Search

Le livre de K. Tamburr traite de l’un des plus populaires récits christologiques du Moyen Âge, la Descente aux Enfers (Descensus Christi ad infernos), tel qu’il fut représenté et utilisé dans la littérature et l’art anglais de l’époque, en commençant par la poésie composée avant la conquête normande et en allant jusqu’au xvie s. Avec l’essor du protestantisme, cet épisode fut de plus en plus considéré comme apocryphe, alors qu’au Moyen Âge, il a été accueilli comme un événement central de l’h...

The present article focuses on the formulaic tripartite description of the world present in many medieval geographical and historiographical texts. In medieval sources, the three parts of the world are often introduced in the order Asia, Europe and Africa, but this order sometimes varies. The focus of the investigation is the order of the components in this tripartite division. Two distinct traditions, both based on the medieval conceptual framework provided by the translatio studii et imperii are presented as possible sources for the twovariants of the formula. The first, Asia-Europe-Africa, appears to be dominant among encyclopaedic texts, in particular those reliant on Isidore’s Etymologiae. The second, Asia-Africa-Europe, appears to be more present in texts with a historic focus, such as chronicles, and is here argued to be a product of the popularity of the Trojan origin legends in medieval Europe, but its origins appear to be traceable to Orosius. It is also argued that the reversal of this order, where the formula commences with Europe, first becomes dominant only after the end of the Middle Ages, and coincides with progressive Eurocentrism of historiographical, political, and geographical discourse in that period.

Many have attempted to uncover or reconstruct Paul’s missionary message from various texts, chiefly Paul’s epistles and Acts. This study explores what of Paul’s missionary preaching we can uncover only from his epistles, but with reference to the secondary epistles and the Pauline tradition as presented in Acts. Following a review of the literature, a detailed examination is made of Paul’s word use in relation to his preaching. This includes words such as “gospel”, “word” and “mystery” and response words like “faith” and “repentance”. Attention then turns to specific summaries of the gospel in Paul’s epistles. These include 1 Thess. 1:9-10, 1 Cor. 1-2 and 15:3-5, Gal. 1:11-17 and Rom. 1:1-4. Included with the last passage is an exploration of the question of Romans itself being Paul’s gospel. The purpose of this thesis is to agree that there is one gospel/kerygma but that the expression of that changes with context. With unbelievers, the evidence would suggest that Paul preached the gospel in way that would most potently bring people to repentance and faith, but without compromising the truth of the message he presented. But with believers, the message became less (or non) negotiable and centred on the death and resurrection of Christ.

International audience; The Latin ‘Historia Apollonii Regis Tyr’i, the original of which may have been written in Greek, is the ultimate source for an extensive network of medieval vernacular versions of the romance narrative ‘Apollonius of Tyre’. The Middle English version edited here was published by Wynkyn de Worde in 1510, and is a translation and adaptation by Robert Copland (fl. c. 1505-47) of the Middle French ‘La cronicque et hystoire de Appollin, roy de Thir’.In order to illustrate Copland’s work as both translator and adaptor, his Middle English text is set in parallel with ‘La cronicque’. The Introduction highlights features of Copland’s translation practice, in particular his use of doublets, and the extent to which he elaborated points in the narrative and embellished the text. It also discusses Copland as wordsmith by drawing attention to his use of coinings and senses that were new or have rarely been detected. The Introduction concludes with an annotated list of rare lexical items and ante-datings. The parallel texts are preceded by a map of the travels of Apollonius, and followed by a commentary, glossary, index of personal and place names, and a bibliography.

Article published in the Michigan State International Law Review.

National audience

Olefin cross metathesis is reported for the first time to attach small molecules to a range of novel polyethers with a poly(ethylene glycol) backbone and pendent alkene groups, allowing for a loading of up to one compound per monomer unit. These polymers are tailored to prevent the occurrence of self metathesis (reaction of the polymer with itself) by varying the substitution on the pendent alkenes, thus steering their reactivity toward olefin cross metathesis. Efficient functionalization has been observed for a range of coupling partners as a proof of concept for the use of olefin metathesis to graft small and larger molecules to polyethers for drug delivery. This approach also paves the way for the use of olefin cross metathesis as an efficient method to functionalize a wide variety of polymers with pendent olefin groups.

International audience

Objective. To detennine the prevalence and spectrum of pulmonary abnormalities in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in a developing country.Design. This was a prospective hospital-based survey of a randomly selected group of patients with RA who were seen in a rheumatic diseases unit.Setting. Groote Schuur Hospital and Princess Alice Orthopaedic Hospital, Cape Town.Patients. A group of 104 patients with RA were randomly selected from a total of 330 patients with RA who were seen in the rheumatic diseases unit. All the patients were interviewed and a clinical assessment, chest radiographs and pulmonary function tests were performed.Results. Fifty-six patients (53.8%) had evidence of one or more current or previous pulmonary diseases: rheumatoid nodule in 1 (1 %), bronchiectasis in 2 (1.9%), fibrosing a1veolitis in 5 (4.8%), pneumonia in 5 (4.8%), asthma in 9 (8.7%), pleural disease in 17 (16.3%) and tuberculosis in 25 (24%). Excluding patients who were smokers or ex-smokers or who had coexistent pulmonary disease, there were 20 patients (19.2%) who had pulmonary abnormalities that could be attributed to RA: rheumatoid nodule in 1 (1 %), fibrosing alveolitis in 5 (4.8%) (1 of whom also had pleural disease), pleural disease alone in 8 (7.7%), diffusion defect in 5 (4.8%) and airways obstruction in 1 (1 %).Conclusion. This study provides clinical and lung function criteria that allow a clinically useful stratification of abnormalities in relation to a spectrum of common causes of pulmonary dysfunction that need to be distinguished from pulmonary abnormalities caused by RA. Pulmonary abnormalities are common and about 20% of RA patients may have an abnormality related to RA.