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Acalabrutinib, a Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor, demonstrated greater selectivity and improved safety versus ibrutinib in a head-to-head trial in relapsed/refractory (R/R) chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. In the R/R marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) cohort (phase 2) of a phase 1b/2 trial (NCT02180711), 43 patients with MZL and at least one prior therapy received acalabrutinib 100 mg twice daily until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity [median age 69 years (range 42-84); median one (1-4) prior systemic regimens]. Median follow-up was 13.3 months (range 0.5-45.5). Among 40 patients evaluable for response, investigator-assessed overall response rate was 53% [95% confidence interval (CI) 36%-69%] with five (13%) complete responses. Tumour reduction occurred in 40 (93%) of the treated patients. Median time to response was 2.9 months (median duration of response not estimable). Estimated median progression-free survival (PFS) was 27.4 months (12-month PFS rate, 67%). Five patients died (disease progression, n = 4; septic shock, n = 1). Seventeen patients (40%) had grade 3 or higher adverse events (AEs), most commonly neutropenia (14%), anaemia, dyspnoea (7% each), fatigue and thrombocytopenia (5% each). Hypertension occurred in 5%; atrial fibrillation/flutter and major haemorrhage were not reported. AEs led to treatment discontinuation in three (7%) patients. Acalabrutinib was active and well tolerated in patients with R/R MZL.

PDF file - 58K, Study design and patient flow by intent to treat (ITT).

PDF file - 53K, Validation of gene expression data using QPCR compared to microarray values (data reported as fold change).

Purpose: This phase II study evaluated bortezomib-based secondary induction and stem cell mobilization in 38 transplant-eligible patients with myeloma who had an incomplete and stalled response to, or had relapsed after, previous immunomodulatory drug-based induction.Experimental Design: Patients received up to six 21-day cycles of bortezomib plus dexamethasone, with added liposomal doxorubicin for patients not achieving partial response or better by cycle 2 or very good partial response or better (≥VGPR) by cycle 4 (DoVeD), followed by bortezomib, high-dose cyclophosphamide, and filgrastim mobilization. Gene expression/signaling pathway analyses were conducted in purified CD34+ cells after bortezomib-based mobilization and compared against patients who received only filgrastim ± cyclophosphamide. Plasma samples were similarly analyzed for quantification of associated protein markers.Results: The response rate to DoVeD relative to the pre-DoVeD baseline was 61%, including 39% ≥VGPR. Deeper responses were achieved in 10 of 27 patients who received bortezomib-based mobilization; postmobilization response rate was 96%, including 48% ≥VGPR, relative to the pre-DoVeD baseline. Median CD34+ cell yield was 23.2 × 106 cells/kg (median of 1 apheresis session). After a median follow-up of 46.6 months, median progression-free survival was 47.1 months from DoVeD initiation; 5-year overall survival rate was 76.4%. Grade ≥3 adverse events included thrombocytopenia (13%), hand–foot syndrome (11%), peripheral neuropathy (8%), and neutropenia (5%). Bortezomib-based mobilization was associated with modulated expression of genes involved in stem cell migration.Conclusion: Bortezomib-based secondary induction and mobilization could represent an alternative strategy for elimination of tumor burden in immunomodulatory drug-resistant patients that does not impact stem cell yield. Clin Cancer Res; 19(6); 1534–46. ©2013 AACR.

PDF file - 72K, Most common all-grade and grade ≥3 AEs during DoVeD induction and bortezomib-based stem cell mobilization.

Supplementary Figures S1-S3 from MAGE-A Inhibits Apoptosis in Proliferating Myeloma Cells through Repression of Bax and Maintenance of Survivin

PDF file - 60K, Kaplan-Meier estimates of (A)PFS and (B)OS in patients in the ITT population (N-38).

Purpose: The type I Melanoma Antigen GEnes (MAGEs) are commonly expressed in cancers, fueling speculation that they may be therapeutic targets with oncogenic potential. They form complexes with RING domain proteins that have E3 ubiquitin ligase activity and promote p53 degradation. MAGE-A3 was detected in tumor specimens from patients with multiple myeloma and its expression correlated with higher frequencies of Ki-67+ malignant cells. In this report, we examine the mechanistic role of MAGE-A in promoting survival of proliferating multiple myeloma cells.Experimental Design: The impact of MAGE-A3 expression on survival and proliferation in vivo was examined by immunohistochemical analysis in an independent set of tumor specimens segregated into two groups: newly diagnosed, untreated patients and patients who had relapsed after chemotherapy. The mechanisms of MAGE-A3 activity were investigated in vitro by silencing its expression by short hairpin RNA interference in myeloma cell lines and primary cells and assessing the resultant effects on proliferation and apoptosis.Results: MAGE-A3 was detected in a significantly higher percentage of relapsed patients compared with newly diagnosed, establishing a novel correlation with progression of disease. Silencing of MAGE-A showed that it was dispensable for cell cycling, but was required for survival of proliferating myeloma cells. Loss of MAGE-A led to apoptosis mediated by p53-dependent activation of proapoptotic Bax expression and by reduction of survivin expression through both p53-dependent and -independent mechanisms.Conclusions: These data support a role for MAGE-A in the pathogenesis and progression of multiple myeloma by inhibiting apoptosis in proliferating myeloma cells through two novel mechanisms. Clin Cancer Res; 17(13); 4309–19. ©2011 AACR.

PDF file - 59K, Responses rates after DoVeD induction, bortezomib- or non-bortezomib-based mobilization, and SCT.

Purpose: Marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) is an uncommon non–Hodgkin lymphoma with malignant cells that exhibit a consistent dependency on B-cell receptor signaling. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of zanubrutinib, a next-generation selective Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) MZL. Patients and Methods: Patients with R/R MZL were enrolled in the phase II MAGNOLIA (BGB-3111–214) study. The primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR) as determined by an independent review committee (IRC) based on the Lugano 2014 classification. Results: Sixty-eight patients were enrolled. After a median follow-up of 15.7 months (range, 1.6 to 21.9 months), the IRC-assessed ORR was 68.2% and complete response (CR) was 25.8%. The ORR by investigator assessment was 74.2%, and the CR rate was 25.8%. The median duration of response (DOR) and median progression-free survival (PFS) by independent review was not reached. The IRC-assessed DOR rate at 12 months was 93.0%, and IRC-assessed PFS rate was 82.5% at both 12 and 15 months. Treatment was well tolerated with the majority of adverse events (AE) being grade 1 or 2. The most common AEs were diarrhea (22.1%), contusion (20.6%), and constipation (14.7%). Atrial fibrillation/flutter was reported in 2 patients; 1 patient had grade 3 hypertension. No patient experienced major hemorrhage. In total, 4 patients discontinued treatment due to AEs, none of which were considered treatment-related by the investigators. Conclusions: Zanubrutinib demonstrated high ORR and CR rate with durable disease control and a favorable safety profile in patients with R/R MZL.

Parsaclisib, a potent, highly selective, next-generation PI3Kδ inhibitor, was evaluated as monotherapy in CITADEL-202 (NCT02998476), an open-label, multicenter, phase 2 study in patients with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Patients enrolled into 2 groups (A, Bruton tyrosine kinase [BTK] inhibitor naïve, n = 55; B, BTK inhibitor experienced, n = 5) received oral parsaclisib 20 mg once daily for 8 weeks, then 20 mg once weekly while deriving benefit. The futility boundary was crossed at the interim analysis of Group A, resulting in a negative study. Parsaclisib monotherapy demonstrated an objective response rate (ORR) of 25.5% (8 complete metabolic responses/6 partial metabolic responses) and a median duration of response of 6.2 months. ORR in Group B was 20.0% (1 complete metabolic response). Parsaclisib monotherapy demonstrated manageable toxicities with no new safety signals reported. Further evaluation of parsaclisib in combination with standard therapies and active investigational agents is underway. ispartof: LEUKEMIA & LYMPHOMA vol:62 issue:2 pages:368-376 ispartof: location:United States status: published

