377 results on '"Moore, Andrew J."'
Search Results
2. In risk we trust? Making decisions about knee replacement
- Author
-
Birchley, Giles, Bertram, Wendy, Moore, Andrew J., Huxtable, Richard, Howells, Nicholas, Chivers, Zoe, Johnson, Emma, Wylde, Vikki, Jones, Leah, Timlin, Tony, and Gooberman-Hill, Rachael
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Rehabilitation for revision total knee replacement: survey of current service provision and systematic review
- Author
-
Omar, Ifrah, Kunutsor, Setor K., Bertram, Wendy, Moore, Andrew J., Blom, Ashley W., Lenguerrand, Erik, Whitehouse, Michael R., and Wylde, Vikki
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Into the Unknown: Examining Neural Representations of Parent–Adolescent Interactions
- Author
-
Ratliff, Erin L, Kerr, Kara L, Misaki, Masaya, Cosgrove, Kelly T, Moore, Andrew J, DeVille, Danielle C, Silk, Jennifer S, Barch, Deanna M, Tapert, Susan F, Simmons, W Kyle, Bodurka, Jerzy, and Morris, Amanda Sheffield
- Subjects
Neurosciences ,Mental Health ,Basic Behavioral and Social Science ,Pediatric ,Behavioral and Social Science ,Clinical Research ,Mind and Body ,Pediatric Research Initiative ,1.2 Psychological and socioeconomic processes ,Underpinning research ,Neurological ,Mental health ,Adolescent ,Adolescent Behavior ,Emotions ,Female ,Humans ,Male ,Parent-Child Relations ,Parenting ,Parents ,Psychology ,Adolescent ,Psychology ,Cognitive Sciences ,Developmental & Child Psychology - Abstract
The parent-adolescent relationship is important for adolescents' emotion regulation (ER), yet little is known regarding the neural patterns of dyadic ER that occur during parent-adolescent interactions. A novel measure that can be used to examine such patterns is cross-brain connectivity (CBC)-concurrent and time-lagged connectivity between two individuals' brain regions. This study sought to provide evidence of CBC and explore associations between CBC, parenting, and adolescent internalizing symptoms. Thirty-five adolescents (mean age = 15 years, 69% female, 72% Non-Hispanic White, 17% Black, 11% Hispanic or Latino) and one biological parent (94% female) completed an fMRI hyperscanning conflict discussion task. Results revealed CBC between emotion-related brain regions. Exploratory analyses indicated CBC is associated with parenting and adolescent depressive symptoms.
- Published
- 2021
5. Corrigendum to “Always on my mind: Cross-brain associations of mental health symptoms during simultaneous parent-child scanning” [Dev. Cognit. Neurosci. 40 (December) (2019) 100729]
- Author
-
Cosgrove, Kelly T, Kerr, Kara L, Aupperle, Robin L, Ratliff, Erin L, DeVille, Danielle C, Silk, Jennifer S, Burrows, Kaiping, Moore, Andrew J, Antonacci, Chase, Misaki, Masaya, Tapert, Susan F, Bodurka, Jerzy, Simmons, W Kyle, and Morris, Amanda Sheffield
- Subjects
Cognitive and Computational Psychology ,Psychology ,Good Health and Well Being ,Clinical Sciences ,Neurosciences ,Cognitive Sciences ,Biological psychology ,Clinical and health psychology - Abstract
The authors regret that the article was published with the incorrect grant number listed for the funding source. The correct Centers of Biomedical Research Excellence grant number is P20GM109097 (PD: Jennifer Hays-Grudo; funded by the National Institutes of Health). The authors apologize for any inconvenience caused.
- Published
- 2020
6. TEAMwork: Testing Emotional Attunement and Mutuality During Parent-Adolescent fMRI
- Author
-
Kerr, Kara L, Cosgrove, Kelly T, Ratliff, Erin L, Burrows, Kaiping, Misaki, Masaya, Moore, Andrew J, DeVille, Danielle C, Silk, Jennifer S, Tapert, Susan F, Bodurka, Jerzy, Simmons, W Kyle, and Morris, Amanda Sheffield
- Subjects
Biological Psychology ,Psychology ,Basic Behavioral and Social Science ,Pediatric ,Clinical Research ,Behavioral and Social Science ,Neurosciences ,Underpinning research ,1.2 Psychological and socioeconomic processes ,Mental health ,fMRI ,ventromedial prefrontal cortex ,adolescence ,parenting ,emotion regulation ,Cognitive Sciences ,Experimental Psychology ,Biological psychology ,Cognitive and computational psychology - Abstract
The parent-child relationship and family context influence the development of emotion regulation (ER) brain circuitry and related skills in children and adolescents. Although both parents' and children's ER neurocircuitry simultaneously affect how they interact with one another, neuroimaging studies of parent-child relationships typically include only one member of the dyad in brain imaging procedures. The current study examined brain activation related to parenting and ER in parent-adolescent dyads during concurrent fMRI scanning with a novel task - the Testing Emotional Attunement and Mutuality (TEAM) task. The TEAM task includes feedback trials indicating the other dyad member made an error, resulting in a monetary loss for both participants. Results indicate that positive parenting practices as reported by the adolescent were positively correlated with parents' hemodynamic activation of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, a region related to empathy, during these error trials. Additionally, during feedback conditions both parents and adolescents exhibited fMRI activation in ER-related regions, including the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, anterior insula, fusiform gyrus, thalamus, caudate, precuneus, and superior parietal lobule. Adolescents had higher left amygdala activation than parents during the feedback condition. These findings demonstrate the utility of dyadic fMRI scanning for investigating relational processes, particularly in the parent-child relationship.
- Published
- 2020
7. Always on my mind: Cross-brain associations of mental health symptoms during simultaneous parent-child scanning
- Author
-
Cosgrove, Kelly T, Kerr, Kara L, Aupperle, Robin L, Ratliff, Erin L, DeVille, Danielle C, Silk, Jennifer S, Burrows, Kaiping, Moore, Andrew J, Antonacci, Chase, Misaki, Masaya, Tapert, Susan F, Bodurka, Jerzy, Simmons, W Kyle, and Morris, Amanda Sheffield
- Subjects
Biological Psychology ,Clinical and Health Psychology ,Psychology ,Clinical Research ,Behavioral and Social Science ,Mental Health ,Neurosciences ,Depression ,Mind and Body ,Basic Behavioral and Social Science ,Anxiety Disorders ,Pediatric ,Brain Disorders ,2.3 Psychological ,social and economic factors ,Aetiology ,Mental health ,Good Health and Well Being ,Adolescent ,Adult ,Anxiety ,Brain ,Child ,Female ,Humans ,Male ,Parent-Child Relations ,fMRI ,Parent-child interactions ,Error processing ,Adolescence ,Clinical Sciences ,Cognitive Sciences ,Biological psychology ,Clinical and health psychology - Abstract
How parents manifest symptoms of anxiety or depression may affect how children learn to modulate their own distress, thereby influencing the children's risk for developing an anxiety or mood disorder. Conversely, children's mental health symptoms may impact parents' experiences of negative emotions. Therefore, mental health symptoms can have bidirectional effects in parent-child relationships, particularly during moments of distress or frustration (e.g., when a parent or child makes a costly mistake). The present study used simultaneous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of parent-adolescent dyads to examine how brain activity when responding to each other's costly errors (i.e., dyadic error processing) may be associated with symptoms of anxiety and depression. While undergoing simultaneous fMRI scans, healthy dyads completed a task involving feigned errors that indicated their family member made a costly mistake. Inter-brain, random-effects multivariate modeling revealed that parents who exhibited decreased medial prefrontal cortex and posterior cingulate cortex activation when viewing their child's costly error response had children with more symptoms of depression and anxiety. Adolescents with increased anterior insula activation when viewing a costly error made by their parent had more anxious parents. These results reveal cross-brain associations between mental health symptomatology and brain activity during parent-child dyadic error processing.
