of expressive suppression, their adolescents' usage of expressive suppression was significantly positively related to adolescents' depression, while for those mothers with lower levels of expressive suppression, there was no significant correlation between adolescents' usage of expressive suppression and depression. The findings underscore the significance of recognising the interdependence and interconnected nature of emotions within parent–adolescent relationships for a comprehensive understanding of their emotional well‐being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has been suggested that a 30–50 % lithium dose reduction or lithium discontinuation 24-48 h before delivery could minimize neonatal complications. We investigated the maternal lithemia changes around delivery after a brief discontinuation, the placental transfer of lithium at delivery, and the association between neonatal lithemia at delivery and acute neonatal outcomes. A retrospective observational cohort study was conducted in a teaching hospital (November/2006-December/2018). Data was extracted from the medical records. We included psychopathologically stable women, with a singleton pregnancy, treated with lithium in late pregnancy, with at least one maternal and neonatal lithemia at delivery. Lithium was discontinued 12 h before a scheduled caesarean section or induction, or at admission day to hospital birth; and restarted 6-12 h post. Sixty-six mother-infant pairs were included, and 226 maternal and 66 neonatal lithemias were obtained. We found slight maternal lithemia fluctuations close to 0.20 mEq/L, and early postpartum relapse of 6 %. The mean (SD) umbilical cord/mother intrapartum lithemia ratio was 1.10 (0.17). Fifty-six percent of neonates presented transient acute complications. Neonatal hypotonia was the most frequent outcome (N = 15). Mean lithemia were 0.178 mEq/L higher in those with hypotonia than in those without (p = 0.028). It is a retrospective cohort of a moderate sample size of healthy uncomplicated pregnancies and results cannot be generalized to all pregnant treated with lithium. Lithium transfers completely across the placenta. A brief predelivery lithium discontinuation was associated with slight maternal lithemia fluctuations. Neonates exposed intrautero to lithium present frequent but transient acute effects. • Lithium completely equilibrates across the placenta, both in mono and polytherapy • A brief peripartum discontinuation is associated with slight lithemia fluctuations. • Neonatal lithemia at delivery is associated with transient neonatal complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Parenting self-efficacy (PSE) is an important factor in children's development. Mothers' PSE tends to be the lowest 1 month postpartum. A common measure of PSE is the Parenting Sense of Competence (PSOC) scale. However, no existing scale measures the PSE of Japanese mothers with newborns. Therefore, this study developed a Japanese version of the PSOC scale for mothers 1 month postpartum (Study 1) and investigated the structure of their PSE (Study 2). Methods: In Study 1, data were collected from mothers 1 month postpartum from April to October 2017, and an exploratory factor analysis was performed on their PSOC scores. In Study 2, data were collected from mothers 1 month postpartum from January to September 2022. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted of the Japanese PSOC scale developed in Study 1 to investigate the structure of the participants' PSE 1 month postpartum. Results: In Study 1, a 2-factor (Efficacy and Satisfaction) 12-item Japanese PSOC scale was obtained after deleting four items because of low factor loadings. In Study 2, the model showed an acceptable fit. The Japanese PSOC (12 items) had a moderate positive correlation with Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale and the Maternal Attachment Inventory and a moderate negative correlation with the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale. Furthermore, mothers whose children had siblings (versus no siblings) and mothers with three children (versus two children) had significantly higher PSOC scores. Conclusions: We developed a reliable and valid Japanese version of the PSOC for mothers 1 month postpartum and revealed the structure of their PSE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Objectives: Cerebral palsy (CP) affects a substantial number of children, particularly in low- and middle-income countries such as Bangladesh. Maternal health literacy is critical to the health and well-being of children with CP, particularly in low-resource settings. In this study, we sought to assess how the mPower (mother's power) community-based intervention impacted mothers' CP-specific knowledge, as well as their utilization of rehabilitation services in rural Bangladesh. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted with a group of mothers of children with CP, formed through the ongoing initiatives of the Bangladesh CP Register in rural Bangladesh. A pre-post-intervention comparison method was used to assess the outcomes of the intervention. Results: Mothers who participated in over two-thirds of the mPower sessions demonstrated a significant increase in CP-related knowledge (75.5% vs. 63.6%, p = 0.04). Additionally, mothers who attended two-thirds of the mPower sessions utilized rehabilitation services more often compared to those who attended fewer sessions (55.3% vs. 22.6%, p < 0.001). Conclusions: The mPower intervention successfully improved health literacy and likely increased rehabilitation service utilization among mothers of children with CP in rural Bangladesh. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Aceh province is one of the Indonesian provinces with the highest prevalence of stunting. Many factors contribute to this situation, including maternal knowledge. Although many studies have been conducted in Indonesia, literature exploring the correlation between stunting, mothers’ knowledge of stunting, and nutritional care in the Aceh province is limited. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the correlation between mothers’ knowledge of stunting, nutritional care, and the prevalence of stunting. Methods: This study utilized a quantitative paradigm and a cross-sectional design. The participants were 90 mothers selected by purposive sampling technique at Neuheun village, a village with the highest stunting prevalence in Aceh Besar Regency. The data was collected using a questionnaire measuring the mothers’ knowledge of stunting and nutrition care. In addition, secondary data was collected based on the anthropometric measurements of the children from the local community health center. Results: The findings suggest a significant correlation between maternal knowledge and stunting prevalence (p-value=0.003), as well as a significant correlation between nutrition care knowledge and stunting prevalence (p-value<0.001). Conclusions: This study concludes a significant correlation between mothers’ knowledge, nutritional care, and the prevalence of stunting in children at Neuheun Village, Aceh Besar Regency. Such findings underscore the imperative for concerted efforts among stakeholders to enhance maternal understanding of stunting and promote optimal nutritional care practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Macrosomia is a forgotten health problem that directly or indirectly affects maternal and neonatal health outcomes. There is a lack of evidence on the factors that affect macrosomia in eastern Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess the determinants of macrosomia among newborns delivered in Jigjiga City, Eastern Ethiopia. Methods: An institutional-based case-control study was conducted among 82 cases and 164 controls in Jigjiga City from June 25 to August 24, 2023. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression were used to identify the determinants of macrosomia. An adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval was used to report the strength of the association, and the statistical significance was declared at a p-value < 0.05. Results: This study found that lack of preconception care (AOR = 2.48, 95% CI: 1.29, 4.76); post-term pregnancy (AOR = 2.90, 95% CI: 1.16, 7.28); inadequate physical activity (AOR = 3.52, 95% CI: 1.55, 7.98), having previous macrosomia (AOR = 4.52, 95% CI: 2.18, 9.36), and gestational diabetic mellitus (AOR = 2.58, 95% CI: 1.10, 6.28) were the main risk factors of macrosomia. Conclusion: This study indicated that failed utilization of preconception care, inadequate physical activity during pregnancy, post-term pregnancy, gestational diabetic mellitus, and having previous macrosomia were the risk factors for fetal macrosomia. Encouraging women to utilize reproductive health services and providing special care for high-risk mothers are essential to reducing and preventing the level of fetal macrosomia and its consequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cognitive impairment and attention deficit disorder have been on the rise among generations in recent times. A significant portion of the brain involved in learning and cognition is the hippocampus. Its development begins in utero till weaning. The mother's body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy indicates her health; however, little data links maternal BMI before pregnancy to fetal hippocampal health outcomes. Aim: The study aimed to estimate the extent to which pre-pregnancy maternal BMI relates to their offspring brain status, and thus to what extent to this stage of life may be an opportunity for mental and cognitive development. Methods: Thirty-six naive female albino rats (Rattus norvegicus) at 8 weeks of age with an average weight of 190-220 g body weight were obtained and assigned to three experimental groups according to their body mass index into; under-, over-, and normal weight. Following one week of habituation, all females were allowed to mate (3 female/1 male). On postnatal day 1 (PND1), pups were randomly adjusted to 8/dam with an equal gender ratio. On 15 days postpartum, all pups were sacrificed. Hippocampi were removed and processed for histological investigations, Glial fibrillary acidic protein immunohistochemically, and flow cytometric assessments of apoptosis. Measurements of the cognitive brain were carried out. Results: The present findings manifested elevation in the inflammatory and apoptotic markers in the hippocampus of underweight mothers-offspring yielding a lower cognitive ability than overweight mothers-offspring compared to those whose mothers with normal weight before conception. The male offspring were more affected than female offspring especially those born to pre-pregnancy underweight mothers. Conclusion: The study concluded that there may be a connection between a mother's pre-pregnancy BMI and her offspring's cognitive capacities, which calls for more study to gain a deeper knowledge and to create interventions that target the physical health of the mother prior to pregnancy in order to enhance their offspring's health and cognitive outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the correlation between social media usage, sharenting practices (sharing parenting-related content on social media), and psychological well-being among 130 mothers whose children visited Baskent University Hospital between April 2020 and January 2021. The participants completed an online questionnaire that assessed their social media usage, sharenting practices on Instagram, as well as their levels of depression, life satisfaction, and psychological resilience. Additionally, the researchers created an Instagram account and followed the mothers' social media activities. The findings revealed that Instagram was the most commonly used social media platform, with mothers using it an average of 5.8 times per day and spending an average of 75 min per day on the platform. Sharing privacy-violating photos of their children was positively correlated with the mothers' own depressive symptoms (r = 0.285, p < 0.01) and negatively correlated with their life satisfaction (r =−0.274, p < 0.01). Similarly, sharing children's photos containing identifiable information was positively correlated with mothers' depressive symptoms (r = 0.373, p < 0.01) and negatively correlated with their life satisfaction (r =−0.282, p = 0.001). These findings indicate a significant relationship between social media usage, sharenting practices, and the psychological well-being of mothers. The study underscores the importance of raising awareness about the potential risks associated with social media use, particularly among mothers who engage in sharenting practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are no established diagnostic criteria for neonatal vitamin A deficiency (VAD), and applying adult VAD criteria to neonates may overestimate the neonatal VAD rate. This study aimed to evaluate neonatal vitamin A (VA) status and redefine thresholds for neonatal VA adequacy and deficiency based on maternal VA nutrition. A cross‐sectional study involving 1901 mother–neonate pairs was conducted in Chongqing, China. VA nutritional status was assessed by measuring serum VA levels and dietary VA intake from the third trimester to birth. The VAD rates of maternal dietary intake and serum were 27.091% and 23.356%, respectively, while 88.8% of neonates had serum VA levels < 0.70 μmol/L, the threshold for adult VAD. Neonatal VA levels were significantly lower than maternal levels. All neonates were healthy, with no clinical signs of VAD. Neonatal VA levels correlated positively with maternal VA levels. The threshold for neonatal VA adequacy was estimated to be ≥ 0.489 (95%CI: 0.464–0.512) μmol/L when maternal VA nutrition was adequate, and the 2.5th percentile of VA levels among all neonates was 0.192 μmol/L, predicting neonatal VAD. The study concluded that neonatal VAD rates might be overestimated, as most neonates received adequate VA from their mothers. Maternal VA status is a reliable predictor of neonatal VA status due to their close relationship. This study offers a new perspective on prenatal nutrition for determining neonatal VA adequacy and deficiency thresholds and developing neonatal VA supplementation programs. Further research is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coverage levels of maternal and neonatal health services in Mali's major cities vary due to the combined effect of several factors, including poverty and migration to urban centers. This worsened from 2012 due to the security crisis. We conducted an analysis of the trends and differences in several indicators of maternal and neonatal care coverage in Bamako using secondary data from Mali's Demographic and Health Surveys from 2001 to 2018. Our results highlighted differential access to antenatal and childbirth care for non-poor and non-migrant women compared to their counterparts categorized as poor and migrant. The gaps were much larger depending on migration status (i.e., number of years since resettling in Bamako) and even tended to increase over time. This was particularly the case regarding the number of antenatal visits (ANC 4+), with differences according to poverty level at 7 percentage points in 2001 and 8.3 percentage points in 2018. Migration status showed even larger gaps to the disadvantage of migrant women of 13.4 percentage points (2006) and 24.4 percentage points (2018). There is a higher proportion of cesarean section among non-poor women. The results suggested an opposite pattern for postnatal care of newborns, with a difference of 6.8 percentage points of coverage in favor of the poor in 2018. The high coverage of maternal and newborn health interventions in Bamako city conceals intra-urban disparities to the detriment of poor migrant women and those who recently migrated to the city, partly due to the conflicts and security issues. A redefinition of health programs to include such targets would be desirable from an equity perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To investigate sleep duration and sleep loss during antenatal period and assess associative factors, including maternal characteristic and mood symptoms. Methods: A cohort of 3038 women was enrolled. Self-reported sleep duration and sleep loss, the latter being calculated from preferred sleep need and actual sleep duration, were measured in early, mid- and late pregnancy, and at delivery. The associations with age, BMI, parity, education, smoking, napping, and depressive and anxiety symptoms were evaluated. Results: Sleep duration was longest in early pregnancy and shortest at delivery (7.93 h–7.76 h, p < 0.001). The proportion of short sleepers (< 6 h) increased from 1.4% to 5.9% throughout the studied period (p < 0.001). Mean sleep loss remained stable in early- and mid-pregnancy, lowering in late pregnancy (p < 0.001) and increasing again until delivery (p = 0.003). The number of women with notable sleep loss (> 2 h) was similar during the first three measurement points (9.4%, 8.9% and 9.5%), but increased until delivery (14.1%, p < 0.001). Older, multiparous, and more-depressive women slept less (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.017). Women with higher BMI were more likely to sleep < 6 h in late pregnancy (p = 0.012). Multiparous, more-depressive, and higher-BMI women reported more sleep loss (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.049). Conclusion: We confirmed earlier reported decrease in sleep duration at the end of pregnancy. As a novel finding, we showed a notable increase in sleep loss during the last month of pregnancy. Various factors were associated with both short sleep and sleep loss, especially multiparity, napping and depressive symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to describe the experiences of ventilator-dependent children (VDC) in adjusting to school life from the perspectives of their mothers. This study employed a descriptive phenomenological approach. From July 2021 to September 2022, ten mothers of VDC were recruited via purposive sampling and underwent in-depth individual interviews. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi's phenomenological method. This study adheres to the COREQ guidelines for qualitative study. Four themes emerged: (1) the transition and burden of the mother's role; (2) positive adjustment and assessment of resources; (3) develop strategies to meet health and learning needs; (4) expectations for accessible school environments. The mothers extensively assessed and adjusted their coping strategies on a rolling basis to ensure that their children received the resources that met their individual needs, promoted peer interactions, and helped adjustment to school life. The children's improvement and progress surpassed their mothers' expectations and demonstrated the benefits of a school education. Future educational settings should focus on building accessible school environments for special needs children. These findings allow healthcare professionals to assess the needs of VDC at different educational levels and create care plans that meet their healthcare and educational needs. This study also provides a reference for amending policies and regulations on individualized educational programs for VDC and developing guidelines for realizing accessible school environments to help them adjust to school life. • Describe the health and education needs and required resources of the VDC in adjusting to school life. • Mothers collaborated with school staff to ensure VDC gained health and education resources. • It's vital to create accessible school environments that meet the requirements of VDC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted to determine the relationship between mothers' phubbing behaviors and the parental role. The study was conducted as a cross-sectional correlational design with the mothers of 340 babies hospitalized in the pediatric clinics of a training and research hospital in Çorum between March 2023 and September 2023. An introductory information form, the Generic Scale of Phubbing and the Self-Perception of Parental Scale were used in the study. Mothers filled out the data collection forms face to face within 15-20 minutes. It was found that the mean age was 29.65 ± 4.38 years, the mean hours of using social media per day was 6.86 ± 1.64, and the mean hours spent with the baby was 20.40 ± 3.78 for mothers. There was a negative relationship between The Generic Scale of Phubbing- Interpersonal Conflict sub-dimension mean score (−0.264; <0.001), Problem Acknowledgement sub-dimension mean score (−0.118; 0.030) and total mean score (−0.145; 0.007) with the Self-Perception of Parental Scale-Competence sub-dimension mean score. This study found a relationship between mothers' phubbing behavior and their parental roles. It suggests investigating this important issue with different variables. Pediatric nurses can provide training to reduce mothers' phubbing behaviors or develop practices to change phubbing behaviors. • This study provides information on mothers' phubbing behaviors, parental role and the relationship between them. • Social media usage of mothers was determined 6.86 ± 1.64 hours per day. • It was found that as mother phubbing increased, their perception of competence in the parenting role decreased. • Pediatric nurses should educate mothers about the risks that may arise as a result of smartphone use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Background: Mothers of high‐risk neonates experience tremendous stress during neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission. This stress has a negative impact on mothers' participation in neonatal care activities, psychological health and coping skills in the NICU. Objective: To determine the impact of interventional strategies to reduce maternal stress and enhance coping skills during neonatal admission to the NICU. Design: A scoping review was carried out following the methodological framework outlined by Arksey and O'Malley. Methods: This scoping review was conducted as per the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines, including a quality appraisal checklist for randomised and nonrandomised controlled trials. Patterns, advances, gaps, evidence for practice and research recommendations from the review (PAGER framework) were used to report the results. The following international databases were used to search for primary articles: Medline via PubMed, EBSCOhost via CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science and the ProQuest Medical Library. Original studies published in English between January 2011 and January 2023 from low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs) that assessed maternal stress and coping skills during neonatal NICU admission were included in the review. Results: The review included 15 articles from LMICs, of which 60% were from middle‐income, 25% were from lower‐middle‐income and 15% were from low‐income countries. Interventional strategies were described under five categories. Maternal stress decreased significantly across all three subscales of the PSPS: 'sight and sound', 'baby looks and behavior' and 'parental relationship with baby and role alteration' during neonatal NICU admission. Interventional strategies involving family‐centred care and emotional and psychological supportive care have been reported to have a consistently positive impact on alleviating maternal stress and enhancing coping skills in the NICU. Conclusion: Healthcare professionals, especially nurses, are pivotal in promptly recognising maternal stress and NICU stressors. The participation of mothers in neonatal care, such as through family‐centred care and emotional support interventions, significantly reduces maternal stress and enhances coping skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The presence of chronic illnesses in both a mother and a child poses a significant challenge for mothers in managing these conditions, yet how maternal attitudes adapt to dual illness remains poorly understood. This study aims to explore parenting styles in families dealing with mother–child chronic illnesses. Methods: Mothers of children aged 2–6 were recruited from three pediatric clinics and categorized based on the health status of both the mother and the child. Data collection included case files and the Parental Attitude Scale (PAS), which assessed democratic, authoritarian, overprotective, and permissive attitudes. The interaction between mother–child health status and higher levels of parental subscales was analyzed using the chi-square test. Multiple logistic regression analysis was then performed to evaluate this interaction, controlling for confounding baseline characteristics. Results: In total, 878 mother–child pairs were included. Mothers exhibited varying attitudes based on education, employment, and the child's age. Chronic illness in both mother and child and only the child having an illness were significantly associated with higher overprotective scores (p < 0.001). The percentage of mothers with high permissive scores was higher when only the mother had an illness and when both were healthy, compared to the case of both mother and child having an illness (p = 0.018). After adjusting for confounding factors, having a sick child showed a 1.6-fold increase in the likelihood of a high overprotective score, and both the mother and child having an illness showed a 2.94-fold increase. Similarly, after adjusting for the same confounding factors, the likelihood of a high permissive score was 2.56 times lower when both were ill compared to when both were healthy. Conclusions: This study reveals that when a child is affected by a chronic illness—whether or not the mother is also ill—mothers tend to exhibit higher levels of overprotection and lower levels of permissiveness, while their levels of authoritarianism and democratic attitudes in parenting remain relatively stable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background The World Health Organization has recognized maternal mental illness as an emerging issue. Previous studies have indicated that maternal mental illness is associated with socioeconomic status (SES). However, there is a lack of research concerning the mental health of pregnant people with low SES in Ontario, Canada. In this study, we examined associations between mental health conditions during pregnancy and two SES indicators: the pregnant person’s residential neighbourhood income and education level. Methods A population-based retrospective cohort study was conducted, consisting of all singleton pregnancies resulting in stillbirths or live births in Ontario hospitals from April 1, 2012, to March 31, 2021. Data were linked from the BORN Information System database, Canadian Institute for Health Information Discharge Abstract Database, and Canadian Census. Poisson regression with robust error variance models was performed to estimate the relative risks of anxiety, depression, anxiety and/or depression, or any mental health condition during pregnancy, by SES indicator. We adjusted for maternal age, obesity status in pre-pregnancy, certain pre-existing maternal health conditions, substance use during pregnancy, race, and rural or urban residence. Results Within the cohort (n = 1,202,292), 10.5% (126,076) and 8.1% (97,135) of pregnant individuals experienced anxiety and depression, respectively, and 15.8% (189,616) had at least one mental health condition during pregnancy. The trend test (p

