30 results on '"Moschos, Vaios"'
Search Results
2. Equal abundance of summertime natural and wintertime anthropogenic Arctic organic aerosols
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Moschos, Vaios, Dzepina, Katja, Bhattu, Deepika, Lamkaddam, Houssni, Casotto, Roberto, Daellenbach, Kaspar R., Canonaco, Francesco, Rai, Pragati, Aas, Wenche, Becagli, Silvia, Calzolai, Giulia, Eleftheriadis, Konstantinos, Moffett, Claire E., Schnelle-Kreis, Jürgen, Severi, Mirko, Sharma, Sangeeta, Skov, Henrik, Vestenius, Mika, Zhang, Wendy, Hakola, Hannele, Hellén, Heidi, Huang, Lin, Jaffrezo, Jean-Luc, Massling, Andreas, Nøjgaard, Jakob K., Petäjä, Tuukka, Popovicheva, Olga, Sheesley, Rebecca J., Traversi, Rita, Yttri, Karl Espen, Schmale, Julia, Prévôt, André S. H., Baltensperger, Urs, and El Haddad, Imad
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- 2022
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3. Quantifying the Light-Absorption Properties and Molecular Composition of Brown Carbon Aerosol from Sub-Saharan African Biomass Combustion
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Moschos, Vaios, primary, Christensen, Cade, additional, Mouton, Megan, additional, Fiddler, Marc N., additional, Isolabella, Tommaso, additional, Mazzei, Federico, additional, Massabò, Dario, additional, Turpin, Barbara J., additional, Bililign, Solomon, additional, and Surratt, Jason D., additional
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- 2024
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4. Local incomplete combustion emissions define the PM2.5 oxidative potential in Northern India
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0000-0003-3597-190X, 0000-0002-6402-4680, 0009-0000-6159-6854, 0000-0002-6251-4117, 0000-0003-0051-8179, 0000-0002-0021-4813, 0000-0002-0425-5997, 0000-0002-0062-234X, 0000-0002-5764-0231, 0000-0003-3810-3972, 0000-0002-0725-7517, 0000-0003-2669-9633, 0000-0002-6582-0742, 0000-0003-1078-1296, 0000-0003-1111-0881, 0000-0002-5044-8386, 0000-0003-3307-2548, 0000-0002-5464-0391, 0000-0002-6973-522X, 0000-0001-6767-821X, 0000-0003-4532-7827, 0000-0001-5282-0156, 0000-0002-9805-3201, 0000-0001-8495-6461, 0000-0003-4846-2303, 0000-0002-9876-6383, 0000-0002-1824-6207, 0000-0003-0079-8713, 0000-0002-7720-0233, 0000-0003-1246-6396, 0000-0002-2461-7238, 0000-0002-9243-8194, Bhattu, Deepika, Tripathi, Sachchida Nand, Bhowmik, Himadri Sekhar, Moschos, Vaios, Lee, Chuan Ping, Rauber, Martin, Salazar, Gary, Abbaszade, Gülcin, Cui, Tianqu, Slowik, Jay G., Vats, Pawan, Mishra, Suneeti, Lalchandani, Vipul, Satish, Rangu, Rai, Pragati, Casotto, Roberto, Tobler, Anna, Kumar, Varun, Hao, Yufang, Qi, Lu, Khare, Peeyush, Manousakas, Manousos Ioannis, Wang, Qiyuan, Han, Yuemei, Tian, Jie, Darfeuil, Sophie, Minguillon, Mari Cruz, Hueglin, Christoph, Conil, Sébastien, Rastogi, Neeraj, Srivastava, Atul Kumar, Ganguly, Dilip, Bjelic, Sasa, Canonaco, Francesco, Schnelle-Kreis, Jürgen, Dominutti, Pamela A., Jaffrezo, Jean-Luc, Szidat, Sönke, Chen, Yang, Cao, Junji, Baltensperger, Urs, Uzu, Gaëlle, Daellenbach, Kaspar R., El Haddad, Imad, Prévôt, André S. H., 0000-0003-3597-190X, 0000-0002-6402-4680, 0009-0000-6159-6854, 0000-0002-6251-4117, 0000-0003-0051-8179, 0000-0002-0021-4813, 0000-0002-0425-5997, 0000-0002-0062-234X, 0000-0002-5764-0231, 0000-0003-3810-3972, 0000-0002-0725-7517, 0000-0003-2669-9633, 0000-0002-6582-0742, 0000-0003-1078-1296, 0000-0003-1111-0881, 0000-0002-5044-8386, 0000-0003-3307-2548, 0000-0002-5464-0391, 0000-0002-6973-522X, 0000-0001-6767-821X, 0000-0003-4532-7827, 0000-0001-5282-0156, 0000-0002-9805-3201, 0000-0001-8495-6461, 0000-0003-4846-2303, 0000-0002-9876-6383, 0000-0002-1824-6207, 0000-0003-0079-8713, 0000-0002-7720-0233, 0000-0003-1246-6396, 0000-0002-2461-7238, 0000-0002-9243-8194, Bhattu, Deepika, Tripathi, Sachchida Nand, Bhowmik, Himadri Sekhar, Moschos, Vaios, Lee, Chuan Ping, Rauber, Martin, Salazar, Gary, Abbaszade, Gülcin, Cui, Tianqu, Slowik, Jay G., Vats, Pawan, Mishra, Suneeti, Lalchandani, Vipul, Satish, Rangu, Rai, Pragati, Casotto, Roberto, Tobler, Anna, Kumar, Varun, Hao, Yufang, Qi, Lu, Khare, Peeyush, Manousakas, Manousos Ioannis, Wang, Qiyuan, Han, Yuemei, Tian, Jie, Darfeuil, Sophie, Minguillon, Mari Cruz, Hueglin, Christoph, Conil, Sébastien, Rastogi, Neeraj, Srivastava, Atul Kumar, Ganguly, Dilip, Bjelic, Sasa, Canonaco, Francesco, Schnelle-Kreis, Jürgen, Dominutti, Pamela A., Jaffrezo, Jean-Luc, Szidat, Sönke, Chen, Yang, Cao, Junji, Baltensperger, Urs, Uzu, Gaëlle, Daellenbach, Kaspar R., El Haddad, Imad, and Prévôt, André S. H.
- Abstract
The oxidative potential (OP) of particulate matter (PM) is a major driver of PM-associated health effects. In India, the emission sources defining PM-OP, and their local/regional nature, are yet to be established. Here, to address this gap we determine the geographical origin, sources of PM, and its OP at five Indo-Gangetic Plain sites inside and outside Delhi. Our findings reveal that although uniformly high PM concentrations are recorded across the entire region, local emission sources and formation processes dominate PM pollution. Specifically, ammonium chloride, and organic aerosols (OA) from traffic exhaust, residential heating, and oxidation of unsaturated vapors from fossil fuels are the dominant PM sources inside Delhi. Ammonium sulfate and nitrate, and secondary OA from biomass burning vapors, are produced outside Delhi. Nevertheless, PM-OP is overwhelmingly driven by OA from incomplete combustion of biomass and fossil fuels, including traffic. These findings suggest that addressing local inefficient combustion processes can effectively mitigate PM health exposure in northern India.
