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22 results on '"Morneau, Francois"'

1. High-resolution canopy height map in the Landes forest (France) based on GEDI, Sentinel-1, and Sentinel-2 data with a deep learning approach

Author

Schwartz, Martin, Ciais, Philippe, Ottlé, Catherine, De Truchis, Aurelien, Vega, Cedric, Fayad, Ibrahim, Brandt, Martin, Fensholt, Rasmus, Baghdadi, Nicolas, Morneau, François, Morin, David, Guyon, Dominique, Dayau, Sylvia, and Wigneron, Jean-Pierre

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing
Abstract

In intensively managed forests in Europe, where forests are divided into stands of small size and may show heterogeneity within stands, a high spatial resolution (10 - 20 meters) is arguably needed to capture the differences in canopy height. In this work, we developed a deep learning model based on multi-stream remote sensing measurements to create a high-resolution canopy height map over the "Landes de Gascogne" forest in France, a large maritime pine plantation of 13,000 km$^2$ with flat terrain and intensive management. This area is characterized by even-aged and mono-specific stands, of a typical length of a few hundred meters, harvested every 35 to 50 years. Our deep learning U-Net model uses multi-band images from Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 with composite time averages as input to predict tree height derived from GEDI waveforms. The evaluation is performed with external validation data from forest inventory plots and a stereo 3D reconstruction model based on Skysat imagery available at specific locations. We trained seven different U-net models based on a combination of Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 bands to evaluate the importance of each instrument in the dominant height retrieval. The model outputs allow us to generate a 10 m resolution canopy height map of the whole "Landes de Gascogne" forest area for 2020 with a mean absolute error of 2.02 m on the Test dataset. The best predictions were obtained using all available satellite layers from Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 but using only one satellite source also provided good predictions. For all validation datasets in coniferous forests, our model showed better metrics than previous canopy height models available in the same region., Comment: 39 pages, 16 figures + supplementary contents

Published
2022
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5. Access to exact National Forest Inventory plot locations must be carefully evaluated

Author

Schadauer, Klemens, Astrup, Rasmus, Breidenbach, Johannes, Fridman, Jonas, Gräber, Stephan, Köhl, Michael, Korhonen, Kari T., Johannsen, Vivian Kvist, Morneau, Francois, Päivinen, Risto, Riedel, Thomas, Schadauer, Klemens, Astrup, Rasmus, Breidenbach, Johannes, Fridman, Jonas, Gräber, Stephan, Köhl, Michael, Korhonen, Kari T., Johannsen, Vivian Kvist, Morneau, Francois, Päivinen, Risto, and Riedel, Thomas

Published
2024

7. Mercury in Birds and Mammals

Author

Langis, René, Langlois, Claude, Morneau, François, Allan, R., editor, Förstner, U., editor, Salomons, W., editor, Lucotte, Marc, editor, Schetagne, Roger, editor, Thérien, Normand, editor, Langlois, Claude, editor, and Tremblay, Alain, editor

Published
1999
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9. Genome-wide evolutionary response of European oaks during the Anthropocene

Author

Saleh, Dounia, Chen, Jun, Leple, Jean-Charles, Leroy, Thibault, Truffaut, Laura, Dencausse, Benjamin, Lalanne, Celine, Labadie, Karine, Lesur, Isabelle, Bert, Didier, Lagane, Frederic, Morneau, Francois, Aury, Jean-Marc, Plomion, Christophe, Lascoux, Martin, Kremer, Antoine, Saleh, Dounia, Chen, Jun, Leple, Jean-Charles, Leroy, Thibault, Truffaut, Laura, Dencausse, Benjamin, Lalanne, Celine, Labadie, Karine, Lesur, Isabelle, Bert, Didier, Lagane, Frederic, Morneau, Francois, Aury, Jean-Marc, Plomion, Christophe, Lascoux, Martin, and Kremer, Antoine

