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1. Widening global variability in grassland biomass since the 1980s

Author

MacDougall, Andrew S., Esch, Ellen, Chen, Qingqing, Carroll, Oliver, Bonner, Colin, Ohlert, Timothy, Siewert, Matthias, Sulik, John, Schweiger, Anna K., Borer, Elizabeth T., Naidu, Dilip, Bagchi, Sumanta, Hautier, Yann, Wilfahrt, Peter, Larson, Keith, Olofsson, Johan, Cleland, Elsa, Muthukrishnan, Ranjan, O’Halloran, Lydia, Alberti, Juan, Anderson, T. Michael, Arnillas, Carlos A., Bakker, Jonathan D., Barrio, Isabel C., Biederman, Lori, Boughton, Elizabeth H., Brudvig, Lars A., Bruschetti, Martin, Buckley, Yvonne, Bugalho, Miguel N., Cadotte, Marc W., Caldeira, Maria C., Catford, Jane A., D’Antonio, Carla, Davies, Kendi, Daleo, Pedro, Dickman, Christopher R., Donohue, Ian, DuPre, Mary Ellyn, Elgersma, Kenneth, Eisenhauer, Nico, Eskelinen, Anu, Estrada, Catalina, Fay, Philip A., Feng, Yanhao, Gruner, Daniel S., Hagenah, Nicole, Haider, Sylvia, Harpole, W. Stanley, Hersch-Green, Erika, Jentsch, Anke, Kirkman, Kevin, Knops, Johannes M. H., Laanisto, Lauri, Lannes, Lucíola S., Laungani, Ramesh, Lkhagva, Ariuntsetseg, Macek, Petr, Martina, Jason P., McCulley, Rebecca L., Melbourne, Brett, Mitchell, Rachel, Moore, Joslin L., Morgan, John W., Muraina, Taofeek O., Niu, Yujie, Pärtel, Meelis, Peri, Pablo L., Power, Sally A., Price, Jodi N., Prober, Suzanne M., Ren, Zhengwei, Risch, Anita C., Smith, Nicholas G., Sonnier, Grégory, Standish, Rachel J., Stevens, Carly J., Tedder, Michelle, Tognetti, Pedro, Veen, G. F. (Ciska), Virtanen, Risto, Wardle, Glenda M., Waring, Elizabeth, Wolf, Amelia A., Yahdjian, Laura, and Seabloom, Eric W.

Published
2024
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2. Author Correction: Widening global variability in grassland biomass since the 1980s

Author

MacDougall, Andrew S., Esch, Ellen, Chen, Qingqing, Carroll, Oliver, Bonner, Colin, Ohlert, Timothy, Siewert, Matthias, Sulik, John, Schweiger, Anna K., Borer, Elizabeth T., Naidu, Dilip, Bagchi, Sumanta, Hautier, Yann, Wilfahrt, Peter, Larson, Keith, Olofsson, Johan, Cleland, Elsa, Muthukrishnan, Ranjan, O’Halloran, Lydia, Alberti, Juan, Anderson, T. Michael, Arnillas, Carlos A., Bakker, Jonathan D., Barrio, Isabel C., Biederman, Lori, Boughton, Elizabeth H., Brudvig, Lars A., Bruschetti, Martin, Buckley, Yvonne, Bugalho, Miguel N., Cadotte, Marc W., Caldeira, Maria C., Catford, Jane A., D’Antonio, Carla, Davies, Kendi, Daleo, Pedro, Dickman, Christopher R., Donohue, Ian, DuPre, Mary Ellyn, Elgersma, Kenneth, Eisenhauer, Nico, Eskelinen, Anu, Estrada, Catalina, Fay, Philip A., Feng, Yanhao, Gruner, Daniel S., Hagenah, Nicole, Haider, Sylvia, Harpole, W. Stanley, Hersch-Green, Erika, Jentsch, Anke, Kirkman, Kevin, Knops, Johannes M. H., Laanisto, Lauri, Lannes, Lucíola S., Laungani, Ramesh, Lkhagva, Ariuntsetseg, Macek, Petr, Martina, Jason P., McCulley, Rebecca L., Melbourne, Brett, Mitchell, Rachel, Moore, Joslin L., Morgan, John W., Muraina, Taofeek O., Niu, Yujie, Pärtel, Meelis, Peri, Pablo L., Power, Sally A., Price, Jodi N., Prober, Suzanne M., Ren, Zhengwei, Risch, Anita C., Smith, Nicholas G., Sonnier, Grégory, Standish, Rachel J., Stevens, Carly J., Tedder, Michelle, Tognetti, Pedro, Veen, G. F. (Ciska), Virtanen, Risto, Wardle, Glenda M., Waring, Elizabeth, Wolf, Amelia A., Yahdjian, Laura, and Seabloom, Eric W.

Published
2024
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3. Nitrogen increases early‐stage and slows late‐stage decomposition across diverse grasslands

Author

Gill, Allison L, Adler, Peter B, Borer, Elizabeth T, Buyarski, Christopher R, Cleland, Elsa E, D'Antonio, Carla M, Davies, Kendi F, Gruner, Daniel S, Harpole, W Stanley, Hofmockel, Kirsten S, MacDougall, Andrew S, McCulley, Rebecca L, Melbourne, Brett A, Moore, Joslin L, Morgan, John W, Risch, Anita C, Schütz, Martin, Seabloom, Eric W, Wright, Justin P, Yang, Louie H, and Hobbie, Sarah E

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Ecology, Prevention, grasslands, litter decomposition, nitrogen, nitrogen deposition, Nutrient Network, phosphorus, Environmental Sciences, Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences
Abstract

To evaluate how increased anthropogenic nutrient inputs alter carbon cycling in grasslands, we conducted a litter decomposition study across 20 temperate grasslands on three continents within the Nutrient Network, a globally distributed nutrient enrichment experiment We determined the effects of addition of experimental nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium plus micronutrient (Kμ) on decomposition of a common tree leaf litter in a long-term study (maximum of 7 years; exact deployment period varied across sites). The use of higher order decomposition models allowed us to distinguish between the effects of nutrients on early- versus late-stage decomposition. Across continents, the addition of N (but not other nutrients) accelerated early-stage decomposition and slowed late-stage decomposition, increasing the slowly decomposing fraction by 28% and the overall litter mean residence time by 58%. Synthesis. Using a novel, long-term cross-site experiment, we found widespread evidence that N enhances the early stages of above-ground plant litter decomposition across diverse and widespread temperate grassland sites but slows late-stage decomposition. These findings were corroborated by fitting the data to multiple decomposition models and have implications for N effects on soil organic matter formation. For example, following N enrichment, increased microbial processing of litter substrates early in decomposition could promote the production and transfer of low molecular weight compounds to soils and potentially enhance the stabilization of mineral-associated organic matter. By contrast, by slowing late-stage decomposition, N enrichment could promote particulate organic matter (POM) accumulation. Such hypotheses deserve further testing.

Published
2022

4. Drivers of soil microbial and detritivore activity across global grasslands

Author

Siebert, Julia, Sünnemann, Marie, Hautier, Yann, Risch, Anita C., Bakker, Jonathan D., Biederman, Lori, Blumenthal, Dana M., Borer, Elizabeth T., Bugalho, Miguel N., Broadbent, Arthur A. D., Caldeira, Maria C., Cleland, Elsa, Davies, Kendi F., Eskelinen, Anu, Hagenah, Nicole, Knops, Johannes M. H., MacDougall, Andrew S., McCulley, Rebecca L., Moore, Joslin L., Power, Sally A., Price, Jodi N., Seabloom, Eric W., Standish, Rachel, Stevens, Carly J., Zimmermann, Stephan, and Eisenhauer, Nico

Published
2023
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5. Publisher Correction: Clarifying the effect of biodiversity on productivity in natural ecosystems with longitudinal data and methods for causal inference

Author

Dee, Laura E., Ferraro, Paul J., Severen, Christopher N., Kimmel, Kaitlin A., Borer, Elizabeth T., Byrnes, Jarrett E. K., Clark, Adam Thomas, Hautier, Yann, Hector, Andrew, Raynaud, Xavier, Reich, Peter B., Wright, Alexandra J., Arnillas, Carlos A., Davies, Kendi F., MacDougall, Andrew, Mori, Akira S., Smith, Melinda D., Adler, Peter B., Bakker, Jonathan D., Brauman, Kate A., Cowles, Jane, Komatsu, Kimberly, Knops, Johannes M. H., McCulley, Rebecca L., Moore, Joslin L., Morgan, John W., Ohlert, Timothy, Power, Sally A., Sullivan, Lauren L., Stevens, Carly, and Loreau, Michel

Published
2023
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6. Clarifying the effect of biodiversity on productivity in natural ecosystems with longitudinal data and methods for causal inference

Author

Dee, Laura E., Ferraro, Paul J., Severen, Christopher N., Kimmel, Kaitlin A., Borer, Elizabeth T., Byrnes, Jarrett E. K., Clark, Adam Thomas, Hautier, Yann, Hector, Andrew, Raynaud, Xavier, Reich, Peter B., Wright, Alexandra J., Arnillas, Carlos A., Davies, Kendi F., MacDougall, Andrew, Mori, Akira S., Smith, Melinda D., Adler, Peter B., Bakker, Jonathan D., Brauman, Kate A., Cowles, Jane, Komatsu, Kimberly, Knops, Johannes M. H., McCulley, Rebecca L., Moore, Joslin L., Morgan, John W., Ohlert, Timothy, Power, Sally A., Sullivan, Lauren L., Stevens, Carly, and Loreau, Michel

Published
2023
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7. Environmental heterogeneity modulates the effect of plant diversity on the spatial variability of grassland biomass

Author

Daleo, Pedro, Alberti, Juan, Chaneton, Enrique J., Iribarne, Oscar, Tognetti, Pedro M., Bakker, Jonathan D., Borer, Elizabeth T., Bruschetti, Martín, MacDougall, Andrew S., Pascual, Jesús, Sankaran, Mahesh, Seabloom, Eric W., Wang, Shaopeng, Bagchi, Sumanta, Brudvig, Lars A., Catford, Jane A., Dickman, Chris R., Dickson, Timothy L., Donohue, Ian, Eisenhauer, Nico, Gruner, Daniel S., Haider, Sylvia, Jentsch, Anke, Knops, Johannes M. H., Lekberg, Ylva, McCulley, Rebecca L., Moore, Joslin L., Mortensen, Brent, Ohlert, Timothy, Pärtel, Meelis, Peri, Pablo L., Power, Sally A., Risch, Anita C., Rocca, Camila, Smith, Nicholas G., Stevens, Carly, Tamme, Riin, Veen, G. F. (Ciska), Wilfahrt, Peter A., and Hautier, Yann