Objectives The combination of lenalidomide + rituximab (R2) has shown complementary clinical activity and is a tolerable regimen in both untreated and relapsed or refractory (R/R) indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), as well as mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), an uncommon but aggressive form of NHL. The MAGNIFY phase 3 trial previously reported an ORR of 54% in patients with R/R MCL (Sharman J, et al. Hematol Oncol. 2019). Presented here are updated analyses from this trial. Materials and methods MAGNIFY is a multicenter, phase 3b trial (NCT01996865) in patients with R/R follicular lymphoma (FL) grades 1–3b, transformed FL, marginal zone lymphoma, and MCL. Lenalidomide 20 mg on d 1–21 of a 28-d cycle + rituximab 375 mg/m2/wk cycle 1 and then every 8 wk starting with cycle 3 (R2) is given for 12 cycles followed by 1:1 randomization in patients with stable disease, partial response, or complete response/complete response unconfirmed (CR/CRu) to R2 vs rituximab maintenance for 18 mo. The primary end point is progression-free survival (PFS) by 1999 International Working Group (IWG) criteria. Secondary end points include safety, CR rate, duration of response (DOR), duration of CR (DOCR), time-to-response (TTR), time-to-next antilymphoma therapy, and overall survival. This analysis evaluates the interim primary endpoint of overall response rate (ORR) by 1999 IWG criteria and safety of R2 induction in patients with MCL in the induction intention-to-treat population. Results As of August 28, 2020, 73 patients with MCL were enrolled (median age, 70.0 y [range, 51–88]); 89% had stage III/IV disease, and 41% had bulky disease (> 7 cm or > 3 cm ×3 lymph nodes). All patients had received prior rituximab-containing therapy, with 25 (34%) rituximab refractory (progression ≤ 6 mo after last rituximab dose). Seven patients (10%) had received prior ibrutinib. Median follow-up was 31.7 mo for patients still alive. ORR was 51%, with 34% CR rate (CR + CRu). Response rates were similar in patients refractory to rituximab (ORR = 48%, CR/CRu = 32%) and patients not refractory to rituximab (ORR = 52%, CR/CRu = 35%). Median DOR was 31.6 mo; median DOCR was not reached; median TTR was 2.8 mo, and median PFS was 28.0 mo, with 1-year PFS rate of 57%. The most common treatment emergent adverse events (TEAEs) of any grade were neutropenia (51%), fatigue (44%), diarrhea (32%), constipation (28%), cough (28%), dyspnea (26%), and nausea (26%). Grade 3/4 neutropenia was 46%; all other grade 3/4 TEAEs were ≤ 11%. Discussion R2 is an active and tolerated regimen with durable responses among patients with R/R MCL and mostly naive to Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy. Conclusions These results suggest that R2 should be considered as a therapeutic option for patients with R/R MCL.

Objectives Relapse is expected when treating patients with follicular lymphoma (FL) and marginal zone lymphoma (MZL), with a shortened response associated with each relapse. Lenalidomide combined with rituximab (R2) has shown enhanced activity, with a recently reported median progression free-survival (PFS) of 39.4 months in patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma, including those with FL and MZL (Augment; J Clin Oncol. 2019;37:1188). Materials and methods MAGNIFY is a multicenter, phase 3b trial (NCT01996865) in patients with R/R follicular lymphoma (FL) grades 1–3b, transformed FL (tFL), MZL, and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Lenalidomide 20 mg on d 1–21 of a 28-d cycle + rituximab 375 mg/m2/wk cycle 1 and then every 8 wk starting with cycle 3 (R2) is given for 12 cycles followed by 1:1 randomization in patients with stable disease, partial response, or complete response/complete response unconfirmed (CR/CRu) to R2 vs rituximab maintenance for 18 mo. The primary end point is progression-free survival (PFS) by 1999 International Working Group criteria. Secondary end points include safety, CR rate, duration of response (DOR), duration of CR, time-to-response, time-to-next antilymphoma therapy, and overall survival. Data presented here focus on induction R2 in efficacy-evaluable patients with MZL compared with the overall population of FL grades 1–3a+MZL (not including FL grade 3b, tFL, or MCL) receiving ≥ 1 treatment with baseline/post-baseline assessments. Results As of August 28, 2020, 394 patients with FL grades 1–3a and MZL enrolled; 76 (19%) had MZL. The median age of patients with MZL was 68 years (range, 46–90), 68 (89%) had stage III/IV disease, and 72 (95%) had prior rituximab-containing therapy. Overall response rate in the MZL and overall population was 66% and 75% with 39% and 44% having a CR/CRu. Median DOR was 38.6 months (95% CI, 29.4–not reached [NR]) and NR (95% CI, 38.6–NR). The median PFS was 40.9 months (95% CI, 27.8–NR) and 41.2 months (95% CI, 38.7–NR). In the MZL population, 43 patients (57%) have completed 12 cycles of R2, and 42 (55%) have been randomized and entered maintenance. Twenty-eight patients (37%) prematurely discontinued both lenalidomide and rituximab, primarily due to adverse events (AEs; n = 11; 14%) and progressive disease (n = 6; 8%). The most common (≥ 20%) all-grade AEs were neutropenia (49%), fatigue (43%), diarrhea (37%), thrombocytopenia (24%), constipation (24%), and anemia (22%). Most common (≥ 10%) grade 3/4 AEs were neutropenia (41%; 1 patient [1%] had febrile neutropenia), thrombocytopenia (13%), and leukopenia (13%). Discussion R2 is active with a tolerable safety profile in patients with R/R MZL. The efficacy and safety profile of R2 in patient with MZL were similar to results observed in the overall MAGNIFY population. Conclusions These results suggest that R2 should be considered as a therapeutic option for patients with R/R MZL.

Combination treatment regimens including a proteasome inhibitor (PI), an immunomodulatory agent (IMiD) and a corticosteroid are standards of care for initial treatment of multiple myeloma (MM). We aimed to evaluate if a sequential treatment program using PI induction followed by IMiD based consolidation and maintenance could achieve similar outcomes with reduced toxicities. This phase 2 study was designed to assess the safety and efficacy of the Car-BiRd regimen: carfilzomib and dexamethasone (Kd) induction until maximum response, followed by lenalidomide, clarithromycin and dexamethasone (BiRd) consolidation until next maximum response, then lenalidomide maintenance in patients with newly diagnosed MM. Seventy-two patients, including both transplant eligible and ineligible patients, were enrolled and evaluated for response. The overall response rate to the Car-BiRd regimen was 94% with 83% of patients achieving a ≥ VGPR and 35% achieving a CR/sCR. The rate of CR/sCR increased from 7% with Kd induction to 21% with BiRd consolidation and 35% with lenalidomide maintenance. These results did not meet the study's target endpoint of a CR rate of 55%. The median PFS using this deferred transplant approach was 37.3 months (95% CI 27.9, 52.7) and median OS was not reached with a median follow-up of 60 months. Toxicities were primarily low grade and manageable. Hematologic toxicities were lower than those expected with a combination PI/IMiD protocol. The sequential Car-BiRd regimen is an effective and safe approach for the upfront treatment of MM including patients unfit for transplant.