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- 2024
5. Low-Cost Hourly Ambient Black Carbon Measurements at Multiple Cities in Africa.
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Anand, Abhishek, Touré, N'Datchoh Evelyne, Bahino, Julien, Gnamien, Sylvain, Hughes, Allison Felix, Arku, Raphael E., Tawiah, Victoria Owusu, Asfaw, Araya, Mamo, Tesfaye, Hasheminassab, Sina, Bililign, Solomon, Moschos, Vaios, Westervelt, Daniel M., and Presto, Albert A.
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- 2024
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6. Elucidating the present-day chemical composition, seasonality and source regions of climate-relevant aerosols across the Arctic land surface
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Moschos, Vaios, Schmale, Julia, Aas, Wenche, Becagli, Silvia, Calzolai, Giulia, Eleftheriadis, Konstantinos, Moffett, Claire E., Schnelle-Kreis, Jürgen, Severi, Mirko, Sharma, Sangeeta, Skov, Henrik, Vestenius, Mika, Zhang, Wendy, Hakola, Hannele, Hellen, Heidi, Huang, Lin, Jaffrezo, Jean-Luc, Massling, Andreas, Nøjgaard, Jakob K., Petäjä, Tuukka, Popovicheva, Olga, Sheesley, Rebecca J., Traversi, Rita, Yttri, Karl Espen, Prevot, Andre S. H., Baltensperger, Urs, El Haddad, Imad, and Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR)
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sea-salt aerosol ,aerosol-climate effects ,long-term trends ,temperature ,source apportionment ,sulfate ,anthropogenic aerosol ,Arctic ,chemical composition ,long-range air mass transport ,natural aerosol ,amplification ,black carbon ,114 Physical sciences ,Natural Aerosol ,Anthropogenic Aerosol ,Chemical Composition ,Long-range Air Mass Transport ,Aerosol-climate Effects ,Zeppelinobservatoriet ,biogenic sulfur aerosol ,arctic ,air-pollution ,organic aerosol ,geographic locations - Abstract
The Arctic is warming two to three times faster than the global average, and the role of aerosols is not well constrained. Aerosol number concentrations can be very low in remote environments, rendering local cloud radiative properties highly sensitive to available aerosol. The composition and sources of the climate-relevant aerosols, affecting Arctic cloud formation and altering their microphysics, remain largely elusive due to a lack of harmonized concurrent multi-component, multi-site, and multi-season observations. Here, we present a dataset on the overall chemical composition and seasonal variability of the Arctic total particulate matter (with a size cut at 10 mu m, PM10, or without any size cut) at eight observatories representing all Arctic sectors. Our holistic observational approach includes the Russian Arctic, a significant emission source area with less dedicated aerosol monitoring, and extends beyond the more traditionally studied summer period and black carbon/sulfate or fine-mode pollutants. The major airborne Arctic PM components in terms of dry mass are sea salt, secondary (non-sea-salt, nss) sulfate, and organic aerosol (OA), with minor contributions from elemental carbon (EC) and ammonium. We observe substantial spatiotemporal variability in component ratios, such as EC/OA, ammonium/nss-sulfate and OA/nss-sulfate, and fractional contributions to PM. When combined with component-specific back-trajectory analysis to identify marine or terrestrial origins, as well as the companion study by Moschos et al 2022 Nat. Geosci. focusing on OA, the composition analysis provides policy-guiding observational insights into sector-based differences in natural and anthropogenic Arctic aerosol sources. In this regard, we first reveal major source regions of inner-Arctic sea salt, biogenic sulfate, and natural organics, and highlight an underappreciated wintertime source of primary carbonaceous aerosols (EC and OA) in West Siberia, potentially associated with the oil and gas sector. The presented dataset can assist in reducing uncertainties in modelling pan-Arctic aerosol-climate interactions, as the major contributors to yearly aerosol mass can be constrained. These models can then be used to predict the future evolution of individual inner-Arctic atmospheric PM components in light of current and emerging pollution mitigation measures and improved region-specific emission inventories.
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- 2022
7. Elucidating the present-day chemical composition, seasonality and source regions of climate-relevant aerosols across the Arctic land surface
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Moschos, Vaios, primary, Schmale, Julia, additional, Aas, Wenche, additional, Becagli, Silvia, additional, Calzolai, Giulia, additional, Eleftheriadis, Konstantinos, additional, Moffett, Claire E, additional, Schnelle-Kreis, Jürgen, additional, Severi, Mirko, additional, Sharma, Sangeeta, additional, Skov, Henrik, additional, Vestenius, Mika, additional, Zhang, Wendy, additional, Hakola, Hannele, additional, Hellén, Heidi, additional, Huang, Lin, additional, Jaffrezo, Jean-Luc, additional, Massling, Andreas, additional, Nøjgaard, Jakob K, additional, Petäjä, Tuukka, additional, Popovicheva, Olga, additional, Sheesley, Rebecca J, additional, Traversi, Rita, additional, Yttri, Karl Espen, additional, Prévôt, André S H, additional, Baltensperger, Urs, additional, and El Haddad, Imad, additional
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- 2022
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8. Urban air pollution in the global hotspot of the Western Balkans region: lessons learned from the Sarajevo Canton Winter Field Campaign 2018 (SAFICA)
