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Moroz L.V., Bondaruk I. Yu. Comparison of diagnostic informative value of the methods for the determination of direct (hyaluronic acid) and indirect (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, de Rithis coefficient) of liver fibrosis markers in patients with chronic viral hepatitis C. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2019;9(5):676-688. eISNN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3383708 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/7379 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 1223 (26/01/2017). 1223 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Authors 2019; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 29.04.2019. Revised: 15.05.2019. Accepted: 27.05.2019. Comparison of diagnostic informative value of the methods for the determination of direct (hyaluronic acid) and indirect (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, de Rithis coefficient) of liver fibrosis markers in patients with chronic viral hepatitis C L.V. Moroz, I. Yu. Bondaruk N. I. Pirogov National Medical University Vinnitsa, Ukraine Abstract The results of chronic viral hepatitis C patients examinations are described. A comparative characteristic of the diagnostic informative value of direct (hyaluronic acid) and indirect (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, de Ritis coefficient) of liver fibrosis markers by the use of ROC - analysis is presented. The objective: to explore the possibility of non-invasive methods for diagnosing liver fibrosis in patients with chronic viral hepatitis C (CVH C). Materials and methods. 66 CVH C with the 1st genotype of the virus were examined. They were either at dispensary observation or ambulatory treatment at Municipal Clinical Hospital №1 (Vinnitsa, Ukraine) and in the clinical department of viral hepatitis at L. V. Gromashevsky Institute of Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases of NAMS (Ukraine). All patients underwent fibroelastography (FEG) on the METAVIR fibrosis score. In all CVH C patients and control group individuals content of hyaluronic acid (HA) in blood serum was determined. ELISA method and “Hyaluronic Acid” kit (Corgenix, Inc., USA) were used. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity was investigated with kinetic method (analyzer and test system Cobas 6000, Roche Diagnostics, Switzerland). Results: AUC for HA content in serum of CVH C patients was in the range 0.720-0.917 (p p = 0.0428). The sensitivity and specificity of determining the serum AST value in patients with F4 fibroblasts was 78.23% and 75.25%, respectively (AUC = 0.817 (p = 0.011), were found to be slightly lower). Conclusions. High diagnostic informative value of the determination of the content of HA in serum was established for assessing the degree of liver fibrosis in patients with CVH C (AUC = 0.720 – 0.17, p (AUC = 0.817, p = 0.011). Diagnostically significant informative of the method under discussion for determining the value of dRk in CVH C patients has been established in F3 hepatic fibrosis: AUC = 0.928 (p = 0,033). Key words: chronic viral hepatitis C, fibrosis, hyaluronic acid, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, de Richtis factor.

В статье представлен клинический случай тяжелой микст-малярии (Pl. falciparum, Pl. malariae) у пациента украинского происхождения. Проанализированы методы диагностики, лечения и патогенетические особенности течения данного заболевания., У статті наведений клінічний випадок тяжкої мікст-малярії (Pl. falciparum, Pl. malariae) у пацієнта українського походження. Проаналізовано методи діагностики, лікування та патогенетичні особливості перебігу даного захворювання., The article presents a clinical case of severe mixed species (Pl.falciparum, Pl.malariae) malaria in a patient of Ukrainian descent. The methods for the diagnosis, treatment and pathogenetic features of the course of this disease are analyzed.

Мета. Для встановлення ефекту пробіотиків у хворих на сальмонельоз вивчили зміни показників ендогенної інтоксмикації, імунореактивності та складу кишкової мікробіоти пацієнтів. Пацієнти і методи. Обстежено 189 хворих на сальмонельоз. Їх середній вік становив (43,23±1,22) роки. Здійснювали загальний аналіз крові з підрахунком показників ендогенної інтоксикації, бактеріологічне дослідження калу та встановлення показників імунореактивності. Мікробіоценоз товстої кишки досліджували до лікування і на (5,76±0,16) добу після госпіталізації. Результати. У всіх пацієнтів з сальмонельозом у гострому періоді відбувалось значне збільшення інтегративних показників ендогенної інтоксикації. Це супроводжувалось порушенням імунологічної реактивності і активною адаптивною реакцією організму. Також відбувалось зменшення на два-три порядки кількості біфідобактерій, лактобацил і кишкової палички, при збільшенні на три-шість порядків рівнів інших представників УПМ, гемолізуючої кишкової палички та грибів роду Candida (р