Background: Marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) is rare and heterogeneous and it has been difficult to define optimal therapeutic strategies. Like other indolent non-Hodgkin lymphomas, advanced stage disease is considered incurable, with most patients experiencing a continuing pattern of relapse and remission. MZL is typically dependent on B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling suggesting a role for BCR pathway targeting via inhibition of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK). The utility of this approach was confirmed by the pivotal phase 2 study demonstrating a 48% objective response rate (ORR) to ibrutinib in patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) MZL (Noy et al. Blood. 2017;129:2224-2232). Zanubrutinib (BGB-3111) is a potent, highly specific, and irreversible next-generation BTK inhibitor. It was specifically designed to maximize BTK occupancy and minimize off-target inhibition of TEC- and EGFR-family kinases, which are thought to be related to atrial fibrillation, thrombocytopenia, and bleeding events. In an early-phase study (BGB-3111-AU-003) of 20 patients with R/R MZL treated with zanubrutinib, at a median follow-up of 27.1 months, the ORR was 80%, with a complete response (CR) rate of 15%, and partial response (PR) rate of 65% (Tedeschi et al. EHA 2020, abstract 2804). Presented here are initial efficacy and safety data in patients with R/R MZL enrolled in the MAGNOLIA trial (BGB-3111-214). Methods: MAGNOLIA is a phase 2, multicenter, single-arm study of adult patients requiring systemic treatment for R/R MZL who had previously received one or more lines of therapy including at least one CD20-directed regimen. All patients were treated with zanubrutinib 160 mg twice daily until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Use of long-term antiplatelet and anticoagulation agents was permitted. The primary end point was ORR as determined by an independent review committee in accordance with the Lugano classification. Secondary end points include ORR by investigator assessment, duration of response (DOR), progression-free survival (PFS), and safety. Results: In total, 68 patients were enrolled and treated. The median age was 70 years (range, 37-95), with 28% aged ≥75 years. MZL subtypes included extranodal (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue) in 38%, nodal in 38%, splenic in 18%, and unknown in 6% of patients. The median number of prior therapies was 2 (range, 1-6), and 35% of patients had disease refractory to last therapy. At a median follow-up of 6.8 months (range, 1.6-12.8), 67 patients were evaluable for efficacy. Investigator-assessed ORR (CR + PR) was 60% (CR 15%, PR 45%, stable disease 27%). Responses were observed in all MZL subtypes, with an ORR of 58%, 64%, 58%, and 50% in extranodal, nodal, splenic, and unknown subtypes, respectively. CR rate was 23% for extranodal MZL, 12% for nodal, and 50% for unknown subtype. CR was not observed in patients with splenic MZL. The median DOR and median PFS were not reached. Twenty-one (30.9%) patients discontinued study treatment. Treatment discontinuation was mainly due to disease progression (16 patients; 23.5%); 1 withdrew consent, 2 required prohibited medications, and 2 due to adverse events (AEs) - 1 from pyrexia (later attributed to disease transformation) and 1 from myocardial infarction. The most common treatment-emergent AEs reported in ≥10% of patients were diarrhea (19.1%), bruising (17.6%), constipation (13.2%), pyrexia (10.3%), upper respiratory tract infection (10.3%), and nausea (10.3%). Most AEs were low grade. Neutropenia was the most common grade ≥3 AE (7.3%). Treatment-related serious AEs included atrial flutter, pyrexia, pneumonia, and thrombocytopenia (1 patient each). One patient with pre-existing coronary artery disease died from myocardial infarction, which was assessed as unrelated to zanubrutinib. All-grade AEs of interest included neutropenia (10.3%), thrombocytopenia (10.3%), and atrial flutter (1.5%). To date, no major hemorrhage, serious opportunistic infection, or tumor lysis syndrome have been reported. Conclusion: Preliminary results of this phase 2 study suggest that zanubrutinib is active in R/R MZL, with a favorable safety profile. (NCT03846427) Disclosures Opat: Beigene: Research Funding; Merck: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; AstraZenca: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; F. Hoffman-La Roche Ltd: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Travel accomodations, Research Funding; AbbVie: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Amgen: Research Funding; Epizyme: Research Funding; Mundipharma: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; CSL: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Gilead: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Tedeschi:AstraZeneca: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; BeiGene: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; AbbVie: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Janssen spa: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Department of Hematology Niguarda Hospital Milano: Current Employment; Sunesis: Consultancy. Linton:The Christie NHS Foundation Trust and The University of Manchester: Current Employment; BeiGene: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Celgene: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Conference/travel support; Roche: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Gilead: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Karyopharm: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Takeda: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company), Patents & Royalties; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company); Hartley-Taylor: Honoraria. McKay:Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Gilead: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; BeiGene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Janssen: Honoraria, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company), Speakers Bureau; TAKEDA: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company), Speakers Bureau; Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre: Current Employment; Roche: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Roche, Gilead, Takeda, and Janssen: Other: For lectures etc. Hu:Kite: Consultancy, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company); Cellectar: Consultancy, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company); Beigene: Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company). Chan:Celgene: Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company); Roche: Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company); AbbVie: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Janssen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company), Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Amgen: Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company). Jin:The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University: Current Employment. Zinzani:Immune Design: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Kyowa Kirin: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Verastem: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Sanofi: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; ADC Therapeutics: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Kirin Kyowa: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; EUSA Pharma: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Servier: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; TG Therapeutics, Inc.: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Roche: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Incyte: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Takeda: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; AbbVie: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Gilead: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; BMS: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Merck: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Eusapharma: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Celltrion: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Portola: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Celgene: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Janssen-Cilag: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Sandoz: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; MSD: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Immune Design: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau. Browett:Janssen: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Shire: Research Funding; Roche: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company), Research Funding; University of Auckland: Current Employment; BeiGene: Research Funding. Coleman:BeiGene: Research Funding; Acerta: Research Funding; Innocare: Research Funding. Sobieraj-Teague:Flinders Medical Centre: Current Employment; Janssen: Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company). Ke:Peking University Third Hospital: Current Employment. Sun:Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union of Medical College: Current Employment. Marcus:Gilead: Consultancy; Roche: Honoraria; Janssen: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau. Portell:Xencor: Research Funding; Roche/Genentech: Consultancy, Research Funding; Amgen: Consultancy; Bayer: Consultancy; BeiGene: Consultancy, Research Funding; Kite: Consultancy, Research Funding; Acerta/AstraZeneca: Research Funding; Janssen: Consultancy; Pharmacyclics: Consultancy; AbbVie: Research Funding; TG Therapeutics: Research Funding; Infinity: Research Funding. Zhou:Henan Cancer Hospital: Current Employment. Thieblemont:Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company); Amgen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company); Bristol-Myers Squibb: Consultancy, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company); Incyte: Honoraria; AbbVie: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company); Cellectis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company), Speakers Bureau; Hospira: Research Funding; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: travel support; Kite, a Gilead Company: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company); Bayer: Honoraria; Roche: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company), Research Funding. Co:BeiGene: Current Employment, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company), Research Funding. Wang:BeiGene: Current Employment. Tankersley:Clovis Oncology, Inc: Ended employment in the past 24 months; BeiGene: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company). Zhou:BeiGene: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center: Ended employment in the past 24 months. Cappellini:BeiGene Ltd.: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company, Divested equity in a private or publicly-traded company in the past 24 months; BeiGene Aus Pty. Ltd.: Current Employment. Huang:BeiGene: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company). Trotman:BeiGene: Research Funding; Janssen: Research Funding; Celgene: Research Funding; Takeda: Research Funding; Pharmacyclics LLC, an AbbVie Company: Research Funding; Roche: Other: Travel/accommodations/expenses, Research Funding. OffLabel Disclosure: Zanubrutinib has not been approved for MZL in the US

Ibrutinib, an irreversible Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is an effective treatment for Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and several other types of lymphoma. Studies prior to FDA approval in 2015 failed to demonstrate any hepatotoxicity. However, since then, there have been 2 reports in the literature of severe hepatic injury. We present a third case of a 77-year-old woman presenting with nausea and jaundice after recent discontinuation of ibrutinib and compare the presentation as well as course of all 3 known cases. The sudden onset of acute hepatotoxicity is idiosyncratic, occurring weeks after starting ibrutinib treatment. Liver biopsies in all cases revealed mixed hepatocellular and cholestatic features. Improvement progressed slowly upon discontinuation of ibrutinib. Awareness of ibrutinib hepatotoxicity, periodic surveillance of liver function tests, early recognition of any abnormalities, and prompt discontinuation of the medication are recommended.

High-dose melphalan (MEL200) followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) remains a standard of care for multiple myeloma (MM). Bendamustine induces responses in MM resistant to other alkylators. Our prior Phase I trial adding bendamustine to MEL200 transplant conditioning resulted in no additional toxicity. We now report a single-arm, phase II study that evaluated the efficacy of bendamustine 225 mg/m2 with MEL200 conditioning for ASCT in 18 patients with newly diagnosed MM (NDMM) and 17 with relapsed or refractory MM (RRMM). The primary end point was the complete response (CR/sCR) rate at day+ 100. Sample size was determined according to Simon's two-stage design. At stage 1, sixteen patients entered the study. As there were eight patients with CR/sCR, enrollment increased to 28 patients. Sixteen out of the first 28 evaluable patients achieved CR/sCR, meeting the design criteria. Enrollment was then expanded to a total of 35 patients. 51% achieved a CR/sCR. After a median follow-up of 65 months, 21 patients progressed, including 7 deaths. The median PFS for NDMM and RRMM was 48 and 45 months, respectively. Bendamustine/MEL200 conditioning resulted in excellent overall and depth of response as well as PFS, particularly in the RRMM patients, and is worthy of further investigation (NCT00916058).

