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Objective: The current study aims to investigate the safety and efficacy of using calcium hydroxyapatite (CaHA) versus CaHA associated with hyaluronic acid (HA) for forehead volume replacement and contour restoration without forehead irregularities., Methods: This interventional study involved 132 participants in a two-arm, parallel, double-blind trial for forehead treatment using the supraperiosteal technique. Group A received CaHA, and Group B received a combination of CaHA and HA as filler materials. Follow-up assessments occurred at 30 and 180 days, incorporating the 5-point Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS) and photographic analysis for forehead volume replacement, contour restoration, and without forehead irregularities. Safety assessments included monitoring adverse events, particularly nodules., Results: The study included all 132 enrolled patients who completed the trial. Applying CaHA in combination with HA resulted in a statistically significant improvement in both GAIS scale scores and the reduction of forehead irregularities. The total incidence of nodules was 3.7%. Group A had four times more occurrences of nodules than Group B. Furthermore, Group B exhibited lower rates of forehead irregularities following the treatment compared to Group A., Conclusion: The supraperiosteal application of CaHA and HA for forehead treatment demonstrates superior efficacy in addressing signs of aging compared to the isolated use of CaHA., (© 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

Dental caries remains the most prevalent chronic disease globally, and its management should adhere to the principles of minimal intervention dentistry. This study reports a series of successful cases involving the selective removal of carious tissue in permanent molars, with follow-up periods of up to 21 years. Six permanent molars with severe and deep carious lesions were treated with selective caries removal and restored with high-viscosity glass ionomer cement. Clinical examination revealed that the teeth were free from pain and sensitivity. Follow-up assessments were conducted at 7 and 21 years posttreatment. Treatment success was defined by the absence of clinical and radiographic signs, symptoms of pulp alterations, and lesion arrest. Successful minimally invasive approaches were observed with selective removal of carious tissue and maintenance of pulp vitality for up to 21 years., Competing Interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare., (Copyright © 2024 José Carlos Pettorossi Imparato et al.)

Aims: The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness and acceptance of children and their parents of the Hall technique (HT) for dental rehabilitation in pediatric dentistry., Background: The approach of the HT is that of minimally invasive treatment of the dental element and is used exclusively on primary molars. Various studies in the literature point to HT as a restorative option well accepted by children and parents and quite predictable, with low retreatment rates and good cost-effectiveness for the management of primary molars with carious lesions. However, no systematic review in the literature has approached randomized clinical trials on these topics to produce a high level of evidence and help establish clinical HT protocols., Review Results: Eight articles were selected for the systematic review. The HT was more cost-effective than procedures using other restorative materials. Regarding acceptance, in terms of esthetics, high percentages of satisfaction were reported for parents and children, with a divergence between studies in the comparison of esthetic preference with atraumatic restorative treatment. However, when considering crown cementation pain, comfort, anxiety, preference, and satisfaction, the HT was generally better evaluated when compared to other restorative materials., Conclusion: The HT is an excellent restorative option when considering cost-effectiveness and acceptance and is recommended for use in daily clinical practice., Clinical Significance: Results indicate that HT is superior to other restorative materials regarding its acceptance by children and parents in terms of pain, comfort, anxiety, and crown preference and satisfaction. There were also high percentages of satisfaction with esthetics. Hall technique may initially appear expensive for dentists, but its effectiveness over time and the lesser need for consultations and reinventions ensure better cost-benefit than other restorative materials. How to cite this article: Valentim FB, Moreira KMS, Carneiro VC, et al . Cost-effectiveness and Acceptance in Children and Parents of the Hall Technique: Systematic Review of Clinical Trials. J Contemp Dent Pract 2023;24(12):1016-1025.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the physico-mechanical properties of a high viscosity glass ionomer cement (GIC) reinforced with TiO 2 nanotubes (TiO 2 -nt)., Methods: TiO 2 -nt was incorporated into the GIC powder components (Ketac Molar EasyMix™) in concentrations of 0% (control group), 3%, 5%, 7% by weight. Compressive strength (n = 10/group), three point bending for flexural strength (n = 18/group), microshear bond strength to dentin and failure mode (n = 20/group), and surface roughness and weight loss before and after brushing simulation (30,000 cycles) (n = 8/group) were evaluated. Data were submitted to Shapiro-Wilk, ANOVA, Tukey and Chi-square tests (α ≤ 0.05)., Results: Addition of 5% of TiO 2 -nt into GIC presented the highest values for compressive strength and differed from the control, 3% and 7% groups (p = 0.023). There were no significant differences in flexural strength (p = 0.107) and surface roughness before and after the dental brushing (p = 0.287) among the groups. GIC added with 5% TiO 2 -nt showed the lowest weight loss values (p = 0.01), whereas the control, 3% or 5% TiO 2 -nt groups presented similar microshear bond strength values (p ≥ 0.05). The 5% TiO 2 -nt group featured higher microshear bond strength than the 7% TiO 2 -nt group (p = 0.034). Cohesive in material was the most representative failure mode for all groups., Significance: The incorporation of TiO 2 -nt did not affect GIC's adhesiveness to dentin, but improved its compressive strength at 5%. Furthermore, TiO 2 -nt decreased the percentage of weight loss after GIC's surface wear., (Copyright © 2020 The Academy of Dental Materials. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Objective: This study evaluated the effect of hydrogen peroxide addition on β-cyclodextrin-conjugated methylene blue in antimicrobial photodynamic therapy(a-PDT) in S. mutans biofilm model using laser or light emitting diode (LED) (λ = 660 nm)., Methods: A preliminary assay was performed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of hydrogen peroxide in oral fibroblasts by the colorimetric method (MTT). Afterwards, groups were divided into (n = 3, in triplicate): C (negative control), CX - chlorhexidine 0.2% (positive control), P (methylene blue/β-cyclodextrin), H (Hydrogen Peroxide at 40 μM), PH, L (Laser), LP, LH (Laser+Hydrogen Peroxide), LPH, LED, LEDP, LEDH, and LEDPH. The biofilm was formed in 24 h with BHI + 1% sucrose (w/v). Light irradiations were conducted with laser, 9 J, 323 J/cm 2 , 113 s or with LED, 8.1 J, 8.1 J/cm 2 for 90 s. Microbial reduction was evaluated by counting the viable microorganisms of the biofilm after the respective treatments, in a selective culture medium, and laser confocal microscopy evaluation., Results: LP, LH, LPH, LEDP, LEDH, and LEDPH groups statistically reduced the counts of S.mutans compared with the C group and the log reductions were of 1.87, 1.94, 2.19, 0.91, 0.92, and 1.33, respectively; the addition of hydrogen peroxide did not potentiate the microbial reductions (LPH and LEDPH) compared with the LP and LEDP groups., Conclusion: The association of hydrogen peroxide with the conjugated β-cyclodextrin nanoparticle as photosensitizer did not result in an enhanced effect of a-PDT; hydrogen peroxide behaved as a photosensitizer, since it reduced the number of S. mutans when associated with laser light., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Background: Evidence regarding the impact of premature loss of primary molars on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) is lacking., Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of premature loss of primary molars in schoolchildren and its impact on OHRQoL., Design: We randomly selected 667 children aged 8-9 years enrolled in public and private schools from Aracaju (Brazil). The presence of untreated dental caries and early loss of primary molars were recorded, and its impacts on OHRQoL evaluated using Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ 8-10 ). Influence of some variables on tooth loss and OHRQoL was assessed by multilevel Poisson's regression analysis (P < 0.05)., Results: The prevalence for early tooth loss was 65.4% (95% confidence interval 51.1%-77.3%). Children with untreated dental caries and attending public schools presented higher prevalence of early tooth loss. Moreover, early loss of primary molars provoked negative impact on OHRQoL considering total score of CPQ 8-10 and domains "oral symptoms," "functional limitations" and "emotional well-being." Children presenting early teeth loss presented significantly higher scores of CPQ 8-10 , as well as females and children with dental caries in other teeth., Conclusions: The prevalence of early loss of primary molars is high, and it impacts the OHRQoL of children aged 8-9 years., (© 2018 BSPD, IAPD and John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Background: Since cases of deep caries lesions may result in dental extraction due to any absence of endodontic services, and considering the advantages of conservative treatment, partial caries removal can be a viable alternative to the treatment of these lesions., Case Report: During the clinical examination, generalised caries lesions were observed in a 6-year-old boy. In the maxillary right first permanent molar (tooth 16), without sensitivity to percussion and/or spontaneous pain, partial caries removal of deep caries was performed being careful to avoid pulpal exposure, followed by capping with calcium hydroxide cement and restoration using glass ionomer cement., Follow-Up: After 14 years, the success of the treatment was observed by the tooth being symptom-free, the caries arrested and healthy on periapical radiograph examination even though the restoration had been lost. Endodontic treatment was not considered necessary and the dental survival time was increased, keeping the pulp vitality and absence of apical pathologies. Therefore, a restoration with Z350 resin composite was performed to return masticatory function to the tooth., Conclusion: Partial caries removal increased the dental survival time, avoiding the necessity of endodontic treatment and early dental loss.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to assess long-term impact of tooth eruption stages (ES) on sealant retention on occlusal surfaces previously coated with intermediary bonding layer and to determine caries prevention., Materials and Methods: Sixty-five school children were selected (aged 6-10 years), with four non-carious permanent first molar in different ES (OP (operculum present), ME (marginal edge), CE (completely erupted)). Split-mouth and single-blind study design was used. The teeth (260) were randomly selected according to treatment (sealant/technique): F (Fluroshield), H (Helioseal Clear Chroma), SF (Single Bond + F), EH (Excite + H). Sealant retention, marginal integrity, discoloration, and caries prevention were assessed after 6, 12, 18, and 24 months by calibrated examiner (Spearman = 0.91) using visual inspection. Data were submitted to the Cox proportional hazard model (survival analysis) and Likelihood ratio χ 2 test (correlation), p ≤ 0.05., Results: At baseline, ES was 20 % in OP, 54 % in ME, and 26 % in CE. There was no significant difference on sealant retention between the treatments (p = 0.2774). However, significant differences were found regarding the ES on sealant retention (p = 0.0041). The CE stage showed the highest retention survival rate during the 24 months. The overall sealant prevention average was found to be about 99.4 % and showed no difference between the groups., Conclusions: Eruption stages affect sealant retention irregardless of the intermediate layer and type of sealant. However, there was caries prevention on tooth occlusal surfaces after 24 months, regardless of treatment., Clinical Relevance: Sealing is recommended to prevent occlusal caries of newly erupted teeth in high-caries-risk patients. However, its application is critical on moisture limited control surfaces independently of sealer material and technique.