The author analyzes mothers’ statements in selected Facebook discussion groups to investigate the categories WE and THEY in the mothers’ discourse on the Internet. The aim of the article is to analyze the collective identity of mothers – how they perceive themselves, how they perceive their social environment, who belongs to the mothers’ close and distant social context, and when THEY become hostile. The data analyzed, primarily includes texts in which the personal pronouns referring to the semantic categories WE and THEY (my ‘we’, nas ‘us’, oni ‘they’, ich ‘them’) appear. The analysis of the data from the two discussion groups has shown that there is no single distinct discourse of mothers but multiple discourses in which various factors, such as the group characteristics and the members’ interests, have an impact on their worldview and child rearing.

Background. Currently, there is an increase in the proportion of HIV-infected women of childbearing age. Infection can occur both before pregnancy, during pregnancy, and in the postpartum period. This creates risks of vertical transmission of the disease from mother to child. If infection of the mother occurs in the postpartum period against the background of lactation, the baby is infected through breast milk. Infants infected perinatally are delayed in development, suffer more often and more severely from opportunistic infections and oncological diseases, and their HIV infection rapidly progresses with the early development of immunodeficiency. Early diagnosis and perinatal prevention of infection are crucial.Objective. To analyze the clinical, epidemiological and laboratory features of acute HIV infection in a mother and perinatally infected infant.Materials and methods. We studied the medical records of an inpatient (form 003/y) and the results of our own clinical observation of the mother and baby who were treated at the Novokuznetsk City Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital.Results. A case of acute HIV infection in a mother and infant with clinical manifestations is presented. The mother was diagnosed for the first time 8 months after giving birth, the infection was associated with a change of sexual partner during lactation. The child was breastfed from birth. Symptoms of the disease in the child appeared 1 month after the onset of clinical manifestations in the mother, during the time when she stayed in the infectious diseases hospital. The child was diagnosed with HIV infection based on the detection of human immunodeficiency virus RNA in the blood.Conclusion. In the above observation, a vertical route of infection of an infant was realized through the breast milk of a mother infected through sexual contact. The established HIV status of the mother was the reason for testing the child for HIV. The existing risk of infection of women during lactation with subsequent infection of the child during breastfeeding poses the task of organizing their periodic screening for HIV.