- Published
- 2019
8. Better post-operative prediction and management of chronic pain in adults after total knee replacement: the multidisciplinary STAR research programme including RCT
- Author
-
Gooberman-Hill Rachael, Wylde Vikki, Bertram Wendy, Moore Andrew J, Pinedo-Villanueva Rafael, Sanderson Emily, Dennis Jane, Harris Shaun, Judge Andrew, Noble Sian, Beswick Andrew D, Burston Amanda, Peters Tim J, Bruce Julie, Eccleston Christopher, Long Stewart, Walsh David, Howells Nicholas, White Simon, Price Andrew, Arden Nigel, Toms Andrew, McCabe Candida, and Blom Ashley W
- Subjects
knee replacement ,osteoarthritis ,chronic post-surgical pain ,intervention development ,randomised controlled trial ,cost-effectiveness ,qualitative research ,systematic review ,national joint registry ,clinical practice research datalink ,hospital episodes statistics ,patient reported outcomes ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Background The treatment of osteoarthritis with knee replacement aims to reduce pain and disability. However, some people experience chronic pain. Objectives To improve outcomes for people with chronic pain after knee replacement by identifying post-surgical predictors and effective interventions, characterising patient pathways and resource use, developing and evaluating a new care pathway, and exploring non-use of services. Design The programme comprised systematic reviews, national database analyses, a cohort study, intervention development, a randomised controlled trial, health economic analyses, qualitative studies and stakeholder engagement. Extensive and meaningful patient and public involvement underpinned all studies. Setting NHS, secondary care, primary care. Participants People with, or at risk of, chronic pain after knee replacement and health-care professionals involved in the care of people with pain. Interventions A care pathway for the management of people with pain at 3 months after knee replacement. Main outcome measures Patient-reported outcomes and cost-effectiveness over 12 months. Data sources Literature databases, the National Joint Registry, Hospital Episode Statistics, patient-reported outcomes, the Clinical Practice Research Datalink, the Clinical Outcomes in Arthroplasty Study, the Support and Treatment After joint Replacement randomised trial, interviews with 90 patients and 14 health-care professionals, and stakeholder events. Review methods Systematic reviews of cohort studies or randomised trials, using meta-analysis or narrative synthesis. Results In the Clinical Outcomes in Arthroplasty Study cohort, 14% of people experienced chronic pain 1 year after knee replacement. By 5 years, 65% reported no pain, 31% fluctuated and 4% remained in chronic pain. People with chronic pain had a worse quality of life, higher primary care costs, and more frequent analgesia prescriptions, particularly for opioids, than those not in chronic pain. People with chronic pain after knee replacement who made little or no use of services often felt nothing more could be done, or that further treatments may have no benefit or cause harm. People described a feeling of disconnection from their replaced knee. Analysis of UK databases identified risk factors for chronic pain after knee replacement. Pre-operative predictors were mild knee pain, smoking, deprivation, body mass index between 35 and 40 kg/m2 and knee arthroscopy. Peri- and post-operative predictors were mechanical complications, infection, readmission, revision, extended hospital stay, manipulation under anaesthetic and use of opioids or antidepressants. In systematic reviews, pre-operative exercise and education showed no benefit in relation to chronic pain. Peri-operative interventions that merit further research were identified. Common peri-operative treatments were not associated with chronic pain. There was no strong evidence favouring specific post-operative physiotherapy content. We evaluated the Support and Treatment After joint Replacement care pathway in a multicentre randomised controlled trial. We randomised 363 people with pain at 3 months after knee replacement from eight NHS Trusts in England and Wales. At 12 months’ follow-up, the intervention group had lower mean pain severity (adjusted difference –0.65, 95% confidence interval –1.17 to -0.13; p = 0.014) and pain interference (adjusted difference –0.68, 95% confidence interval –1.29 to -0.08; p = 0.026), as measured on the Brief Pain Inventory subscales (scale 0–10). People receiving the Support and Treatment After joint Replacement pathway had lower NHS and Personal Social Services costs (–£724, 95% confidence interval –£150 to £51) and higher quality-adjusted life-years (0.03, 95% confidence interval –0.008 to 0.06) than those with usual care. The Support and Treatment After joint Replacement pathway was cost-effective with an incremental net monetary benefit at the £20,000 per quality-adjusted life-year threshold of £1256 (95% confidence interval £164 to £2348), indicating a 98.79% probability that the intervention is the cost-effective option. Participants found the Support and Treatment After joint Replacement pathway acceptable, with opportunities to receive information and discuss concerns while ensuring further treatment and support. In systematic reviews considering treatments for chronic pain after surgery we identified some unifactorial interventions that merit further research after knee replacement. Health-care professionals delivering and implementing the Support and Treatment After joint Replacement pathway valued its focus on neuropathic pain and psychosocial issues, enhanced patient care, formalised referrals, and improved pain management. Stakeholders supported pathway implementation. Limitations Database analyses were limited to factors recorded in data sets. Pain was only measured 6 months after surgery. However, analyses including large numbers of centres and patients should be generalisable across the NHS. In many studies found in systematic reviews, long-term pain was not a key outcome. Conclusions The Support and Treatment After joint Replacement pathway is a clinically effective and cost-effective, acceptable intervention for the management of chronic pain after knee replacement. Unifactorial interventions merit further study before inclusion in patient care. People with pain should be empowered to seek health care, with the support of health-care professionals. Future work Future work should include research relating to the implementation of the Support and Treatment After joint Replacement pathway into the NHS, an assessment of its long-term clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness and wider application, and an evaluation of new interventions for incorporation in the pathway. It will also be important to design and conduct research to improve communication between patients and health-care professionals before surgery; explore whether or not education and support can enable earlier recognition of chronic pain; consider research that may identify how to support people’s feelings of disconnectedness from their new knee; and design and evaluate a pre-surgical intervention based on risk factors. Study registration All systematic reviews were registered on PROSPERO (CRD42015015957, CRD42016041374 and CRD42017041382). The Support and Treatment After joint Replacement randomised trial was registered as ISRCTN92545361. Funding This project was funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Programme Grants for Applied Research programme and will be published in full in Programme Grants for Applied Research; Vol. 11, No. 3. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information. Plain language summary People with severe knee osteoarthritis may have knee replacement surgery to reduce pain and disability. Although highly successful for many people, some people report long-term pain. Our research looked at why some people are more likely to have long-term pain, its personal and economic consequences, and how to prevent and treat it. We reviewed previous research; analysed UK health-care databases; interviewed and met with patients, surgeons and health-care professionals; and developed and evaluated a new care pathway for patients with pain after knee replacement. We found that about one in seven people experience significant pain 6 months after knee replacement. For many, pain fluctuates over time. Some people with long-term pain feel that nothing more can be done to help and that further treatments may even cause harm. Changes to aspects of patient health and care merit further research as they may prevent the development of long-term pain. The Support and Treatment After joint Replacement pathway comprises a detailed assessment by a trained health-care professional; referral to appropriate services, such as an orthopaedic surgeon, physiotherapist, general practitioner for treatment of depression or anxiety, or pain specialist; and telephone follow-up. A total of 363 people with pain at 3 months after their knee replacement were randomly allocated to receive either the Support and Treatment After joint Replacement pathway or their hospital’s usual care. Participants were followed for 1 year to assess their long-term pain. We also looked at health-care costs and the acceptability of the Support and Treatment After joint Replacement pathway to patients and health-care professionals. This research was supported by a dedicated patient advisory group. For people with pain after knee replacement, the Support and Treatment After joint Replacement pathway leads to reduced long-term pain severity and reduced interference with everyday life, and is acceptable to patients and health-care professionals. NHS, personal social services and patient costs were lower in the group receiving the Support and Treatment After joint Replacement pathway. Scientific summary Background Chronic pain after total knee replacement places considerable burden on individuals, society and the NHS. With nearly 100,000 patients receiving knee replacements in the NHS annually, around 20,000 patients will have chronic post-surgical pain. Pre-operative prediction of who will have chronic pain after knee replacement is of limited value, referral for assessment and care is inconsistent and varies widely, and people do not necessarily receive or seek care. This programme aimed to address these issues and provide evidence on improvements to patient care and service delivery. Objectives The programme aimed to improve outcomes for patients with chronic pain ≥ 3 months after total knee replacement. Specific programme objectives were as follows: 1.synthesise evidence on the effectiveness of interventions for preventing chronic pain after knee replacement and the treatment of chronic pain after diverse surgeries, and identify post-surgical predictors of chronic pain after knee replacement 2.characterise the long-term trajectory of chronic pain, including pain characteristics and resource use up to 5 years after total knee replacement 3.finalise an assessment process and a care pathway for patients with chronic pain after total knee replacement 4.evaluate the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a new care pathway for patients with chronic pain after total knee replacement 5.identify reasons for non-use of services 6.make evidence-based suggestions about the best-practice care for patients with chronic pain after total knee replacement and evaluate the implementation of these. Methods To meet the objectives, we conducted six work packages. Work package 1: systematic reviews and analysis of national databases Systematic reviews of the following were carried out: post-surgical predictors of chronic pain after total knee replacement; the effectiveness of pre-, peri- and post-operative interventions for chronic pain after total knee replacement; and the effectiveness of interventions for chronic pain after diverse surgeries. In addition, we undertook an analysis of data from the National Joint Registry (NJR) linked to Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) and Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) databases to identify post-operative predictors of chronic pain. Work package 2: long-term follow-up and analysis of databases Using the annual follow-up of the Clinical Outcomes in Arthroplasty Study (COASt) cohort of patients with total knee replacement, we were able to collect pain and resource use data for 5 years after surgery. We also analysed the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD), linked to the Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) and Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) database, to characterise the natural history of chronic pain after total knee replacement, including resource use. Work package 3: finalisation of an assessment protocol and care pathway Consensus questionnaires completed by and meetings with health-care professionals were used to refine our previously developed intervention. We also tested intervention delivery and acceptability with 10 patients and evaluated the views of 10 health-care professional stakeholders on future implementation using a questionnaire based on the Normalisation Measure Development (NoMAD) instrument. Work package 4: randomised controlled trial The multicentre Support and Treatment After joint Replacement (STAR) randomised controlled trial was carried out with 363 participants to evaluate the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a new care pathway for patients with chronic pain after total knee replacement. The primary follow-up time point was 12 months post randomisation and the coprimary outcomes were the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) severity and interference scales (scored 0–10), with the minimal clinically important difference pre-specified as 1 point on either scale. Two embedded qualitative studies with 56 patients explored trial processes and acceptability of the intervention. Work package 5: qualitative study We undertook a qualitative interview study with 34 people with chronic pain after total knee replacement who made little or no use of formal health-care services and explored reasons for non-use of services. Work package 6: implementation and dissemination Interviews, based on the NoMAD instrument, were carried out with 14 health-care professionals who implemented the intervention within the trial. An online meeting, short animated film and survey were all used to communicate findings to key stakeholders and engage health-care professionals in maximising the embedding of the intervention in practice. A range of dissemination activities to engage health-care professionals, researchers, policy-makers, patients and the public were undertaken. Patient and public involvement Patient and public involvement was integral to the programme’s design and remained at its core during the programme. We worked with an existing patient forum and developed a complementary group focusing exclusively on chronic pain after total knee replacement. Contributions of this group included the design of study materials and processes, research management and dissemination strategies. Results Work package 1: systematic reviews Our systematic review of post-operative risk factors for chronic pain after total knee replacement included 14 studies published up to October 2016, with data from 1168 people. Studies focused on acute pain, function and psychological factors. Risk factor measures and outcomes were heterogeneous. In a narrative synthesis we were unable to draw firm conclusions on potential interventions. The need for further prospective studies in representative populations was clear. Research published up to December 2018 into pre-operative interventions mainly focused on exercise and education. In the eight trials, with a total of 960 people randomised, there was no association with these interventions and long-term pain outcomes. In the peri-operative setting, we identified 44 trials published up to February 2018, with a range of 10 to 280 people randomised. Unifactorial interventions including some forms of analgesia, early rehabilitation, electrical muscle stimulation and anabolic steroids were associated with improved long-term pain outcomes. However, studies were small and merit further evaluation. There was reassurance that some common peri-operative treatments are not associated with chronic pain. Post-operative interventions evaluated in 17 trials published up to November 2016, with a total of 2485 people randomised, mainly focused on physiotherapy. There was no strong evidence favouring one format of therapy over another. There has been little research into treatments for chronic pain after total knee replacement. Considering interventions for general chronic post-surgical pain, we identified 66 randomised trials with a total of 3149 participants in our systematic review with searches up to March 2016. A more focused updated search including treatments for chronic pain after arthroplasty of the large joints was conducted in October 2020. Many unifactorial interventions have