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Background: We sought to determine the efficacy of topical tranexamic acid (5%) in the management of traumatic hyphema. Methods: Thirty eyes with gross traumatic hyphema were enrolled in this study. The patients were treated with tranexamic acid (5%) eye drop every 6 hours for 5 days. The main outcome measures were best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), Intra-ocular pressure (IOP), day of clot absorption, and rate of rebleeding. These parameters were evaluated daily for 4 days and thereafter at the 8th and 14th days after treatment. The patients were also compared with two historical control groups of patients (80 eyes) with traumatic hyphema; the first control group was treated with oral placebo and the other group was treated with oral tranexamic acid at our department. Result: Prior to treatment, the mean logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) BCVA was 0.59±0.62. BCVA was increased to 0.08±0.14 at day 14 (P

Background and Objectives: Macrolide, lincosamide and streptogramin type B (MLSB) antibiotics are important in the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus infections and existence of isolates with ability to resist against MLSB antibiotics is worrisome. Materials and Methods: In this cross sectional study, 101 S. aureus isolates were collected from patients of five selected hospitals in Tehran over a period of five months. Disk diffusion tests and differentiation between constitutive and inducible resistances were carried out by D-test. The presence of mecA, msrA, ermA and ermC genes were detected using PCR or multiplex PCR. Results: Out of 101 S. aureus isolates, 58 (57.4%) were methicillin resistant and 57 (56.4%) expressed resistance to erythromycin. The prevalence of constitutive MLSB (cMLSB), inducible MLSB (iMLSB) and MS (Negative) phenotype in all erythromycin resistant isolates were 71.9, 26.3 and 1.7%, respectively. Out of all the erythromycin resistant isolates, 57.8% harbored both ermA and ermC genes which possessed constitutive resistance. 8.7% of the isolates contained ermA gene alone which possessed inducible resistance with D phenotype and 5.2% of isolates just contained ermC gene which had inducible resistance with D+ phenotype. msrA gene was detected in 3.5% of the erythromycin resistant S. aureus isolates with constitutive resistance. None of the genes were detected among MS phenotypes. Conclusion: In this study, most of S. aureus isolates carried both ermA and ermC genes and there was a significant relationship (P value ≤ 0.05) between different resistance phenotypes and erm genes.

In this study Trichoderma atroviride was selected as over producer of chitinase enzyme among 30 different isolates of Trichoderma sp. on the basis of chitinase specific activity. From this isolate the genomic and cDNA clones encoding chit33 have been isolated and sequenced. Comparison of genomic and cDNA sequences for defining gene structure indicates that this gene contains three short introns and also an open reading frame coding for a protein of 321 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence includes a 19 aa putative signal peptide. Homology between this sequence and other reported Trichoderma Chit33 proteins are discussed. The coding sequence of chit33 gene was cloned in pEt26b(+) expression vector and expressed in E. coli. Neste estudo Trichoderma atroviride foi escolhido como superprodutor da enzima quitinase dentre 30 isolados de Trichoderma sp. com base na atividade específica de quitinase. Clones de cDNA e genômico codificando chit33 foram obtidos deste isolado e seqüenciados. A comparação das seqüências genômica e de cDNA para definir a estrutura do gene indicou que este contém três pequenos introns e uma fase aberta de leitura codificando uma proteína de 321 aminoácidos. A seqüência de aminoácidos deduzida inclui um possível peptídio sinal de 19 aminoácidos. Homologia entre esta seqüência e outras proteínas Chit33 descritas de Trichoderma é discutida. A seqüência codificadora do gene chit33 foi clonada no vetor de expressão pET26b(+) e expressa em E. coli.