Проаналізовано основні клінічні та епідеміологічні ознаки сучасного сальмонельозу в гострий період захворювання. Дослідженні інтегративні показники ендогенної інтоксикації у групах вказують на порушення в імунній системі, а саме превалювання гуморальної і пригнічення клітинної ланок імунітету, розвиток ендогенної інтоксикації внаслідок автоінтоксикації організму при деструкції власних клітин та при дії бактеріальних ендо- та екзотоксинів, виразну запальну реакцію. У гострому періоді спостерігається переважання реакцій уповільненого типу над гіперчутливістю негайного типу, що призводить до запуску алергічних механізмів на тлі інтоксикації. Проведен анализ основных клинических и эпидемиологических особенностей течения сальмонеллеза в острый период заболевания и выявлены гематологические изменения. Исследованные интегративные показатели эндогенной интоксикации в группах указывают на нарушения в иммунной системе, а именно превалирование гуморального и угнетение клеточного звеньев иммунитета, развитие эндогенной интоксикации вследствие аутоинтоксикации организма при деструкции собственных клеток и при действии бактериальных эндо- и экзотоксинов, выраженную воспалительную реакцию. В остром периоде наблюдается преобладание реакций замедленного типа над гиперчувствительностью немедленного типа, что приводит к запуску аллергических механизмов на фоне интоксикации. The main clinical and epidemiologic features of modern salmonellosis in acute disease period were analyzed. The studied integrative indices of endogenous intoxication in groups indicate disturbances in the immune system, such as the prevalence of humoral and depression of cellular components of immune system, development of endogenous intoxication due to body autointoxication by destruction of own cells and by influence of bacterial endo- and exotoxins, evident inflammatory reaction. In the acute phase reactions of delayed type prevail over hypersensitivity of immediate type that causes to launching allergic mechanisms on the background of intoxication.

We report the interpretation of VIRTIS/ROSETTA spectra of comet 67P/CG, based on laboratory data collected on meteorites and series of analogs. We show that the crust is composed by a macromolecular carbonaceous material, mixed with minerals and likely more volatile molecules and possibly ammonium salts.

Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko undergoes periherm transit at 1.2 AU in August 2015. During this passage the illumination conditions above the south hemisphere of the nucleus rapidly improve becoming optimal for the retrieval of the surface properties by VIRTIS-M onboard Rosetta. A similar mapping of the surface at about 12.5 m/pixel and at solar phases below 40 deg has been already performed during the Philae prelanding phase (August-September 2014, heliocentric distance 3.6 AU) allowing us to build compositional maps of the entire north hemisphere and equatorial regions down to latitudes -50 deg on a limited part of the Hapi, or the comet’s neck, region. One year after this first mapping campaign the illumination geometry becomes favorable to complete the coverage above the South polar region. Since comet’s activity is rapidly increasing and the Rosetta spacecraft cannot orbit on low trajectories like during the prelanding phase, the south hemisphere maps shall be reasonably observed by VIRTIS-M with a spatial resolution of about 25 m/pixel. Global scale data have shown that the nucleus’ double-lobe surface is characterized by morphologically different units uniformly covered by a very dark, low-albedo, dehydrated organic-rich material. Compositional properties across the different regions of the nucleus are mapped by measuring visible and infrared spectral slopes, calculated on the best linear fit to the reflectance spectra between 0.5-0.8 μm and 1-2.5 μm, respectively. As pre-landing data have clearly shown, spectral slopes are highly diagnostic to identify active areas, like in the Hapi area, and exposed water ice deposits where the spectra appear less red. As heliocentric distance decreases and diurnal temperatures increase, the 3-5 μm spectral range becomes affected by thermal emission from the surface. This emission is overlapping with the 3 μm feature previously observed by VIRTIS during the pre-landing period making more difficult to retrieve the distribution of the organic material. A summary of the spectral characteristics observed on the south hemisphere region during the perihelion passage is given. Activity-driven spectral changes observed before and after perihelion passage on some specific areas of the surface are discussed.

VIRTIS reflectance spectra of comet 67P/CG point to the presence of a crust composed of refractory compounds as 1) polyaromatic organic solids mixed with 2) sulfides and Fe-Ni alloys. The presence of sulfides may also account for the red visible slope. The presence of OH chemical groups is inferred from the broad 3.2 μm band. Contributions from aliphatic or aromatic C-H groups is possible, as well as a contribution from salts (NH4+, possibly structural H2O). Salts are expected as minor constituents due to the very low reflectance of the comet surface, but the large absorption coefficient of ions may make their spectral contribution significant. Analysis from other instruments aboard ROSETTA orbiter and PHILAE lander will help constrain further the contribution of minor species.

We analyze night-time near-infrared (NIR) images of Beta-Phoebe region obtained with the 1-μm channel of the Venus Monitoring Camera (VMC) onboard Venus Express. Comparisons with the results of the Magellan radar survey and the model NIR images show that the night-time VMC images provide reliable information on spatial variations of the NIR surface emission. Here we consider if tessera terrain has the different NIR emissivity (and thus mineralogical composition) in com- parison to the surrounding basaltic plains. This is done through the study of an area SW of Beta Regio where there is a massif of tessera terrain, Chimon-mana Tessera, surrounded by supposedly basaltic plains. Our analysis showed that 1-μm emissivity of tessera surface material is by 15 – 35 % lower than that of relatively fresh suppos- edly basaltic lavas of plains and volcanic edifices. This is consistent with hypothesis that the tessera material is not basaltic, maybe felsic, that is in agreement with the results of analyses of VEX VIRTIS and Galileo NIMS data. If the felsic nature of venusian tesserae will be confirmed in further studies this may have important implications on geochemical environments in early history of Venus. We have found that the surface materials of plains in the study area are very variegated in their 1-μm emissivity, which probably reflects variability of degree of their chemical weathering. We have also found a possible decrease of the calculated emissivity at the top of Tuulikki Mons volcano which, if real, may be due to different (more felsic?) composition of volcanic products on the volcano summit.