Published
2023
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8. Nutrient availability controls the impact of mammalian herbivores on soil carbon and nitrogen pools in grasslands

Author

Sitters, Judith, Wubs, ER Jasper, Bakker, Elisabeth S, Crowther, Thomas W, Adler, Peter B, Bagchi, Sumanta, Bakker, Jonathan D, Biederman, Lori, Borer, Elizabeth T, Cleland, Elsa E, Eisenhauer, Nico, Firn, Jennifer, Gherardi, Laureano, Hagenah, Nicole, Hautier, Yann, Hobbie, Sarah E, Knops, Johannes MH, MacDougall, Andrew S, McCulley, Rebecca L, Moore, Joslin L, Mortensen, Brent, Peri, Pablo L, Prober, Suzanne M, Riggs, Charlotte, Risch, Anita C, Schütz, Martin, Seabloom, Eric W, Siebert, Julia, Stevens, Carly J, and Veen, GF Ciska

Subjects
Climate Action, carbon sequestration, exclosure, fertilization, global change, grazing, herbivory, nutrient dynamics, nutrient enrichment, Nutrient Network, soil microorganisms, Environmental Sciences, Biological Sciences, Ecology
Abstract

Grasslands are subject to considerable alteration due to human activities globally, including widespread changes in populations and composition of large mammalian herbivores and elevated supply of nutrients. Grassland soils remain important reservoirs of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N). Herbivores may affect both C and N pools and these changes likely interact with increases in soil nutrient availability. Given the scale of grassland soil fluxes, such changes can have striking consequences for atmospheric C concentrations and the climate. Here, we use the Nutrient Network experiment to examine the responses of soil C and N pools to mammalian herbivore exclusion across 22 grasslands, under ambient and elevated nutrient availabilities (fertilized with NPK + micronutrients). We show that the impact of herbivore exclusion on soil C and N pools depends on fertilization. Under ambient nutrient conditions, we observed no effect of herbivore exclusion, but under elevated nutrient supply, pools are smaller upon herbivore exclusion. The highest mean soil C and N pools were found in grazed and fertilized plots. The decrease in soil C and N upon herbivore exclusion in combination with fertilization correlated with a decrease in aboveground plant biomass and microbial activity, indicating a reduced storage of organic matter and microbial residues as soil C and N. The response of soil C and N pools to herbivore exclusion was contingent on temperature - herbivores likely cause losses of C and N in colder sites and increases in warmer sites. Additionally, grasslands that contain mammalian herbivores have the potential to sequester more N under increased temperature variability and nutrient enrichment than ungrazed grasslands. Our study highlights the importance of conserving mammalian herbivore populations in grasslands worldwide. We need to incorporate local-scale herbivory, and its interaction with nutrient enrichment and climate, within global-scale models to better predict land-atmosphere interactions under future climate change.

Published
2020

9. Global gene flow releases invasive plants from environmental constraints on genetic diversity

Author

Smith, Annabel L, Hodkinson, Trevor R, Villellas, Jesus, Catford, Jane A, Csergő, Anna Mária, Blomberg, Simone P, Crone, Elizabeth E, Ehrlén, Johan, Garcia, Maria B, Laine, Anna-Liisa, Roach, Deborah A, Salguero-Gómez, Roberto, Wardle, Glenda M, Childs, Dylan Z, Elderd, Bret D, Finn, Alain, Munné-Bosch, Sergi, Baudraz, Maude EA, Bódis, Judit, Brearley, Francis Q, Bucharova, Anna, Caruso, Christina M, Duncan, Richard P, Dwyer, John M, Gooden, Ben, Groenteman, Ronny, Hamre, Liv Norunn, Helm, Aveliina, Kelly, Ruth, Laanisto, Lauri, Lonati, Michele, Moore, Joslin L, Morales, Melanie, Olsen, Siri Lie, Pärtel, Meelis, Petry, William K, Ramula, Satu, Rasmussen, Pil U, Enri, Simone Ravetto, Roeder, Anna, Roscher, Christiane, Saastamoinen, Marjo, Tack, Ayco JM, Töpper, Joachim Paul, Vose, Gregory E, Wandrag, Elizabeth M, Wingler, Astrid, and Buckley, Yvonne M

Subjects
Genetics, Demography, Gene Flow, Genetic Variation, Introduced Species, Phylogeny, Plantago, plant invasion, adaptation, global change, population genetics, demography
Abstract

When plants establish outside their native range, their ability to adapt to the new environment is influenced by both demography and dispersal. However, the relative importance of these two factors is poorly understood. To quantify the influence of demography and dispersal on patterns of genetic diversity underlying adaptation, we used data from a globally distributed demographic research network comprising 35 native and 18 nonnative populations of Plantago lanceolata Species-specific simulation experiments showed that dispersal would dilute demographic influences on genetic diversity at local scales. Populations in the native European range had strong spatial genetic structure associated with geographic distance and precipitation seasonality. In contrast, nonnative populations had weaker spatial genetic structure that was not associated with environmental gradients but with higher within-population genetic diversity. Our findings show that dispersal caused by repeated, long-distance, human-mediated introductions has allowed invasive plant populations to overcome environmental constraints on genetic diversity, even without strong demographic changes. The impact of invasive plants may, therefore, increase with repeated introductions, highlighting the need to constrain future introductions of species even if they already exist in an area.

Published
2020

10. Evolutionary history of grazing and resources determine herbivore exclusion effects on plant diversity

Author

Price, Jodi N., Sitters, Judith, Ohlert, Timothy, Tognetti, Pedro M., Brown, Cynthia S., Seabloom, Eric W., Borer, Elizabeth T., Prober, Suzanne M., Bakker, Elisabeth S., MacDougall, Andrew S., Yahdjian, Laura, Gruner, Daniel S., Olde Venterink, Harry, Barrio, Isabel C., Graff, Pamela, Bagchi, Sumanta, Arnillas, Carlos Alberto, Bakker, Jonathan D., Blumenthal, Dana M., Boughton, Elizabeth H., Brudvig, Lars A., Bugalho, Miguel N., Cadotte, Marc W., Caldeira, Maria C., Dickman, Chris R., Donohue, Ian, Grégory, Sonnier, Hautier, Yann, Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg S., Lannes, Luciola S., McCulley, Rebecca L., Moore, Joslin L., Power, Sally A., Risch, Anita C., Schütz, Martin, Standish, Rachel, Stevens, Carly J., Veen, G. F., Virtanen, Risto, and Wardle, Glenda M.

Published
2022
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11. Temporal rarity is a better predictor of local extinction risk than spatial rarity

Author

Wilfahrt, Peter A., Asmus, Ashley L., Seabloom, Eric W., Henning, Jeremiah A., Adler, Peter, Arnillas, Carlos A., Bakker, Jonathan D., Biederman, Lori, Brudvig, Lars A., Cadotte, Marc, Daleo, Pedro, Eskelinen, Anu, Firn, Jennifer, Harpole, W. Stanley, Hautier, Yann, Kirkman, Kevin P., Komatsu, Kimberly J., Laungani, Ramesh, MacDougall, Andrew, McCulley, Rebecca L., Moore, Joslin L., Morgan, John W., Mortensen, Brent, Hueso, Raul Ochoa, Ohlert, Timothy, Power, Sally A., Price, Jodi, Risch, Anita C., Schuetz, Martin, Shoemaker, Lauren, Stevens, Carly, Strauss, Alexander T., Tognetti, Pedro M., Virtanen, Risto, and Borer, Elizabeth T.

Published
2021

14. Belowground Biomass Response to Nutrient Enrichment Depends on Light Limitation Across Globally Distributed Grasslands

Author

Cleland, Elsa E, Lind, Eric M, DeCrappeo, Nicole M, DeLorenze, Elizabeth, Wilkins, Rachel Abbott, Adler, Peter B, Bakker, Jonathan D, Brown, Cynthia S, Davies, Kendi F, Esch, Ellen, Firn, Jennifer, Gressard, Scott, Gruner, Daniel S, Hagenah, Nicole, Harpole, W Stanley, Hautier, Yann, Hobbie, Sarah E, Hofmockel, Kirsten S, Kirkman, Kevin, Knops, Johannes, Kopp, Christopher W, La Pierre, Kimberly J, MacDougall, Andrew, McCulley, Rebecca L, Melbourne, Brett A, Moore, Joslin L, Prober, Suzanne M, Riggs, Charlotte, Risch, Anita C, Schuetz, Martin, Stevens, Carly, Wragg, Peter D, Wright, Justin, Borer, Elizabeth T, and Seabloom, Eric W

Subjects
belowground biomass, fertilization, nitrogen, Nutrient Network, optimal allocation, phosphorus, roots, Ecology, Environmental Sciences, Biological Sciences
Published
2019

15. Leaf nutrients, not specific leaf area, are consistent indicators of elevated nutrient inputs

Author

Firn, Jennifer, McGree, James M, Harvey, Eric, Flores-Moreno, Habacuc, Schütz, Martin, Buckley, Yvonne M, Borer, Elizabeth T, Seabloom, Eric W, La Pierre, Kimberly J, MacDougall, Andrew M, Prober, Suzanne M, Stevens, Carly J, Sullivan, Lauren L, Porter, Erica, Ladouceur, Emma, Allen, Charlotte, Moromizato, Karine H, Morgan, John W, Harpole, W Stanley, Hautier, Yann, Eisenhauer, Nico, Wright, Justin P, Adler, Peter B, Arnillas, Carlos Alberto, Bakker, Jonathan D, Biederman, Lori, Broadbent, Arthur AD, Brown, Cynthia S, Bugalho, Miguel N, Caldeira, Maria C, Cleland, Elsa E, Ebeling, Anne, Fay, Philip A, Hagenah, Nicole, Kleinhesselink, Andrew R, Mitchell, Rachel, Moore, Joslin L, Nogueira, Carla, Peri, Pablo Luis, Roscher, Christiane, Smith, Melinda D, Wragg, Peter D, and Risch, Anita C

Subjects
Grassland, Magnoliopsida, Nutrients, Plant Leaves, Plant Physiological Phenomena
Abstract

Leaf traits are frequently measured in ecology to provide a 'common currency' for predicting how anthropogenic pressures impact ecosystem function. Here, we test whether leaf traits consistently respond to experimental treatments across 27 globally distributed grassland sites across 4 continents. We find that specific leaf area (leaf area per unit mass)-a commonly measured morphological trait inferring shifts between plant growth strategies-did not respond to up to four years of soil nutrient additions. Leaf nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium concentrations increased in response to the addition of each respective soil nutrient. We found few significant changes in leaf traits when vertebrate herbivores were excluded in the short-term. Leaf nitrogen and potassium concentrations were positively correlated with species turnover, suggesting that interspecific trait variation was a significant predictor of leaf nitrogen and potassium, but not of leaf phosphorus concentration. Climatic conditions and pretreatment soil nutrient levels also accounted for significant amounts of variation in the leaf traits measured. Overall, we find that leaf morphological traits, such as specific leaf area, are not appropriate indicators of plant response to anthropogenic perturbations in grasslands.