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Džepina, Katja, Moschos, Vaios, Tobler, Anna, Canonaco, Francesco, Bhattu, Deepika, Casotto, Roberto, Vlachou, Athanasia, Giannoukos, Stamatios, Cui, Tianqu, Manousakas, Manousos I., Lamkaddam, Houssni, Dällenbach, Kaspar R., Furger, Markus, Huremović, Jasna, Žero, Sabina, Omerčić, Enis, Salihagić, Sanela, Mašić, Adnan, Pehnec, Gordana, Godec, Ranka, Jakovljević, Ivana, Žužul, Silva, Rinkovec, Jasmina, Bešlić, Ivan, Kasper- Giebl, Anne, Redl, Peter, Frka, Sanja, Uzu, Gaëlle, Jaffrezo, Jean-Luc, Pavlović, Karla, Požar, Nino, Castillo, Juan J., Sanchez, Sergio, Kittner, Noah, Szidat, Sönke, Salazar, Gary, Borrmann, Stephan, Pösch, Ulrich, Baltensperger, Urs, Slowik, Jay G., El Haddad, Imad, Prevot, Andre S.H., and Močnik, Griša
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Sarajevo ,SAFICA ,Urban air pollution ,PM10 ,source apportionment - Abstract
Atmospheric aerosols have well documented detrimental effects on human health, ecosystems and air quality and are the key uncertainty in assessing the anthropogenic influence on climate change. Particularly during the cold weather season, urban centers in countries of the Western Balkans region such as Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) are experiencing some of the globally poorest air quality due to the extensive use of solid fuels and old vehicle fleet. The city of Sarajevo is the capital of BiH and is situated in Southeastern Europe within a plain surrounded by mountains. In the winter months (domestic heating season), topography and meteorology cause the pollutants to be trapped within the city plain. Recent analysis with the US EPA BenMAP model applied to BiH found that an annual decrease of 50% in fine aerosol would save 4760+ lives and costs of $2.3B annually (Žero et al., 2022). Countries of the Western Balkans lack state‐of‐ the‐ art atmospheric sciences research despite high levels of ambient pollution and position within the EU borders, which makes it imperative to understand the emission sources, processing and the adverse health effects of their atmospheric aerosol pollution. This presentation will highlight the results of the SAFICA 2018 project, the first Sarajevo, BiH project aiming to yield crucial, not previously available information about aerosol emission sources and atmospheric transformations through combination of online field (black carbon and particle number and size distribution) and offline laboratory (physicochemical characterization of daily PM10 filter samples) measurements. Laboratory analyses of PM10 samples determined aerosols’ bulk chemical composition, selected elements (Huremović et al., 2020 ; Žero et al., 2022) and molecular species (Pehnec et al., 2020). Aerosol chemical composition determined by aerosol mass spectrometry was further analyzed by Positive Matrix Factorization to separate organic aerosol (OA) into subtypes characteristic for their sources and atmospheric processes. Aerosol oxidative potential (OP) was also determined to evaluate the ability of SAFICA aerosols to generate reactive oxygen species. Main SAFICA results show that ~3/4 of aerosol mass is carbonaceous (OA + black carbon) and ~2/3 of total carbon (TC) mass is from non‐fossil sources (Figure 1). Aerosol has high loadings of black carbon and toxic species, indicating strong and diverse combustion sources and likely a major public health danger. More work is needed to estimate the contributions of different aerosol sources and species to total aerosol OP. Finally, this presentation will show how SAFICA knowledge gaps will be overcome in a future project, planned to take place during 2022‐2023, entitled Sarajevo Aerosol Experiment: Composition, Sources and Health Effects of Atmospheric Aerosol (SAAERO). We thank Federal Hydrometeorological Institute of BiH, Magee Scientific/Aerosol and TSI for support. We acknowledge the contribution of the COST Action CA16109 COLOSSAL and SEE Change Net. KDž and ASHP acknowledge the grant by the Swiss NSF (Scientific Exchanges IZSEZ0_189495), KDž, GM and ASHP European Commission funding of SAAERO project (EU H2020 MSCA-IF 2020 grant # 101028909), GM the Slovenian Science foundation program P1-0385, and SF by the Croatian Science Foundation (BiREADI IP- 2018-01-3105).
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- 2022
9. Source-specific light absorption by carbonaceous components in the complex aerosol matrix from yearly filter-based measurements
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Moschos, Vaios, primary, Gysel-Beer, Martin, additional, Modini, Robin L., additional, Corbin, Joel C., additional, Massabò, Dario, additional, Costa, Camilla, additional, Danelli, Silvia G., additional, Vlachou, Athanasia, additional, Daellenbach, Kaspar R., additional, Szidat, Sönke, additional, Prati, Paolo, additional, Prévôt, André S. H., additional, Baltensperger, Urs, additional, and El Haddad, Imad, additional
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- 2021
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10. Source apportionment of carbonaceous aerosols in Beijing with radiocarbon and organic tracers: insight into the differences between urban and rural sites
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Hou, Siqi, primary, Liu, Di, additional, Xu, Jingsha, additional, Vu, Tuan V., additional, Wu, Xuefang, additional, Srivastava, Deepchandra, additional, Fu, Pingqing, additional, Li, Linjie, additional, Sun, Yele, additional, Vlachou, Athanasia, additional, Moschos, Vaios, additional, Salazar, Gary, additional, Szidat, Sönke, additional, Prévôt, André S. H., additional, Harrison, Roy M., additional, and Shi, Zongbo, additional
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- 2021
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11. Response to reviewers
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Moschos, Vaios, primary
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- 2021
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12. Assessing the composition and sources of climate-relevant atmospheric aerosol species
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Moschos, Vaios, Baltensperger, Urs, El Haddad, Imad, McNeill, Kristopher, Schmale, Julia, and Thornton, Joel A.
