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Minc03328 effector gene downregulation triggered by in planta RNAi strategy strongly reduced plant susceptibility to Meloidogyne incognita and suggests that Minc03328 gene is a promising target for the development of genetically engineered crops to improve plant tolerance to M. incognita. Meloidogyne incognita is the most economically important species of root-knot nematodes (RKN) and causes severe damage to crops worldwide. M. incognita secretes several effector proteins to suppress the host plant defense response, and manipulate the plant cell cycle and other plant processes facilitating its parasitism. Different secreted effector proteins have already been identified in M. incognita, but not all have been characterized or have had the confirmation of their involvement in nematode parasitism in their host plants. Herein, we characterized the Minc03328 (Minc3s00020g01299) effector gene, confirmed its higher expression in the early stages of M. incognita parasitism in plants, as well as the accumulation of the Minc03328 effector protein in subventral glands and its secretion. We also discuss the potential for simultaneous downregulation of its paralogue Minc3s00083g03984 gene. Using the in planta RNA interference strategy, Arabidopsis thaliana plants overexpressing double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) were generated to specifically targeting and downregulating the Minc03328 gene during nematode parasitism. Transgenic Minc03328-dsRNA lines that significantly downregulated Minc03328 gene expression during M. incognita parasitism were significantly less susceptible. The number of galls, egg masses, and [galls/egg masses] ratio were reduced in these transgenic lines by up to 85%, 90%, and 87%, respectively. Transgenic Minc03328-dsRNA lines showed the presence of fewer and smaller galls, indicating that parasitism was hindered. Overall, data herein strongly suggest that Minc03328 effector protein is important for M. incognita parasitism establishment. As well, the in planta Minc03328-dsRNA strategy demonstrated high biotechnological potential for developing crop species that could efficiently control RKN in the field. Made available in DSpace on 2022-10-03T14:05:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Minc03328-effector-gene-downregulation-2022.pdf: 6010297 bytes, checksum: 16efd63e19d2622a2a4e30c8810f27cd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2022

Item does not contain fulltext For about four decades, phonological theories have claimed that word stress assignment depends on the word's syllabic phonotactic complexity in relation to syllabic position. This study analyzes the phonotactic implications for word stress Brazilian Portuguese. After creating a phonotactic corpus and applying Random Forest modeling, phonotactic distributions for word stress were found to be bound to stress pattern and word length in number of syllables. To account for these observations, models of word naming must be extended with aspects of word stress. 13th International Conference on Computational Processing of the Portuguese Language, PROPOR 2018, Canela, Brazil, September 24-26, 2018

IMPORTANCE: Blood pressure (BP) is a known risk factor for overall mortality and cardiovascular (CV)-specific fatal and nonfatal outcomes. It is uncertain which BP index is most strongly associated with these outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association of BP indexes with death and a composite CV event. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Longitudinal population-based cohort study of 11 135 adults from Europe, Asia, and South America with baseline observations collected from May 1988 to May 2010 (last follow-ups, August 2006-October 2016). EXPOSURES: Blood pressure measured by an observer or an automated office machine; measured for 24 hours, during the day or the night; and the dipping ratio (nighttime divided by daytime readings). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) expressed the risk of death or a CV event associated with BP increments of 20/10 mm Hg. Cardiovascular events included CV mortality combined with nonfatal coronary events, heart failure, and stroke. Improvement in model performance was assessed by the change in the area under the curve (AUC). RESULTS: Among 11 135 participants (median age, 54.7 years, 49.3% women), 2836 participants died (18.5 per 1000 person-years) and 2049 (13.4 per 1000 person-years) experienced a CV event over a median of 13.8 years of follow-up. Both end points were significantly associated with all single systolic BP indexes (P

Metal alkynyl complexes have many opportunities to offer in the development of new metal-based chemotherapeutic agents, especially for gold and platinum derivatives, whose complexes present a great stability due to the M–C[tbnd]CR bonds. This review covers the chemistry of gold and platinum complexes bearing alkynyl ligands that present antitumor activity. Additionally, platinum compounds are promising candidates to be used as photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy with easily tuneable photophysical properties.