7549 Background: MZL is a rare indolent B-cell malignancy considered incurable at recurrent stage. Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors have produced durable responses in patients (pts) with R/R MZL. Acalabrutinib (acala) is a potent next-generation BTK inhibitor with high selectivity for BTK. We report data for acala monotherapy from the R/R MZL cohort (phase 2) of a phase 1b/2 clinical trial (NCT02180711). Methods: Pts with histologically confirmed MZL, ECOG performance status ≤2, and ≥1 prior therapy (including ≥1 CD20-directed regimen) received oral acala 100 mg twice daily until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity ± R. The primary objective was overall response rate (ORR; Lugano criteria as assessed by the investigator). Secondary objectives were duration of response (DOR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and safety. Data were analyzed descriptively (no formal hypothesis testing). Results: Forty-two pts received acala (median age 69 y [range 42–84]; median 2 prior systemic regimens [range 1–4]). MZL subtypes were extranodal (43%), nodal (31%), and splenic (26%). At data cutoff (Oct 15, 2021), median follow-up duration was 10.7 mo (range 0.4–42.8). Sixteen (38%) pts discontinued acala, most commonly due to disease progression (26%). Among pts evaluable for response (n = 37; 3 pts had not reached the first assessment timepoint and 2 pts exited the study without response assessment), ORR was 54% (95% CI 37%–71%) with 6 complete (16%) and 14 partial (38%) responses; 17 (46%) pts had stable disease. ORRs in extranodal, nodal, and splenic subtypes were 65%, 44%, and 45%, respectively. Median time to initial response was 3.0 mo; median DOR was 19.3 mo (95% CI 8.4–not estimable). Median PFS was 27.4 mo with a 12-mo PFS rate of 66%. Four pts died (disease progression, n = 2; transformation to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma after stopping treatment, n = 1; adverse event [AE], n = 1 [septic shock unrelated to treatment]); median OS was not reached. Treatment was well tolerated with most AEs being grade 1 or 2. Sixteen pts (38%) had grade ≥3 AEs, most commonly (in ≥2 pts) anemia, dyspnea, neutrophil count decrease (n = 3 each), fatigue, thrombocytopenia, and neutropenia (n = 2 each). AEs led to treatment discontinuation in 2 pts (grade 3 hypotension and grade 1 myalgia). Among AEs of clinical interest, hypertension was reported in 2 pts (both grade 2); no cases of atrial fibrillation/flutter or major hemorrhage were reported. Conclusions: These early results indicate that acala is efficacious and well tolerated in pts with R/R MZL. The AE profile is consistent with the known safety profile of acala. Clinical trial information: NCT02180711.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has a well-known association with lymphoproliferative disorders of B and T cell origin. EBV-related B cell lymphoproliferative disorders include Hodgkin and Burkitt lymphomas, lymphomatoid granulomatosis, EBV positive diffuse large cell B cell lymphoma of the elderly, as well as B cell lymphomas associated with solid organ transplantation and methotrexate use. EBV-related T cell disorders are primarily represented by NK/T- cell lymphoma. In a subset of patients, EBV has been implicated in CD30 positive B cell lymphoproliferative disorders of the oral mucosa falling under the rubric of the mucocutaneous ulcer of the oral cavity. We previously reported on an index series of endogenous CD30 positive T cell lymphoproliferative disorder of the oral cavity resembling borderline type C lymphomatoid papulosis. The clinical manifestation of type C oral lymphomatoid papulosis is that of a recurrent self-remitting ulcer of the oral mucosa, which histologically resembles anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Such cases can be misdiagnosed as aggressive lymphoma leading to unnecessary treatment with aggressive chemotherapeutic regimens. Whereas none of the patients in our index series exhibited EBV positivity, here we discuss a very unique example of a 14-year-old girl diagnosed with EBV positive CD30 positive lymphoproliferative disorder strongly resembling the cases of intra-oral type C lymphomatoid papulosis. The patient was initially diagnosed by a senior hematopathology consultant as having EBV positive aggressive NK/T-cell lymphoma. The significance of raising physician awareness regarding pediatric oral EBV associated CD30 positive lymphoproliferative disease of the oral cavity lies in preventing inadvertent exposure to toxic chemotherapeutic agents intended for treatment of aggressive look-alikes, namely anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Additionally, we include a literature review of similar reports of pediatric intra-oral EBV positive CD30 positive T cell lymphoproliferative disease.

Treatment options for Helicobacter pylori–independent gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma (GML) include surgery, immunotherapy, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy (RT). The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of RT and routine endoscopic surveillance, hypothesizing that most patients are curable with RT alone. We queried a single institution database at a tertiary referral cancer center for patients with H pylori–independent GML treated with RT between 1991 and 2017. Response was assessed by follow-up endoscopies (EGDs) starting 10 to 12 weeks post-RT. Computed tomography scans were also part of the follow-up program, and positron emission tomography was added when clinically appropriate. We identified 178 patients (median age, 63 years; range, 25-89 years); 86% had stage I disease, 7% had stage II disease, and 7% had stage IV disease. Median RT dose was 3000 cGy over 20 fractions. Ninety-five percent of patients exhibited complete pathologic response on posttreatment EGD. Two patients experienced grade 3 toxicity, and 2 patients experienced in-field secondary malignancies. Over a median follow-up of 6.2 years, 9.6% experienced local failures, and 11.8% developed distant sites of disease. Five-year and 10-year overall survival were 94% and 79%, respectively, from last date of RT. RT is a highly effective and safe treatment for GML with excellent overall survival and very rare acute or late treatment-related toxicities. Favorable outcomes from this large retrospective sample of patients provide credible and compelling support for RT as standard of care for H pylori–independent GML.

© The Author(s) 2021., Although case-control analyses have suggested an additive value with the association of clarithromycin to continuous lenalidomide and dexamethasone (Rd), there are not phase III trials confirming these results. In this phase III trial, 286 patients with MM ineligible for ASCT received Rd with or without clarithromycin until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). With a median follow-up of 19 months (range, 0–54), no significant differences in the median PFS were observed between the two arms (C-Rd 23 months, Rd 29 months; HR 0.783, p = 0.14), despite a higher rate of complete response (CR) or better in the C-Rd group (22.6% vs 14.4%, p = 0.048). The most common G3–4 adverse events were neutropenia [12% vs 19%] and infections [30% vs 25%], similar between the two arms; however, the percentage of toxic deaths was higher in the C-Rd group (36/50 [72%] vs 22/40 [55%], p = 0.09). The addition of clarithromycin to Rd in untreated transplant ineligible MM patients does not improve PFS despite increasing the ≥CR rate due to the higher number of toxic deaths in the C-Rd arm. Side effects related to overexposure to steroids due to its delayed clearance induced by clarithromycin in this elderly population could explain these results. The trial was registered in clinicaltrials.gov with the name GEM-CLARIDEX: Ld vs BiRd and with the following identifier NCT02575144. The full trial protocol can be accessed from ClinicalTrials.gov. This study received financial support from BMS/Celgene.

B-cell receptor signalling inhibition by targeting Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) is effective in treating chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The BTK inhibitor ibrutinib may be intolerable for some patients. Acalabrutinib is a more selective BTK inhibitor that may be better tolerated by patients who are intolerant to ibrutinib. A phase 2 study of acalabrutinib was conducted in patients with relapsed/refractory CLL who were ibrutinib-intolerant and had continued disease activity. Intolerance was defined as having discontinued ibrutinib due to persistent grade 3/4 adverse events (AEs) or persistent/recurrent grade 2 AEs despite dose modification/interruption. Patients received oral acalabrutinib 100 mg twice daily until disease progression or intolerance. Sixty patients were treated. Overall response rate to acalabrutinib was 73% and three patients (5%) achieved complete remission. At median follow-up of 35 months, the median progressionfree and overall survival were not reached; 24-month estimates were 72% and 81%, respectively. The most frequent AEs with acalabrutinib were diarrhea (53%), headache (42%), contusion (40%), dizziness (33%), upper respiratory tract infection (33%), and cough (30%). Most common reasons for acalabrutinib discontinuation were progressive disease (23%) and AEs (17%). Most patients with baseline samples (49/52; 94%) and all with on-treatment samples (3/3; 100%) had no detectable BTK and/or PLCG2 mutations. Acalabrutinib is effective and tolerable in most patients with relapsed/refractory CLL who are intolerant of ibrutinib. Acalabrutinib may be useful for patients who may benefit from BTK inhibitor therapy but are ibrutinib intolerant.

Advanced marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) is an incurable B-cell malignancy dependent on B-cell receptor signaling. The phase 2 PCYC-1121 study demonstrated the safety and efficacy of single-agent ibrutinib 560 mg/d in 63 patients with relapsed/refractory MZL treated with prior rituximab (RTX) or rituximab-based chemoimmunotherapy (RTX-CIT). We report the final analysis of PCYC-1121 with median follow-up of 33.1 months (range: 1.4-44.6). Overall response rate (ORR) was 58%; median duration of response (DOR) was 27.6 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 12.1 to not estimable [NE]); median progression-free survival (PFS) was 15.7 months (95% CI: 12.2-30.4); and median overall survival (OS) was not reached (95% CI: NE to NE). Patients with prior RTX treatment had better outcomes (ORR: 81%; median DOR: not reached [95% CI: 12.2 to NE]; median PFS: 30.4 months [95% CI: 22.1 to NE]; median OS: not reached [95% CI: 30.3 to NE]) vs those with prior RTX-CIT treatment (ORR: 51%; DOR: 12.4 months [95% CI: 2.8 to NE]; PFS: 13.8 months [95% CI: 8.3-22.5]; OS: not reached [95% CI: NE to NE]). ORRs were 63%, 47%, and 62% for extranodal, nodal, and splenic subtypes, respectively. With up to 45 months of ibrutinib treatment, the safety profile remained consistent with prior reports. The most common grade ≥3 event was anemia (16%). Exploratory biomarker analysis showed NF-κB pathway gene mutations correlated with outcomes. Final analysis of PCYC-1121 demonstrated long-term safety and efficacy of ibrutinib in patients with relapsed/refractory MZL, regardless of prior treatment or MZL subtype. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01980628.