Abstract

The pace of tree microevolution during Anthropocene warming is largely unknown. We used a retrospective approach to monitor genomic changes in oak trees since the Little Ice Age (LIA). Allelic frequency changes were assessed from whole-genome pooled sequences for four age-structured cohorts of sessile oak (Quercus petraea) dating back to 1680, in each of three different oak forests in France. The genetic covariances of allelic frequency changes increased between successive time periods, highlighting genome-wide effects of linked selection. We found imprints of parallel linked selection in the three forests during the late LIA, and a shift of selection during more recent time periods of the Anthropocene. The changes in allelic covariances within and between forests mirrored the documented changes in the occurrence of extreme events (droughts and frosts) over the last 300 years. The genomic regions with the highest covariances were enriched in genes involved in plant responses to pathogens and abiotic stresses (temperature and drought). These responses are consistent with the reported sequence of frost (or drought) and disease damage ultimately leading to the oak dieback after extreme events. They provide support for adaptive evolution of long-lived species during recent climatic changes. Although we acknowledge that other sources (e.g., gene flow, generation overlap) may have contributed to temporal covariances of allelic frequency changes, the consistent and correlated response across the three forests lends support to the existence of a systematic driving force such as natural selection.

Published
2022
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12. Growing stock monitoring by European National Forest Inventories: Historical origins, current methods and harmonisation

Author

Gschwantner, Thomas, Alberdi, Iciar, Bauwens, Sebastien, Bender, Susann, Borota, Dragan, Bosela, Michal, Bouriaud, Olivier, Breidenbach, Johannes, Donis, Janis, Fischer, Christoph, Gasparini, Patrizia, Heffernan, Luke, Kolozs, Laszlo, Korhonen, Kari T., Koutsias, Nikos, Kovacsevics, Pal, Kucera, Milos, Kulbokas, Gintaras, Kuliesis, Andrius, Lanz, Adrian, Lejeune, Philippe, Lind, Torgny, Marin, Gheorghe, Morneau, Francois, Nord-Larsen, Thomas, Nunes, Leonia, Pantic, Damjan, Redmond, John, Rego, Francisco C., Riedel, Thomas, Seben, Vladimir, Sims, Allan, Skudnik, Mitja, and Tomter, Stein M.

Subjects
Forest Science
Abstract

Wood resources have been essential for human welfare throughout history. Also nowadays, the volume of growing stock (GS) is considered one of the most important forest attributes monitored by National Forest Inventories (NFIs) to inform policy decisions and forest management planning. The origins of forest inventories closely relate to times of early wood shortage in Europe causing the need to explore and plan the utilisation of GS in the catchment areas of mines, saltworks and settlements. Over time, forest surveys became more detailed and their scope turned to larger areas, although they were still conceived as stand-wise inventories. In the 1920s, the first sample-based NFIs were introduced in the northern European countries. Since the earliest beginnings, GS monitoring approaches have considerably evolved. Current NFI methods differ due to country-specific conditions, inventory traditions, and information needs. Consequently, GS estimates were lacking international comparability and were therefore subject to recent harmonisation efforts to meet the increasing demand for consistent forest resource information at European level. As primary large-area monitoring programmes in most European countries, NFIs assess a multitude of variables, describing various aspects of sustainable forest management, including for example wood supply, carbon sequestration, and biodiversity. Many of these contemporary subject matters involve considerations about GS and its changes, at different geographic levels and time frames from past to future developments according to scenario simulations. Due to its historical, continued and currently increasing importance, we provide an up-to-date review focussing on large-area GS monitoring where we i) describe the origins and historical development of European NFIs, ii) address the terminology and present GS definitions of NFIs, iii) summarise the current methods of 23 European NFIs including sampling methods, tree measurements, volume models, estimators, uncertainty components, and the use of air-and space-borne data sources, iv) present the recent progress in NFI harmonisation in Europe, and v) provide an outlook under changing climate and forest-based bioeconomy objectives.

