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Protein-based systems for light directed migration of cells have been demonstrated up to distances of several hundred microns, but larger distances in the centimeter scale would allow new possible applications. Light activated migration in mammalian cells can be achieved by cells expressing channelrhodopsin-2 and an engineered Ca2+ sensitive Rac1 protein called RACer. In this study, light was used to induce wound healing, localize cells into a region of interest, and move cells over centimeter scale distances. Given the spatially complex organization of different types of cells in real tissue, light directed migration over the centimeter scale could potentially organize cell type arrangement to help develop more realistic tissues for transplantation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The authors convey their concerns about a report on managing autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in Bangladesh by using existing resources. Topics mentioned include the Rapid Neurodevelopmental Assessment for early screening of ASD in resource constrained countries, the number of mobile subscribers and internet users in Bangladesh according to Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commission, and promotion of community-based social networking in resource-constrained developing countries.

Unlike India and Pakistan, no specialised haemophilia treatment centre is established in Bangladesh and other lower-middle income countries. According to the World Federation of Haemophilia (WFH), an estimated 1,125,000 males are currently living with haemophilia worldwide, including 418,000 with severe haemophilia.1,2 Notably, about 80% of people with haemophilia (PWH) reside in developing countries.3 Haemophilia is an incurable disease except for some advanced therapies (i.e. gene therapy) offering a potential cure, which are only available for a limited number of patients.4 Patients require life-long expensive factor replacement therapy. Haemophilia is a rare X-linked bleeding disorder affecting clotting factor VIII (Haemophilia A) or factor IX (Haemophilia B) genes, particularly manifested among males, while females are usually asymptomatic carriers. [Extracted from the article]