been evaluated, and specific nerve-focused treatments deserve further research. Work packages 1 and 2: analysis of national databases We undertook two analyses of linked databases to identify pre-, peri- and post-operative risk factors for chronic pain outcome. In the first analysis with NJR and HES data, the pre- and 6-month-post-operative Oxford Knee Scores (OKS) was available for 258,386 patients, 43,702 (16.9%) of whom were identified as having chronic pain at 6 months post surgery. Post-surgical predictors of chronic pain were mechanical complication of prosthesis, surgical site infection, readmission, reoperation, revision and an extended hospital stay. However, these post-surgical predictors explained only a limited amount of variability in chronic pain outcome. In the second analysis, we analysed primary care data from CPRD and secondary care data from the HES–PROMs database and included 4570 patients. At 6 months after surgery, 10.4% of patients were classified as non-responders to surgery regarding their knee pain. Expressing the effects as absolute risk differences allowed us to quantify the relative importance of individual risk factors in terms of the absolute proportions of patients achieving poor pain outcomes. Pre-operative risk factors were having only mild knee pain symptoms, currently smoking, living in the most deprived areas, having a body mass index between 35 and 40 kg/m2 and having had previous knee arthroscopy surgery. Post-operative risk factors were revision surgery and manipulation under anaesthetic within 3 months after the operation, and use of opioids and antidepressants within 3 months after surgery. Work package 2: long-term follow-up of COASt cohort and analysis of national databases We characterised the long-term trajectory of chronic pain, including pain characteristics and resource use, through the 5-year follow-up of the COASt cohort of 1581 patients with total knee replacement, and analysis of the linked CPRD and HES databases. We applied cluster analysis to data on 128,145 patients with primary total knee replacement included in the English PROMs programme to derive a cut-off point on the pain subscale of the OKS. A high-pain group was identified, defined as those with a score of ≤ 14 points on the OKS pain subscale 6 months after total knee replacement. About one in eight people experienced chronic pain 1 year after total knee replacement. Of these patients with chronic pain after surgery, after imputing significant missing data assumed to be missing at random, 65% experienced no-chronic-pain by year 5, 31% fluctuated and 4% remained in chronic pain. People with chronic pain in year 1 had worse quality of life to start with; this improved, but less rapidly than for those not in chronic pain. People with chronic pain reported slightly higher primary care consultation costs than those not in chronic pain but their prescriptions for analgesia were much more frequent, more costly to the health-care system and continued to grow even after surgery, especially prescriptions for opioids. Work package 3: finalisation of an assessment protocol and care pathway We refined and finalised the novel STAR care pathway and associated training materials. The STAR care pathway involves a clinic appointment for patients who have troublesome pain at 3 months after surgery. A specially trained extended scope practitioner (ESP) conducts a clinic assessment with the patient, comprising history, examination, radiography and questionnaire completion. Based on this assessment, which focuses on understanding the reasons for and impact of the pain, the patient is referred to the appropriate existing services for treatment, such as a surgeon, general practitioner (GP) or specialist, or receives ongoing monitoring. The ESP follows up with patients by telephone for up to 12 months. Work package 4: randomised controlled trial In a multicentre pragmatic, open randomised controlled trial, we evaluated the STAR care pathway. We screened 5036 people, randomised 363 patients with pain at 3 months after knee replacement from eight NHS Trusts in England and Wales and collected 12-month outcomes from 313 (85%) randomised participants. The sample had a mean age of 67 years, was 60% female and 94% white. Our analysis of clinical effectiveness indicated that at 12 months the intervention arm had lower mean pain severity and lower mean pain interference than the usual care arm. For pain interference at 12 months, the adjusted difference in means was –0.68 points on the Brief Pain Inventory pain interference scale [95% CI –1.29, –0.08; p = 0.026]. For pain severity at 12 months, the adjusted difference in means was –0.65 points on the Brief Pain Inventory pain severity scale [95% CI –1.17, –0.13; p = 0.014]. Our analysis of cost-effectiveness indicated that people receiving the STAR pathway from an NHS and personal social services perspective had lower costs (–£724, 95% CI -£1500 to £51) and more quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) (0.03, 95% CI –0.008 to 0.06) than those receiving usual care. The STAR pathway was the cost-effective option: the incremental net monetary benefit at the £20,000-per-QALY threshold was £1256 (95% CI £164 to £2348). This was also the case from a patient perspective. Embedded qualitative research found that patients thought that the STAR pathway was acceptable, and patients described how it provided an opportunity for them to discuss their concerns and to receive more information about their condition while ensuring they received further treatment and ongoing support. Work package 5: qualitative study In semistructured interviews with 34 people, we found that people with chronic pain after total knee replacement who made little or no use of services did so because they became stuck in a cycle of appraisal of the validity of their need for help and concern that treatment may not be of benefit. Some were concerned that further treatment may even worsen their pain or cause further harm. When describing chronic post-surgical pain, some participants described sensations of discomfort including heaviness, numbness, pressure and tightness associated with the prosthesis, and some also reported a lack of felt connection with their knee as their movement was no longer natural and required deliberate attention, and that they had a lack of confidence in it. Work package 6: implementation and dissemination We found that health-care professionals involved in the delivery and implementation of the STAR care pathway valued its focus on the identification of neuropathic pain and psychosocial issues, enhanced patient care, formalisation and validation of referral practices and an increased knowledge of pain management. Stakeholders supported formal implementation of the STAR pathway. Whether or not this would be supported by hospital management was felt to be dependent on whether or not it was shown to be cost-effective. Conclusions: implications for health care After knee replacement, screening for pain with the OKS pain subscale beginning at 2 months after surgery can facilitate the delivery of targeted care from 3 months. Our findings indicate that the STAR care pathway can provide improved care and outcomes for people who have pain after knee replacement. To our knowledge, the STAR care pathway is the first multifactorial intervention for the treatment of post-surgical pain to have been evaluated in a randomised controlled trial. In database analyses and systematic reviews, we identified risk factors for and univariable interventions to prevent or treat chronic pain. After further research these may provide additional components to the care pathway. Our work also indicates that people with pain could be empowered to seek health care and that health-care professionals can be encouraged provide support. This could include information for people living with chronic pain to inform them that health care may provide benefit and that seeking care is not futile. Informing patients of the likely outcomes after surgery may be a key part of pre- and post-surgical care. Recommendations for research We recommend that further research addresses the following points, numbered in descending order of priority: 1.How to implement the STAR care pathway into the NHS. 2.How to improve communication between patients and professionals before surgery. 3.Whether or not patient education and supportive care can enable earlier recognition of chronic pain. 4.The STAR care pathway showed benefit to patients for both pain and interference at 6 and 12 months. Further follow-up would describe the longer-term outcomes of this intervention and the health-care resources utilised by participants. 