Baby massage is a tactile stimulation on the surface of the baby's skin. In order to increase the baby's growth and development optimally, performing the baby massage activities needs good knowledge of the mother. The purpose of this study was to describe the level of knowledge of mothers about infant massage aged 0-12 months at private midwive practice Ni Kadek Kurniati, A.Md.Keb Pemogan, South Denpasar. This study used a descriptive method with a cross sectional design. The samples were 30 mothers who had babies aged 0-12 months who met the inclusion criteria. Primary data retrieval using a questionnaire. The results obtained were; most of the respondets are aged 20-35 years, have a high school education level and have of the sources of information obtained through health workers (83.33%; 60%, and 36.67%, respectively). Most mothers who have good knowledge were in the age range of 20-35, have a high school education level, and obtain knowledge from health workers (88%; 88.89%, and 100%, respectively). In conclusion, almost all respondents have good knowledge about baby massage. It is expected that mothers who have babies aged 0-12 months to further increase their knowledge so that they can apply the practice of baby massage at home independently and for health workers to better educate the public and strengthen counseling, training and information dissemination, especially through social media so that the information provided becomes appropriate. and right on target.

Background: Cognitive impairment and attention deficit disorder have been on the rise among generations in recent times. A significant portion of the brain involved in learning and cognition is the hippocampus. Its development begins in utero till weaning. The mother's body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy indicates her health; however, little data links maternal BMI before pregnancy to fetal hippocampal health outcomes. Aim: The study aimed to estimate the extent to which pre-pregnancy maternal body mass index (BMI) relates to their offspring brain status, and thus to what extent to this stage of life may be an opportunity for mental and cognitive development. Methods: Thirty-six naive female albino rats (Rattus norvegicus) at 8 weeks of age with average weight 190-220g body weight were obtained and assigned to three experimental groups according to their body mass index into; under-, over- and normal weight. Following one week of habituation, all females were allowed to mate (3 female/ 1 male). On postnatal day1, pups were randomly adjusted to 8/dam with equal gender ratio. On 15 day postpartum, all pups were sacrificed. Hippocampi were removed and processed for histological investigations, GFAP immunohistochemically and flow cytometric assessments of apoptosis. Measurements of cognitive brain were carried out. Results: The present findings manifested elevation in the inflammatory and apoptotic markers in the hippocampus of underweight mothers-offspring yielding a lower cognitive ability than overweight mothers-offspring compared to those whose mothers with normal weight before conception. The male offspring were more affected than female offspring especially those born to pre-pregnancy underweight mothers. Conclusion: The study concluded that there may be a connection between a mother's pre-pregnancy BMI and her offspring's cognitive capacities, which calls for more study to gain a deeper knowledge and to create interventions that target the physical health of the mother prior to pregnancy in order to enhance their offspring's health and cognitive outcomes. [Open Vet J 2024; 14(11.000): 2924-2935]

Background: Aceh province is one of the Indonesian provinces with the highest prevalence of stunting. Many factors contribute to this situation, including maternal knowledge. Although many studies have been conducted in Indonesia, literature exploring the correlation between stunting, mothers’ knowledge of stunting, and nutritional care in the Aceh province is limited. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the correlation between mothers’ knowledge of stunting, nutritional care, and the prevalence of stunting. Methods: This study utilized a quantitative paradigm and a cross-sectional design. The participants were 90 mothers selected by purposive sampling technique at Neuheun village, a village with the highest stunting prevalence in Aceh Besar Regency. The data was collected using a questionnaire measuring the mothers’ knowledge of stunting and nutrition care. In addition, secondary data was collected based on the anthropometric measurements of the children from the local community health center. Results: The findings suggest a significant correlation between maternal knowledge and stunting prevalence (p-value=0.003), as well as a significant correlation between nutrition care knowledge and stunting prevalence (p-value