Published
2019

16. Change in functional trait diversity mediates the effects of nutrient addition on grassland stability.

Author

Chen, Qingqing, Wang, Shaopeng, Seabloom, Eric W., Isbell, Forest, Borer, Elizabeth T., Bakker, Jonathan D., Bharath, Siddharth, Roscher, Christiane, Peri, Pablo Luis, Power, Sally A., Donohue, Ian, Stevens, Carly, Ebeling, Anne, Nogueira, Carla, Caldeira, Maria C., MacDougall, Andrew S., Moore, Joslin L., Bagchi, Sumanta, Jentsch, Anke, and Tedder, Michelle

Subjects
CLIMATE extremes, PLANT diversity, SPECIES diversity, BIOMASS production, RAINFALL
Abstract

Nutrient enrichment impacts grassland plant diversity such as species richness, functional trait composition and diversity, but whether and how these changes affect ecosystem stability in the face of increasing climate extremes remains largely unknown.We quantified the direct and diversity‐mediated effects of nutrient addition (by nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) on the stability of above‐ground biomass production in 10 long‐term grassland experimental sites. We measured five facets of stability as the temporal invariability, resistance during and recovery after extreme dry and wet growing seasons.Leaf traits (leaf carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and specific leaf area) were measured under ambient and nutrient addition conditions in the field and were used to construct the leaf economic spectrum (LES). We calculated functional trait composition and diversity of LES and of single leaf traits. We quantified the contribution of intraspecific trait shifts and species replacement to change in functional trait composition as responses to nutrient addition and its implications for ecosystem stability.Nutrient addition decreased functional trait diversity and drove grassland communities to the faster end of the LES primarily through intraspecific trait shifts, suggesting that intraspecific trait shifts should be included for accurately predicting ecosystem stability. Moreover, the change in functional trait diversity of the LES in turn influenced different facets of stability. That said, these diversity‐mediated effects were overall weak and/or overwhelmed by the direct effects of nutrient addition on stability. As a result, nutrient addition did not strongly impact any of the stability facets. These results were generally consistent using individual leaf traits but the dominant pathways differed. Importantly, major influencing pathways differed using average trait values extracted from global trait databases (e.g. TRY).Synthesis. Investigating changes in multiple facets of plant diversity and their impacts on multidimensional stability under global changes such as nutrient enrichment can improve our understanding of the processes and mechanisms maintaining ecosystem stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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17. Spatial heterogeneity in species composition constrains plant community responses to herbivory and fertilisation.

Author

Hodapp, Dorothee, Borer, Elizabeth T, Harpole, W Stanley, Lind, Eric M, Seabloom, Eric W, Adler, Peter B, Alberti, Juan, Arnillas, Carlos A, Bakker, Jonathan D, Biederman, Lori, Cadotte, Marc, Cleland, Elsa E, Collins, Scott, Fay, Philip A, Firn, Jennifer, Hagenah, Nicole, Hautier, Yann, Iribarne, Oscar, Knops, Johannes MH, McCulley, Rebecca L, MacDougall, Andrew, Moore, Joslin L, Morgan, John W, Mortensen, Brent, La Pierre, Kimberly J, Risch, Anita C, Schütz, Martin, Peri, Pablo, Stevens, Carly J, Wright, Justin, and Hillebrand, Helmut

Subjects
Plants, Biodiversity, Herbivory, Beta diversity, Nutrient Network, diversity, fertilisation, grassland, nitrogen, spatial heterogeneity, species composition, temporal turnover, Ecological Applications, Ecology, Evolutionary Biology
Abstract

Environmental change can result in substantial shifts in community composition. The associated immigration and extinction events are likely constrained by the spatial distribution of species. Still, studies on environmental change typically quantify biotic responses at single spatial (time series within a single plot) or temporal (spatial beta diversity at single time points) scales, ignoring their potential interdependence. Here, we use data from a global network of grassland experiments to determine how turnover responses to two major forms of environmental change - fertilisation and herbivore loss - are affected by species pool size and spatial compositional heterogeneity. Fertilisation led to higher rates of local extinction, whereas turnover in herbivore exclusion plots was driven by species replacement. Overall, sites with more spatially heterogeneous composition showed significantly higher rates of annual turnover, independent of species pool size and treatment. Taking into account spatial biodiversity aspects will therefore improve our understanding of consequences of global and anthropogenic change on community dynamics.

Published
2018

20. Addition of multiple limiting resources reduces grassland diversity.

Author

Harpole, W Stanley, Sullivan, Lauren L, Lind, Eric M, Firn, Jennifer, Adler, Peter B, Borer, Elizabeth T, Chase, Jonathan, Fay, Philip A, Hautier, Yann, Hillebrand, Helmut, MacDougall, Andrew S, Seabloom, Eric W, Williams, Ryan, Bakker, Jonathan D, Cadotte, Marc W, Chaneton, Enrique J, Chu, Chengjin, Cleland, Elsa E, D'Antonio, Carla, Davies, Kendi F, Gruner, Daniel S, Hagenah, Nicole, Kirkman, Kevin, Knops, Johannes MH, La Pierre, Kimberly J, McCulley, Rebecca L, Moore, Joslin L, Morgan, John W, Prober, Suzanne M, Risch, Anita C, Schuetz, Martin, Stevens, Carly J, and Wragg, Peter D

Subjects
Plants, Poaceae, Fertilizers, Biodiversity, Biomass, Light, Food, Grassland, MD Multidisciplinary, General Science & Technology
Abstract

Niche dimensionality provides a general theoretical explanation for biodiversity-more niches, defined by more limiting factors, allow for more ways that species can coexist. Because plant species compete for the same set of limiting resources, theory predicts that addition of a limiting resource eliminates potential trade-offs, reducing the number of species that can coexist. Multiple nutrient limitation of plant production is common and therefore fertilization may reduce diversity by reducing the number or dimensionality of belowground limiting factors. At the same time, nutrient addition, by increasing biomass, should ultimately shift competition from belowground nutrients towards a one-dimensional competitive trade-off for light. Here we show that plant species diversity decreased when a greater number of limiting nutrients were added across 45 grassland sites from a multi-continent experimental network. The number of added nutrients predicted diversity loss, even after controlling for effects of plant biomass, and even where biomass production was not nutrient-limited. We found that elevated resource supply reduced niche dimensionality and diversity and increased both productivity and compositional turnover. Our results point to the importance of understanding dimensionality in ecological systems that are undergoing diversity loss in response to multiple global change factors.

Published
2016

21. Author Correction: General destabilizing effects of eutrophication on grassland productivity at multiple spatial scales

Author

Hautier, Yann, Zhang, Pengfei, Loreau, Michel, Wilcox, Kevin R., Seabloom, Eric W., Borer, Elizabeth T., Byrnes, Jarrett E. K., Koerner, Sally E., Komatsu, Kimberly J., Lefcheck, Jonathan S., Hector, Andy, Adler, Peter B., Alberti, Juan, Arnillas, Carlos A., Bakker, Jonathan D., Brudvig, Lars A., Bugalho, Miguel N., Cadotte, Marc, Caldeira, Maria C., Carroll, Oliver, Crawley, Mick, Collins, Scott L., Daleo, Pedro, Dee, Laura E., Eisenhauer, Nico, Eskelinen, Anu, Fay, Philip A., Gilbert, Benjamin, Hansar, Amandine, Isbell, Forest, Knops, Johannes M. H., MacDougall, Andrew S., McCulley, Rebecca L., Moore, Joslin L., Morgan, John W., Mori, Akira S., Peri, Pablo L., Pos, Edwin T., Power, Sally A., Price, Jodi N., Reich, Peter B., Risch, Anita C., Roscher, Christiane, Sankaran, Mahesh, Schütz, Martin, Smith, Melinda, Stevens, Carly, Tognetti, Pedro M., Virtanen, Risto, Wardle, Glenda M., Wilfahrt, Peter A., and Wang, Shaopeng

Published
2021
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22. Author Correction: Leaf nutrients, not specific leaf area, are consistent indicators of elevated nutrient inputs

Author

Firn, Jennifer, McGree, James M., Harvey, Eric, Flores-Moreno, Habacuc, Schütz, Martin, Buckley, Yvonne M., Borer, Elizabeth T., Seabloom, Eric W., La Pierre, Kimberly J., MacDougall, Andrew M., Prober, Suzanne M., Stevens, Carly J., Sullivan, Lauren L., Porter, Erica, Ladouceur, Emma, Allen, Charlotte, Moromizato, Karine H., Morgan, John W., Harpole, W. Stanley, Hautier, Yann, Eisenhauer, Nico, Wright, Justin P., Adler, Peter B., Arnillas, Carlos Alberto, Bakker, Jonathan D., Biederman, Lori, Broadbent, Arthur A. D., Brown, Cynthia S., Bugalho, Miguel N., Caldeira, Maria C., Cleland, Elsa E., Ebeling, Anne, Fay, Philip A., Hagenah, Nicole, Kleinhesselink, Andrew R., Mitchell, Rachel, Moore, Joslin L., Nogueira, Carla, Peri, Pablo Luis, Roscher, Christiane, Smith, Melinda D., Wragg, Peter D., and Risch, Anita C.