We report 5-year follow-up of a multicenter phase 2 study of lenalidomide plus rituximab (LR) as initial treatment of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). The regimen includes induction and maintenance with the LR doublet. Treatment was continuous until progression, with optional discontinuation after 3 years. The median age of the 38 participants was 65 years, with MCL international prognostic index scores balanced among low, intermediate, and high risk (34%, 34%, and 32%, respectively). Twenty-seven (75%) of the 36 evaluable patients completed ≥3 years of study treatment. At a median follow-up of 64 months (range, 21-78), the 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 80% and 90%, respectively, with 5-year estimated PFS and OS of 64% and 77%, respectively. During maintenance, hematologic adverse events (AEs) included asymptomatic grade 3 or 4 cytopenias (42% neutropenia, 5% thrombocytopenia, 3% anemia) and mostly grade 1 or 2 infections managed in the outpatient setting (45% upper respiratory infection, 21% urinary tract infection, 13% sinusitis, 11% cellulitis, 8% pneumonia). Nonhematologic AEs, such as constitutional and inflammatory symptoms, occurred at reduced frequency and intensity compared with induction. A peripheral blood minimal residual disease (MRD) assay (clonoSEQ) showed MRD-negative complete remission in 8 of 10 subjects who had completed ≥3 years of treatment and with available samples for analysis. With longer follow-up, LR continues to demonstrate durable responses and manageable safety as initial induction and maintenance therapy for MCL (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01472562).

Introduction Therapeutic options for multiple myeloma (MM) are growing, yet clinical outcomes remain heterogeneous. Cytogenetic analysis and disease staging are mainstays of risk stratification, but data suggest a complex interplay between numerous abnormalities. Myeloma cell proliferation is a metric shown to predict outcomes, but available methods are not feasible in clinical practice. Patients and Methods Multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC), using multiple immunostains simultaneously, is universally available for clinical use. We tested mIHC as a method to calculate a plasma cell proliferation index (PCPI). By mIHC, marrow trephine core biopsy samples were costained for CD138, a plasma cell–specific marker, and Ki-67. Myeloma cells (CD138 + ) were counted as proliferating if coexpressing Ki-67. Retrospective analysis was performed on 151 newly diagnosed, treatment-naive patients divided into 2 groups on the basis of myeloma cell proliferation: low (PCPI ≤ 5%, n = 87), and high (PCPI > 5%, n = 64). Results Median overall survival (OS) was not reached versus 78.9 months ( P = .0434) for the low versus high PCPI groups. Multivariate analysis showed that only high-risk cytogenetics (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.02; P = .023), International Staging System (ISS) stage > I (HR = 2.30; P = .014), and PCPI > 5% (HR = 1.70; P = .041) had independent effects on OS. Twenty-three (36%) of the 64 patients with low-risk disease (ISS stage 1, without high-risk cytogenetics) were uniquely reidentified as high risk by PCPI. Conclusion PCPI is a practical method that predicts OS in newly diagnosed myeloma and facilitates broader use of MM cell proliferation for risk stratification.

Eosinophilic ulcer of the oral mucosa (EUOM) is a rare, benign, self-resolving lymphoproliferative disorder, which typically presents with asymptomatic to mildly tender ulcers. Histological findings of EUOM are characterized by a polymorphic infiltrate with many eosinophils often extending into the underlying muscle. Although this entity is well documented within the dental literature, it is not well known to physicians. The pathogenesis of the condition is unclear, although reports dating back to 1997 suggest that at least a subset of EUOM represents CD30 positive lymphoproliferative disorder (CD30+ LPD). More specifically the original report and subsequent authors suggest that the patients fall on the spectrum of CD30+ LPD most reminiscent of Lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP) seen in the skin. This oral variant of LyP would be expected to have the same diverse morphologic spectrum as that seen in cutaneous LyP. We present five EUOM patients whose biopsies showed an atypical lymphocytic infiltrate most compatible with Type C LyP, a histologically unique subset of LyP, reminiscent of the biopsy findings encountered in the reported case by Ficarra and co-workers. (Ficarra, et al., 1997) In four of the five cases, the biopsies were interpreted by expert hematopathologists as an aggressive form of peripheral T cell lymphoma resulting in recommendations to administer systemic chemotherapy to four of the patients, the scheduling of one patient for induction therapy and transplantation before revision of the diagnosis, and administration of chemotherapy to one of the patients. The natural clinical course of spontaneous regression refuted the original diagnoses as a form of aggressive peripheral T cell lymphoma. Recognition of oral LyP is critical to avoid inadvertent exposure to potentially toxic chemotherapeutic regimens intended for the treatment of high grade lymphoma.

INTRODUCTION: Nodal PTCL with T-follicular helper phenotype (PTCL-TFH), which includes angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma, is characterized by recurrent mutations affecting epigenetic regulators. Azacitidine, a DNA demethylating agent, has shown clinical activity as a single agent and in combination in R/R PTCL. We report the mature findings, including survival outcome and biomarker analysis, of the first study of oral azacitidine (CC-486) plus CHOP as initial treatment for PTCL (ClinicalTrials.gov - NCT03542266). METHODS: This phase 2 study prioritized enrollment of PTCL-TFH. Subjects received CHOP on day 1 of each cycle for 6 cycles. Oral azacitidine (aza) priming at 300 mg daily was administered for 7 days prior to C1 of CHOP, and for 14 days before CHOP C2-6. The primary endpoint was CR per 2014 IWG criteria. Secondary endpoints included ORR, safety and survival. Correlative biomarker studies assessed mutation profile by whole exome NGS with germline control, genome-wide DNA methylation sequencing by RRBS, and gene expression by RNA-sequencing of paired tumor samples before and after aza priming prior to C1D1 chemotherapy. Survivals were estimated by Kaplan-Meier analysis, and log-rank tests were performed to correlate biomarkers to survival outcomes. RESULTS: A total of 21 subjects with previously untreated PTCL, including 17 with PTCL-TFH (81%), 3 with PTCL-NOS (14%), were enrolled and received treatment at 4 centers. The median age was 66 years (range 22-77), 19 (90%) had stage III/IV disease, 10 (48%) had elevated LDH, 7 (35%) had bone marrow involvement, and 9 (43%) had IPI 3-5. Treatment-emergent grade 3-4 hematologic toxicities included neutropenia (71%), thrombocytopenia (10%) and anemia (14%), with febrile neutropenia uncommon (14%). Grade 3-4 non-hematologic toxicities included fatigue (14%), hyponatremia (14%), diarrhea (5%), anorexia (5%), vomiting (5%), rash (5%), and elevated ALT (4.8%). There was no treatment-related mortality on study. As of July 2021 at a median follow-up of 21 months (range 16-30 months), 20 subjects were evaluable for primary endpoint, with one withdrawal after cycle 1. The end-of-treatment responses were all CRs, including CR at 75% (90%CI of 54.4 - 89.6%) for all evaluable patients (n=20) and 88.2% for PTCL-TFH (n=17). The 2-yr PFS was 65.8% (95%CI of 43.4-88.1%) for all patients, and 69.2% (95%CI of 46.7-91.7%) for PTCL-TFH. The 2-yr OS was 68% (95%CI of 46.7-89.2%) for all patients, and 75.6% (95%CI of 54.8-96.5%) for PTCL-TFH. The median PFS was estimated at 36 months (95%CI: 8 months - not reached). Consolidative stem cell transplant was performed in 10 subjects (9 auto and 1 allo), which did not impact PFS or OS. Mutational status was determined in 17 patients. The frequencies of the TET2, RHOA, DNMT3A, and IDH2 mutations were 76.5%, 41.1%, 23.5% and 23.5%, respectively, with RHOA and IDH2 mutations occurring in the hotspot positions (RHOA G17V, IDH2 R172G/T). For all patients, TET2 mutations were significantly associated with CR (p=0.007), favorable PFS (p=0.004) and OS (p=0.015), while DNMT3A mutations were associated with adverse PFS (p=0.016). Within the PTCL-TFH subgroup, TET2 mutations were associated with favorable PFS (p=0.014). RNAseq and RRBS assays were performed in 5 paired tumor samples before and after aza priming. Differentially upregulated genes revealed enrichment of gene sets related to apoptosis (p CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that priming with oral azacitidine (CC486) in combination with CHOP as initial therapy is safe, effective, and produces sustained remission in PTCL-TFH subtype. Epigenetic priming with azacitidine appears to inhibit the proliferation of TFH lymphoma cells, providing potential synergistic mechanism of action with chemotherapy. This active combination will be further evaluated in the upcoming ALLIANCE/ US Intergroup randomized study A051902, comparing oral azacitidine-CHO(E)P vs duvelisib-CHO(E)P against CHO(E)P in CD30 negative PTCL. Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures Ruan: Pharmacyclics: Research Funding; Seagen: Consultancy; Kite Pharma: Consultancy; AstraZeneca: Research Funding; Daiichi Sankyo: Consultancy, Research Funding; BMS: Consultancy, Research Funding. Moskowitz: Janpix Ltd.: Consultancy; Merck: Consultancy, Research Funding; Seattle Genetics: Consultancy, Research Funding; ADC Therapeutics: Research Funding; Miragen: Research Funding; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Research Funding; Beigene: Research Funding; Imbrium Therapeutics L.P./Purdue: Consultancy; Takeda: Consultancy; Incyte: Research Funding. Mehta-Shah: C4 Therapeutics: Consultancy; Celgene: Research Funding; Innate Pharmaceuticals: Research Funding; Roche/Genentech: Research Funding; Corvus Pharmaceuticals: Research Funding; Karyopharm: Consultancy; Ono Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy; Secura Bio: Consultancy, Research Funding; Daiichi Sankyo: Consultancy, Research Funding; Bristol Myers Squibb: Research Funding; AstraZeneca: Research Funding; Kiowa Hakko Kirin: Consultancy; Verastem: Research Funding. Sokol: Dren Bio: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Kyowa-Kirin: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Kotlov: BostonGene Corp: Current Employment, Current holder of stock options in a privately-held company, Patents & Royalties. Horwitz: ADC Therapeutics, Affimed, Aileron, Celgene, Daiichi Sankyo, Forty Seven, Inc., Kyowa Hakko Kirin, Millennium /Takeda, Seattle Genetics, Trillium Therapeutics, and Verastem/SecuraBio.: Consultancy, Research Funding; Affimed: Research Funding; Aileron: Research Funding; Acrotech Biopharma, Affimed, ADC Therapeutics, Astex, Merck, Portola Pharma, C4 Therapeutics, Celgene, Janssen, Kura Oncology, Kyowa Hakko Kirin, Myeloid Therapeutics, ONO Pharmaceuticals, Seattle Genetics, Shoreline Biosciences, Inc, Takeda, Trillium Th: Consultancy; Celgene: Research Funding; C4 Therapeutics: Consultancy; Crispr Therapeutics: Research Funding; Daiichi Sankyo: Research Funding; Forty Seven, Inc.: Research Funding; Kura Oncology: Consultancy; Kyowa Hakko Kirin: Consultancy, Research Funding; Millennium/Takeda: Research Funding; Myeloid Therapeutics: Consultancy; ONO Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy; Seattle Genetics: Consultancy, Research Funding; Secura Bio: Consultancy; Shoreline Biosciences, Inc.: Consultancy; Takeda: Consultancy; Trillium Therapeutics: Consultancy, Research Funding; Tubulis: Consultancy; Verastem/Securabio: Research Funding. Coleman: Merck: Research Funding; Innocare: Research Funding; BeiGene: Research Funding; Gilead: Research Funding; Genentech: Research Funding; Celgene: Research Funding; Bristol Myers: Research Funding; Abbvie: Research Funding; immunomedics: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company, Current holder of individual stocks in a privately-held company, Current holder of stock options in a privately-held company; Pfizer: Research Funding; Roche: Research Funding. Melnick: Constellation: Consultancy; Epizyme: Consultancy; Daiichi Sankyo: Research Funding; Sanofi: Research Funding; Janssen Pharmaceuticals: Research Funding; KDAC Pharma: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Elemento: AstraZeneca: Research Funding; Eli Lilly: Research Funding; One Three Biotech: Consultancy, Other: Current equity holder; Freenome: Consultancy, Other: Current equity holder in a privately-held company; Champions Oncology: Consultancy; Volastra Therapeutics: Consultancy, Other: Current equity holder, Research Funding; Johnson and Johnson: Research Funding; Janssen: Research Funding; Owkin: Consultancy, Other: Current equity holder. Leonard: ADC Therapeutics, AstraZeneca, Bayer, BMS/Celgene, Epizyme, Inc., Genmab, Gilead/Kite, Karyopharm, BMS/Celgene, Regeneron, MEI Pharma, Miltenyi, Roche/Genentech, Sutro: Consultancy; Roche/Genentech: Consultancy. Martin: ADCT: Consultancy. Cerchietti: Celgene: Research Funding; Bristol Myers Squibb: Research Funding. OffLabel Disclosure: Oral azacitidine for treatment of peripheral T-cell lymphoma