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Source apportionment ,Mass concentrations ,Anthropogenic emissions ,Mass absorption cross section ,Chemical composition ,Secondary organic aerosols ,Refractive index ,Time Series ,Aerosol mass spectrometry ,Short-lived climate forcers ,Aerosol-cloud interactions ,Filter samples ,UV-Vis spectrophotometry ,Black carbon ,Biogenic emissions ,Positive matrix factorization ,ddc:550 ,Climate change ,annual cycle ,Brown carbon ,Backward trajectories ,Aerosol particles ,Carbonaceous aerosol ,Polar atmosphere ,Factor analysis ,Haze ,Aethalometer ,Particulate matter ,Wood burning ,Atmospheric Chemistry ,Size distribution ,Chemistry ,Earth sciences ,ddc:540 ,Natural sciences ,ddc:500 ,FOS: Natural sciences - Published
- 2021
13. Sarajevo Canton Winter Field Campaign 2018 (SAFICA): aerosol source apportionment and oxidative potential in a global hotspot
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Džepina, Katja, Moschos, Vaios, Tobler, Anna, Canonaco, Fransecso, Bhattu, Deepika, Casotto, Roberto, Vlachou, Athanasia, Giannoukos, Stamatios, Cui, Tianqu, Manousakas, Manousos Ioannis, Lamkaddam, Houssini, Dällenbach, Kaspar, Huremović, Jasna, Žero, Sabina, Omerčić, Enis, Salihagić, Sanela, Mašić, Adnan, Pehnec, Gordana, Godec, Ranka, Jakovljević, Ivana, Žužul, Silva, Rinkovec, Jasmina, Kasper-Giebl, Anne, Redl, Peter, Frka, Sanja, Uzu, Gaelle, Jaffrezo, Jean Luc, Kittner, Noah, Szidat, S., Salazar, G., Pöschl, Urlich, Borrmann, Stephan, Baltensperger, Urs, Haddad, Imad El, Prevot, Andre S.H., and Močnik, Griša
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Sarajevo ,SAFICA ,Urban air pollution ,PM10 ,source apportionment - Abstract
Nowadays, urban centres in countries of the Western Balkan (e.g., Bosnia and Herzegovina, B&H) are experiencing some of the poorest air quality worldwide due to the extensive use of solid fuels and an old vehicle fleet. Western Balkan countries lack state-of-the-science atmospheric research despite high levels of ambient pollution, making the efforts to understand the mechanisms of their air pollution imperative. Sarajevo, the capital of B&H, is situated in a basin surrounded by mountains. During the winter months, topography and meteorology cause significant pollution episodes. The Sarajevo Canton Winter Field Campaign 2018 (SAFICA) took place from Dec 04, 2017 to Mar 15, 2018 with online aerosol measurements and collection of daily, continuous filter PM10 samples for offline laboratory analyses. SAFICA aimed to give the first detailed characterization of the Western Balkans aerosol composition including organic aerosol (OA) to elucidate aerosol emission sources and atmospheric processing and to estimate the adverse health effects. PM10 samples (ntotal=180) were collected at four sites in the Sarajevo Canton: a) Bjelave and b) Pofalići (both urban background) ; c) Otoka (urban) ; d) Ivan Sedlo (remote). The urban sites were distributed along the city basin to study the pollutants’ urban evolution and the remote site was chosen to compare urban to background air masses. SAFICA PM10 samples underwent the following offline laboratory chemical analyses: 1) Bulk chemical composition of the total filter-collected water-soluble inorganic and OA by a high- resolution Aerodyne Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS). The measured AMS OA spectra were further analysed by Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) using the graphical user interface SoFi (Source Finder) to separate OA into subtypes characteristic for OA sources and atmospheric processes. 2) Organic and elemental carbon, water- soluble organic carbon, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (11), levoglucosan, organic acids (16) and 14C total carbon content to evaluate OA chemical composition. 3) Major inorganic anions and cations to evaluate aerosol inorganic species. 4) Aerosol metal content determined by three techniques (AAS, ICP-MS and EESI). 5) Aerosol oxidative potential (OP) by two methods (AA and DTT) to evaluate the ability of particles to generate adverse health effects causing reactive oxygen species. SAFICA online measurements of black carbon (Aethalometer) and the particle number conc. (CPC and OPS) enabled the insights into the daily evolution of primary pollutants and an assessment of aerosol size and number distribution. The combined SAFICA results for field and lab measurements will be presented. Our results show that carbonaceous aerosols make ~2/3 of PM10 mass and the majority are oxygenated, water-soluble OA species with an average OM/OC = 1.9 (Fig.1). Absolute OP levels are very high compared to other sites globally. However, more work is needed to estimate the contributions of different aerosol sources and species to total aerosol OP. Urban air pollution crises in the Western Balkan will be put in the context of local, regional and global air quality. Finally, we will present the scientific questions opened by SAFICA and give suggestions for future studies. We thank Federal Hydrometeorological Institute of B&H, Magee Scientific/Aerosol and TSI for support. We acknowledge the contribution of the COST Action CA16109 COLOSSAL and SEE Change Net. KDz and ASHP acknowledge the grant by the Swiss NSF (Scientific Exchanges IZSEZ0_189495), GM the Slovenian Science foundation program P1-0385, and SF by the Croatian Science Foundation (BiREADI IP-2018-01-3105).
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- 2021
14. Sarajevo Canton Winter Field Campaign 2018: particulate air pollution in a global hotspot
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Džepina, Katja, Moschos, Vaios, Tobler, Anna, Canonaco, Fransecso, Bhattu, Deepika, Casotto, Roberto, Vlachou, Athanasia, Giannoukos, Stamatios, Cui, Tianqu, Manousakas, Manousos Ioannis, Lamkaddam, Houssini, Dällenbach, Kaspar, Huremović, Jasna, Žero, Sabina, Omerčić, Enis, Salihagić, Sanela, Mašić, Adnan, Pehnec, Gordana, Godec, Ranka, Jakovljević, Ivana, Žužul, Silva, Rinkovec, Jasmina, Kasper-Giebl, Anne, Redl, Peter, Frka, Sanja, Uzu, Gaelle, Jaffrezo, Jean Luc, Kittner, Noah, Pöschl, Urlich, Borrmann, Stephan, Baltensperger, Urs, Haddad, Imad El, Prevot, Andre S.H., and Močnik, Griša
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Sarajevo ,Urban air pollution ,PM10 ,PM2.5 - Abstract
Nowadays, urban centres in countries of the Western Balkan region (including Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H)) are experiencing some of the poorest European and global air quality due to the extensive use of non-renewable energy sources. Western Balkan countries lack state- of-the-art atmospheric sciences research despite high levels of ambient pollution, which makes the efforts to understand the mechanisms of their air pollution imperative. The city of Sarajevo, the capital of B&H, is situated in a basin surrounded by mountains. Particularly during the winter months, topography and meteorology cause significant pollution episodes. The Sarajevo Canton Winter Field Campaign 2018 (SAFICA) took place from Dec 04, 2017 to Mar 15, 2018 with on-line aerosol measurements and collection of daily, continuous filter PM10 samples for off-line laboratory analyses. SAFICA aimed to give the first detailed characterization of the Western Balkans aerosol composition including organic aerosol (OA) to elucidate aerosol emission sources and atmospheric processing and to estimate the adverse health effects. PM10 samples (ntotal=180) were collected at four sites in the Sarajevo Canton: a) Bjelave and b) Pofalići (urban background) ; c) Otoka (urban) ; d) Ivan Sedlo (remote). The urban sites were distributed along the city basin to study the pollutants’ urban evolution and the remote site was chosen to compare urban to background air masses. SAFICA PM10 samples underwent different off-line laboratory chemical analyses: 1) Bulk chemical composition of the total filter- collected water-soluble inorganic and OA by a high-resolution Aerodyne Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS). The measured AMS OA spectra were further analysed by Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) using the graphical user interface SoFi (Source Finder) to separate OA into subtypes characteristic for OA sources and atmospheric processes. 2) Organic and elemental carbon (OC/EC), water-soluble organic carbon, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, levoglucosan, and 14C content of total carbon to evaluate OA chemical composition. 3) Major inorganic anions and cations to evaluate aerosol inorganic species. 4) Metal content in aerosol determined by two analytical techniques (AAS and ICP-MS). SAFICA on-line measurements of black carbon (Aethalometer) and the particle number concentration (Condensation Particle Counter and Optical Particle Sizer) enabled the insights into the daily evolution of primary pollutants and an assessment of aerosol size and number distribution. The combined SAFICA results for on- and off-line measurements will be presented. Our results show that the carbon- containing species make ~2/3 of PM10 mass and the majority are oxygenated, water-soluble OA species with an average OM/OC = 1.9 (Fig.1). Urban air pollution crises in the Western Balkan will be put in the context of local, regional and global air quality. Finally, we will present the scientific questions opened by SAFICA, including the advantages and limitations of SAFICA data set, and give the recommendations for future studies. Figure 1. Selected results of the SAFICA field measurements (a) and laboratory analyses (b). We thank the Federal Hydrometeorological Institute of B&H, Magee Scientific/Aerosol d.o.o. and TSI for SAFICA support. We acknowledge the contribution of the COST Action CA16109 COLOSSAL and SEE Change Net Foundation. KDz and ASHP acknowledge the grant awarded by the Swiss National Science Foundation (Scientific Exchanges IZSEZ0_189495) and SF by the Croatian Science Foundation (BiREADI IP- 2018-01-3105).