5.How to reshape the STAR pathway for other surgeries. 6.The STAR programme focused on care after surgery. Future research could make use of the recently developing evidence base about the time before surgery as an opportunity for intervention. Specifically, we now have a greater understanding of risk factors for poor outcome and using this understanding to design and evaluate pre-surgical intervention may prove of long-term benefit to patients and health-care systems. 7.How to better manage patient’s feelings of disconnectedness from the new knee and sensations of otherness to improve incorporation of the prosthesis. 8.Promising interventions, identified in systematic reviews and suggested by our risk factor studies, should be evaluated in appropriately powered high-quality randomised controlled trials. 9.New interventions with evidence of effectiveness in the treatment of chronic pain after knee replacement should be considered as new components of multifaceted personalised care as delivered in the STAR intervention. Study registration All systematic reviews were registered on PROSPERO (CRD42015015957, CRD42016041374 and CRD42017041382). The STAR randomised trial was registered as ISRCTN92545361. Funding This project was funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Programme Grants for Applied Research programme and will be published in full in Programme Grants for Applied Research; Vol. 11, No. 3. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Research priorities for intra-articular corticosteroid injections for osteoarthritis: A Delphi study
- Author
-
Wylde, Vikki, Moore, Andrew J., Anderson, Edith, Donovan, Richard, Blom, Ashley W., Judge, Andrew, and Whitehouse, Michael R.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Effects of Parent Emotion Socialization on the Neurobiology Underlying Adolescent Emotion Processing: A Multimethod fMRI Study
- Author
-
Cosgrove, Kelly T., Kerr, Kara L., Ratliff, Erin L., Moore, Andrew J., Misaki, Masaya, DeVille, Danielle C., Aupperle, Robin L., Simmons, W. Kyle, Bodurka, Jerzy, and Morris, Amanda Sheffield
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. The STAR care pathway for patients with pain at 3 months after total knee replacement: a multicentre, pragmatic, randomised, controlled trial
- Author
-
Burston, Amanda, Dennis, Jane, Dieppe, Paul, Burston, Benjamin, Desai, Vikram, Board, Tim, Esler, Colin, Parry, Michael, Phillips, Jonathan R.A., Wylde, Vikki, Bertram, Wendy, Sanderson, Emily, Noble, Sian, Howells, Nicholas, Peters, Tim J, Beswick, Andrew D, Blom, Ashley W, Moore, Andrew J, Bruce, Julie, Walsh, David A, Eccleston, Christopher, Harris, Shaun, Garfield, Kirsty, White, Simon, Toms, Andrew, and Gooberman-Hill, Rachael
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Non-destructive thickness measurement of thermal barrier coatings using terahertz radiation
- Author
-
Isern, Luis, Waddie, Andrew J., Chalk, Christine, Moore, Andrew J., and Nicholls, John R.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Investigation of an interlaced laser beam scanning method for ultrashort pulse laser micromachining applications
- Author
-
Wlodarczyk, Krystian L., Schille, Joerg, Naumann, Lucas, Lopes, Amiel A., Bitharas, Ioannis, Bidare, Prveen, Dondieu, Stephen D., Blair, Paul, Loeschner, Udo, Moore, Andrew J., Mercedes Maroto-Valer, M., and Hand, Duncan P.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Therapeutic alliance facilitates adherence to physiotherapy-led exercise and physical activity for older adults with knee pain: a longitudinal qualitative study
- Author
-
Moore, Andrew J, Holden, Melanie A, Foster, Nadine E, and Jinks, Clare
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. The Shape of Weaver: Investigating Shape Disparity in Orb-Weaving Spiders (Araneae, Araneidae) Using Geometric Morphometrics
- Author
-
Kallal, Robert J., Moore, Andrew J., and Hormiga, Gustavo
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Perspectives on lung visualization: Three‐dimensional anatomical modeling of computed and micro‐computed tomographic data in comparative evolutionary morphology and medicine with applications for COVID‐19
- Author
-
Schachner, Emma R., primary, Lawson, Adam B., additional, Martinez, Aracely, additional, Grand Pre, Clinton A., additional, Sabottke, Carl, additional, Abou‐Issa, Farid, additional, Echols, Scott, additional, Diaz, Raul E., additional, Moore, Andrew J., additional, Grenier, John‐Paul, additional, Hedrick, Brandon P., additional, and Spieler, Bradley, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Temperature Measurement of a Synthetic Jet Produced by a Helmholtz Cavity
- Author
-
Blanco M., Alan D., Barrientos G., Bernardino, Moore, Andrew J., Mares C., Carlos, Martínez-García, Amalia, editor, Furlong, Cosme, editor, Barrientos, Bernardino, editor, and Pryputniewicz, Ryszard J., editor
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. The Case for Welfare Biology
- Author
-
Soryl, Asher A., Moore, Andrew J., Seddon, Philip J., and King, Mike R.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Perceived occurrence of an adverse event affects patient-reported outcomes after total hip replacement
- Author
-
Carpenter, Charlotte V. E., Wylde, Vikki, Moore, Andrew J., Sayers, Adrian, Blom, Ashley W., and Whitehouse, Michael R.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Development of evidence-based guidelines for the treatment and management of periprosthetic hip infection
- Author
-
Moore, Andrew J., primary, Wylde, Vikki, additional, Whitehouse, Michael R., additional, Beswick, Andrew D., additional, Walsh, Nicola E., additional, Jameson, Catherine, additional, and Blom, Ashley W., additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Strain protection in the commercial mushroom Agaricus bisporus
- Author
-
Moore, Andrew J.
- Subjects
610.28 ,Bioengineering & biomedical engineering - Published
- 1997
22. Thickness Measurement with Multi-wavelength THz Interferometry
- Author
-
Nguyen, Thi-Dinh, Valera, J. D., Moore, Andrew J., and Osten, Wolfgang, editor
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Positional Accuracy of Optical Vortex Metrology (OVM)
- Author
-
Beyer, Vivien, Wang, Wei, Moore, Andrew J., and Osten, Wolfgang, editor
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Strain analysis using ESPI applied to fracture mechanics
- Author
-
Moore, Andrew J.
- Subjects
621.37 ,Electrometry & electronic test equipment - Abstract
Electronic speckle pattern interferometry (ESPI) has become an established technique for surface deformation studies. However, difficulties remain in the practical use of ESPI, primarily because results require skilled and time-consuming interpretation. The work reported here has enabled automated acquisition and processing of ESPI displacement data. Further processing has enabled the components of surface strain and stress to be, determined automatically. Such measurements are of great importance for experimental fracture mechanics studies, a quantitative approach to measuring the severity of defects in a loaded structure. Having established the importance of experimental optical methods in fracture mechanics, and the particular advantages of ESPI, a study has been undertaken to determine whether ESPI can be used for quantitative fracture mechanics measurements. Automated analysis for in-plane displacement measurements with ESPI was achieved by the phase-stepping technique. Numerical differentiation of the displacement data allowed surface strain to be evaluated. The accuracy of such measurements was investigated, particularly with regard to speckle noise inherent in the data. Speckle noise limits the accuracy of all measurements, and a practical threshold for displacement and strain of ±0.03~m and ±6~strain was found. From these considerations, two new phase-stepping algorithms have been proposed for ESPI. The first offers improved accuracy by the way it eliminates speckle noise; the second has allowed phase-stepping of ESPI addition fringes for the first time. · In the past ESPI has been restricted to uniaxial measurements. A new interferometer design enabled displacement to be measured along two axes simultaneously: extension to three-dimensional sensitivity is discussed. Automated displacement and strain measurements, recorded with the dual-sensitivity interferometer, are presented for a cantilever loaded at its free end.
