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The objective was to analyse the associations between anthropometric characteristics and diet in male rugby players according to the playing position. A cross-sectional study was developed. The forwards had higher body weight (107 kg) and fat mass (FM; 12%) than the backs (87.8 kg and 8.47%, respectively) (p < 0.05). The quality of diet needs to improve (KIDMED value of 5.87 and 6.36 for forwards and backs, respectively). Nutritional imbalances, such as deficits in carbohydrates, fibre, calcium, magnesium and vitamin D, and excess of fats, saturated fatty acid, cholesterol and sugars were found. Carbohydrates and proteins intake were significant associated (p < 0.05) with a minor FM. Forwards with a KIDMED index of less than 8 had a significantly higher FM than those who maintained an optimal diet (p < 0.05). The diet of rugby players should be more in line with dietary recommendations and take into account the player position to optimise sports performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last two decades easy-to-use simple instruments have been developed and validated to assess specific aspects of the diet or a general profile that can be compared with a reference dietary pattern as the Mediterranean Diet or with the recommendations of the Dietary Guidelines. Brief instruments are rapid, simple and easy to use tools that can be implemented by unskilled personnel without specific training. These tools are useful both in clinical settings and in Primary Health Care or in the community as a tool for triage, as a screening tool to identify individuals or groups of people at risk who require further care or even they have been used in studies to investigate associations between specific aspects of the diet and health outcomes. They are also used in interventions focused on changing eating behaviors as a diagnostic tool, for self-evaluation purposes, or to provide tailored advice in web based interventions or mobile apps. There are some specific instruments for use in children, adults, elderly or specific population groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The diet history is a traditional method of analysis of food intake. In its traditional structure consists of three components that provide an overall information of the usual food consumption pattern of the individual and also detailed information on certain foods. The information is collected in an interview and requires highly experienced qualified interviewers. The quality of information depends largely on the skills of the interviewer. It is mostly used in clinical practice. It has also been used in studies of diet and health relationship to investigate the usual diet in the past. The high cost and long duration of the interview limit their usefulness in large epidemiological studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The food consumption assessment methods are used in nutrition and health population surveys and are the basis for the development of guidelines, nutritional recommendations and health plans, The study of these issues is one of the major tasks of the research and health policy in developed countries. Major advances nationally in this area have been made since 1940, both in the reliability of the data and in the standardization of studies, which is a necessary condition to compare changes over time. In this article the history and application of different dietary surveys, dietary history and food frequency records are analyzed. Besides information from surveys conducted at a national level, the main data currently available for public health planning in nutrition comes from nutritional analysis of household budget surveys and food balance sheets, based on data provided by the Ministry of Agriculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

INTRODUCTION: The dietary offer is not always concordant with the nutritional recommendations in the school menus. OBJECTIVE: To review the effectiveness of a diet counseling system for collective catering companies that operate in public education centers of Andalusia. METHODS: Cross-sectional, observational, descriptive study. We reviewed and counseled the changes needed in the monthly school menus of the companies operating in 1197 centers throughout the scholar calendar. In case of not meeting the required conditions and before being implemented, the improvement recommendations were sent to the companies. RESULTS: 78.2% of 209 menus from 21companies did not meet the established criteria and needed adaptations before being implemented. Throughout the scholar calendar, the number of menus needing changes progressively decreased, being 42.9% by the end. The most frequent cause for modification were: insufficient information on the written menu about the foods included in each dish (50,7%), lack of rotation between raw and cooked vegetables (35.4%), insufficient information on the cooking techniques (26.3%), insufficient weekly variety of rice, pasta and potatoes (17.7%), deviation in the energy and nutrients content (16.7%), less than one serving of vegetable per day (15.4%), lack of rotation in the type of fish (14.4%). Finally, 90.9% of the menus revised were approved. CONCLUSIONS: Following of the nutritional recommendations of the school menus is high with the implementation of a counseling system aimed at the dietitians of the companies of collective catering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The dietary offer is not always concordant with the nutritional recommendations in the school menus. Objective: To review the effectiveness of a diet counseling system for collective catering companies that operate in public education centers of Andalusia. Methods: Cross-sectional, observational, descriptive study. We reviewed and counseled the changes needed in the monthly school menus of the companies operating in 1197 centers throughout the scholar calendar. In case of not meeting the required conditions and before being implemented, the improvement recommendations were sent to the companies. Results: 78.2% of 209 menus from 21companies did not meet the established criteria and needed adaptations before being implemented. Throughout the scholar calendar, the number of menus needing changes progressively decreased, being 42.9% by the end. The most frequent cause for modification were: insufficient information on the written menu about the foods included in each dish (50,7%), lack of rotation between raw and cooked vegetables (35.4%), insufficient information on the cooking techniques (26.3%), insufficient weekly variety of rice, pasta and potatoes (17.7%), deviation in the energy and nutrients content (16.7%), less than one serving of vegetable per day (15.4%), lack of rotation in the type of fish (14.4%). Finally, 90.9% of the menus revised were approved. Conclusions: Following of the nutritional recommendations of the school menus is high with the implementation of a counseling system aimed at the dietitians of the companies of collective catering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]