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To map the available evidence on nursing care provided to prevent the development of pressure ulcers/injuries in emergency services. Scoping review that follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and the Meta-Analyses extensions for Scoping Reviews and the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines. The inclusion criteria were based on the PCC mnemonic. The main variables of interest were the nursing care provided to prevent the development of pressure ulcers/injuries (Condition) reported in studies developed in hospital emergency services (Context) with adult participants (Population). The scoping review protocol was registered on the OSF platform. During the selection process, 175 articles were identified in different databases. Applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 20 studies were included in this scoping review. The preventive measures for the development of pressure ulcers/injuries were grouped into 9 categories: "risk factors and risk assessment", "support surfaces", "dressings for pressure ulcer/injury prevention", "skin and tissue assessment", "repositioning and early mobilization", "preventive skin care", "nutrition in pressure ulcer/injury prevention", "health education" and "vital signs management". The instruments for assessing the risk of developing pressure ulcers/injuries mentioned in the studies are the Braden, Waterlow and Norton scales. The most documented tool for assessing the risk of developing pressure ulcers/injuries in hospital emergency services was the Braden Scale. International literature identified several preventive interventions that could be implemented in emergency services to avoid pressure ulcers/injuries development. However, is crucial that those preventive interventions were systematic implemented (in combination) since hospital admission. • This scoping review mapped and categorized 9 pressure ulcers/injuries preventive interventions. • The risk assessment tools mapped were Braden, Waterlow and Norton scales. • Pressure ulcers/injuries preventive interventions could be applied in emergency services. • Pressure ulcers/injuries preventive interventions should be applied together in a systematic way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electroluminescence (EL) is an innovative technology in the lighting area. EL devices' main structure consists of a phosphor layer sandwiched between two electrodes. In this work, several alternating-current EL devices were developed by applying a set of sequential layers with combinations of in-house prepared inks and a commercially available ink as the phosphor layer. A flexible polyester textile substrate was functionalized with the inks by spray coating, after knife coating an interfacial layer directly on the surface. A thorough study was carried out on the phosphor layer composition to optimize the EL device performance, more precisely, illuminance intensity and illuminance homogeneity. The developed phosphor layer was composed of zinc sulfide doped with copper (between 30.0 and 38.1 wt%) and diluted by using a diluent at different concentrations (from 28.0 to 35.5 wt%). The best peak illuminance intensity of 61 lux was obtained when the phosphor ink presented a 35.4% ZnS:Cu ratio and was diluted with 33.0% diluent. This study aimed to determine the best formulation of the phosphor layer, which can be highly useful for further developments of EL devices, taking into account different applications in the market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundMammography is considered the best imaging technique for breast cancer screening, and the radiographer plays an important role in its performance. Therefore, continuing education is critical to improving the performance of these professionals and thus providing better health care services. ObjectiveOur goal was to develop an e-learning course on breast imaging for radiographers, assessing its efficacy, effectiveness, and user satisfaction. MethodsA stratified randomized controlled trial was performed with radiographers and radiology students who already had mammography training, using pre- and post-knowledge tests, and satisfaction questionnaires. The primary outcome was the improvement in test results (percentage of correct answers), using intention-to-treat and per-protocol analysis. ResultsA total of 54 participants were assigned to the intervention (20 students plus 34 radiographers) with 53 controls (19+34). The intervention was completed by 40 participants (11+29), with 4 (2+2) discontinued interventions, and 10 (7+3) lost to follow-up. Differences in the primary outcome were found between intervention and control: 21 versus 4 percentage points (pp), P