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- 2020
15. Overview : Integrative and Comprehensive Understanding on Polar Environments (iCUPE) - concept and initial results
- Author
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Petäjä, Tuukka, Duplissy, Ella-Maria, Tabakova, Ksenia, Schmale, Julia, Altstädter, Barbara, Ancellet, Gerard, Arshinov, Mikhail, Balin, Yurii, Baltensperger, Urs, Bange, Jens, Beamish, Alison, Belan, Boris, Berchet, Antoine, Bossi, Rossana, Cairns, Warren R. L., Ebinghaus, Ralf, El Haddad, Imad, Ferreira-Araujo, Beatriz, Franck, Anna, Huang, Lin, Hyvärinen, Antti, Humbert, Angelika, Kalogridis, Athina-Cerise, Konstantinov, Pavel, Lampert, Astrid, MacLeod, Matthew, Magand, Olivier, Mahura, Alexander, Marelle, Louis, Masloboev, Vladimir, Moisseev, Dmitri, Moschos, Vaios, Neckel, Niklas, Onishi, Tatsuo, Osterwalder, Stefan, Ovaska, Aino, Paasonen, Pauli, Panchenko, Mikhail, Pankratov, Fidel, Pernov, Jakob B., Platis, Andreas, Popovicheva, Olga, Raut, Jean-Christophe, Riandet, Aurélie, Sachs, Torsten, Salvatori, Rosamaria, Salzano, Roberto, Schröder, Ludwig, Schön, Martin, Shevchenko, Vladimir, Skov, Henrik, Sonke, Jeroen E., Spolaor, Andrea, Stathopoulos, Vasileios K., Strahlendorff, Mikko, Thomas, Jennie L., Vitale, Vito, Vratolis, Sterios, Barbante, Carlo, Chabrillat, Sabine, Dommergue, Aurélien, Eleftheriadis, Konstantinos, Heilimo, Jyri, Law, Kathy S., Massling, Andreas, Noe, Steffen M., Paris, Jean-Daniel, Prévôt, André S. H., Riipinen, Ilona, Wehner, Birgit, Xie, Zhiyong, Lappalainen, Hanna K., Petäjä, Tuukka, Duplissy, Ella-Maria, Tabakova, Ksenia, Schmale, Julia, Altstädter, Barbara, Ancellet, Gerard, Arshinov, Mikhail, Balin, Yurii, Baltensperger, Urs, Bange, Jens, Beamish, Alison, Belan, Boris, Berchet, Antoine, Bossi, Rossana, Cairns, Warren R. L., Ebinghaus, Ralf, El Haddad, Imad, Ferreira-Araujo, Beatriz, Franck, Anna, Huang, Lin, Hyvärinen, Antti, Humbert, Angelika, Kalogridis, Athina-Cerise, Konstantinov, Pavel, Lampert, Astrid, MacLeod, Matthew, Magand, Olivier, Mahura, Alexander, Marelle, Louis, Masloboev, Vladimir, Moisseev, Dmitri, Moschos, Vaios, Neckel, Niklas, Onishi, Tatsuo, Osterwalder, Stefan, Ovaska, Aino, Paasonen, Pauli, Panchenko, Mikhail, Pankratov, Fidel, Pernov, Jakob B., Platis, Andreas, Popovicheva, Olga, Raut, Jean-Christophe, Riandet, Aurélie, Sachs, Torsten, Salvatori, Rosamaria, Salzano, Roberto, Schröder, Ludwig, Schön, Martin, Shevchenko, Vladimir, Skov, Henrik, Sonke, Jeroen E., Spolaor, Andrea, Stathopoulos, Vasileios K., Strahlendorff, Mikko, Thomas, Jennie L., Vitale, Vito, Vratolis, Sterios, Barbante, Carlo, Chabrillat, Sabine, Dommergue, Aurélien, Eleftheriadis, Konstantinos, Heilimo, Jyri, Law, Kathy S., Massling, Andreas, Noe, Steffen M., Paris, Jean-Daniel, Prévôt, André S. H., Riipinen, Ilona, Wehner, Birgit, Xie, Zhiyong, and Lappalainen, Hanna K.