Published
2022

13. Genome-wide evolutionary response of European oaks since the Little Ice Age

Author

Saleh, Dounia, primary, Chen, Jun, additional, Leple, Jean-Charles, additional, Leroy, Thibault, additional, Truffaut, Laura, additional, Dencausse, Benjamin, additional, Lalanne, Celine, additional, Labadie, Karine, additional, Lesur, Isabelle, additional, Bert, Didier, additional, Lagane, Frederic, additional, Morneau, Francois, additional, Aury, Jean-Marc, additional, Plomion, Christophe, additional, Lascoux, Martin, additional, and KREMER, Antoine, additional

Published
2021
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14. Seasonal water stress tolerance and habitat associations within four neotropical tree genera

Author

Barloto, Christopher, Morneau, Francois, Bonal, Damien, Blanc, Lilian, and Ferry, Bruno

Subjects
French Guiana -- Environmental aspects, Photosynthesis -- Research, Rain forest ecology -- Research, Biological sciences, Environmental issues
Abstract

We investigated the relationship between habitat association and physiological performance in four congeneric species pairs exhibiting contrasting distributions between seasonally flooded and terra firme habitats in lowland tropical rain forests of French Guiana, including Virola and Iryanthera (Myristicaceae), Symphonia (Clusiaceae), and Eperua (Caesalpiniaceae). We analyzed 10-year data sets of mapped and measured saplings (stems [greater than or equal to ]150 cm in height and < 10 cm diameter at breast height [dbh]) and trees (stems [greater than or equal to] 10 cm dbh) across 37.5 ha of permanent plots covering a 300-ha zone, within which seasonally flooded areas (where the water table never descends below 1 m) have been mapped. Additionally, we tested the response of growth, survival, and leaf functional traits of these species to drought and flood stress in a controlled experiment. We tested for habitat preference using a modification of the torus translation method. Strong contrasting associations of the species pairs of Iryanthera, Virola, and Symphonia were observed at the sapling stage, and these associations strengthened for the tree stage. Neither species of Eperua was significantly associated with flooded habitats at the sapling stage, but E. falcata was significantly and positively associated with flooded forests at the tree stage, and trees of E. grandiflora were found almost exclusively in nonflooded habitats. Differential performance provided limited explanatory support for the observed habitat associations, with only congeners of Iryanthera exhibiting divergent sapling survival and tree growth. Seedlings of species associated with flooded forest tended to have higher photosynthetic capacity than their congeners at field capacity. In addition, they tended to have the largest reductions in leaf gas exchange and growth rate in response to experimental drought stress and the least reductions in response to experimental inundation. The corroboration of habitat association with differences in functional traits and, to a lesser extent, measures of performance provides an explanation for the regional coexistence of these species pairs. We suggest that specialization to seasonally flooded habitats may explain patterns of adaptive radiation in many tropical tree genera and thereby provide a substantial contribution to regional tree diversity. Key words: drought tolerance; French Guiana; photosynthetic capacity; phylogenetically independent contrast; relative growth rate; seasonally flooded forest; specific leaf area; torus translation method; tropical forest.