Published
2020
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23. Plant species' origin predicts dominance and response to nutrient enrichment and herbivores in global grasslands.

Author

Seabloom, Eric W, Borer, Elizabeth T, Buckley, Yvonne M, Cleland, Elsa E, Davies, Kendi F, Firn, Jennifer, Harpole, W Stanley, Hautier, Yann, Lind, Eric M, MacDougall, Andrew S, Orrock, John L, Prober, Suzanne M, Adler, Peter B, Anderson, T Michael, Bakker, Jonathan D, Biederman, Lori A, Blumenthal, Dana M, Brown, Cynthia S, Brudvig, Lars A, Cadotte, Marc, Chu, Chengjin, Cottingham, Kathryn L, Crawley, Michael J, Damschen, Ellen I, Dantonio, Carla M, DeCrappeo, Nicole M, Du, Guozhen, Fay, Philip A, Frater, Paul, Gruner, Daniel S, Hagenah, Nicole, Hector, Andy, Hillebrand, Helmut, Hofmockel, Kirsten S, Humphries, Hope C, Jin, Virginia L, Kay, Adam, Kirkman, Kevin P, Klein, Julia A, Knops, Johannes MH, La Pierre, Kimberly J, Ladwig, Laura, Lambrinos, John G, Li, Qi, Li, Wei, Marushia, Robin, McCulley, Rebecca L, Melbourne, Brett A, Mitchell, Charles E, Moore, Joslin L, Morgan, John, Mortensen, Brent, O'Halloran, Lydia R, Pyke, David A, Risch, Anita C, Sankaran, Mahesh, Schuetz, Martin, Simonsen, Anna, Smith, Melinda D, Stevens, Carly J, Sullivan, Lauren, Wolkovich, Elizabeth, Wragg, Peter D, Wright, Justin, and Yang, Louie

Subjects
Animals, Vertebrates, Plants, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Soil, Ecosystem, Biodiversity, Eutrophication, Food, Introduced Species, Herbivory, Grassland, MD Multidisciplinary
Abstract

Exotic species dominate many communities; however the functional significance of species' biogeographic origin remains highly contentious. This debate is fuelled in part by the lack of globally replicated, systematic data assessing the relationship between species provenance, function and response to perturbations. We examined the abundance of native and exotic plant species at 64 grasslands in 13 countries, and at a subset of the sites we experimentally tested native and exotic species responses to two fundamental drivers of invasion, mineral nutrient supplies and vertebrate herbivory. Exotic species are six times more likely to dominate communities than native species. Furthermore, while experimental nutrient addition increases the cover and richness of exotic species, nutrients decrease native diversity and cover. Native and exotic species also differ in their response to vertebrate consumer exclusion. These results suggest that species origin has functional significance, and that eutrophication will lead to increased exotic dominance in grasslands.

Published
2015

24. Grassland productivity limited by multiple nutrients.

Author

Fay, Philip A, Prober, Suzanne M, Harpole, W Stanley, Knops, Johannes MH, Bakker, Jonathan D, Borer, Elizabeth T, Lind, Eric M, MacDougall, Andrew S, Seabloom, Eric W, Wragg, Peter D, Adler, Peter B, Blumenthal, Dana M, Buckley, Yvonne M, Chu, Chengjin, Cleland, Elsa E, Collins, Scott L, Davies, Kendi F, Du, Guozhen, Feng, Xiaohui, Firn, Jennifer, Gruner, Daniel S, Hagenah, Nicole, Hautier, Yann, Heckman, Robert W, Jin, Virginia L, Kirkman, Kevin P, Klein, Julia, Ladwig, Laura M, Li, Qi, McCulley, Rebecca L, Melbourne, Brett A, Mitchell, Charles E, Moore, Joslin L, Morgan, John W, Risch, Anita C, Schütz, Martin, Stevens, Carly J, Wedin, David A, and Yang, Louie H

Subjects
Prevention, Nutrition
Abstract

Terrestrial ecosystem productivity is widely accepted to be nutrient limited(1). Although nitrogen (N) is deemed a key determinant of aboveground net primary production (ANPP)(2,3), the prevalence of co-limitation by N and phosphorus (P) is increasingly recognized(4-8). However, the extent to which terrestrial productivity is co-limited by nutrients other than N and P has remained unclear. Here, we report results from a standardized factorial nutrient addition experiment, in which we added N, P and potassium (K) combined with a selection of micronutrients (K+μ), alone or in concert, to 42 grassland sites spanning five continents, and monitored ANPP. Nutrient availability limited productivity at 31 of the 42 grassland sites. And pairwise combinations of N, P, and K+μ co-limited ANPP at 29 of the sites. Nitrogen limitation peaked in cool, high latitude sites. Our findings highlight the importance of less studied nutrients, such as K and micronutrients, for grassland productivity, and point to significant variations in the type and degree of nutrient limitation. We suggest that multiple-nutrient constraints must be considered when assessing the ecosystem-scale consequences of nutrient enrichment.

Published
2015

25. Herbivores and nutrients control grassland plant diversity via light limitation

Author

Borer, Elizabeth T, Seabloom, Eric W, Gruner, Daniel S, Harpole, W Stanley, Hillebrand, Helmut, Lind, Eric M, Adler, Peter B, Alberti, Juan, Anderson, T Michael, Bakker, Jonathan D, Biederman, Lori, Blumenthal, Dana, Brown, Cynthia S, Brudvig, Lars A, Buckley, Yvonne M, Cadotte, Marc, Chu, Chengjin, Cleland, Elsa E, Crawley, Michael J, Daleo, Pedro, Damschen, Ellen I, Davies, Kendi F, DeCrappeo, Nicole M, Du, Guozhen, Firn, Jennifer, Hautier, Yann, Heckman, Robert W, Hector, Andy, HilleRisLambers, Janneke, Iribarne, Oscar, Klein, Julia A, Knops, Johannes MH, La Pierre, Kimberly J, Leakey, Andrew DB, Li, Wei, MacDougall, Andrew S, McCulley, Rebecca L, Melbourne, Brett A, Mitchell, Charles E, Moore, Joslin L, Mortensen, Brent, O'Halloran, Lydia R, Orrock, John L, Pascual, Jesús, Prober, Suzanne M, Pyke, David A, Risch, Anita C, Schuetz, Martin, Smith, Melinda D, Stevens, Carly J, Sullivan, Lauren L, Williams, Ryan J, Wragg, Peter D, Wright, Justin P, and Yang, Louie H

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Ecology, Nutrition, Biodiversity, Climate, Eutrophication, Geography, Herbivory, Human Activities, Internationality, Light, Nitrogen, Plants, Poaceae, Time Factors, General Science & Technology
Abstract

Human alterations to nutrient cycles and herbivore communities are affecting global biodiversity dramatically. Ecological theory predicts these changes should be strongly counteractive: nutrient addition drives plant species loss through intensified competition for light, whereas herbivores prevent competitive exclusion by increasing ground-level light, particularly in productive systems. Here we use experimental data spanning a globally relevant range of conditions to test the hypothesis that herbaceous plant species losses caused by eutrophication may be offset by increased light availability due to herbivory. This experiment, replicated in 40 grasslands on 6 continents, demonstrates that nutrients and herbivores can serve as counteracting forces to control local plant diversity through light limitation, independent of site productivity, soil nitrogen, herbivore type and climate. Nutrient addition consistently reduced local diversity through light limitation, and herbivory rescued diversity at sites where it alleviated light limitation. Thus, species loss from anthropogenic eutrophication can be ameliorated in grasslands where herbivory increases ground-level light.

Published
2014

26. Root traits vary as much as leaf traits and have consistent phenotypic plasticity among 14 populations of a globally widespread herb.

Author

Dawson, Wayne, Bòdis, Judit, Bucharova, Anna, Catford, Jane A., Duncan, Richard P., Fraser, Lauchlan, Groenteman, Ronny, Kelly, Ruth, Moore, Joslin L., Pärtel, Meelis, Roach, Deborah, Villellas, Jesus, Wandrag, Elizabeth M., Finn, Alain, and Buckley, Yvonne M.

Subjects
PHENOTYPIC plasticity, VESICULAR-arbuscular mycorrhizas, HERBS, ABIOTIC environment, WATER supply, ENVIRONMENTAL sciences
Abstract

Copyright of Functional Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2024
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27. Nothing lasts forever: Dominant species decline under rapid environmental change in global grasslands

Author

Wilfahrt, Peter A., primary, Seabloom, Eric W., additional, Bakker, Jonathan D., additional, Biederman, Lori, additional, Bugalho, Miguel N., additional, Cadotte, Marc W., additional, Caldeira, Maria C., additional, Catford, Jane A., additional, Chen, Qingqing, additional, Donohue, Ian, additional, Ebeling, Anne, additional, Eisenhauer, Nico, additional, Haider, Sylvia, additional, Heckman, Robert W., additional, Jentsch, Anke, additional, Koerner, Sally E., additional, Komatsu, Kimberly J., additional, Laungani, Ramesh, additional, MacDougall, Andrew, additional, Martina, Jason P., additional, Martinson, Holly, additional, Moore, Joslin L., additional, Niu, Yujie, additional, Ohlert, Timothy, additional, Venterink, Harry Olde, additional, Orr, Devyn, additional, Peri, Pablo, additional, Pos, Edwin, additional, Price, Jodi, additional, Raynaud, Xavier, additional, Ren, Zhengwei, additional, Roscher, Christiane, additional, Smith, Nicholas G., additional, Stevens, Carly J., additional, Sullivan, Lauren L., additional, Tedder, Michelle, additional, Tognetti, Pedro M., additional, Veen, Ciska, additional, Wheeler, George, additional, Young, Alyssa L., additional, Young, Hillary, additional, and Borer, Elizabeth T., additional

Published
2023
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29. Predicting invasion in grassland ecosystems: is exotic dominance the real embarrassment of richness?