Abstract Background Macrosomia is a forgotten health problem that directly or indirectly affects maternal and neonatal health outcomes. There is a lack of evidence on the factors that affect macrosomia in eastern Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess the determinants of macrosomia among newborns delivered in Jigjiga City, Eastern Ethiopia. Methods An institutional-based case-control study was conducted among 82 cases and 164 controls in Jigjiga City from June 25 to August 24, 2023. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression were used to identify the determinants of macrosomia. An adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval was used to report the strength of the association, and the statistical significance was declared at a p-value

This research employed a qualitative descriptive design to explore the reflections of grandmothers' caregiving on mothers' child care practices. Within the research framework, in-depth interviews were conducted with 21 mothers, whose children received or are receiving care from their own mothers or mothers-in-law. Following a thematic analysis of the acquired data, three prominent themes emerged: views on child rearing styles, challenges associated with grandmother care, and opportunities related to grandmother care. The results indicate variations in child-rearing styles between mothers and grandmothers, with instances of both alignment and divergence. While grandmother care poses multifaceted challenges to the mother, child or mother-child relationship, it concurrently affords opportunities for increased maternal-child bonding and enhanced comfort in the child care process for the mother. The research findings demonstrate the multidimensional nature of grandmother care process, underscoring the necessity for support mechanisms such as institutional trainings and social services to mitigate potential adverse reflections of this process. Future research could explore different dimensions and long-term reflections of grandmother care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Antenatal attachment is a fundamental concept relative to human transition to parenthood and may be influenced by several factors. The aim of this study is to find the best model to explain maternal antenatal attachment based on the interaction among sociodemographic, clinical, and psychological variables. Methods Pregnant women (N = 407) were interviewed during the second trimester of pregnancy while waiting for medical consultations. A sociodemographic, obstetric, and psychometric protocol was used. Statistical analyses: path analysis. Independent variables: psychopathological symptomatology, depression, anxiety, stress, occupational stress, attitudes about pregnancy and motherhood, coping styles, marital satisfaction, sociodemographic, and clinical variables. Dependent variables: maternal antenatal attachment in its several dimensions; quality of attachment (QA), intensity of preoccupation (IP), and global attachment (GA). Results Depression, anxiety, attitudes, and marital satisfaction explained 37% of maternal antenatal QA. Age, depression, anxiety, attitudes, and marital satisfaction explained 26% of maternal antenatal IP. Age, depression, anxiety, attitudes, and marital satisfaction explained 34% of the statistical variance of maternal antenatal GA. Conclusions Factors like emotional states (depression and anxiety), attitudes towards pregnancy and motherhood, marital satisfaction, and a sociodemographic variable (age) contribute significantly for the explanation of maternal antenatal attachment.

Background: Dysfunctional stress-coping styles may accelerate negative emotional self-efficacy in the mothers of preterm neonates. This study was conducted to determine the effect of applying problem-solving skills on stress-coping styles and emotional self-efficacy in mothers of preterm neonates.Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted from January 2020 to February 2021 in 4 neonatal intensive care units (NICU) of Mashhad, Iran. 60 mothers were selected using convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to control and intervention groups. The intervention group was divided into groups of 3-5 people to attend 6 sessions of at least 60 minutes held 3 times a week for two weeks and received training on problem-solving skills. The control group received routine care. Data were collected using demographic characteristic forms, problem-solving inventory, ways of Coping Questionnaire, and the emotional self-efficacy scale. The tools were initially filled out by both groups and re-completed at the end of the second week after the intervention and four weeks later. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 and the significance level of less than 0.05. Independent and paired t-test, Mann-Whitney, Chi-square, Fisher’s exact test, repeated measures, and Bonferroni post hoc test were used.Results: Analysis of variance with repeated measures showed that in the intervention group, there was an increase in the scores of problem-focused style (before: 37.9±6.3; immediately: 46.2±5.3; one month later: 47.5±5.6) (P

Abstract Background Adverse pregnancy outcomes have reached epidemic proportions in recent years with serious health ramifications, especially for diverse cancers risk. Therefore, we carried out an umbrella review to systematically evaluate the validity and strength of the data and the extent of potential biases of the established association between adverse pregnancy outcomes and cancers risk in both mother and offspring. Methods PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched from inception until 18 January 2024. Meta-analyses of observational studies investigating the relationship between adverse pregnancy outcomes and multiple cancers risk in both mother and offspring were included. Evidence certainty was assessed using Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation. The protocol for this umbrella review was prospectively registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023470544). Results The search identified 129 meta-analyses of observational studies and 42 types of cancer. Moderate certainty of evidence, exhibiting statistical significance, has been observed linking per kilogram increase in birth weight to a heightened risk of breast cancer (OR = 1.07, 95% CI = 1.02–1.12), prostate cancer (OR = 1.02, 95% CI = 1.00–1.05), leukemia (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.13–1.23), and acute lymphoblastic leukemia in offspring (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.12–1.23); rubella infection during pregnancy to an increased risk of leukemia in offspring (OR = 2.79, 95% CI = 1.16–6.71); and a linear dose–response association between an increase in the proportion of optimal birth weight and an elevated risk of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in offspring (OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.09–1.24), respectively. Conclusions Although some adverse pregnancy outcomes have clinically promising associations with risk of several cancers in both mother and offspring, it is essential to conduct additional research to solidify the evidence, evaluate causality, and ascertain clinical utility.

