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5. Prevention of recurrent respiratory infections

Author

Katia Perruccio, Giulia Trippella, Martina Ciarcià, Paolo Becherucci, Alberto Villani, Marco Zecca, Valeria Caldarelli, Sergio Bottero, Maria Laura Panatta, Diego Peroni, Giuseppe Di Mauro, Angela Pasinato, Lorenzo Pignataro, Sofia D’Elios, Diletta Valentini, Maurizio de Martino, Guido Morbin, Fabio Cardinale, Vito Leonardo Miniello, Massimo Pifferi, Luciana Indinnimeo, Luisa Galli, Marco Antonio Motisi, Francesca Santamaria, Gian Luigi Marseglia, Francesco Macrì, Chiara Tersigni, Anna Teresa Palamara, Michele Miraglia Del Giudice, Guido Castelli Gattinara, Paolo Biasci, Emanuela Sitzia, Renato Cutrera, Elena Chiappini, Andrea Lo Vecchio, Roberto Mattina, Daniele Ciofi, Claudio Vicini, Sandro Valentini, Paola Marchisio, Attilio Varricchio, Mattia Doria, Sara Torretta, Irene Trambusti, Andrea Novelli, Barbara Bortone, Giorgio Piacentini, Maria Carmen Verga, Sara Antonini, Chiappini, E., Santamaria, F., Marseglia, G. L., Marchisio, P., Galli, L., Cutrera, R., de Martino, M., Antonini, S., Becherucci, P., Biasci, P., Bortone, B., Bottero, S., Caldarelli, V., Cardinale, F., Gattinara, G. C., Ciarcia, M., Ciofi, D., D'Elios, S., Di Mauro, G., Doria, M., Indinnimeo, L., Lo Vecchio, A., Macri, F., Mattina, R., Miniello, V. L., del Giudice, M. M., Morbin, G., Motisi, M. A., Novelli, A., Palamara, A. T., Panatta, M. L., Pasinato, A., Peroni, D., Perruccio, K., Piacentini, G., Pifferi, M., Pignataro, L., Sitzia, E., Tersigni, C., Torretta, S., Trambusti, I., Trippella, G., Valentini, D., Valentini, S., Varricchio, A., Verga, M. C., Vicini, C., Zecca, M., and Villani, A.

Subjects
Pneumococcal Vaccine, Complementary Therapies, medicine.medical_specialty, Prebiotic, Review, Probiotic, Recurrent respiratory infection, Antioxidants, Adenoidectomy, Pneumococcal Vaccines, Adjuvants, Immunologic, Quality of life, Recurrence, medicine, Antibiotic Prophylaxi, Respiratory Tract Infection, Humans, Recurrent respiratory infections, Thiazolidine, Hyaluronic Acid, Child, Intensive care medicine, Respiratory Tract Infections, Children, Administration, Intranasal, Tonsillectomy, Maternal and child health, business.industry, Probiotics, Prevention, Vitamins, Antibiotic Prophylaxis, Settore MED/38, Complete resolution, Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid, Algorithm, Prebiotics, Immune system, Complementary Therapie, Influenza Vaccines, Resveratrol, Thiazolidines, Antioxidant, Influenza Vaccine, business, Algorithms, Human
Abstract

Recurrent respiratory infections (RRIs) are a common clinical condition in children, in fact about 25% of children under 1 year and 6% of children during the first 6 years of life have RRIs. In most cases, infections occur with mild clinical manifestations and the frequency of episodes tends to decrease over time with a complete resolution by 12 years of age. However, RRIs significantly reduce child and family quality of life and lead to significant medical and social costs. Despite the importance of this condition, there is currently no agreed definition of the term RRIs in the literature, especially concerning the frequency and type of infectious episodes to be considered. The aim of this consensus document is to propose an updated definition and provide recommendations with the intent of guiding the physician in the complex process of diagnosis, management and prevention of RRIs. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13052-021-01150-0.

Published
2021
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6. [Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in the newborn infant and the child with intractable respiratory failure].

Author

Pettenazzo A, Biban P, Gamba PG, Cogo P, Zaglia F, Morbin G, Amigoni A, Marzini S, and Chiandetti L

Subjects
Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Italy, Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation instrumentation, Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation methods, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn therapy, Respiratory Insufficiency therapy
Abstract

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has become a nearly standard treatment for neonates with refractory hypoxemic respiratory failure due to various disease. Even though in the non-neonatal age the experience is less extensive, an increased widespread interest on the possible applications in children with severe life-threatening respiratory or cardiovascular insufficiency is well documented in the literature. General contraindications include presence of active bleeding, underlying lethal disease, congenital malformations, or severe brain damage. Whilst in the neonatal population common entry criteria have been widely accepted, the identification of precise parameters capable to predict mortality and thus indicating an ECMO support in older patients are still lacking. At present, nonetheless, more than 10.000 newborns and 1.000 children with severe respiratory insufficiency at high mortality risk have received an ECMO treatment, with a survival rate of more than 80% and 50%, respectively. The initial results of our ECMO program for both neonatal and pediatric patients with refractory respiratory failure are encouraging, both in terms of mortality and morbidity, and they will be briefly discussed.

Published
1996

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