In this work, we describe the development of a computational screening approach for tripeptide-dipeptide co-assembly. Studies are carried out both in water and in oil–water mixtures, to evaluate possible candidates that give rise to hydrogels or more stable emulsions, respectively, through nanofibre formation. The results give rise to design rules for the identification of promising systems for numerous types of soft materials. The possibility of achieving innovative functional materials through the co-assembly of tripeptides and dipeptides is studied. In particular, coarse-grained simulations allowed for the extraction of some promising dipeptides that, together with H-aspartyl-phenylalanyl-phenylalanine-OH (DFF), are able to act as hydrogelators or emulsifiers with superior characteristics relative to DFF on its own. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zinc (Zn) is a common heavy metal in polluted soils, as it is a widespread pollutant deriving both from natural sources and anthropogenic activities. The antioxidant tolerance/defence mechanisms against oxidative stress induced by subtoxic concentrations of Zn (50 and 150 μM ZnSO 4 ) were studied in a widespread edible plant (lettuce; Lactuca sativa L.) and in an important model plant ( Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh.). After 10 days (Arabidopsis) and 20 days (lettuce) of Zn exposure, Zn uptake/translocation was evaluated in both roots and shoots, while indicators of oxidative stress and stress intensity, total antioxidant capacity, and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidative defence were measured in leaves. From an overall comparison of the two species, Zn root uptake in Arabidopsis subjected to 50 and 150 μM ZnSO 4 was approximately 3- and 5-fold lower than in lettuce, while Zn translocation from roots to apical leaves was more efficient in Arabidopsis (23.7 vs 21.3% at 50 μM ZnSO 4 and 19.3 vs 12.9% at 150 μM ZnSO 4 ). Generally, a higher degree of Zn-induced oxidative stress (863.8 vs 21.3 μg g −1 FW H 2 O 2 and 1.33 vs 0.75 μM g −1 FW MDA eq at 150 μM ZnSO 4 ) and antioxidant response (441.2 vs 258.5 mM g −1  FW TEAC and 91.0 vs 54.9% RSA at 150 μM ZnSO 4 ) were found in lettuce. The aim of this study is understanding (a) if subtoxic Zn levels can affect Zn uptake and translocation in the studied species and (b) if this eventual Zn absorption can influence plant oxidative status/antioxidant response. Considering that soil contamination by Zn can affect crop production and quality, the results of this research could be important for environmental, nutritional and human health issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rationale and Objectives: Computer-aided detection and diagnosis (CAD) systems have been developed in the past two decades to assist radiologists in the detection and diagnosis of lesions seen on breast imaging exams, thus providing a second opinion. Mammographic databases play an important role in the development of algorithms aiming at the detection and diagnosis of mammary lesions. However, available databases often do not take into consideration all the requirements needed for research and study purposes. This article aims to present and detail a new mammographic database. Materials and Methods: Images were acquired at a breast center located in a university hospital (Centro Hospitalar de S. João [CHSJ], Breast Centre, Porto) with the permission of the Portuguese National Committee of Data Protection and Hospital''s Ethics Committee. MammoNovation Siemens full-field digital mammography, with a solid-state detector of amorphous selenium was used. Results: The new database—INbreast—has a total of 115 cases (410 images) from which 90 cases are from women with both breasts affected (four images per case) and 25 cases are from mastectomy patients (two images per case). Several types of lesions (masses, calcifications, asymmetries, and distortions) were included. Accurate contours made by specialists are also provided in XML format. Conclusion: The strengths of the actually presented database—INbreast—relies on the fact that it was built with full-field digital mammograms (in opposition to digitized mammograms), it presents a wide variability of cases, and is made publicly available together with precise annotations. We believe that this database can be a reference for future works centered or related to breast cancer imaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction : Urachal carcinoma is a rare type of non-urothelial malignancy that arises from the urachal ligament, a remnant of fetal development. It frequently involves the dome of the bladder or its midline, with adenocarcinoma being the most common histological type. This malignancy is generally diagnosed in advanced stages and is associated with poor prognosis. Case report: A 40-year-old woman was referred to hospital due to recurrent urinary tract infections. Imaging studies showed the presence of a 3.7 cm tumor in the bladder dome that extended to the posterior region of the umbilicus. A biopsy through