Background: Patients with relapsed indolent NHL (iNHL) have limited standard treatment options. Lenalidomide combined with rituximab (R 2) has shown complimentary clinical activity and is a tolerable regimen in both untreated and relapsed or refractory (R/R) patients with iNHL (RELEVANCE : N Engl J Med 2018;379:934 and AUGMENT: J Clin Oncol. 2019;37:1188). Methods: MAGNIFY is a multicenter, phase 3b trial in patients with R/R follicular lymphoma (FL) grades 1-3b, transformed FL (tFL), marginal zone lymphoma (MZL), or mantle cell lymphoma (MCL; NCT01996865) exploring optimal lenalidomide duration. In the induction phase, lenalidomide 20 mg PO on days 1-21 of a 28-day cycle + rituximab IV at 375 mg/m 2/week cycle 1 and then every 8 weeks starting with cycle 3 (R 2) are administered for 12 cycles. Patients with stable disease, partial response, or complete response/complete response unconfirmed (CR/CRu) were randomized 1:1 to R 2 vs rituximab maintenance for 18 months. Data presented here are the complete analysis from the induction phase in efficacy-evaluable patients with FL grades 1-3a or MZL (FL grade 3b, tFL, and MCL not included). The focus of this interim analysis was overall response rate (ORR) by 1999 IWG criteria in the induction intention-to-treat population. Results: As of March 5, 2021, 394 patients (318 [81%] FL gr1-3a; 76 [19%] MZL) were enrolled. The median follow-up was 40.6 mo (range, 0.6-79.6). Median age was 66 y (range, 35-91), 328 (83%) had stage III/IV disease, with a median of 2 prior therapies (94% prior rituximab-containing). ORR was 71% (n = 279) with 42% (n = 164) CR/CRu (Table). All patients have completed R 2 induction (n = 232, 59%) or discontinued study treatment (n = 162, 41%). 141 patients (36%) prematurely discontinued both lenalidomide and rituximab, primarily due to adverse events (AEs) (n = 54, 14%) or progressive disease (n = 42, 11%). The majority of patients who have completed induction have been randomized and entered maintenance (n = 217). Median duration of response in the induction period was not reached (95% CI, 43.9 mo-NR), and median progression-free survival in the induction safety population (n = 393) was 50.5 mo (95% CI, 39.5-NR). Efficacy results are reported in the table by histology subgroups (FL vs MZL), and rituximab-refractory, double-refractory, and early relapse statuses. Most common all-grade AEs were 47% fatigue, 43% neutropenia, 37% diarrhea, 30% nausea, and 30% constipation. Grade 3/4 AEs occurring in ≥ 5% of patients included 37% neutropenia (10 patients [3%] had febrile neutropenia), 8% leukopenia, 6% thrombocytopenia, 5% anemia, and 5% fatigue. Conclusions: These data represent complete analysis of all patients in the induction phase of MAGNIFY which continue to support that R 2 is active with a tolerable safety profile in patients with R/R FL grade 1-3a and MZL, including rituximab-refractory, double-refractory, and early relapse patients. Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures Lansigan: Celgene/BMS: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Andorsky: Abbvie: Consultancy, Research Funding; Celgene/BMS: Consultancy, Research Funding; Epizyme: Research Funding. Coleman: immunomedics: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company, Current holder of individual stocks in a privately-held company, Current holder of stock options in a privately-held company; Abbvie: Research Funding; Bristol Myers: Research Funding; Celgene: Research Funding; Genentech: Research Funding; Gilead: Research Funding; BeiGene: Research Funding; Innocare: Research Funding; Merck: Research Funding; Pfizer: Research Funding; Roche: Research Funding. Yacoub: Dynavex: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company; Cara: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company; Ardelyx: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company; Agios: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; ACCELERON PHARMA: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; CTI Biopharma: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Novartis: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Incyte: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Seattle Genetics: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Hylapharm: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Melear: TG Therapeutics: Speakers Bureau; Astrazeneca: Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Speakers Bureau. Fanning: Sanofi: Speakers Bureau; Genmab: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; TG Pharma: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Genentech: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Takeda: Speakers Bureau; ADC Therapeutics: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; BMS: Speakers Bureau. Kolibaba: TG Therapeutics: Current Employment, Current holder of individual stocks in a privately-held company, Current holder of stock options in a privately-held company; Atara Biotechm: Consultancy; McKesson Specialty Health: Consultancy; Sunitomo Dainippon Pharma: Consultancy; Tolero Pharma: Consultancy, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company). Nowakowski: Incyte: Consultancy; Kymera Therapeutics: Consultancy; TG Therapeutics: Consultancy; Blueprint Medicines: Consultancy; Nanostrings: Research Funding; Curis: Consultancy; Selvita: Consultancy; Zai Labolatory: Consultancy; Daiichi Sankyo: Consultancy; Bantham Pharmaceutical: Consultancy; Karyopharm Therapeutics: Consultancy; Ryvu Therapeutics: Consultancy; Genentech: Consultancy, Research Funding; Kyte Pharma: Consultancy; Roche: Consultancy, Research Funding; Celgene/Bristol Myers Squibb: Consultancy, Research Funding; MorphoSys: Consultancy. Gharibo: BMS: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company, Current holder of individual stocks in a privately-held company, Current holder of stock options in a privately-held company. Ahn: Bristol Myers Squibb: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company; ADC therapeutics: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Li: BMS: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company, Current holder of individual stocks in a privately-held company, Current holder of stock options in a privately-held company, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company), Research Funding. Sharman: BeiGene: Consultancy; TG Therapeutics: Consultancy; Lilly: Consultancy; Centessa: Current holder of stock options in a privately-held company, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Pharmacyclics LLC, an AbbVie Company: Consultancy; AstraZeneca: Consultancy; BMS: Consultancy; AbbVie: Consultancy.

Marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) is a heterogeneous B-cell malignancy for which no standard treatment exists. MZL is frequently linked to chronic infection, which may induce B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling, resulting in aberrant B-cell survival and proliferation. We conducted a multicenter, open-label, phase 2 study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ibrutinib in previously treated MZL. Patients with histologically confirmed MZL of all subtypes who received ≥1 prior therapy with an anti-CD20 antibody–containing regimen were treated with 560 mg ibrutinib orally once daily until progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary end point was independent review committee–assessed overall response rate (ORR) by 2007 International Working Group criteria. Among 63 enrolled patients, median age was 66 years (range, 30-92). Median number of prior systemic therapies was 2 (range, 1-9), and 63% received ≥1 prior chemoimmunotherapy. In 60 evaluable patients, ORR was 48% (95% confidence interval [CI], 35-62). With median follow-up of 19.4 months, median duration of response was not reached (95% CI, 16.7 to not estimable), and median progression-free survival was 14.2 months (95% CI, 8.3 to not estimable). Grade ≥3 adverse events (AEs; >5%) included anemia, pneumonia, and fatigue. Serious AEs of any grade occurred in 44%, with grade 3-4 pneumonia being the most common (8%). Rates of discontinuation and dose reductions due to AEs were 17% and 10%, respectively. Single-agent ibrutinib induced durable responses with a favorable benefit–risk profile in patients with previously treated MZL, confirming the role of BCR signaling in this malignancy. As the only approved therapy, ibrutinib provides a treatment option without chemotherapy for MZL. This study is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01980628.

Summary Background The development of more effective and safer treatments, especially non-chemotherapeutics, is needed for patients with Waldenstrom's macroglobulinaemia. The aim of the study was to assess the safety and clinical activity of intravenous ofatumumab monotherapy for untreated and relapsed Waldenstrom's macroglobulinaemia. Methods We did a phase 2, open-label, single-arm study at six centres (hospitals and cancer clinics) in the USA. Patients aged at least 18 years who were diagnosed with untreated or relapsed Waldenstrom's macroglobulinaemia and required treatment, received up to three cycles of weekly ofatumumab for 5 weeks. For cycle 1, patients received one of two treatment regimens. Group A received ofatumumab 300 mg during week 1 followed by 1000 mg during weeks 2–4. Because of the acceptable safety of the 1000 mg dose in treatment group A and clinical activity of the 2000 mg dose established in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, the study was amended on Dec 9, 2009, to change cycle 1 for group B who received ofatumumab 300 mg during week 1 and 2000 mg during weeks 2–5. We followed up patients during weeks 5–16 for treatment group A and during weeks 6–16 for treatment group B (no treatment was given during this follow-up). Patients in both groups with stable disease or a minor response after 16 weeks were eligible to then receive a redosing cycle of ofatumumab 300 mg during week 1 and 2000 mg during weeks 2–5. We followed up patients during weeks 6–16 after the redosing cycle (no treatment was given during this follow-up). Patients responding to cycle 1 or the redosing cycle who developed disease progression within 36 months could receive cycle 2 of ofatumumab 300 mg during week 1 and 2000 mg during weeks 2–5. The primary endpoint for this study was the proportion of patients who achieved an overall response (complete responses plus partial responses plus minor responses) after each treatment cycle in the intent-to-treat population every 4 weeks starting at week 8. This trial is registered at www.ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00811733, and is now complete. Findings Between March 17, 2009, and Feb 24, 2011, we enrolled and assigned 37 patients to treatment (15 in treatment group A and 22 in treatment group B). All 37 were included in the efficacy and safety analyses. 19 (51%, 95% CI 34·4–68·1) of 37 patients achieved an overall response after cycle 1 and 22 (59%, 42·1–75·2) of 37 achieved an overall response after the redosing cycle; 15 (41%) with partial responses, seven (19%) with minor responses. 13 patients received treatment cycle 2; ten (77%) of the 13 achieved a response. All 37 patients had at least one adverse event; 16 (43%) patients had events of grade 3 or more (30 grade 3, one grade 4). The most common grade 3 or 4 adverse events were infusion reactions (four [11%] of 37), chest pain (two [5%] of 37), haemolysis (two [5%] of 37), and neutropenia (two [5%] of 37). Two (9%) of 22 patients (both in treatment group B) had an IgM flare. 12 patients reported serious adverse events; haemolysis and pyrexia were the most common (each occurring in two [5%] of 37 patients). Interpretation A high proportion of patients achieved an overall response with ofatumumab monotherapy and this treatment was well tolerated, with a low incidence of IgM flare. This therapy might be a non-chemotherapeutic treatment option for patients with Waldenstrom's macroglobulinaemia, especially those with high IgM concentrations. Funding GlaxoSmithKline and Genmab.

Background: Relapse is expected when treating patients with follicular lymphoma (FL) and marginal zone lymphoma (MZL), with a shortened response associated with each relapse. Lenalidomide combined with rituximab (R2) has shown enhanced activity, with a recently reported median progression free-survival (PFS) of 39.4 months in patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma, including those with FL and MZL (AUGMENT; J Clin Oncol. 2019;37:1188). Methods: MAGNIFY is a multicenter, phase IIIb trial in patients with R/R FL grades 1-3b, transformed FL (tFL), MZL, or mantle cell lymphoma (MCL; NCT01996865) in which optimal lenalidomide duration is being explored. Patients received 12 cycles of R2 (lenalidomide 20 mg/d, d1-21/28 + rituximab 375 mg/m2 weekly in cycle 1 and then on day 1 of cycles 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11) followed by 1:1 randomization in patients with stable disease, partial response, or complete response/complete response unconfirmed (CR/CRu) to R2 versus rituximab maintenance for 18 months. Data presented here focus on induction R2 in efficacy-evaluable MZL patients compared with the overall population of FL grades 1-3a+MZL (not including FL grade 3b, tFL, or MCL) receiving ≥ 1 treatment with baseline/post-baseline assessments. The primary end point is progression-free survival (PFS) by 1999 International Working Group criteria. Results: As of November 30, 2019, 393 patients with FL grades 1-3a and MZL enrolled; 76 (19%) had MZL. The median age of MZL patients was 68 years (range, 46-90), 68 (89%) had stage III/IV disease, and 72 (95%) had prior rituximab-containing therapy. Overall response rate was 68% with 39% CR/CRu, and median duration of response was 38.6 months (95% CI, 29.4-not reached [NR]). The median PFS was 41.2 months (95% CI, 38.4-NR). Efficacy results for MZL subtypes and the overall population (FL grades 1-3a + MZL) are shown in the table. Forty-two patients (55%) have completed 12 cycles of R2, and 41 (54%) have been randomized and entered maintenance. Twenty-eight patients (37%) prematurely discontinued both lenalidomide and rituximab, primarily due to adverse events (AEs; n = 11; 14%) and progressive disease (n = 6; 8%). The most common (≥ 20%) all-grade AEs were neutropenia (49%), diarrhea (37%), anemia (25%), thrombocytopenia (24%), and constipation (24%). Most common (≥ 10%) grade 3/4 AEs were neutropenia (41%; 1 patient [1%] had febrile neutropenia), thrombocytopenia (13%), and leukopenia (11%). Conclusions: R2 is active with a tolerable safety profile in patients with R/R MZL. The efficacy and safety profile of R2 in MZL patients were similar to results observed in the overall MAGNIFY population. Disclosures Coleman: Seattle Genetics: Research Funding; EMD Serono Research and Development Institute Inc.: Research Funding; Innocare: Research Funding; ARCUS Biosciences: Research Funding; AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, LP (Acerta Pharma BV Trials): Research Funding; AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, LP: Research Funding; BMS (Celgene Corporation): Research Funding; Eli Lilly and Company: Research Funding; Genetech (F. Hoffman-LaRoche Ltd): Research Funding; Hutchinson MediPharma, LTD: Research Funding; Ipsen Group: Research Funding; Karyopharma Therapeutics, Inc.: Research Funding; Klus Pharma, Inc.: Research Funding; MeiPharma, Inc.: Research Funding; Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp.: Research Funding; Novartis Pharmaceuticals: Research Funding; Incyte Corporation: Research Funding; Boston BIoMedical, Inc.: Research Funding; BeiGene: Research Funding; Acerta: Research Funding. Andorsky:CTI: Research Funding; Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; AstraZeneca: Research Funding. Yacoub:Roche: Other: Support of parent study and funding of editorial support; Dynavax: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company; Ardelyx: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company; Incyte: Speakers Bureau; Hylapharm: Current equity holder in private company; Cara Therapeutics: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company; Agios: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Novartis: Speakers Bureau. Melear:Janssen: Speakers Bureau; AstraZeneca: Speakers Bureau. Fanning:Takeda: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Bristol Myers Squibb: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; TG Therapeautics: Consultancy; Abbvie: Consultancy; Prisma Health: Current Employment; Sanofi Aventis: Speakers Bureau. Kolibaba:Atara Biotech: Consultancy; Compass Oncology: Ended employment in the past 24 months; Verastem: Honoraria; Seattle Genetics: Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Research Funding; Novartix: Research Funding; Janssen: Research Funding; Gilead: Research Funding; Genentech: Research Funding; Celgene: Research Funding; Acerta: Research Funding; AbbVie: Research Funding; Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Oncology: Consultancy, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company; TG Therapeutics: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Lansigan:BMS: Consultancy; Seattle Genetics: Consultancy; BMS Steering Committee for MAGNIFY Program: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Spectrum Pharma: Consultancy, Research Funding. Reynolds:IHA Hematology/Oncology Consultants: Current Employment. Nowakowski:Kymera: Consultancy; Ryvu: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other; Curis: Consultancy; Kite: Consultancy; MorphoSys: Consultancy, Research Funding; Denovo: Consultancy; Seattle Genetics: Consultancy; Nanostrings: Research Funding; Celgene/BMS: Consultancy, Research Funding; Roche: Consultancy, Research Funding. Gharibo:Bristol Myers Squibb: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company; Bayer: Ended employment in the past 24 months. Ahn:BMS: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Li:BMS: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Rummel:Roche: Honoraria; Amgen GmbH: Honoraria; Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria; Janssen: Honoraria; Novartis Pharma GmbH: Honoraria. Sharman:BeiGene: Research Funding; Bristol Meyers Squibb: Consultancy, Research Funding; Pfizer: Consultancy, Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Consultancy, Research Funding; AstraZeneca: Consultancy, Research Funding; Genentech: Consultancy, Research Funding; AbbVie: Consultancy, Research Funding; TG Therapeutics: Consultancy, Research Funding; Acerta: Consultancy, Research Funding; Roche: Consultancy, Research Funding; Celgene: Consultancy, Research Funding.