Background Developmental milestones are easily identifiable events during a child’s development, and their thorough monitoring is of utmost importance till 6 years of age. Rural mothers are rarely explained these milestones, which may be a reason for the higher prevalence of developmental disorders in rural areas (≊18%). This study aimed to assess the knowledge of developmental milestones in rural mothers attending a rural, tertiary care hospital and further provides intelligence to the mothers on the same. These measures will aid toward the early detection of developmental milestone anomalies. Method PNC mothers in the obstetric ward and mothers attending the pediatric outpatient department and inpatient department were selected for the study and assessed for their knowledge of childhood milestones with the help of a short questionnaire based on the Denver II Developmental Scale in three languages. Based on the feedback from mothers, the appropriate counseling was given. Results The questionnaire was assessed based on four basic domains, fine motor skills (23.33% responded correctly), personal and social skills (51.66% responded correctly), language skills (41.66% responded correctly), and gross motor skills (41.25% responded correctly). Upon later feedback, 33.33% reported a suspected developmental delay in their child. Conclusions This study indicates a very low maternal awareness of pediatric milestones in rural areas, and considering the high prevalence of developmental delays in these areas, across the world, education of mothers is a necessary and a very effective method for early diagnosis. Formulation of a framework to address this issue on the part of the authorities and healthcare professionals is an effective solution for this underreported and important issue.

Background and Objectives: Increasing psychological toughness through resilience training can help improve the mental and physical condition of mothers and ultimately improve the quality of family life. This study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of resilience training on the stubbornness of mothers with children with cancer who referred to Besat Medical Training Center in Hamadan. Materials and Methods: In this interventional study, 70 mothers with children with cancer were selected in the accessible way and were divided into two control and experimental groups by random assignment. In the test group, 9 sessions of 60-minute resilience training were held for mothers, one session every week at the Besat educational center in Hamadan. Immediately before and one month after the intervention, psychological toughness questionnaire was completed by the mothers. The data were analyzed with chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis, Fisher's exact test, t-test and pair t-test under spss version 23 software at a significance level of 0.05. Results: Intragroup comparison of psychological toughness before and after the intervention showed that this difference was significant in the test group (p=0.000), but not significant in the control group (p=0.350). The intergroup comparison of psychological toughness before and after the intervention in the test and control groups showed that this difference was not significant before the intervention (p=0.429), but after the intervention, this difference was significant (p=0.000). Conclusion: Resilience training is recommended to increase resilience and improve the mental and physical condition of mothers with children with cancer.

Background and Purpose: To attain sustainable development in the future, society requires healthy individuals, with particular emphasis on monitoring the health status of present-day children. Therefore, the present study investigated the most important predictors of nutritional behaviors in Iranian mothers of children under two years. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Nowshahr Health Center between January and July 2022. It involved 400 mothers with children aged 6 to 24 months, randomly selected in a cluster proportional to the volume. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire comprising 25 questions based on the TPB (attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and behavioral intention). The analysis was performed using SPSS software, version 22. Results: In this study, the Mean±SD of participating mothers ages was 25.3±0.92 years. The results showed that among the constructs of the TPB, perceived behavioral control and subjective norms were the most important predictors of healthy nutritional behaviors among mothers, with a change variance of 20%. Conclusion: The findings of this study have implications for health professionals, policymakers, and developers of educational and behavioral interventions aimed at developing healthy nutritional behaviors. In this regard, managing and utilizing favorable healthy nutritional behaviors among mothers could yield economic, social, and health benefits.

Abstract Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) is commonly used during C-section delivery and in Group B Streptococcus-positive women before vaginal delivery. Here, we primarily aimed to investigate the effect of IAP on the neonatal oral and fecal bacteriomes in the first week of life. In this preliminary study, maternal and neonatal oral swabs and neonatal fecal (meconium and transitional stool) swabs were selected from a pool of samples from healthy mother-neonate pairs participating in the pilot phase of CELSPAC: TNG during their hospital stay. The DNA was extracted and bacteriome profiles were determined by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing (Illumina). In the final dataset, 33 mother-neonate pairs were exposed to antibiotics during C-section or vaginal delivery (cases; +IAP) and the vaginal delivery without IAP (controls, -IAP) took place in 33 mother-neonate pairs. Differences in alpha diversity (Shannon index, p=0.01) and bacterial composition (PERMANOVA, p0.05). However, the IAP was associated with decreased alpha diversity (number of amplicon sequence variants, p

Abstract Afghanistan has one of the highest maternal mortality rates in the world. Inadequate postnatal care (PNC) increases the risk of maternal mortality. This study aimed to analyze the socioeconomic and demographic factors that affect postnatal care utilization. A secondary analysis was conducted in 2019 based on the data from the 2015 Afghanistan Demographic and Health Survey. The sample included 29,461 married women aged 15–49 interviewed during the survey. This was a cross-sectional study in which a frequency distribution of independent variables for the study sample was carried out, Pearson’s chi-square test was conducted for association, and the strength of association was measured using binary logistic regression. The study found that 39.9% of married women used postnatal care services. The findings of this study suggest that place of delivery and women who gave birth at health facilities were more likely to use PNC than women who delivered at home. Women age 30–39 and 20–29 positively associated with PNC use compared with mothers aged