Author

Seabloom, Eric W, Borer, Elizabeth T, Buckley, Yvonne, Cleland, Elsa E, Davies, Kendi, Firn, Jennifer, Harpole, W Stanley, Hautier, Yann, Lind, Eric, MacDougall, Andrew, Orrock, John L, Prober, Suzanne M, Adler, Peter, Alberti, Juan, Anderson, T Michael, Bakker, Jonathan D, Biederman, Lori A, Blumenthal, Dana, Brown, Cynthia S, Brudvig, Lars A, Caldeira, Maria, Chu, Chengjin, Crawley, Michael J, Daleo, Pedro, Damschen, Ellen I, D'Antonio, Carla M, DeCrappeo, Nicole M, Dickman, Chris R, Du, Guozhen, Fay, Philip A, Frater, Paul, Gruner, Daniel S, Hagenah, Nicole, Hector, Andrew, Helm, Aveliina, Hillebrand, Helmut, Hofmockel, Kirsten S, Humphries, Hope C, Iribarne, Oscar, Jin, Virginia L, Kay, Adam, Kirkman, Kevin P, Klein, Julia A, Knops, Johannes MH, La Pierre, Kimberly J, Ladwig, Laura M, Lambrinos, John G, Leakey, Andrew DB, Li, Qi, Li, Wei, McCulley, Rebecca, Melbourne, Brett, Mitchell, Charles E, Moore, Joslin L, Morgan, John, Mortensen, Brent, O'Halloran, Lydia R, Pärtel, Meelis, Pascual, Jesús, Pyke, David A, Risch, Anita C, Salguero-Gómez, Roberto, Sankaran, Mahesh, Schuetz, Martin, Simonsen, Anna, Smith, Melinda, Stevens, Carly, Sullivan, Lauren, Wardle, Glenda M, Wolkovich, Elizabeth M, Wragg, Peter D, Wright, Justin, and Yang, Louie

Subjects
Poaceae, Ecosystem, Biodiversity, Introduced Species, Plant Dispersal, Biological Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Ecology
Abstract

Invasions have increased the size of regional species pools, but are typically assumed to reduce native diversity. However, global-scale tests of this assumption have been elusive because of the focus on exotic species richness, rather than relative abundance. This is problematic because low invader richness can indicate invasion resistance by the native community or, alternatively, dominance by a single exotic species. Here, we used a globally replicated study to quantify relationships between exotic richness and abundance in grass-dominated ecosystems in 13 countries on six continents, ranging from salt marshes to alpine tundra. We tested effects of human land use, native community diversity, herbivore pressure, and nutrient limitation on exotic plant dominance. Despite its widespread use, exotic richness was a poor proxy for exotic dominance at low exotic richness, because sites that contained few exotic species ranged from relatively pristine (low exotic richness and cover) to almost completely exotic-dominated ones (low exotic richness but high exotic cover). Both exotic cover and richness were predicted by native plant diversity (native grass richness) and land use (distance to cultivation). Although climate was important for predicting both exotic cover and richness, climatic factors predicting cover (precipitation variability) differed from those predicting richness (maximum temperature and mean temperature in the wettest quarter). Herbivory and nutrient limitation did not predict exotic richness or cover. Exotic dominance was greatest in areas with low native grass richness at the site- or regional-scale. Although this could reflect native grass displacement, a lack of biotic resistance is a more likely explanation, given that grasses comprise the most aggressive invaders. These findings underscore the need to move beyond richness as a surrogate for the extent of invasion, because this metric confounds monodominance with invasion resistance. Monitoring species' relative abundance will more rapidly advance our understanding of invasions.

Published
2013

30. Drivers of the microbial metabolic quotient across global grasslands

Author

Risch, Anita C., Zimmermann, Stephan, Schütz, Martin, Fay, Philip A., Borer, Elizabeth T., Broadbent, Arthur A. D., Caldeira, Maria C., Davies, Kendi F., Eisenhauer, Nico, Eskelinen, Anu, Hagedorn, Frank, Knops, Johannes M. H., Lembrechts, Jonas J., MacDougall, Andrew S., McCulley, Rebecca L., Melbourne, Brett A., Moore, Joslin L., Power, Sally A., Seabloom, Eric W., Silveira, Maria L., Virtanen, Risto, Yahdjian, Laura, and Ochoa-Hueso, Raul

Subjects
CLIMATE, Chemistry, HERBIVORE EXCLUSION, Global and Planetary Change, MICROBIAL BIOMASS CARBON, Ecology, Economics, MICROBIAL RESPIRATION, SOIL PROPERTIES, ANTHROPOGENIC MANAGEMENT, NUTRIENT ADDITION, Biology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

This dataset contains all data on which the following publication below is based. Paper Citation: Risch Anita C., Zimmermann, Stefan, Schütz, Martin, Borer, Elizabeth T., Broadbent, Arthur A.D., Caldeira, Maria C., Davies, Kendi F., Eisenhauer, Nico, Eskelinen, Anu, Fay, Philip A., Hagedorn, Frank, Knops, Johannes M.H., Lembrechts, Jonas, J., MacDougall, Andrew S., McCulley, Rebecca L., Melbourne, Brett A., Moore, Joslin L., Power, Sally A., Seabloom, Eric W., Silveira, Maria L., Virtanen, Risto, Yahdjian, Laura, Ochoa-Hueso, Raul (accepted). Drivers of the microbial metabolic quotient across global grasslands. Global Ecology and Biogeography Please cite this paper together with the citation for the datafile. The microbial metabolic quotient (MMQ; mg CO2-C mg MBC-1 h-1), defined as the amount of microbial CO2 respired (MR; mg CO2-C kg soil-1 h-1) per unit of microbial biomass C (MBC; mg C kg soil-1), is a key parameter for understanding the microbial regulation of the carbon (C) cycle, including soil C sequestration. Here, we experimentally tested hypotheses about the individual and interactive effects of multiple nutrient addition (NPK+micronutrients) and herbivore exclusion on MR, MBC, and MMQ across 23 sites (5 continents). Our sites encompassed a wide range of edaphoclimatic conditions, thus we assessed which edaphoclimatic variables affected MMQ the most and how they interacted with our treatments. Soils were collected in plots with established experimental treatments. MR was assessed in a five-week laboratory incubation without glucose addition, MBC via substrate-induced respiration. MMQ was calculated as MR/MBC and corrected for soil temperatures (MMQsoil). Using LMMs and SEMs, we analysed how edaphoclimatic characteristics and treatments interactively affected MMQsoil. MMQsoil was higher in locations with higher mean annual temperature, lower water holding capacity, and soil organic C concentration, but did not respond to our treatments across sites as neither MR nor MBC changed. We attributed this relative homeostasis to our treatments to the modulating influence of edaphoclimatic variables. For example, herbivore exclusion, regardless of fertilization, led to greater MMQsoil only at sites with lower soil organic C (-1.7%). Our results pinpoint the main variables related to MMQsoil across grasslands and emphasize the importance of the local edaphoclimatic conditions in controlling the response of the C cycle to anthropogenic stressors. By testing hypotheses about MMQsoil across global edaphoclimatic gradients, this work also helps to align the conflicting results of prior studies.

Published
2023

31. General destabilizing effects of eutrophication on grassland productivity at multiple spatial scales

Author

Hautier, Yann, Zhang, Pengfei, Loreau, Michel, Wilcox, Kevin R., Seabloom, Eric W., Borer, Elizabeth T., Byrnes, Jarrett E. K., Koerner, Sally E., Komatsu, Kimberly J., Lefcheck, Jonathan S., Hector, Andy, Adler, Peter B., Alberti, Juan, Arnillas, Carlos A., Bakker, Jonathan D., Brudvig, Lars A., Bugalho, Miguel N., Cadotte, Marc, Caldeira, Maria C., Carroll, Oliver, Crawley, Mick, Collins, Scott L., Daleo, Pedro, Dee, Laura E., Eisenhauer, Nico, Eskelinen, Anu, Fay, Philip A., Gilbert, Benjamin, Hansar, Amandine, Isbell, Forest, Knops, Johannes M. H., MacDougall, Andrew S., McCulley, Rebecca L., Moore, Joslin L., Morgan, John W., Mori, Akira S., Peri, Pablo L., Pos, Edwin T., Power, Sally A., Price, Jodi N., Reich, Peter B., Risch, Anita C., Roscher, Christiane, Sankaran, Mahesh, Schütz, Martin, Smith, Melinda, Stevens, Carly, Tognetti, Pedro M., Virtanen, Risto, Wardle, Glenda M., Wilfahrt, Peter A., and Wang, Shaopeng

Published
2020
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33. Out of the shadows : multiple nutrient limitations drive relationships among biomass, light and plant diversity

Author

Harpole, W. Stanley, Sullivan, Lauren L., Lind, Eric M., Firn, Jennifer, Adler, Peter B., Borer, Elizabeth T., Chase, Jonathan, Fay, Philip A., Hautier, Yann, Hillebrand, Helmut, MacDougall, Andrew S., Seabloom, Eric W., Bakker, Jonathan D., Cadotte, Marc W., Chaneton, Enrique J., Chu, Chengjin, Hagenah, Nicole, Kirkman, Kevin, La Pierre, Kimberly J., Moore, Joslin L., Morgan, John W., Prober, Suzanne M., Risch, Anita C., Schuetz, Martin, and Stevens, Carly J.

