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The Particle Image Velocity method was used to investigate the velocity fields when the liquid layer height changed from 0.6 to 5.1 mm. The loss of stability of the velocity field during local heating is realized at the Bond number (Bo) 0.01–0.02, which is 10–20 times lower than the critical value of Bo(cr) compared to heat exchange at a uniform wall temperature. The Marangoni flow depends both on the height and the layer diameter. The critical height of the layer 2–2.5 mm leads to a sharp change in the flow pattern. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The influence of surface structures on the wettability and evaporation of a heated water drop is investigated both in the presence of a graphene layer and without a graphene coating. Different topology of surface roughness changes the structuring of water near nano-micro textures. The structured wall surface changes both the wettability and the evaporation rate. Molecular dynamics modeling has shown that by changing the geometric parameters of textures on the copper surface, it is possible to effectively control the wettability of a graphene coating. The calculation results correlate with the experimental data on the droplet contact angle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Droplet film boiling on a horizontal heating surface was studied experimentally. The heat transfer coefficient of droplet water solution in the spheroidal state decreases with a rise of wall overheating and spheroid diameter. Evaporation of small spheroid (diameter d < 5 mm) is markedly different from the large one (d > 20 mm). At the evaporation of large spheroids a spheroid shape changes in time that significantly affect coefficients of generalizing curves that use dimensionless numbers.

Evaporation and boiling crisis of droplets ethanol aqueous solution were studied experimentally. The evaporation intensity depends on the nucleate boiling, solution diffusion, a change in physical characteristics with time and droplet interfacial surface area. At nucleate boiling in a droplet, most evaporation relates to a growth in the droplet surface area and only 20 % relates to the diffusion effect and a variation in the thermophysical coefficients. At boiling crisis, experimental dependence for vapor layer height on overheating was observed. At Leidenfrost temperature, the height of the vapor layer was many times higher than the surface microroughness value of the wall. There are oscillates of liquid-vapor interface, and this increases the transitional temperature range associated with a boiling crisis of droplets.

This work is devoted the research for two (three)-phase flows of LiBr water solution in minichannels with different heat flux and wall thicknesses. Six flow patterns have been observed: a bubble flow, plug flow, laminar and oscillating laminar flow, mist flow, and flow locking. The physical solution properties and the equilibrium conditions change in time. The desorption rate depends not only on the heat flow and speed ratio of vapor to liquid, but also on the total area of the interface (liquid-vapor). The third phase (solid crystal hydrates) are formed under high heat fluxes and in the presence of boiling crisis. A variation in the wall thickness leads to a change in the desorption mode. With increasing wall thickness the boiling crisis is realized at higher heat fluxes.

The present studies were carried out for the horizontal films (thin layers) of water and water solutions of NaCl, CaCl2, LiCl, and LiBr with different solubility characteristics, as well as with specific features of formation and decay of water hydrates. Required volume of solution Vo of given weight concentration ξo, preliminary heated to the working surface temperature, was put in one step on the horizontal bottom of the bowl, heated to working temperature tCT, by means of volume batchers Thermo Scientific. After evaporation completion, the final mass of solution and form of their residue were registered. At the final stage of evaporation formation of NaCl crystals and water hydrates of CaCl2 · 2H2O, LiCl · H2O, and LiBr · 2H2O occurred.