Background: Lenalidomide combined with rituximab (R2) has shown complimentary clinical activity and is a tolerable regimen in both untreated and relapsed or refractory (R/R) patients with indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Patients with advanced age at diagnosis are considered to be high risk, supporting post-hoc subgroup analyses by age, with a focus on patients aged ≥ 70 years from the MAGNIFY study. Methods: MAGNIFY is a multicenter, phase IIIb trial in patients with R/R follicular lymphoma (FL) grades 1-3b, transformed FL (tFL), marginal zone lymphoma (MZL), or mantle cell lymphoma (MCL; NCT01996865) exploring optimal lenalidomide duration. Lenalidomide 20 mg on days 1-21 of a 28-day cycle + rituximab 375 mg/m2/week cycle 1 and then every 8 weeks starting with cycle 3 (R2) are administered for 12 cycles followed by 1:1 randomization in patients with stable disease, partial response, or complete response/complete response unconfirmed (CR/CRu) to R2 vs rituximab maintenance for 18 months. Data presented here focus on induction R2 in efficacy-evaluable FL grade 1-3a and MZL patients (FL grade 3b, tFL, and MCL not included) receiving ≥ 1 treatment with baseline/postbaseline assessments. The primary end point is progression-free survival (PFS) by 1999 International Working Group criteria. Post-hoc analyses were performed by analyzing data from patients aged ≥ 70 years at time of study entry. Results: As of November 30, 2019, 393 patients have enrolled and 152 (39%) were aged ≥ 70 years. Baseline characteristics including histology, disease status, and prior treatments of patients ≥ 70 and the overall population are shown in the table. Median PFS in the ≥ 70 subgroup was 36.0 months (95% CI, 28.3-NR). Overall response rate and CR/CRu were 75% and 38%, with a median duration of response that was not reached (95% CI, 27.1-NR). Efficacy results for the overall population are shown in the table. In patients ≥ 70 the most common (≥ 20%) any-grade treatment emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were fatigue (44%), neutropenia (41%), diarrhea (34%), constipation (34%), and nausea (27%). Neutropenia (35%) was the only grade 3/4 TEAE occurring in > 10% of patients (febrile neutropenia occurred in 3 patients [2%]). TEAEs led to lenalidomide dose reduction in 69 patients (46%) and discontinuation in 40 patients (26%). Seventy-eight patients ≥ 70 (51%) completed all 12 cycles of induction treatment, and 72 (47%) have entered the maintenance phase. Sixty-one patients ≥ 70 (40%), compared to 35% of patients in overall population, prematurely discontinued both lenalidomide and rituximab, due to TEAEs (n = 26; 17%), progressive disease (n = 15; 10%), patient withdrawal (n = 12; 8%), death (n = 5; 3%), and other reasons (n = 3; 2%). Neutropenia was the only TEAE leading to discontinuation of lenalidomide in more than 2 patients (n = 10; 7%). Conclusions: Similar to findings in the overall population, R2 treatment in advanced-age patients with R/R FL and MZL resulted in encouraging efficacy, and with close attention to dose reduction there is a tolerable safety profile. Table Disclosures Lansigan: BMS Steering Committee for MAGNIFY Program: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Spectrum Pharma: Consultancy, Research Funding; BMS: Consultancy; Seattle Genetics: Consultancy. Andorsky:AstraZeneca: Research Funding; Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; CTI: Research Funding. Coleman:Novartis Pharmaceuticals: Research Funding; Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp.: Research Funding; Boston BIoMedical, Inc.: Research Funding; BeiGene: Research Funding; Acerta: Research Funding; Innocare: Research Funding; ARCUS Biosciences: Research Funding; AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, LP (Acerta Pharma BV Trials): Research Funding; AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, LP: Research Funding; BMS (Celgene Corporation): Research Funding; Eli Lilly and Company: Research Funding; EMD Serono Research and Development Institute Inc.: Research Funding; Genetech (F. Hoffman-LaRoche Ltd): Research Funding; Hutchinson MediPharma, LTD: Research Funding; Incyte Corporation: Research Funding; Ipsen Group: Research Funding; Karyopharma Therapeutics, Inc.: Research Funding; Klus Pharma, Inc.: Research Funding; MeiPharma, Inc.: Research Funding; Seattle Genetics: Research Funding. Yacoub:Novartis: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Agios: Speakers Bureau; Incyte: Speakers Bureau; Hylapharm: Current equity holder in private company; Cara therapeutics: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company; Ardelyx: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company; Dynavax: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Melear:AstraZeneca: Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Speakers Bureau. Fanning:Prisma Health: Current Employment; Abbvie: Consultancy; TG Therapeautics: Consultancy; Bristol Myers Squibb: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Takeda: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Sanofi Aventis: Speakers Bureau. Kolibaba:Compass Oncology: Ended employment in the past 24 months; Atara Biotech: Consultancy; TG Therapeutics: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Oncology: Consultancy, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company; AbbVie: Research Funding; Acerta: Research Funding; Celgene: Research Funding; Genentech: Research Funding; Gilead: Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Research Funding; Seattle Genetics: Research Funding; Verastem: Honoraria; Janssen: Research Funding; Novartix: Research Funding. Reynolds:IHA Hematology/Oncology Consultants: Current Employment. Nowakowski:Ryvu: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other; Nanostrings: Research Funding; Seattle Genetics: Consultancy; Curis: Consultancy; MorphoSys: Consultancy, Research Funding; Roche: Consultancy, Research Funding; Kymera: Consultancy; Denovo: Consultancy; Kite: Consultancy; Celgene/BMS: Consultancy, Research Funding. Gharibo:Bayer: Ended employment in the past 24 months; Bristol Myers Squibb: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Ahn:BMS: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Li:BMS: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Rummel:Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria; Janssen: Honoraria; Amgen GmbH: Honoraria; Roche: Honoraria; Novartis Pharma GmbH: Honoraria. Sharman:Bristol Meyers Squibb: Consultancy, Research Funding; Celgene: Consultancy, Research Funding; Roche: Consultancy, Research Funding; Acerta: Consultancy, Research Funding; TG Therapeutics: Consultancy, Research Funding; BeiGene: Research Funding; Genentech: Consultancy, Research Funding; AbbVie: Consultancy, Research Funding; Pfizer: Consultancy, Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Consultancy, Research Funding; AstraZeneca: Consultancy, Research Funding.