Abstract Background Deaths occurring during the neonatal period contribute close to half of under-five mortality rate (U5MR); over 80% of these deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Poor maternal antepartum and perinatal health predisposes newborns to low birth weight (LBW), birth asphyxia, and infections which increase the newborn’s risk of death. Methods The objective of the study was to assess the association between abnormal postpartum maternal temperature and early infant outcomes, specifically illness requiring hospitalisation or leading to death between birth and six weeks’ age. We prospectively studied a cohort of neonates born at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital in Uganda to mothers with abnormal postpartum temperature and followed them longitudinally through early infancy. We performed a logistic regression of the relationship between maternal abnormal temperature and six-week infant hospitalization, adjusting for gestational age and 10-minute APGAR score at birth. Results Of the 648 postpartum participants from the parent study who agreed to enrol their neonates in the sub-study, 100 (15%) mothers had abnormal temperature. The mean maternal age was 24.6 (SD 5.3) years, and the mean parity was 2.3 (SD 1.5). There were more preterm babies born to mothers with abnormal maternal temperature (10%) compared to 1.1% to mothers with normal temperature (p=˂0.001). While the majority of newborns (92%) had a 10-minute APGAR score > 7, 14% of newborns whose mothers had abnormal temperatures had APGAR score ˂7 compared to 7% of those born to mothers with normal postpartum temperatures (P = 0.02). Six-week outcome data was available for 545 women and their infants. In the logistic regression model adjusted for gestational age at birth and 10-minute APGAR score, maternal abnormal temperature was not significantly associated with the composite adverse infant health outcome (being unwell or dead) between birth and six weeks’ age (aOR = 0.35, 95% CI 0.07–1.79, P = 0.21). The 10-minute APGAR score was significantly associated with adverse six-week outcome (P

Abstract Background Child cancer impacts the entire family. However, those who identify as mothers may be most negatively affected due to the societal expectations placed upon them in primary caregiving. This study was conducted with the aim of exploring the lived experiences of mothers of children with cancer and their adaptation to their child’s illness. Methods This study employed a qualitative and hermeneutic approach using Heideggerian phenomenology as a philosophical framework. Our sampling strategy was purposive. Mothers (n = 14) of children diagnosed with cancer participated in face-to-face semi-structured interviews. The seven-steps of critical hermeneutic analysis were used to summarize and interpret findings. Results Analysis revealed that participants’ adaptation to their child’s illness occurs through comprehensive support and the utilization of empowering beliefs. The theme of comprehensive support included sub-themes of seeking informational support, seeking psychological support, and seeking social support. The theme of utilizing empowering beliefs encompassed sub-themes of resilience against cultural misconceptions and reliance on spiritual beliefs. Furthermore, one constitutive pattern ‘mothers’ efforts to overcome difficult twists and turns in living with children with cancer’ was identified.This related to participants’ striving to navigate the twists and turns of life’s hardships. Conclusions Relationships and social context are vital and important features of this phenomena. Employing a team approach to provide comprehensive support to mothers of children with cancer involving physicians, nurses, and psychologists can be supportive in their adaptation to their child’s cancer. Additionally, reductions in cultural taboos surrounding cancer could facilitate improved adaptation to childhood cancer for these mothers.

Background: Child cancer impacts the entire family. However, those who identify as mothers may be most negatively affected due to the societal expectations placed upon them in primary caregiving. This study was conducted with the aim of exploring the lived experiences of mothers of children with cancer and their adaptation to their child's illness. Methods: This study employed a qualitative and hermeneutic approach using Heideggerian phenomenology as a philosophical framework. Our sampling strategy was purposive. Mothers (n = 14) of children diagnosed with cancer participated in face-to-face semi-structured interviews. The seven-steps of critical hermeneutic analysis were used to summarize and interpret findings. Results: Analysis revealed that participants' adaptation to their child's illness occurs through comprehensive support and the utilization of empowering beliefs. The theme of comprehensive support included sub-themes of seeking informational support, seeking psychological support, and seeking social support. The theme of utilizing empowering beliefs encompassed sub-themes of resilience against cultural misconceptions and reliance on spiritual beliefs. Furthermore, one constitutive pattern 'mothers' efforts to overcome difficult twists and turns in living with children with cancer' was identified.This related to participants' striving to navigate the twists and turns of life's hardships. Conclusions: Relationships and social context are vital and important features of this phenomena. Employing a team approach to provide comprehensive support to mothers of children with cancer involving physicians, nurses, and psychologists can be supportive in their adaptation to their child's cancer. Additionally, reductions in cultural taboos surrounding cancer could facilitate improved adaptation to childhood cancer for these mothers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AimsMethodsResultsConclusionTo investigate what it is about community-based perinatal mental health peer support from trained volunteers that works, for whom, in what circumstances, in what respects, and why; and build a change model that includes positive and negative mechanisms and outcomes.Realist evaluation methods based on semi-structured interviews were used to create a change model for a third sector programme in England.Mothers who received peer support (n = 20), peer support volunteers (n = 27), and programme staff (n = 9) were interviewed. Positive impact on mothers was primarily based on feeling understood and accepted, social comparison (including normalisation, hope, and gaining perspective) and sharing non-directive information from experiential knowledge. Negative impact on mothers was based on negative social comparison, or absence of key peer support mechanisms. Mothers were affected in different ways, depending on individual contexts: their backgrounds, personalities, social situations, resources, experiences, beliefs, and needs. Some different mechanisms were present in one-to-one and group situations. All participants considered the benefits of peer support to greatly outweigh the risks.Individual contextual factors affect the multiple mechanisms through which mental health peer support can improve mothers’ emotional wellbeing and social participation. Peer support has potential risks as well as benefits, which can be mitigated. Programmes could use this understanding of how contexts and mechanisms interact to produce peer support outcomes to improve training for peer support volunteers and to design future evaluations that take into account diversity of peer support experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]