- Published
- 1993
25. Re-assessment of the Late Jurassic eusauropod Mamenchisaurus sinocanadorum Russell and Zheng, 1993, and the evolution of exceptionally long necks in mamenchisaurids
- Author
-
Moore, Andrew J., primary, Barrett, Paul M., additional, Upchurch, Paul, additional, Liao, Chun-Chi, additional, Ye, Yong, additional, Hao, Baoqiao, additional, and Xu, Xing, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Adaption and implementation of a shared decision making tool from one health context to another: a mixed methods study (Preprint)
- Author
-
Turnbull, Sophie, primary, Walsh, Nicola E, additional, and Moore, Andrew J, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Adaptation and implementation of a shared decision-making tool from one health context to another: a partnership approach using mixed methods (Preprint)
- Author
-
Turnbull, Sophie, primary, Walsh, Nicola E, additional, and Moore, Andrew J, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Infection after total joint replacement of the hip and knee: research programme including the INFORM RCT
- Author
-
Blom, Ashley W, primary, Beswick, Andrew D, additional, Burston, Amanda, additional, Carroll, Fran E, additional, Garfield, Kirsty, additional, Gooberman-Hill, Rachael, additional, Harris, Shaun, additional, Kunutsor, Setor K, additional, Lane, Athene, additional, Lenguerrand, Erik, additional, MacGowan, Alasdair, additional, Mallon, Charlotte, additional, Moore, Andrew J, additional, Noble, Sian, additional, Palmer, Cecily K, additional, Rolfson, Ola, additional, Strange, Simon, additional, and Whitehouse, Michael R, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Additional file 1 of Rehabilitation for revision total knee replacement: survey of current service provision and systematic review
- Author
-
Omar, Ifrah, Kunutsor, Setor K., Bertram, Wendy, Moore, Andrew J., Blom, Ashley W., Lenguerrand, Erik, Whitehouse, Michael R., and Wylde, Vikki
- Abstract
Additional file 1.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Bounding Methods for Heterogeneous Lidar-derived Navigational Geofences
- Author
-
Moore, Andrew J, Schubert, Matthew, Fang, Terry, Smith, Joshua, and Rymer, Nicholas
- Subjects
Aircraft Design, Testing And Performance - Abstract
Safe Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) operations near the ground require navigation methods that avoid fixed obstacles such as buildings, power lines and trees. Aerial lidar surveys of ground structures are available with the precision and accuracy to geolocate obstacles, but the high volume of raw survey data can exceed the compute power of onboard processors and the rendering ability of ground-based flight planning maps. Representing ground structures with bounding polyhedra instead of point clouds greatly reduces the data size and can enable effective obstacle avoidance, as long as the bounding geometry envelopes the structures with high spatial fidelity. This report describes in detail four methods to compute bounding geometries of ground obstacles from lidar point clouds. The four methods are: 1) 2.5D Maximum Elevation Box, 2) 2.5D Ground Map Extrusion, 3) 3D Bounding Cylinder, and 4) 3D Bounding Box. The methods are applied to five point cloud datasets from lidar surveys of UAV flight research sites in Georgia and Virginia with an average point spacing that ranges from 0.1m to 0.6m. The methods are assessed using survey areas with geometrically heterogeneous ground structures: buildings, vegetation, power lines, and sub-meter structures such as road signs and guy wires. The 2.5D Maximum Elevation Box method is useful for simple structures. The 2.5D Ground Map Extrusion method efficiently encloses vegetation, but requires handdrawn ground footprints. The 3D Bounding Cylinder method excels at enclosing linear structures such as power lines and fences. The 3D Bounding Box method excels at enclosing planar structures such as buildings. The methods are compared on the basis of data compression and boundary fidelity on selected areas. The 2.5D methods yield the highest data compression but the polyhedra produced by them enclose significant amounts of empty space. Boundary fidelity is superior for the 3D methods, though this fidelity comes at the cost of a roughly thirtyfold lower data compression ratio than the 2.5D Maximum Elevation Box method. A mix of these output geometries is proposed for autonomous UAV navigation with limited on-board computing. Both the accuracy and spatial detail of emerging satellite-based survey technology lower than that of aerial lidar scanning survey technology. Sub-meter structures and thin linear structures are not reliably mapped at present by satellite-based surveys.
- Published
- 2019
31. Image-Based Localization of Ultraviolet Corona
- Author
-
Moore, Andrew J and Schubert, Matthew R
- Subjects
Optics - Abstract
Systems and methods for identifying a fault in an electrical distribution system may include capturing an image of a corona event associated with a component of the electrical distribution system and processing the image of the corona event to identify the center and boundary of the corona event. An overlay for display with the image of the corona event may be generated, where the overlay identifying at least a center of the corona event and may be displayed to a user via a user interface device. In some cases, an unmanned aerial vehicle may comprise one or more image sensors capable of capturing the image of the corona event and communicate the images to a remote device for processing and display to the user. The image captured by the image sensors may include an ultraviolet image, a visible spectrum image, an infrared image, or a combination of image types.
- Published
- 2019
32. Clinical and cost effectiveness of single stage compared with two stage revision for hip prosthetic joint infection (INFORM): pragmatic, parallel group, open label, randomised controlled trial
- Author
-
Blom, Ashley W, primary, Lenguerrand, Erik, additional, Strange, Simon, additional, Noble, Sian M, additional, Beswick, Andrew D, additional, Burston, Amanda, additional, Garfield, Kirsty, additional, Gooberman-Hill, Rachael, additional, Harris, Shaun R S, additional, Kunutsor, Setor K, additional, Lane, J Athene, additional, MacGowan, Alasdair, additional, Mehendale, Sanchit, additional, Moore, Andrew J, additional, Rolfson, Ola, additional, Webb, Jason C J, additional, Wilson, Matthew, additional, and Whitehouse, Michael R, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. A UK national survey of care pathways and support offered to patients receiving revision surgery for prosthetic joint infection in the highest volume NHS orthopaedic centres
- Author
-
Moore, Andrew J., Whitehouse, Michael R., Gooberman‐Hill, Rachael, Heddington, Jason, Beswick, Andrew D., Blom, Ashley W., and Peters, Tim J.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Technologies and Operations for High Voltage Corona Detection with UAVs
- Author
-
Moore, Andrew J, Schubert, Matthew, and Rymer, Nicholas
- Subjects
Aircraft Design, Testing And Performance ,Instrumentation And Photography - Abstract
Autonomous UAV transmission line inspection served as a reference mission for NASA demonstration of UAV deployment for economic benefit; this paper reports corona sensing advances in development of that reference mission. Unmanned aerial vehicles can serve as a platform for autonomous sensing and location of high voltage coronal discharge. Simple processing of commercial corona camera imagery can automate discharge localization and documentation. Inexpensive ultraviolet point sensors can sense discharge when carried close to the defect with a UAV. Augmented with a parabolic mirror, point sensor range can be increased to a safe inspection standoff distance, at the cost of a narrowed field of view. Results from a test flight of an augmented UV sensor are described. The imaging approach is superior in sensitivity and acquisition time, while the point sensor approach has superior size, weight, cost and durability advantages.
- Published
- 2018
35. Testing Enabling Technologies for Safe UAS Urban Operations
- Author
-
Moore, Andrew J, Balachandran, Swee, Young, Steve, Dill, Evan, Logan, Michael J, Glaab, Lou, Munoz, Cesar, and Consiglio, Maria
- Subjects
Aircraft Design, Testing And Performance - Abstract
A set of more than 100 flight operations were conducted at NASA Langley Research Center using small UAS (sUAS) to demonstrate, test, and evaluate a set of technologies and an overarching air-ground system concept aimed at enabling safety. The research vehicle was tracked continuously during nominal traversal of planned flight paths while autonomously operating over moderately populated land. For selected flights, off-nominal risks were introduced, including vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) encounters. Three contingency maneuvers were demonstrated that provide safe responses. These maneuvers made use of an integrated air/ground platform and two on-board autonomous capabilities. Flight data was monitored and recorded with multiple ground systems and was forwarded in real time to a UAS traffic management (UTM) server for airspace coordination and supervision.