Published
2017

37. Conservation Conflicts across Africa

Author

Balmford, Andrew, Moore, Joslin L., Brooks, Thomas, Burgess, Neil, Hansen, Louis A., Williams, Paul, and Rahbek, Carsten

Published
2001

39. Compositional variation in grassland plant communities

Author

Bakker, Jonathan d., Price, Jodi n., Henning, Jeremiah a., Batzer, Evan e., Ohlert, Timothy j., Wainwright, Claire e., Adler, Peter b., Alberti, Juan, Arnillas, Carlos alberto, Biederman, Lori a., Borer, Elizabeth t., Brudvig, Lars a., Buckley, Yvonne m., Bugalho, Miguel n., Cadotte, Marc w., Caldeira, Maria c., Catford, Jane a., Chen, Qingqing, Crawley, Michael j., Daleo, Pedro, Dickman, Chris r., Donohue, Ian, Dupre, Mary ellyn, Ebeling, Anne, Eisenhauer, Nico, Fay, Philip a., Gruner, Daniel s., Haider, Sylvia, Hautier, Yann, Jentsch, Anke, Kirkman, Kevin, Knops, Johannes m. h., Lannes, Lucíola s., Macdougall, Andrew s., Mcculley, Rebecca l., Mitchell, Rachel m., Moore, Joslin l., Morgan, John w., Mortensen, Brent, Olde venterink, Harry, Peri, Pablo l., Power, Sally a., Prober, Suzanne m., Roscher, Christiane, Sankaran, Mahesh, Seabloom, Eric w., Smith, Melinda d., Stevens, Carly, Sullivan, Lauren l., Tedder, Michelle, Veen, G. f. (ciska), Virtanen, Risto, Wardle, Glenda m., Bakker, Jonathan d., Price, Jodi n., Henning, Jeremiah a., Batzer, Evan e., Ohlert, Timothy j., Wainwright, Claire e., Adler, Peter b., Alberti, Juan, Arnillas, Carlos alberto, Biederman, Lori a., Borer, Elizabeth t., Brudvig, Lars a., Buckley, Yvonne m., Bugalho, Miguel n., Cadotte, Marc w., Caldeira, Maria c., Catford, Jane a., Chen, Qingqing, Crawley, Michael j., Daleo, Pedro, Dickman, Chris r., Donohue, Ian, Dupre, Mary ellyn, Ebeling, Anne, Eisenhauer, Nico, Fay, Philip a., Gruner, Daniel s., Haider, Sylvia, Hautier, Yann, Jentsch, Anke, Kirkman, Kevin, Knops, Johannes m. h., Lannes, Lucíola s., Macdougall, Andrew s., Mcculley, Rebecca l., Mitchell, Rachel m., Moore, Joslin l., Morgan, John w., Mortensen, Brent, Olde venterink, Harry, Peri, Pablo l., Power, Sally a., Prober, Suzanne m., Roscher, Christiane, Sankaran, Mahesh, Seabloom, Eric w., Smith, Melinda d., Stevens, Carly, Sullivan, Lauren l., Tedder, Michelle, Veen, G. f. (ciska), Virtanen, Risto, and Wardle, Glenda m.

Abstract

Human activities are altering ecological communities around the globe. Understanding the implications of these changes requires that we consider the composition of those communities. However, composition can be summarized by many metrics which in turn are influenced by different ecological processes. For example, incidence-based metrics strongly reflect species gains or losses, while abundance-based metrics are minimally affected by changes in the abundance of small or uncommon species. Furthermore, metrics might be correlated with different predictors. We used a globally distributed experiment to examine variation in species composition within 60 grasslands on six continents. Each site had an identical experimental and sampling design: 24 plots × 4 years. We expressed compositional variation within each site—not across sites—using abundance- and incidence-based metrics of the magnitude of dissimilarity (Bray–Curtis and Sorensen, respectively), abundance- and incidence-based measures of the relative importance of replacement (balanced variation and species turnover, respectively), and species richness at two scales (per plot-year [alpha] and per site [gamma]). Average compositional variation among all plot-years at a site was high and similar to spatial variation among plots in the pretreatment year, but lower among years in untreated plots. For both types of metrics, most variation was due to replacement rather than nestedness. Differences among sites in overall within-site compositional variation were related to several predictors. Environmental heterogeneity (expressed as the CV of total aboveground plant biomass in unfertilized plots of the site) was an important predictor for most metrics. Biomass production was a predictor of species turnover and of alpha diversity but not of other metrics. Continentality (measured as annual temperature range) was a strong predictor of Sorensen dissimilarity. Metrics of compositional variation are moderately correlated: knowin

Published
2023

40. Publisher Correction: Clarifying the effect of biodiversity on productivity in natural ecosystems with longitudinal data and methods for causal inference (Nature Communications, (2023), 14, 1, (2607), 10.1038/s41467-023-37194-5)

Author

Dee, Laura E, Ferraro, Paul J, Severen, Christopher N, Kimmel, Kaitlin A, Borer, Elizabeth T, Byrnes, Jarrett E K, Clark, Adam Thomas, Hautier, Yann, Hector, Andrew, Raynaud, Xavier, Reich, Peter B, Wright, Alexandra J, Arnillas, Carlos A, Davies, Kendi F, MacDougall, Andrew, Mori, Akira S, Smith, Melinda D, Adler, Peter B, Bakker, Jonathan D, Brauman, Kate A, Cowles, Jane, Komatsu, Kimberly, Knops, Johannes M H, McCulley, Rebecca L, Moore, Joslin L, Morgan, John W, Ohlert, Timothy, Power, Sally A, Sullivan, Lauren L, Stevens, Carly, Loreau, Michel, Dee, Laura E, Ferraro, Paul J, Severen, Christopher N, Kimmel, Kaitlin A, Borer, Elizabeth T, Byrnes, Jarrett E K, Clark, Adam Thomas, Hautier, Yann, Hector, Andrew, Raynaud, Xavier, Reich, Peter B, Wright, Alexandra J, Arnillas, Carlos A, Davies, Kendi F, MacDougall, Andrew, Mori, Akira S, Smith, Melinda D, Adler, Peter B, Bakker, Jonathan D, Brauman, Kate A, Cowles, Jane, Komatsu, Kimberly, Knops, Johannes M H, McCulley, Rebecca L, Moore, Joslin L, Morgan, John W, Ohlert, Timothy, Power, Sally A, Sullivan, Lauren L, Stevens, Carly, and Loreau, Michel

Abstract

The original version of this Article contained errors in the Methods section ‘Target causal effect’, in which terms were omitted from the mathematical definitions of the causal effect and average causal effect. These sentences incorrectly read “The causal effect of a change in richness from R′ to R″ on productivity P in plot i is defined as [(R″) − (R′)], where Pi(R″) is the potential productivity outcome when R = R″ and P(R′) is the potential productivity outcome when R = R′ (R′ ≠ R″).” and “The average causal effect of a change in biodiversity from R′ to R″ across all plots is [(R″) − P(R′)], where E[·] is the expectation operator.”. The correct version states “[Pi(R′′) − Pi(R′)]” in place of “[(R″) − (R′)]”, “Pi (R′)” in place of “P (R′)”, and “E[Pi(R′′) − Pi(R′)]” in place of “[(R″) − P(R′)]”. This has been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.

Published
2023

41. Clarifying the effect of biodiversity on productivity in natural ecosystems with longitudinal data and methods for causal inference

Author

Dee, Laura E, Ferraro, Paul J, Severen, Christopher N, Kimmel, Kaitlin A, Borer, Elizabeth T, Byrnes, Jarrett E K, Clark, Adam Thomas, Hautier, Yann, Hector, Andrew, Raynaud, Xavier, Reich, Peter B, Wright, Alexandra J, Arnillas, Carlos A, Davies, Kendi F, MacDougall, Andrew, Mori, Akira S, Smith, Melinda D, Adler, Peter B, Bakker, Jonathan D, Brauman, Kate A, Cowles, Jane, Komatsu, Kimberly, Knops, Johannes M H, McCulley, Rebecca L, Moore, Joslin L, Morgan, John W, Ohlert, Timothy, Power, Sally A, Sullivan, Lauren L, Stevens, Carly, Loreau, Michel, Dee, Laura E, Ferraro, Paul J, Severen, Christopher N, Kimmel, Kaitlin A, Borer, Elizabeth T, Byrnes, Jarrett E K, Clark, Adam Thomas, Hautier, Yann, Hector, Andrew, Raynaud, Xavier, Reich, Peter B, Wright, Alexandra J, Arnillas, Carlos A, Davies, Kendi F, MacDougall, Andrew, Mori, Akira S, Smith, Melinda D, Adler, Peter B, Bakker, Jonathan D, Brauman, Kate A, Cowles, Jane, Komatsu, Kimberly, Knops, Johannes M H, McCulley, Rebecca L, Moore, Joslin L, Morgan, John W, Ohlert, Timothy, Power, Sally A, Sullivan, Lauren L, Stevens, Carly, and Loreau, Michel

Abstract

Causal effects of biodiversity on ecosystem functions can be estimated using experimental or observational designs - designs that pose a tradeoff between drawing credible causal inferences from correlations and drawing generalizable inferences. Here, we develop a design that reduces this tradeoff and revisits the question of how plant species diversity affects productivity. Our design leverages longitudinal data from 43 grasslands in 11 countries and approaches borrowed from fields outside of ecology to draw causal inferences from observational data. Contrary to many prior studies, we estimate that increases in plot-level species richness caused productivity to decline: a 10% increase in richness decreased productivity by 2.4%, 95% CI [-4.1, -0.74]. This contradiction stems from two sources. First, prior observational studies incompletely control for confounding factors. Second, most experiments plant fewer rare and non-native species than exist in nature. Although increases in native, dominant species increased productivity, increases in rare and non-native species decreased productivity, making the average effect negative in our study. By reducing the tradeoff between experimental and observational designs, our study demonstrates how observational studies can complement prior ecological experiments and inform future ones.

Published
2023

42. Long-term N-addition alters the community structure of functionally important N-cycling soil microorganisms across global grasslands

Author

Frey, Beat, Moser, Barbara, Tytgat, Bjorn, Zimmermann, Stephan, Alberti, Juan, Biederman, Lori A., Borer, Elizabeth T., Broadbent, Arthur A.D., Caldeira, Maria C., Davies, Kendi F., Eisenhauer, Nico, Eskelinen, Anu, Fay, Philip A., Hagedorn, Frank, Hautier, Yann, MacDougall, Andrew S., McCulley, Rebecca L., Moore, Joslin L., Nepel, Maximilian, Power, Sally A., Seabloom, Eric W., Vázquez, Eduardo, Virtanen, Risto, Yahdjian, Laura, Risch, Anita C., Frey, Beat, Moser, Barbara, Tytgat, Bjorn, Zimmermann, Stephan, Alberti, Juan, Biederman, Lori A., Borer, Elizabeth T., Broadbent, Arthur A.D., Caldeira, Maria C., Davies, Kendi F., Eisenhauer, Nico, Eskelinen, Anu, Fay, Philip A., Hagedorn, Frank, Hautier, Yann, MacDougall, Andrew S., McCulley, Rebecca L., Moore, Joslin L., Nepel, Maximilian, Power, Sally A., Seabloom, Eric W., Vázquez, Eduardo, Virtanen, Risto, Yahdjian, Laura, and Risch, Anita C.