cystoscopy confirmed the diagnosis of urachal carcinoma. Since there were no metastases, the patient underwent partial cystectomy and resection of the urachal ligament and the umbilicus. Surgical margins were negative and it was considered a complete resection. Nine months later, disease progression occurred, with peritoneal carcinomatosis, multiple adenopathies and a 4 cm mass in the pelvic cavity with invasion of the vagina, rectum, and sigmoid colon. She began palliative chemotherapy with cisplatine and 5-fluorouracil. After 7 cycles, progression was again observed, with an increase of the pelvic mass, vaginal and rectal hemorrhage, multiple intramuscular implants, bilateral axillary adenopathies, as well as lesion in the right breast, which was compatible with metastasis from urachal carcinoma. She underwent hemostatic radiotherapy to the pelvic mass and second line palliative chemotherapy with gemcitabine and paclitaxel. After 4 cycles, the patient clinically deteriorated and eventually died. Conclusion: Urachal carcinoma is an aggressive malignancy. Although systemic treatment may be effective in disease control, a standard chemotherapy regimen is yet to be determined. Multicenter trials are needed to clarify the best treatment approach in these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• rs16944TT genotype is a susceptibility factor to the development of psychopathology in MS. • rs16944 polymorphism may be involved in feelings of anxiety in the normal population. • Immune factors could be implicated in the physiological regulation of mood. Mood disorders, as depression and anxiety, are frequent in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients. High pro-inflammatory cytokine levels (e.g. IL-1β) have been reported in depressed individuals. We aimed to investigate the role of the rs16944 (IL-1β-511 C > T) polymorphism in the development of anxiety and depression symptoms in a Portuguese cohort of MS patients. 393 MS patients answered the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) at T1. This questionnaire was reapplied to a subgroup of 175 MS patients approximately three years later (T2). HADS cut-off scores for anxiety and depression were respectively ≥11 and ≥8. At T1, anxiety was found in 106 MS patients (27.0%) and 11 controls (16.7%); whereas depression was identified in 116 (29.5%) MS patients and 9 controls (13.6%). Persistent anxiety and depression were respectively recorded in 12% and 20% of MS patients. The rs16944TT genotype was found to be a susceptibility factor for the occurrence of depression at T1 (OR = 3.16, p =0.002) and the development of persistent depression (OR = 5.63, p =0.003) in MS. Study results support the hypothesis that inflammation is a significant factor in psychopathology development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A previously healthy 55-year-old woman was referred to our comprehensive cancer centre due to headaches, loss of balance, dizziness and involuntary movements of the left arm that started 1 year ago and had been escalating in the previous month. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a considerable sized intracranial lesion in the right parietal lobe, measuring 76 × 65 × 63 mm, causing significant parenchymal deformity, considerable asymmetry of the right lateral ventricle and an erosive effect of the adjacent skull. [Extracted from the article]

We demonstrate phage-display screening on self-assembled ligands that enables the identification of oligopeptides that selectively bind dynamic supramolecular targets over their unassembled counterparts. The concept is demonstrated through panning of a phage-display oligopeptide library against supramolecular tyrosine-phosphate ligands using 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl-phenylalanine-tyrosine-phosphate (Fmoc-F p Y) micellar aggregates as targets. The 14 selected peptides showed no sequence consensus but were enriched in cationic and proline residues. The lead peptide, KVYFSIPWRVPM-NH 2 (P7) was found to bind to the Fmoc-F p Y ligand exclusively in its self-assembled state with K D = 74 ± 3 μM. Circular dichroism, NMR and molecular dynamics simulations revealed that the peptide interacts with Fmoc-F p Y through the KVYF terminus and this binding event disrupts the assembled structure. In absence of the target micellar aggregate, P7 was further found to dynamically alternate between multiple conformations, with a preferred hairpin-like conformation that was shown to contribute to supramolecular ligand binding. Three identified phages presented appreciable binding, and two showed to catalyze the hydrolysis of a model para -nitro phenol phosphate substrate, with P7 demonstrating conformation-dependent activity with a modest k cat / K M = 4 ± 0.3 × 10 -4 M -1 s -1 ., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts to declare., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)