Search

This study was conduced to evaluate the utilization of vallisneria spiralis and Bacopa monniera as unconventional feed stuffs and their effect on performance of 315 chicks from FABRO hybrids broiler and 315 chicks from SHAVER hybrids. Birds from each hybrid received one of seventh experimental diets. First diet was control, while vallisneria spiralis and Bacopa monniera meal seperatly replaced corn and soybean meal at levels of 4, 8 and 12% also feed ad. Was intiondeced ibitum and continous light for 56 days. The results showed that there were significant differences among treatments in body weight, gain, weight feed consumption at 2, 4 weeks of age while there were no significant differences at 6, 8 weeks of age. Replacement did no affect dressing and carcass cut percentages. While highly significant differences due to hybrid was observed in body weight, weight gains, feed consumption and feed conversion ratio during all ages of birds. The was no significant effect to genotype-diet on all studied characters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Purpose: Candida species are the most opportunistic fungi affecting the nails and resulting in onychomycosis. In this study, we identified and evaluated in-vitro susceptibility of the recovered isolates against fluconazole (FLC), voriconazole (VRC), and clotrimazole (CLT) using the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M27-A3 document. Materials and Methods: From patients with either clinically or mycologically proven onychomycosis, 97 isolates comprising of seven Candida species were isolated, which were identified by both conventional and molecular techniques such as polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. In addition, Candida dubliniensis was confirmed by restriction endonuclease analysis. Antifungal susceptibility of each isolate against the three azoles applied in this study was determined using the CLSI microdilution reference method M27-A3. Results: Candida parapsilosis (C. parapsilosis) was the most frequently isolated species (n=44), followed by C. albicans (n=23), C. tropicalis (n=13), C. glabrata (n=7), C. krusei (n=6), C. guilliermondii (n=3), and C. dubliniensis (n=1). All the isolates were susceptible to CLT. VRC had lower minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for the isolates compared to FLC. Geometric mean MIC values of VRC, FLC, and CLT for C. parapsilosis isolates were 0.07 µg/ml, 0.8 µg/ml, and 0.35 µg/ml, respectively. Collectively, all species exhibited greater susceptibility to VRC in comparison to C. albicans (P≤0.001). Conclusion: This study showed that non-albicans Candida species were the most common etiologic agents of non-dermatophyte onychomycosis. The major antifungal agents used in clinics to empirically treat yeast onychomycosis are FLC and CLT. Our data suggested that CLT is a better choice for the treatment of Candida onychomycosis, especially in drug resistant cases.

Let f : Y → X be a continuous map between a compact real analytic Kähler manifold (Y, g) and a compact complex hyperbolic manifold (X, g0). In this paper we give a lower bound of the diastatic entropy of (Y, g) in terms of the diastatic entropy of (X, g0) and the degree of f . When the lower bound is attained we get geometric rigidity theorems for the diastatic entropy analogous to the ones obtained by G. Besson, G. Courtois and S. Gallot [2] for the volume entropy. As a corollary,when X = Y,we get that the minimal diastatic entropy is achieved if and only if g is isometric to the hyperbolic metric g0.