Abstract

Anthropogenic nitrogen (N) input is known to alter the soil microbiome, but how N enrichment influences the abundance, alpha-diversity and community structure of N-cycling functional microbial communities in grasslands remains poorly understood. Here, we collected soils from plant communities subjected to up to 9 years of annual N-addition (10 g N m−2 per year using urea as a N-source) and from unfertilized plots (control) in 30 grasslands worldwide spanning a large range of climatic and soil conditions. We focused on three key microbial groups responsible for two essential processes of the global N cycle: N2 fixation (soil diazotrophs) and nitrification (AOA: ammonia-oxidizing archaea and AOB: ammonia-oxidizing bacteria). We targeted soil diazotrophs, AOA and AOB using Illumina MiSeq sequencing and measured the abundance (gene copy numbers) using quantitative PCR. N-addition shifted the structure of the diazotrophic communities, although their alpha-diversity and abundance were not affected. AOA and AOB responded differently to N-addition. The abundance and alpha-diversity of AOB increased, and their community structure shifted with N-addition. In contrast, AOA were not affected by N-addition. AOA abundance outnumbered AOB in control plots under conditions of low N availability, whereas N-addition favoured copiotrophic AOB. Overall, N-addition showed a low impact on soil diazotrophs and AOA while effects for AOB communities were considerable. These results reveal that long-term N-addition has important ecological implications for key microbial groups involved in two critical soil N-cycling processes. Increased AOB abundance and community shifts following N-addition may change soil N-cycling, as larger population sizes may promote higher rates of ammonia oxidation and subsequently increase N loss via gaseous and soil N-leaching. These findings bring us a step closer to predicting the responses and feedbacks of microbial-mediated N-cycling pr

Published
2023

43. Nutrient addition drives declines in grassland species richness primarily via enhanced species loss

Author

Muehleisen, Andrew J., Watkins, Carmen R.E., Altmire, Gabriella R., Shaw, E. Ashley, Case, Madelon F., Aoyama, Lina, Brambila, Alejandro, Reed, Paul B., LaForgia, Marina, Borer, Elizabeth T., Seabloom, Eric W., Bakker, Jonathan D., Amillas, Carlos Alberto, Biederman, Lori, Chen, Qingqing, Cleland, Elsa E., Fay, Philip A., Hagenah, Nicole, Harpole, Stan, Hautier, Yann, Henning, Jeremiah A., Knops, Johannes M.H., Komatsu, Kimberly J., Ladouceur, Emma, MacDougall, Andrew, McCulley, Rebecca L., Moore, Joslin L., Ohlert, Tim, Power, Sally A., Stevens, Carly J., Wilfahrt, Peter, Hallett, Lauren M., Muehleisen, Andrew J., Watkins, Carmen R.E., Altmire, Gabriella R., Shaw, E. Ashley, Case, Madelon F., Aoyama, Lina, Brambila, Alejandro, Reed, Paul B., LaForgia, Marina, Borer, Elizabeth T., Seabloom, Eric W., Bakker, Jonathan D., Amillas, Carlos Alberto, Biederman, Lori, Chen, Qingqing, Cleland, Elsa E., Fay, Philip A., Hagenah, Nicole, Harpole, Stan, Hautier, Yann, Henning, Jeremiah A., Knops, Johannes M.H., Komatsu, Kimberly J., Ladouceur, Emma, MacDougall, Andrew, McCulley, Rebecca L., Moore, Joslin L., Ohlert, Tim, Power, Sally A., Stevens, Carly J., Wilfahrt, Peter, and Hallett, Lauren M.

Abstract

Declines in grassland diversity in response to nutrient addition are a general consequence of global change. This decline in species richness may be driven by multiple underlying processes operating at different time-scales. Nutrient addition can reduce diversity by enhancing the rate of local extinction via competitive exclusion, or by reducing the rate of colonization by constraining the pool of species able to colonize under new conditions. Partitioning net change into extinction and colonization rates will better delineate the long-term effect of global change in grasslands. We synthesized changes in richness in response to experimental fertilization with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium with micronutrients across 30 grasslands. We quantified changes in local richness, colonization, and extinction over 8–10 years of nutrient addition, and compared these rates against control conditions to isolate the effect of nutrient addition from background dynamics. Total richness at steady state in the control plots was the sum of equal, relatively high rates of local colonization and extinction. On aggregate, 30%–35% of initial species were lost and the same proportion of new species were gained at least once over a decade. Absolute turnover increased with site-level richness but was proportionately greater at lower-richness sites relative to starting richness. Loss of total richness with nutrient addition, especially N in combination with P or K, was driven by enhanced rates of extinction with a smaller contribution from reduced colonization. Enhanced extinction and reduced colonization were disproportionately among native species, perennials, and forbs. Reduced colonization plateaued after the first few (<5) years after nutrient addition, while enhanced extinction continued throughout the first decade. Synthesis. Our results indicate a high rate of colonizations and extinctions underlying the richness of ambient communities and that nutrient enhancement drives ov

Published
2023

44. Clarifying the effect of biodiversity on productivity in natural ecosystems with longitudinal data and methods for causal inference

Author

Sub Ecology and Biodiversity, Ecology and Biodiversity, Dee, Laura E, Ferraro, Paul J, Severen, Christopher N, Kimmel, Kaitlin A, Borer, Elizabeth T, Byrnes, Jarrett E K, Clark, Adam Thomas, Hautier, Yann, Hector, Andrew, Raynaud, Xavier, Reich, Peter B, Wright, Alexandra J, Arnillas, Carlos A, Davies, Kendi F, MacDougall, Andrew, Mori, Akira S, Smith, Melinda D, Adler, Peter B, Bakker, Jonathan D, Brauman, Kate A, Cowles, Jane, Komatsu, Kimberly, Knops, Johannes M H, McCulley, Rebecca L, Moore, Joslin L, Morgan, John W, Ohlert, Timothy, Power, Sally A, Sullivan, Lauren L, Stevens, Carly, Loreau, Michel, Sub Ecology and Biodiversity, Ecology and Biodiversity, Dee, Laura E, Ferraro, Paul J, Severen, Christopher N, Kimmel, Kaitlin A, Borer, Elizabeth T, Byrnes, Jarrett E K, Clark, Adam Thomas, Hautier, Yann, Hector, Andrew, Raynaud, Xavier, Reich, Peter B, Wright, Alexandra J, Arnillas, Carlos A, Davies, Kendi F, MacDougall, Andrew, Mori, Akira S, Smith, Melinda D, Adler, Peter B, Bakker, Jonathan D, Brauman, Kate A, Cowles, Jane, Komatsu, Kimberly, Knops, Johannes M H, McCulley, Rebecca L, Moore, Joslin L, Morgan, John W, Ohlert, Timothy, Power, Sally A, Sullivan, Lauren L, Stevens, Carly, and Loreau, Michel

Published
2023

45. Environmental heterogeneity modulates the effect of plant diversity on the spatial variability of grassland biomass

Author

Sub Ecology and Biodiversity, Ecology and Biodiversity, Daleo, Pedro, Alberti, Juan, Chaneton, Enrique J, Iribarne, Oscar, Tognetti, Pedro M, Bakker, Jonathan D, Borer, Elizabeth T, Bruschetti, Martín, MacDougall, Andrew S, Pascual, Jesús, Sankaran, Mahesh, Seabloom, Eric W, Wang, Shaopeng, Bagchi, Sumanta, Brudvig, Lars A, Catford, Jane A, Dickman, Chris R, Dickson, Timothy L, Donohue, Ian, Eisenhauer, Nico, Gruner, Daniel S, Haider, Sylvia, Jentsch, Anke, Knops, Johannes M H, Lekberg, Ylva, McCulley, Rebecca L, Moore, Joslin L, Mortensen, Brent, Ohlert, Timothy, Pärtel, Meelis, Peri, Pablo L, Power, Sally A, Risch, Anita C, Rocca, Camila, Smith, Nicholas G, Stevens, Carly, Tamme, Riin, Veen, G F Ciska, Wilfahrt, Peter A, Hautier, Yann, Sub Ecology and Biodiversity, Ecology and Biodiversity, Daleo, Pedro, Alberti, Juan, Chaneton, Enrique J, Iribarne, Oscar, Tognetti, Pedro M, Bakker, Jonathan D, Borer, Elizabeth T, Bruschetti, Martín, MacDougall, Andrew S, Pascual, Jesús, Sankaran, Mahesh, Seabloom, Eric W, Wang, Shaopeng, Bagchi, Sumanta, Brudvig, Lars A, Catford, Jane A, Dickman, Chris R, Dickson, Timothy L, Donohue, Ian, Eisenhauer, Nico, Gruner, Daniel S, Haider, Sylvia, Jentsch, Anke, Knops, Johannes M H, Lekberg, Ylva, McCulley, Rebecca L, Moore, Joslin L, Mortensen, Brent, Ohlert, Timothy, Pärtel, Meelis, Peri, Pablo L, Power, Sally A, Risch, Anita C, Rocca, Camila, Smith, Nicholas G, Stevens, Carly, Tamme, Riin, Veen, G F Ciska, Wilfahrt, Peter A, and Hautier, Yann

Published
2023

46. Nutrient addition drives declines in grassland species richness primarily via enhanced species loss

Author

Sub Ecology and Biodiversity, Ecology and Biodiversity, Muehleisen, Andrew J., Watkins, Carmen R.E., Altmire, Gabriella R., Shaw, E. Ashley, Case, Madelon F., Aoyama, Lina, Brambila, Alejandro, Reed, Paul B., LaForgia, Marina, Borer, Elizabeth T., Seabloom, Eric W., Bakker, Jonathan D., Amillas, Carlos Alberto, Biederman, Lori, Chen, Qingqing, Cleland, Elsa E., Fay, Philip A., Hagenah, Nicole, Harpole, Stan, Hautier, Yann, Henning, Jeremiah A., Knops, Johannes M.H., Komatsu, Kimberly J., Ladouceur, Emma, MacDougall, Andrew, McCulley, Rebecca L., Moore, Joslin L., Ohlert, Tim, Power, Sally A., Stevens, Carly J., Wilfahrt, Peter, Hallett, Lauren M., Sub Ecology and Biodiversity, Ecology and Biodiversity, Muehleisen, Andrew J., Watkins, Carmen R.E., Altmire, Gabriella R., Shaw, E. Ashley, Case, Madelon F., Aoyama, Lina, Brambila, Alejandro, Reed, Paul B., LaForgia, Marina, Borer, Elizabeth T., Seabloom, Eric W., Bakker, Jonathan D., Amillas, Carlos Alberto, Biederman, Lori, Chen, Qingqing, Cleland, Elsa E., Fay, Philip A., Hagenah, Nicole, Harpole, Stan, Hautier, Yann, Henning, Jeremiah A., Knops, Johannes M.H., Komatsu, Kimberly J., Ladouceur, Emma, MacDougall, Andrew, McCulley, Rebecca L., Moore, Joslin L., Ohlert, Tim, Power, Sally A., Stevens, Carly J., Wilfahrt, Peter, and Hallett, Lauren M.