- Abstract
The role of polar regions is increasing in terms of megatrends such as globalization, new transport routes, demography, and the use of natural resources with consequent effects on regional and transported pollutant concentrations. We set up the ERA-PLANET Strand 4 project iCUPE - integrative and Comprehensive Understanding on Polar Environments to provide novel insights and observational data on global grand challenges with an Arctic focus. We utilize an integrated approach combining in situ observations, satellite remote sensing Earth observations (EOs), and multi-scale modeling to synthesize data from comprehensive long-term measurements, intensive campaigns, and satellites to deliver data products, metrics, and indicators to stakeholders concerning the environmental status, availability, and extraction of natural resources in the polar areas. The iCUPE work consists of thematic state-of-the-art research and the provision of novel data in atmospheric pollution, local sources and transboundary transport, the characterization of arctic surfaces and their changes, an assessment of the concentrations and impacts of heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants and their cycling, the quantification of emissions from natural resource extraction, and the validation and optimization of satellite Earth observation (EO) data streams. In this paper we introduce the iCUPE project and summarize initial results arising out of the integration of comprehensive in situ observations, satellite remote sensing, and multi-scale modeling in the Arctic context.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. An evaluation of source apportionment of fine OC and PM2.5 by multiple methods: APHH-Beijing campaigns as a case study
- Author
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Xu, Jingsha, primary, Srivastava, Deepchandra, additional, Wu, Xuefang, additional, Hou, Siqi, additional, Vu, Tuan V., additional, Liu, Di, additional, Sun, Yele, additional, Vlachou, Athanasia, additional, Moschos, Vaios, additional, Salazar, Gary, additional, Szidat, Sönke, additional, Prévôt, André S. H., additional, Fu, Pingqing, additional, Harrison, Roy M., additional, and Shi, Zongbo, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Supplementary material to "Source-specific light absorption by carbonaceous components in the complex aerosol matrix from yearly filter-based measurements"
- Author
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Moschos, Vaios, primary, Gysel-Beer, Martin, additional, Modini, Robin L., additional, Corbin, Joel C., additional, Massabò, Dario, additional, Costa, Camilla, additional, Danelli, Silvia G., additional, Vlachou, Athanasia, additional, Daellenbach, Kaspar R., additional, Szidat, Sönke, additional, Prati, Paolo, additional, Prévôt, André S. H., additional, Baltensperger, Urs, additional, and El Haddad, Imad, additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Source-specific light absorption by carbonaceous components in the complex aerosol matrix from yearly filter-based measurements
- Author
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Moschos, Vaios, primary, Gysel-Beer, Martin, additional, Modini, Robin L., additional, Corbin, Joel C., additional, Massabò, Dario, additional, Costa, Camilla, additional, Danelli, Silvia G., additional, Vlachou, Athanasia, additional, Daellenbach, Kaspar R., additional, Szidat, Sönke, additional, Prati, Paolo, additional, Prévôt, André S. H., additional, Baltensperger, Urs, additional, and El Haddad, Imad, additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Source Apportionment of Carbonaceous Aerosols in Beijing with Radiocarbon and Organic Tracers: Insight into the Differences between Urban and Rural Sites
- Author
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Hou, Siqi, primary, Liu, Di, additional, Xu, Jingsha, additional, Vu, Tuan V., additional, Wu, Xuefang, additional, Srivastava, Deepchandra, additional, Fu, Pingqing, additional, Li, Linjie, additional, Sun, Yele, additional, Vlachou, Athanasia, additional, Moschos, Vaios, additional, Salazar, Gary, additional, Szidat, Sönke, additional, Prévôt, André S. H., additional, Harrison, Roy M., additional, and Shi, Zongbo, additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Supplementary material to "Source Apportionment of Carbonaceous Aerosols in Beijing with Radiocarbon and Organic Tracers: Insight into the Differences between Urban and Rural Sites"
- Author
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Hou, Siqi, primary, Liu, Di, additional, Xu, Jingsha, additional, Vu, Tuan V., additional, Wu, Xuefang, additional, Srivastava, Deepchandra, additional, Fu, Pingqing, additional, Li, Linjie, additional, Sun, Yele, additional, Vlachou, Athanasia, additional, Moschos, Vaios, additional, Salazar, Gary, additional, Szidat, Sönke, additional, Prévôt, André S. H., additional, Harrison, Roy M., additional, and Shi, Zongbo, additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Overview: Integrative and Comprehensive Understanding on Polar Environments (iCUPE) – concept and initial results
- Author
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Petäjä, Tuukka, primary, Duplissy, Ella-Maria, additional, Tabakova, Ksenia, additional, Schmale, Julia, additional, Altstädter, Barbara, additional, Ancellet, Gerard, additional, Arshinov, Mikhail, additional, Balin, Yurii, additional, Baltensperger, Urs, additional, Bange, Jens, additional, Beamish, Alison, additional, Belan, Boris, additional, Berchet, Antoine, additional, Bossi, Rossana, additional, Cairns, Warren R. L., additional, Ebinghaus, Ralf, additional, El Haddad, Imad, additional, Ferreira-Araujo, Beatriz, additional, Franck, Anna, additional, Huang, Lin, additional, Hyvärinen, Antti, additional, Humbert, Angelika, additional, Kalogridis, Athina-Cerise, additional, Konstantinov, Pavel, additional, Lampert, Astrid, additional, MacLeod, Matthew, additional, Magand, Olivier, additional, Mahura, Alexander, additional, Marelle, Louis, additional, Masloboev, Vladimir, additional, Moisseev, Dmitri, additional, Moschos, Vaios, additional, Neckel, Niklas, additional, Onishi, Tatsuo, additional, Osterwalder, Stefan, additional, Ovaska, Aino, additional, Paasonen, Pauli, additional, Panchenko, Mikhail, additional, Pankratov, Fidel, additional, Pernov, Jakob B., additional, Platis, Andreas, additional, Popovicheva, Olga, additional, Raut, Jean-Christophe, additional, Riandet, Aurélie, additional, Sachs, Torsten, additional, Salvatori, Rosamaria, additional, Salzano, Roberto, additional, Schröder, Ludwig, additional, Schön, Martin, additional, Shevchenko, Vladimir, additional, Skov, Henrik, additional, Sonke, Jeroen E., additional, Spolaor, Andrea, additional, Stathopoulos, Vasileios K., additional, Strahlendorff, Mikko, additional, Thomas, Jennie L., additional, Vitale, Vito, additional, Vratolis, Sterios, additional, Barbante, Carlo, additional, Chabrillat, Sabine, additional, Dommergue, Aurélien, additional, Eleftheriadis, Konstantinos, additional, Heilimo, Jyri, additional, Law, Kathy S., additional, Massling, Andreas, additional, Noe, Steffen M., additional, Paris, Jean-Daniel, additional, Prévôt, André S. H., additional, Riipinen, Ilona, additional, Wehner, Birgit, additional, Xie, Zhiyong, additional, and Lappalainen, Hanna K., additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Experimental evidence of the lensing effect suppression for atmospheric black carbon containing brown coatings
- Author
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Moschos, Vaios, primary, Gysel-Beer, Martin, additional, Modini, Robin L., additional, Corbin, Joel C., additional, Massabò, Dario, additional, Costa, Camilla, additional, Danelli, Silvia G., additional, Vlachou, Athanasia, additional, Daellenbach, Kaspar R., additional, Prati, Paolo, additional, Prévôt, André S.H., additional, Baltensperger, Urs, additional, and El Haddad, Imad, additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Characterization of organic aerosol across the Arctic land surface
- Author
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El Haddad, Imad, primary, Moschos, Vaios, additional, Schmale, Julia, additional, Baltensperger, Urs, additional, and Prévôt, André S.H., additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Integrative and comprehensive Understanding on Polar Environments (iCUPE): the concept and initial results
- Author
-
Petäjä, Tuukka, primary, Duplissy, Ella-Maria, additional, Tabakova, Ksenia, additional, Schmale, Julia, additional, Altstädter, Barbara, additional, Ancellet, Gerard, additional, Arshinov, Mikhail, additional, Balin, Yrii, additional, Baltensperger, Urs, additional, Bange, Jens, additional, Beamish, Alison, additional, Belan, Boris, additional, Berchet, Antoine, additional, Bossi, Rossana, additional, Cairns, Warren R. L., additional, Ebinghaus, Ralf, additional, El Haddad, Imad, additional, Ferreira-Araujo, Beatriz, additional, Franck, Anna, additional, Huang, Lin, additional, Hyvärinen, Antti, additional, Humbert, Angelika, additional, Kalogridis, Athina-Cerise, additional, Kontantinov, Pavel, additional, Lampert, Astrid, additional, MacLeod, Matthew, additional, Magand, Olivier, additional, Mahura, Alexander, additional, Marelle, Louis, additional, Masloboev, Vladimir, additional, Moisseev, Dmitri, additional, Moschos, Vaios, additional, Neckel, Niklas, additional, Onishi, Tatsuo, additional, Osterwalder, Stefan, additional, Ovaska, Aino, additional, Paasonen, Pauli, additional, Panchenko, Mikhail, additional, Pankratov, Fidel, additional, Pernov, Jakob B., additional, Platis, Andreas, additional, Popovicheva, Olga, additional, Raut, Jean-Christophe, additional, Riandet, Aurélie, additional, Sachs, Torsten, additional, Salvatori, Rosamaria, additional, Salzano, Roberto, additional, Schröder, Ludwig, additional, Schön, Martin, additional, Shevchenko, Vladimir, additional, Skov, Henrik, additional, Sonke, Jeroen E., additional, Spolaor, Andrea, additional, Stathopoulos, Vasileios, additional, Strahlendorff, Mikko, additional, Thomas, Jennie L., additional, Vitale, Vito, additional, Vratolis, Sterios, additional, Barbante, Carlo, additional, Chabrillat, Sabine, additional, Dommergue, Aurélien, additional, Eleftheriadis, Konstantinos, additional, Heilimö, Jyri, additional, Law, Kathy S., additional, Massling, Andreas, additional, Noe, Steffen M., additional, Paris, Jean-Daniel, additional, Prévôt, André, additional, Riipinen, Ilona, additional, Wehner, Birgit, additional, Xie, Zhiyong, additional, and Lappalainen, Hanna K., additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. An evaluation of source apportionment of fine OC and PM2.5 by multiple methods: APHH-Beijing campaigns as a case study.