- Published
- 2018
36. Autonomous Inspection of Electrical Transmission Structures with Airborne UV Sensors and Automated Air Traffic Management
- Author
-
Moore, Andrew J, Schubert, Matthew, and Rymer, Nicholas
- Subjects
Electronics And Electrical Engineering ,Aircraft Design, Testing And Performance - Abstract
This report details test and measurement flights to demonstrate autonomous UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) inspection of high-voltage electrical transmission structures. A UAV built with commercial, off-the-shelf hardware and software, supplemented with custom sensors and logging software, measured ultraviolet (UV) emissions from a test generator placed on a low-altitude substation and a medium-altitude switching tower. Since corona discharge precedes catastrophic electrical faults on high-voltage structures, detection and geolocation of ultraviolet emissions is needed to develop a UAV-based self-diagnosing power grid. Signal readings from an onboard ultraviolet sensor were validated during flight with a commercial corona camera. Geolocation was accomplished with onboard GPS; the UAV position was logged to a local ground station and transmitted in real time to a NASA server for tracking in the national airspace. The method has practicality and relevance but not adequacy; either improved UAV position determination technology or increased sensor range is needed to enable broad deployment of this method.
- Published
- 2018
37. Infection after knee replacement: a qualitative study of impact of periprosthetic knee infection
- Author
-
Mallon, Charlotte M, Gooberman-Hill, Rachael, and Moore, Andrew J
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Clinical- and cost-effectiveness of the STAR care pathway compared to usual care for patients with chronic pain after total knee replacement: study protocol for a UK randomised controlled trial
- Author
-
Wylde, Vikki, Bertram, Wendy, Beswick, Andrew D., Blom, Ashley W., Bruce, Julie, Burston, Amanda, Dennis, Jane, Garfield, Kirsty, Howells, Nicholas, Lane, Athene, McCabe, Candy, Moore, Andrew J., Noble, Sian, Peters, Tim J., Price, Andrew, Sanderson, Emily, Toms, Andrew D., Walsh, David A., White, Simon, and Gooberman-Hill, Rachael
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Healthcare professionals' views on implementing the STAR care pathway for people with chronic pain after total knee replacement: A qualitative study.
- Author
-
Moore, Andrew J., Wylde, Vikki, Bertram, Wendy, Beswick, Andrew D., Howells, Nick, and Gooberman-Hill, Rachael
- Subjects
- *
TOTAL knee replacement , *MEDICAL personnel , *CHRONIC pain , *POSTOPERATIVE pain , *CARE of people , *LIFTING & carrying (Human mechanics) - Abstract
For many people with advanced osteoarthritis, total knee replacement is an effective treatment to relieve pain and improve function. However, 10–34% of people experience chronic postsurgical pain in the months and years after total knee replacement. The Support and Treatment After Replacement (STAR) randomised controlled trial (ISCRTN92545361) evaluated the clinical- and cost-effectiveness of a new multifaceted and personalised care pathway, compared with usual care, for people with pain at three months after total knee replacement. Our objective was to identify factors promoting or inhibiting its implementation, and to inform future training and wider implementation of the pathway. We conducted a prospective process evaluation using qualitative interviews with eight Extended Scope Practitioners and six Principal Investigators from seven trial sites who were involved in delivering the STAR care pathway during the trial. We used Normalization Process Theory as a theoretical framework for qualitative data collection and content analysis. We identified that factors promoting the implementation of the pathway were quick familiarisation with the pathway, valuing patient-centredness, formalising referral processes, and increasing confidence to address neuropathic pain. Challenges to implementation were availability of time and resources, sensitivity in referral process, and ensuring collective understanding of the pathway. These findings have enabled us to make recommendations about the future implementation of the STAR care pathway and will inform the development of a training package, and updated manual for successful delivery in usual care. Furthermore, this model of care has potential value in diverse elective surgeries and pain conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. UAV Inspection of Electrical Transmission Infrastructure with Path Conformance Autonomy and Lidar-Based Geofences NASA Report on UTM Reference Mission Flights at Southern Company Flights November 2016
- Author
-
Moore, Andrew J, Schubert, Matthew, Rymer, Nicholas, Balachandran, Swee, Consiglio, Maria, Munoz, Cesar, Smith, Joshua, Lewis, Dexter, and Schneider, Paul
- Subjects
Air Transportation And Safety - Abstract
Flights at low altitudes in close proximity to electrical transmission infrastructure present serious navigational challenges: GPS and radio communication quality is variable and yet tight position control is needed to measure defects while avoiding collisions with ground structures. To advance unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) navigation technology while accomplishing a task with economic and societal benefit, a high voltage electrical infrastructure inspection reference mission was designed. An integrated air-ground platform was developed for this mission and tested in two days of experimental flights to determine whether navigational augmentation was needed to successfully conduct a controlled inspection experiment. The airborne component of the platform was a multirotor UAV built from commercial off-the-shelf hardware and software, and the ground component was a commercial laptop running open source software. A compact ultraviolet sensor mounted on the UAV can locate 'hot spots' (potential failure points in the electric grid), so long as the UAV flight path adequately samples the airspace near the power grid structures. To improve navigation, the platform was supplemented with two navigation technologies: lidar-to-polyhedron preflight processing for obstacle demarcation and inspection distance planning, and trajectory management software to enforce inspection standoff distance. Both navigation technologies were essential to obtaining useful results from the hot spot sensor in this obstacle-rich, low-altitude airspace. Because the electrical grid extends into crowded airspaces, the UAV position was tracked with NASA unmanned aerial system traffic management (UTM) technology. The following results were obtained: (1) Inspection of high-voltage electrical transmission infrastructure to locate 'hot spots' of ultraviolet emission requires navigation methods that are not broadly available and are not needed at higher altitude flights above ground structures. (2) The sensing capability of a novel airborne UV detector was verified with a standard ground-based instrument. Flights with this sensor showed that UAV measurement operations and recording methods are viable. With improved sensor range, UAVs equipped with compact UV sensors could serve as the detection elements in a self-diagnosing power grid. (3) Simplification of rich lidar maps to polyhedral obstacle maps reduces data volume by orders of magnitude, so that computation with the resultant maps in real time is possible. This enables real-time obstacle avoidance autonomy. Stable navigation may be feasible in the GPS-deprived environment near transmission lines by a UAV that senses ground structures and compares them to these simplified maps. (4) A new, formally verified path conformance software system that runs onboard a UAV was demonstrated in flight for the first time. It successfully maneuvered the aircraft after a sudden lateral perturbation that models a gust of wind, and processed lidar-derived polyhedral obstacle maps in real time. (5) Tracking of the UAV in the national airspace using the NASA UTM technology was a key safety component of this reference mission, since the flights were conducted beneath the landing approach to a heavily used runway. Comparison to autopilot tracking showed that UTM tracking accurately records the UAV position throughout the flight path.