Published
2023

47. Long-term N-addition alters the community structure of functionally important N-cycling soil microorganisms across global grasslands

Author

Sub Ecology and Biodiversity, Ecology and Biodiversity, Frey, Beat, Moser, Barbara, Tytgat, Bjorn, Zimmermann, Stephan, Alberti, Juan, Biederman, Lori A., Borer, Elizabeth T., Broadbent, Arthur A.D., Caldeira, Maria C., Davies, Kendi F., Eisenhauer, Nico, Eskelinen, Anu, Fay, Philip A., Hagedorn, Frank, Hautier, Yann, MacDougall, Andrew S., McCulley, Rebecca L., Moore, Joslin L., Nepel, Maximilian, Power, Sally A., Seabloom, Eric W., Vázquez, Eduardo, Virtanen, Risto, Yahdjian, Laura, Risch, Anita C., Sub Ecology and Biodiversity, Ecology and Biodiversity, Frey, Beat, Moser, Barbara, Tytgat, Bjorn, Zimmermann, Stephan, Alberti, Juan, Biederman, Lori A., Borer, Elizabeth T., Broadbent, Arthur A.D., Caldeira, Maria C., Davies, Kendi F., Eisenhauer, Nico, Eskelinen, Anu, Fay, Philip A., Hagedorn, Frank, Hautier, Yann, MacDougall, Andrew S., McCulley, Rebecca L., Moore, Joslin L., Nepel, Maximilian, Power, Sally A., Seabloom, Eric W., Vázquez, Eduardo, Virtanen, Risto, Yahdjian, Laura, and Risch, Anita C.

Published
2023

48. Compositional variation in grassland plant communities

Author

Sub Ecology and Biodiversity, Ecology and Biodiversity, Bakker, Jonathan d., Price, Jodi n., Henning, Jeremiah a., Batzer, Evan e., Ohlert, Timothy j., Wainwright, Claire e., Adler, Peter b., Alberti, Juan, Arnillas, Carlos alberto, Biederman, Lori a., Borer, Elizabeth t., Brudvig, Lars a., Buckley, Yvonne m., Bugalho, Miguel n., Cadotte, Marc w., Caldeira, Maria c., Catford, Jane a., Chen, Qingqing, Crawley, Michael j., Daleo, Pedro, Dickman, Chris r., Donohue, Ian, Dupre, Mary ellyn, Ebeling, Anne, Eisenhauer, Nico, Fay, Philip a., Gruner, Daniel s., Haider, Sylvia, Hautier, Yann, Jentsch, Anke, Kirkman, Kevin, Knops, Johannes m. h., Lannes, Lucíola s., Macdougall, Andrew s., Mcculley, Rebecca l., Mitchell, Rachel m., Moore, Joslin l., Morgan, John w., Mortensen, Brent, Olde venterink, Harry, Peri, Pablo l., Power, Sally a., Prober, Suzanne m., Roscher, Christiane, Sankaran, Mahesh, Seabloom, Eric w., Smith, Melinda d., Stevens, Carly, Sullivan, Lauren l., Tedder, Michelle, Veen, G. f. (ciska), Virtanen, Risto, Wardle, Glenda m., Sub Ecology and Biodiversity, Ecology and Biodiversity, Bakker, Jonathan d., Price, Jodi n., Henning, Jeremiah a., Batzer, Evan e., Ohlert, Timothy j., Wainwright, Claire e., Adler, Peter b., Alberti, Juan, Arnillas, Carlos alberto, Biederman, Lori a., Borer, Elizabeth t., Brudvig, Lars a., Buckley, Yvonne m., Bugalho, Miguel n., Cadotte, Marc w., Caldeira, Maria c., Catford, Jane a., Chen, Qingqing, Crawley, Michael j., Daleo, Pedro, Dickman, Chris r., Donohue, Ian, Dupre, Mary ellyn, Ebeling, Anne, Eisenhauer, Nico, Fay, Philip a., Gruner, Daniel s., Haider, Sylvia, Hautier, Yann, Jentsch, Anke, Kirkman, Kevin, Knops, Johannes m. h., Lannes, Lucíola s., Macdougall, Andrew s., Mcculley, Rebecca l., Mitchell, Rachel m., Moore, Joslin l., Morgan, John w., Mortensen, Brent, Olde venterink, Harry, Peri, Pablo l., Power, Sally a., Prober, Suzanne m., Roscher, Christiane, Sankaran, Mahesh, Seabloom, Eric w., Smith, Melinda d., Stevens, Carly, Sullivan, Lauren l., Tedder, Michelle, Veen, G. f. (ciska), Virtanen, Risto, and Wardle, Glenda m.

Published
2023

49. Drivers of soil microbial and detritivore activity across global grasslands

Author

Sub Ecology and Biodiversity, Ecology and Biodiversity, Siebert, Julia, Sünnemann, Marie, Hautier, Yann, Risch, Anita C, Bakker, Jonathan D, Biederman, Lori, Blumenthal, Dana M, Borer, Elizabeth T, Bugalho, Miguel N, Broadbent, Arthur A D, Caldeira, Maria C, Cleland, Elsa, Davies, Kendi F, Eskelinen, Anu, Hagenah, Nicole, Knops, Johannes M H, MacDougall, Andrew S, McCulley, Rebecca L, Moore, Joslin L, Power, Sally A, Price, Jodi N, Seabloom, Eric W, Standish, Rachel, Stevens, Carly J, Zimmermann, Stephan, Eisenhauer, Nico, Sub Ecology and Biodiversity, Ecology and Biodiversity, Siebert, Julia, Sünnemann, Marie, Hautier, Yann, Risch, Anita C, Bakker, Jonathan D, Biederman, Lori, Blumenthal, Dana M, Borer, Elizabeth T, Bugalho, Miguel N, Broadbent, Arthur A D, Caldeira, Maria C, Cleland, Elsa, Davies, Kendi F, Eskelinen, Anu, Hagenah, Nicole, Knops, Johannes M H, MacDougall, Andrew S, McCulley, Rebecca L, Moore, Joslin L, Power, Sally A, Price, Jodi N, Seabloom, Eric W, Standish, Rachel, Stevens, Carly J, Zimmermann, Stephan, and Eisenhauer, Nico

Published
2023

50. Nothing lasts forever:Dominant species decline under rapid environmental change in global grasslands

Author

Wilfahrt, Peter A., Seabloom, Eric W., Bakker, Jonathan D., Biederman, Lori, Bugalho, Miguel N., Cadotte, Marc W., Caldeira, Maria C., Catford, Jane A., Chen, Qingqing, Donohue, Ian, Ebeling, Anne, Eisenhauer, Nico, Haider, Sylvia, Heckman, Robert W., Jentsch, Anke, Koerner, Sally E., Komatsu, Kimberly J., Laungani, Ramesh, MacDougall, Andrew, Martina, Jason P., Martinson, Holly, Moore, Joslin L., Niu, Yujie, Ohlert, Timothy, Venterink, Harry Olde, Orr, Devyn, Peri, Pablo, Pos, Edwin, Price, Jodi, Raynaud, Xavier, Ren, Zhengwei, Roscher, Christiane, Smith, Nicholas G., Stevens, Carly J., Sullivan, Lauren L., Tedder, Michelle, Tognetti, Pedro M., Veen, Ciska, Wheeler, George, Young, Alyssa L., Young, Hillary, Borer, Elizabeth T., Wilfahrt, Peter A., Seabloom, Eric W., Bakker, Jonathan D., Biederman, Lori, Bugalho, Miguel N., Cadotte, Marc W., Caldeira, Maria C., Catford, Jane A., Chen, Qingqing, Donohue, Ian, Ebeling, Anne, Eisenhauer, Nico, Haider, Sylvia, Heckman, Robert W., Jentsch, Anke, Koerner, Sally E., Komatsu, Kimberly J., Laungani, Ramesh, MacDougall, Andrew, Martina, Jason P., Martinson, Holly, Moore, Joslin L., Niu, Yujie, Ohlert, Timothy, Venterink, Harry Olde, Orr, Devyn, Peri, Pablo, Pos, Edwin, Price, Jodi, Raynaud, Xavier, Ren, Zhengwei, Roscher, Christiane, Smith, Nicholas G., Stevens, Carly J., Sullivan, Lauren L., Tedder, Michelle, Tognetti, Pedro M., Veen, Ciska, Wheeler, George, Young, Alyssa L., Young, Hillary, and Borer, Elizabeth T.

Abstract

Dominance often indicates one or a few species being best suited for resource capture and retention in a given environment. Press perturbations that change availability of limiting resources can restructure competitive hierarchies, allowing new species to capture or retain resources and leaving once dominant species fated to decline. However, dominant species may maintain high abundances even when their new environments no longer favour them due to stochastic processes associated with their high abundance, impeding deterministic processes that would otherwise diminish them. Here, we quantify the persistence of dominance by tracking the rate of decline in dominant species at 90 globally distributed grassland sites under experimentally elevated soil nutrient supply and reduced vertebrate consumer pressure. We found that chronic experimental nutrient addition and vertebrate exclusion caused certain subsets of species to lose dominance more quickly than in control plots. In control plots, perennial species and species with high initial cover maintained dominance for longer than annual species and those with low initial cover respectively. In fertilized plots, species with high initial cover maintained dominance at similar rates to control plots, while those with lower initial cover lost dominance even faster than similar species in controls. High initial cover increased the estimated time to dominance loss more strongly in plots with vertebrate exclosures than in controls. Vertebrate exclosures caused a slight decrease in the persistence of dominance for perennials, while fertilization brought perennials' rate of dominance loss in line with those of annuals. Annual species lost dominance at similar rates regardless of treatments. Synthesis. Collectively, these results point to a strong role of a species' historical abundance in maintaining dominance following environmental perturbations. Because dominant species play an outsized role in driving ecosystem processes, thei

Published
2023

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