- Author
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Xu, Jingsha, Srivastava, Deepchandra, Wu, Xuefang, Hou, Siqi, Vu, Tuan V., Liu, Di, Sun, Yele, Vlachou, Athanasia, Moschos, Vaios, Salazar, Gary, Szidat, Sönke, Prévôt, André S. H., Fu, Pingqing, Harrison, Roy M., and Shi, Zongbo
- Abstract
This study aims to critically evaluate the source apportionment of fine particles by multiple receptor modelling approaches, including carbon mass balance modelling of filter-based radiocarbon (
14 C) data, Chemical Mass Balance (CMB) and Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) analysis on filter-based chemical speciation data, and PMF analysis on Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS-PMF) or Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor (ACSM-PMF) data. These data were collected as part of the APHH-Beijing (Atmospheric Pollution and Human Health in a Chinese Megacity) field observation campaigns from 10th November to 12th December in winter 2016 and from 22nd May to 24th June in summer 2017.14 C analysis revealed the predominant contribution of fossil fuel combustion to carbonaceous aerosols in winter compared with non-fossil fuel sources, which is supported by the results from other methods. An extended Gelencsér (EG) method incorporating14 C data, as well as the CMB and AMS/ACSM-PMF methods, generated a consistent source apportionment for fossil fuel related primary organic carbon. Coal combustion, traffic and biomass burning POC were comparable for CMB and AMS/ACSM-PMF. There are uncertainties in the EG method when estimating biomass burning and cooking OC. The POC from cooking estimated by different methods was poorly correlated, suggesting a large uncertainty when differentiating this source type. The PM2.5 source apportionment results varied between different methods. Through a comparison and correlation analysis of CMB, PMF and AMS/ACSM-PMF, the CMB method appears to give the most complete and representative source apportionment of Beijing aerosols. Based upon the CMB results, fine aerosols in Beijing were mainly secondary inorganic ion formation, secondary organic aerosol formation, primary coal combustion and from biomass burning emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Source-specific light absorption by carbonaceous components in the complex aerosol matrix from yearly filter-based measurements.
- Author
-
Moschos, Vaios, Gysel-Beer, Martin, Modini, Robin L., Corbin, Joel C., Massabò, Dario, Costa, Camilla, Danelli, Silvia G., Vlachou, Athanasia, Daellenbach, Kaspar R., Szidat, Sönke, Prati, Paolo, Prévôt, André S. H., Baltensperger, Urs, and Haddad, Imad El
- Abstract
Understanding the sources of light-absorbing organic (brown) carbon (BrC) and its interaction with black carbon (BC) and other non-refractory particulate matter (NR-PM) fractions is important for reducing uncertainties in the aerosol direct radiative forcing. In this study, we combine multiple filter-based techniques to achieve long-term, spectrally-resolved, source- and species-specific atmospheric absorption closure. We determine the total aerosol absorption at seven wavelengths based on the Aethalometer attenuation measurements, calibrated with the multi-wavelength absorption analyzer. We measure the spectrally-resolved imaginary part of the refractive index, k, for methanol extracts and determine the source-specific k for organic aerosol (OA) fractions using positive matrix factorization. The average k at 370 nm is found to be 0.06 for fresh biomass smoke, 0.03 for winter-oxygenated OA, and 0.006 for other less absorbing OA, which translates to corresponding mass absorption efficiencies (MAE) in dilute bulk solutions of 1.4, 0.7 and 0.13 m
2 g−1 . We apply Mie calculations to estimate the contributions of these fractions to total aerosol absorption. While enhanced absorption in the near-UV has been traditionally attributed to primary biomass smoke, here we show that anthropogenic oxygenated OA may be as important for BrC absorption during winter, especially at an urban background site. We demonstrate the absence of tar-balls in residential biomass burning particles of this study, and attribute the totality of the NR-PM absorption at shorter wavelengths to methanol-extractable BrC. As for BC, we show that the mass absorption cross-section (MAC) of this fraction is independent of its source, while we observe evidence for a lensing effect associated with the presence of NR-PM components. We find that bare BC has a MAC of 6.3 m2 g−1 at 660 nm and an absorption Ångström exponent (AAE) of 0.93 ± 0.16, while in the presence of coatings its absorption is enhanced by a factor of ~1.4. This falls within the global average enhancement factor of 1.5 ± 0.3 from filter-based techniques. Based on Mie-calculations of closure between observed and predicted total light absorption, we provide the first experimental evidence for a suppression of the lensing effect by BrC. The total absorption suppression remains modest, ~10-20 % at 370 nm, and is restricted to shorter wavelengths where BrC absorption is significant. Our long-term observations at locations representative of European urban background and rural Alpine sites show that extractable particulate BrC accounts for ~30 % of the absorption in the near-UV range (370 nm) on a yearly basis. However, if lensing suppression occurred due to internal mixing of BC and BrC as apparently the case for many samples in our study, then the additional absorption by BrC (vs transparent OA) would be partially compensated by a concurrent BC lensing factor reduction, which manifests as lower than expected total aerosol AAE values. Overall, when integrated with the solar spectrum at 300-900 nm, bare BC is found to contribute around two thirds of the solar radiation absorption by total carbonaceous aerosols, amplified by the lensing effect (with an interquartile range, IQR, of 8-27 %), while the IQR of yearly average contributions by particulate BrC is 6-13 % (13-20 % at the rural site during winter). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Source Apportionment of Carbonaceous Aerosols in Beijing with Radiocarbon and Organic Tracers: Insight into the Differences between Urban and Rural Sites.