Published
2007

15. Harmonised projections of future forest resources in Europe

Author

Vauhkonen, Jari, Berger, Ambros, Gschwantner, Thomas, Schadauer, Klemens, Lejeune, Philippe, Perin, Jerome, Pitchugin, Mikhail, Adolt, Radim, Zeman, Miroslav, Johannsen, Vivian Kvist, Kepfer-Rojas, Sebastian, Sims, Allan, Bastick, Claire, Morneau, Francois, Colin, Antoine, Bender, Susann, Kovacsevics, Pal, Solti, Gyorgy, Kolozs, Laszlo, Nagy, Dora, Nagy, Kinga, Twomey, Mark, Redmond, John, Gasparini, Patrizia, Notarangelo, Monica, Rizzo, Maria, Makovskis, Kristaps, Lazdins, Andis, Lupikis, Ainars, Kulbokas, Gintaras, Anton-Fernandez, Clara, Rego, Francisco Castro, Nunes, Leonia, Marin, Gheorghe, Calota, Catalin, Pantic, Damjan, Borota, Dragan, Roessiger, Joerg, Bosela, Michal, Seben, Vladimir, Skudnik, Mitja, Adame, Patricia, Alberdi, Iciar, Canellas, Isabel, Lind, Torgny, Trubins, Renats, Thurig, Esther, Stadelmann, Golo, Ditchburn, Ben, Ross, David, Gilbert, Justin, Halsall, Lesley, Lier, Markus, Packalen, Tuula, Vauhkonen, Jari, Berger, Ambros, Gschwantner, Thomas, Schadauer, Klemens, Lejeune, Philippe, Perin, Jerome, Pitchugin, Mikhail, Adolt, Radim, Zeman, Miroslav, Johannsen, Vivian Kvist, Kepfer-Rojas, Sebastian, Sims, Allan, Bastick, Claire, Morneau, Francois, Colin, Antoine, Bender, Susann, Kovacsevics, Pal, Solti, Gyorgy, Kolozs, Laszlo, Nagy, Dora, Nagy, Kinga, Twomey, Mark, Redmond, John, Gasparini, Patrizia, Notarangelo, Monica, Rizzo, Maria, Makovskis, Kristaps, Lazdins, Andis, Lupikis, Ainars, Kulbokas, Gintaras, Anton-Fernandez, Clara, Rego, Francisco Castro, Nunes, Leonia, Marin, Gheorghe, Calota, Catalin, Pantic, Damjan, Borota, Dragan, Roessiger, Joerg, Bosela, Michal, Seben, Vladimir, Skudnik, Mitja, Adame, Patricia, Alberdi, Iciar, Canellas, Isabel, Lind, Torgny, Trubins, Renats, Thurig, Esther, Stadelmann, Golo, Ditchburn, Ben, Ross, David, Gilbert, Justin, Halsall, Lesley, Lier, Markus, and Packalen, Tuula

Published
2019

18. THE BREEDING RANGE OF THE BARROW'S GOLDENEYE IN EASTERN NORTH AMERICA

Author

ROBERT, MICHEL, BORDAGE, DANIEL, SAVARD, JEAN-PIERRE L., FITZGERALD, GUY, and MORNEAU, FRANCOIS

Subjects
Biological sciences, Behavior
Abstract

MICHEL ROBERT [1,4] DANIEL BORDAGE [1] JEAN-PIERRE L. SAVARD [1] GUY FITZGERALD [2] FRANCOIS MORNEAU [3] ABSTRACT.--The breeding range of Barrow's Goldeneye (Bucephala islandica) is largely restricted to northwestern North [...]

Published
2000

21. Breeding bird species richness associated with a powerline right-of-way in a northern mixed forest landscape

Author

Doucet, G. Jean, Morneau, Francois, Giguere, Michel, and Laperle, Marcel

Abstract

Transmission powerline rights-of-way potentially represent a cause of fragmentation and loss of forest habitat. We hypothesized that rights-of-way and associated edge effect could increase local bird species richness in a forested landscape. To address this question, we determined breeding bird species richness and abundance in forest, right-of-way, and forest edge in a mixed forest landscape in central Quebec. Mean breeding bird species richness, cumulative richness, and Hurlbert richness index were higher in the forest and the edge than in theright-of-way. There was no significant difference between forest andedge. Cumulative richness in the edge was almost three times greaterthan in the right-of-way. No significant difference in abundance wasobserved between the edge and the forest for all bird species. Ten bird species in the forest and nine in the edge were more abundant than in the right-of-way. Three species were more abundant in the right-of-way than in the edge and the forest. The Chestnut-sided Warbler (Dendroica pensylvanica) was found only in the edge. Negative edge effect was limited at most to the Black-and-white Warbler (Mniotilta varia). The forest habitat provided most of the species richness observed; the right-of-way added a few species, while the edge added only one, the Chestnut-sided Warbler. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1999

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