Cellulases are a group of hydrolytic enzymes capable of degrading cellulose to smaller sugar components like glucose units. These enzymes are produced by fungi and bacteria. The aim of this research was to identify a Aspergillus species with over production of endo-β-1,4-glucanase. Properties of endo-β-1,4-glucanase/carboxymethylcellulase (CMCase) from a culture filtrate of the Aspergillus sp. was also studied. Aspergillus sp. (R4) was selected as over producer of endo-β-1,4-glucanase among 13 different species. SDS-PAGE activity staining with 1% Congo Red solution revealed three protein bands showing cellulolytic activity. The molecular weights of these proteins were estimated to be approximately 18.5, 23 and 28 kD. Also, conservative region of endo-β-1,4-glucanase coding gene was studied by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Amplified fragments with 1204 bp and 399 bp were confirmed by restriction pattern with HindII and PstI enzymes. Key Words: Aspergillus sp., Endo-β-1, 4-glucanase, CMCase, SDS-PAGE, PCR. African Journal of Biotechnology Vol.4(1) 2005: 26-30

According to the WHO experts more than 150 million of the world populations are suffering of nervous, psychological and social disorders. Expansion of urban society and consequently to the intensive human life in the urban framework and increased social communications, elimination of place and nature of the life in the city, the prime mover of diverse pressures on psyche of the human. New research shows that physical exercises have increased the ability of the brain and also assist peoples in the treatment of mental illnesses such as depression and anxiety. In fact have been advised to psychiatrists change their clinical methods and drug cures and set participate in physical activities in the programme9s treatment their patients. In this research have been assessed mental health and four scales including, Somatic symptoms, Anxiety and Sleep disorder, Depression symptoms and Social Function by GHQ questionnaire. Data have been analysed by t test with α=0.05. In this study participated 200 students (M, F). Group 1: 100 of students (mean age 24.51, _±5.03 SD) participate in the University Sport Programs and group 2: 100 students (mean age 22.91, ±2.80 SD) don9t participate in any sport activities. Considering the data showed significantly different between two groups in mental health, Somatic symptoms, Anxiety and Sleep Disorder and Social Function (p>0.005). But in Depression symptoms didn9t t showed significantly different between two groups (p

Extended shear tab connections are widely used to connect beams to the webs of girders. In the full-depth configuration of extended beam-to-girder shear tabs, the shear plate is typically fillet welded to the web, as well as to the top and bottom flanges of the girder. Due to the extended nature of the shear tab, i.e. the connection to the beam is actually made well outside of the cross-section of the girder, the inelastic stability of this plate must be accounted for in design. A coordinated experimental and numerical investigation of the behaviour and stability requirements of full-depth extended shear tabs is described in the paper. The findings from a detailed finite element (FE) simulation of 3 single-sided beam-to-girder shear tab connections, tested at McGill University, are discussed. Based on the FE analyses, the load transfer mechanism and the buckling capacity of the stiffened portion of the full-depth shear tab were determined. The parameters, which influenced the buckling of the stiffener, were studied; including the depth and thickness of the shear plate, the depth of the girder, the width of the girder flanges, and the flexibility of the girder web. Further FE analyses were completed to determine the buckling capacity of the shear tab with reduced depth of the stiffener. In addition, the load-transfer mechanism and buckling capacity of these shear plates were modeled when they are used in double-sided configurations, i.e. when a beam is placed on both sides of the girder.

Extended shear tab connections have been widely used to connect simply supported beams to the flange or web of supporting columns, as well as the web of steel girders. The American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC) introduced the use of extended shear tab connections in 1992 and first published their design procedure in 2005. Unlike conventional shear tab connections, flexural buckling of the shear plate was observed as one of the governing failure modes of extended shear tab connections in past experiments. The AISC adopted a design equation for doubly coped beams to compute the flexural buckling strength of the shear tab. This paper presents the findings from an experimental research program, conducted at McGill University, related to the performance of extended shear tab connections under gravity induced shear force. Emphasis is placed on the flexural buckling strength of such connections. Seven full-scale tests were conducted and flexural buckling of the shear plate dominated the behavior of such connections. The beam sizes ranged from W310 to W690; the shear tab eccentricities that were examined as part of the experimental program ranged from 190 to 318 mm. It is shown that the current AISC design equation to compute the flexural buckling strength of extended shear tab connections overestimates the predicted flexural buckling strength of the shear plate.