- Author
-
Siqi Hou, Di Liu, Jingsha Xu, Vu, Tuan V., Xuefang Wu, Srivastava, Deepchandra, Pingqing Fu, Linjie Li, Yele Sun, Vlachou, Athanasia, Moschos, Vaios, Salazar, Gary, Szidat, Sönke, Prévôt, André S. H., Harrison, Roy M., and Zongbo Shi
- Abstract
Carbonaceous aerosol is the dominant component of fine particles in Beijing. However, it is challenging to apportion its sources. Here, we applied a newly developed method which combined radiocarbon (
14 C) with organic tracers to apportion the sources of fine carbonaceous particles at an urban (IAP) and a rural (PG) site of Beijing. PM2.5 filter samples (24-h) were collected at both sites from 10 November to 11 December 2016 and from 22 May to 24 June 2017.14 C was determined in 25 aerosol samples (13 at IAP and 12 at PG) representing low pollution to haze conditions. Biomass burning tracers (levoglucosan, mannosan and galactosan) in the samples were also determined using GC-MS. Higher contributions of fossil-derived OC (OCf ) were found at the urban site. OCf to OC ratio decreased in the summer samples (IAP: 67.8 ± 4.0 % in winter and 54.2 ± 11.7 % in summer; PG: 59.3 ± 5.7 % in winter and 50.0 ± 9.0 % in summer) due to less consumption of coal in the warm season. A novel extended Gelencsér method incorporating the14 C and organic tracer data was developed to estimate the fossil and non-fossil sources of primary and secondary OC (POC and SOC). It showed that fossil-derived POC was the largest contributor to OC (35.8 ± 10.5 % and 34.1 ± 8.7 % in winter time for IAP and PG, 28.9 ± 7.4 % and 28.9 ± 9.6 % in summer), regardless of season. SOC contributed 50.0 ± 12.3 % and 47.2 ± 15.5 % at IAP, and 42.0 ± 11.7 % and 43.0 ± 13.4 % at PG in the winter and summer sampling periods respectively, within which the fossil-derived SOC was predominant and contributed more in winter. The non-fossil fractions of SOC increased in summer due to a larger biogenic component. Concentrations of biomass burning OC (OCbb ) are resolved by the extended Gelencsér method with average contributions (to total OC) of 10.6 ± 1.7 % and 10.4 ± 1.5 % in winter at IAP and PG, and 6.5 ± 5.2 % and 17.9 ± 3.5 % in summer, respectively. Correlations of water-insoluble OC (WINSOC), water-soluble OC (WSOC) with POC and SOC showed that although WINSOC was the major contributor to POC, a non-negligible fraction of WINSOC was found in SOC for both fossil and non-fossil sources especially during winter. In summer, a greater proportion of WSOC from non-fossil sources was found in SOC. Comparisons of the source apportionment results with those obtained from a Chemical Mass Balance model were generally good, except for the cooking aerosol. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Source Apportionment of Brown Carbon Absorption by Coupling Ultraviolet–Visible Spectroscopy with Aerosol Mass Spectrometry
- Author
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Moschos, Vaios, primary, Kumar, Nivedita K., additional, Daellenbach, Kaspar R., additional, Baltensperger, Urs, additional, Prévôt, André S. H., additional, and El Haddad, Imad, additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Source Apportionment of Brown Carbon Absorption by Coupling Ultraviolet–Visible Spectroscopy with Aerosol Mass Spectrometry
- Author
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Moschos, Vaios, Kumar, Nivedita K., Daellenbach, Kaspar R., Baltensperger, Urs, Prévôt, André S.H., and El Haddad, Imad
- Subjects
Wood burning ,Positive matrix factorization ,13. Climate action ,Light absorption in the atmosphere ,source apportionment ,Aerosol mass spectrometry ,UV/visible spectroscopy ,Organic aerosols ,Mass absorption coefficient - Abstract
Environmental Science & Technology Letters, 5 (6), ISSN:2328-8930
30. An evaluation of source apportionment of fine OC and PM 2.5 by multiple methods: APHH-Beijing campaigns as a case study.
- Author
-
Xu J, Srivastava D, Wu X, Hou S, Vu TV, Liu D, Sun Y, Vlachou A, Moschos V, Salazar G, Szidat S, Prévôt ASH, Fu P, Harrison RM, and Shi Z
- Subjects
- Aerosols analysis, Beijing, Environmental Monitoring, Humans, Air Pollutants analysis, Particulate Matter analysis
- Abstract
This study aims to critically evaluate the source apportionment of fine particles by multiple receptor modelling approaches, including carbon mass balance modelling of filter-based radiocarbon (
14 C) data, Chemical Mass Balance (CMB) and Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) analysis on filter-based chemical speciation data, and PMF analysis on Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS-PMF) or Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor (ACSM-PMF) data. These data were collected as part of the APHH-Beijing (Atmospheric Pollution and Human Health in a Chinese Megacity) field observation campaigns from 10th November to 12th December in winter 2016 and from 22nd May to 24th June in summer 2017.14 C analysis revealed the predominant contribution of fossil fuel combustion to carbonaceous aerosols in winter compared with non-fossil fuel sources, which is supported by the results from other methods. An extended Gelencsér (EG) method incorporating14 C data, as well as the CMB and AMS/ACSM-PMF methods, generated a consistent source apportionment for fossil fuel related primary organic carbon. Coal combustion, traffic and biomass burning POC were comparable for CMB and AMS/ACSM-PMF. There are uncertainties in the EG method when estimating biomass burning and cooking OC. The POC from cooking estimated by different methods was poorly correlated, suggesting a large uncertainty when differentiating this source type. The PM2.5 source apportionment results varied between different methods. Through a comparison and correlation analysis of CMB, PMF and AMS/ACSM-PMF, the CMB method appears to give the most complete and representative source apportionment of Beijing aerosols. Based upon the CMB results, fine aerosols in Beijing were mainly secondary inorganic ion formation, secondary organic aerosol formation, primary coal combustion and from biomass burning emissions.- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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