- Published
- 2017
41. Picosecond lasers for precision resection of soft tissues
- Author
-
Shephard, Jonathan D., primary, Beck, Rainer J., additional, Bitharas, Ioannis, additional, Ehrlich, Katjana, additional, Maisey, Thomas I., additional, Mathew, Ryan K., additional, Moor, James, additional, Moore, Andrew J., additional, Risbridger, Donald R., additional, Thomson, Robert R., additional, and Jayne, David G., additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Autonomous Inspection of Electrical Transmission Structures with Airborne UV Sensors - NASA Report on Dominion Virginia Power Flights of November 2016
- Author
-
Moore, Andrew J, Schubert, Matthew, and Nicholas Rymer
- Subjects
Aeronautics (General) - Abstract
The report details test and measurement flights to demonstrate autonomous UAV inspection of high voltage electrical transmission structures. A UAV built with commercial, off-the-shelf hardware and software, supplemented with custom sensor logging software, measured ultraviolet emissions from a test generator placed on a low-altitude substation and a medium-altitude switching tower. Since corona discharge precedes catastrophic electrical faults on high-voltage structures, detection and geolocation of ultraviolet emissions is needed to develop a UAV-based self-diagnosing power grid. Signal readings from an onboard ultraviolet sensor were validated during flight with a commercial corona camera. Geolocation was accomplished with onboard GPS; the UAV position was logged to a local ground station and transmitted in real time to a NASA server for tracking in the national airspace.
- Published
- 2017
43. Effects of the process dynamics in picosecond laser ablation of soft tissues
- Author
-
Beck, Rainer J., primary, Bitharas, Ioannis, additional, Ehrlich, Katjana, additional, Maisey, Thomas I., additional, Mathew, Ryan K., additional, Moore, Andrew J., additional, Moor, James, additional, Thomson, Robert R., additional, Jayne, David G., additional, and Shephard, Jonathan D., additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. The STAR care pathway for patients with pain at 3 months after total knee replacement: a multicentre, pragmatic, randomised, controlled trial
- Author
-
Wylde, Vikki, primary, Bertram, Wendy, additional, Sanderson, Emily, additional, Noble, Sian, additional, Howells, Nicholas, additional, Peters, Tim J, additional, Beswick, Andrew D, additional, Blom, Ashley W, additional, Moore, Andrew J, additional, Bruce, Julie, additional, Walsh, David A, additional, Eccleston, Christopher, additional, Harris, Shaun, additional, Garfield, Kirsty, additional, White, Simon, additional, Toms, Andrew, additional, Gooberman-Hill, Rachael, additional, Burston, Amanda, additional, Dennis, Jane, additional, Dieppe, Paul, additional, Burston, Benjamin, additional, Desai, Vikram, additional, Board, Tim, additional, Esler, Colin, additional, Parry, Michael, additional, and Phillips, Jonathan R.A., additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Temperature Measurement of a Synthetic Jet Produced by a Helmholtz Cavity
- Author
-
Blanco M., Alan D., primary, Barrientos G., Bernardino, additional, Moore, Andrew J., additional, and Mares C., Carlos, additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Morphological Processing of Ultraviolet Emissions of Electrical Corona Discharge for Analysis and Diagnostic Use
- Author
-
Schubert, Matthew R and Moore, Andrew J
- Subjects
Instrumentation And Photography - Abstract
Electron cascades from electrical discharge produce secondary emissions from atmospheric plasma in the ultraviolet band. For a single point of discharge, these emissions exhibit a stereotypical discharge morphology, with latent information about the discharge location. Morphological processing can uncover the location and therefore can have diagnostic utility.
- Published
- 2015
47. Machine Vision for Airport Runway Identification
- Author
-
Schubert, Matthew, Moore, Andrew J, Dolph, Chester, and Woodell, Glenn
- Subjects
Air Transportation And Safety - Published
- 2015
48. Anomalous Cases of Astronaut Helmet Detection
- Author
-
Dolph, Chester, Moore, Andrew J, Schubert, Matthew, and Woodell, Glenn
- Subjects
Man/System Technology And Life Support - Abstract
An astronaut's helmet is an invariant, rigid image element that is well suited for identification and tracking using current machine vision technology. Future space exploration will benefit from the development of astronaut detection software for search and rescue missions based on EVA helmet identification. However, helmets are solid white, except for metal brackets to attach accessories such as supplementary lights. We compared the performance of a widely used machine vision pipeline on a standard-issue NASA helmet with and without affixed experimental feature-rich patterns. Performance on the patterned helmet was far more robust. We found that four different feature-rich patterns are sufficient to identify a helmet and determine orientation as it is rotated about the yaw, pitch, and roll axes. During helmet rotation the field of view changes to frames containing parts of two or more feature-rich patterns. We took reference images in these locations to fill in detection gaps. These multiple feature-rich patterns references added substantial benefit to detection, however, they generated the majority of the anomalous cases. In these few instances, our algorithm keys in on one feature-rich pattern of the multiple feature-rich pattern reference and makes an incorrect prediction of the location of the other feature-rich patterns. We describe and make recommendations on ways to mitigate anomalous cases in which detection of one or more feature-rich patterns fails. While the number of cases is only a small percentage of the tested helmet orientations, they illustrate important design considerations for future spacesuits. In addition to our four successful feature-rich patterns, we present unsuccessful patterns and discuss the cause of their poor performance from a machine vision perspective. Future helmets designed with these considerations will enable automated astronaut detection and thereby enhance mission operations and extraterrestrial search and rescue.
- Published
- 2015
49. Additional file 1 of Perceived occurrence of an adverse event affects patient-reported outcomes after total hip replacement
- Author
-
Carpenter, Charlotte V. E., Wylde, Vikki, Moore, Andrew J., Sayers, Adrian, Blom, Ashley W., and Whitehouse, Michael R.
- Subjects
surgical procedures, operative ,bacterial infections and mycoses ,neoplasms ,digestive system ,digestive system diseases - Abstract
Additional file 1. Appendix 1: Adverse events questionnaire sent to patients
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Laser bonding of glass to silicon using polymer for microsystems packaging
- Author
-
Bardin, Fabrice, Kloss, Stephan, Wang, Changhai, Moore, Andrew J., Jourdain, Anne, De Wolf, Ingrid, and Hand, Duncan P.
- Subjects
Polymers -- Usage ,Lasers -- Usage ,Microelectromechanical systems -- Design and construction ,Microelectromechanical systems -- Packaging ,Laser ,Engineering and manufacturing industries ,Science and technology - Abstract
Laser joining is a promising technique for wafer-level bonding. It avoids subjecting the complete microelectromechanical system (MEMS) package to a high temperature and/or the high electric field associated with conventional wafer-level bonding processes, using the laser to provide only localized heating. We demonstrate that a benzocyclobutene (BCB) polymer, used as an intermediate bonding layer in the packaging of MEMS devices, can be satisfactorily cured by using laser heating with a substantial reduction of curing time compared with an oven-based process. A glass-on-silicon (Si) cavity bonded with a BCB ring can be produced in a few seconds at a typical laser intensity of 1 W/[mm.sup.2] resulting in a local temperature of ~300 [degrees]C. Hermeticity and bond strength tests show that such cavities have similar or better performance than cavities sealed by commercial substrate bonders. The influence of exposure time, laser power, and applied pressure on the degree of cure, bond strength, and hermeticity is investigated. The concept of using a large area uniform laser beam together with a simple mirror mask is tested, demonstrating that such a mask is capable of protecting the center of the cavity from the laser beam; however, to prevent lateral heating via conduction through the Si, a high-conductivity heat sink is required to be in good thermal contact with the rear of the Si. [2006-0228] Index Terms--Laser bonding, microelectromechanical system (MEMS) packaging, wafer bonding.
- Published
- 2007
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.