Search

Currently, copper nanoparticles are used in various sectors of industry, agriculture, and medicine. To understand the effects induced by these nanoparticles, it is necessary to assess the environmental risk and safely expand their use. In this study, we evaluated the toxicity of copper oxide (nCuO) nanoparticles in Danio rerio adults, their distribution/concentration, and chemical form after exposure. This last assessment had never been performed on copper-exposed zebrafish. Such evaluation was done through the characterization of nCuO, acute exposure tests and analysis of distribution and concentration by microstructure X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (µ-XRF) and atomic absorption spectroscopy (GF-AAS). Synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) was performed to find out the chemical form of copper in hotspots. The results show that the toxicity values of fish exposed to nCuO were 2.4 mg L−1 (25 nm), 12.36 mg L−1 (40 nm), 149.03 mg L−1 (80 nm) and 0.62 mg L−1 (CuSO4, used as a positive control). The total copper found in the fish was in the order of mg kg-1 and it was not directly proportional to the exposure concentration; most of the copper was concentrated in the gastric system. However, despite the existence of copper hotspots, chemical transformation of CuO into other compounds was not detected.

Orientador: Ivanhoe Rodrigues Baracho Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia Resumo: No presente trabalho estudou-se os efeitos dos fungicidas Benlate, Demosan 65W e Dithane M22, em linhagens de fusarium moniliforme e F. moniliforme var. subglutinans. Organizou-se um grupo de seis tabelas que permitem determinar com facilidades e rapidez as doses letais 'DL IND. 50¿, 'DL IND. 70¿ e 'DL IND. 95¿ e seus respectivos intervalos de confiança. Seis conjuntos de dados de pesquisadores diferentes foram testados com essas tabelas e os resultados comparados com os obtidos por outros métodos de determinação de doses letais, tais como: próbite, lógite, Reed & muench, Thompson, Piedrabuena e de Baracho & Piedrabuena. Examinando-se os resultados de determinação dos níveis de resistência através da técnica de ¿inoculação por picada¿, para os três tóxicos ensaiados, observa-se que F. moniliforme var. subglutinans comporta-se de maneira diferente da de F. moniliforme. Com relação a Dithane M-22, os experimentos mostraram uma resposta atípica nas diferentes dosagens. Essas respostas atípicas talvez se relacionem com um possível efeito mutagênico do Dithane M-22. Quanto ao uso das tabelas aqui apresentadas, podemos concluir que, apesar das restrições discutidas no trabalho, sua aplicação a doses letais em microorganismos parece aceitável, não apenas pela simplificação e rapidez dos cálculos, mas também porque o grau de precisão parece ser compatível com a natureza destes tipos de experimentos em microrganismos Abstract: A study was carried out to analyse the effects of the three fungicides Benlate, Demosan 65W and Dithane M-22 in strains of Fusarium moniliforme and F. moniliforme var. subglutinans. A group of six tables was prepaired allowing rapid determination of the lethal doses 'LD IND. 50¿, 'LD IND. 70¿ and 'LD IND. 95¿ and their respective confidence intervals, with a minimum of time-consuming calculations. These were used on six sets of data from different authors and the results were compared with data of other methods of determining lethal doses such as: proibit, logit, Reed & Muench, Thompson, Piedrabuena and Barachos & Piedrabuena. The results of the resistance levels determined by measuring radial growth on PDA media for the three toxicants assyed, indicated that F. moniliforme behaves different by from F. moniliforme var. subglutinans. In relation to Dithane M-22, the experiments showed an atypical response to the different dosages. This response could be attributed to a possible mutagenic effect of Dithane M-22. from the proposed tables, it can be concluded that, in spite of some restrictions which are discussed in the paper, their application to lethal doses for microorganism seems acceptable, the simplification of the analysis, as well as the degrees of precision obtained appear to be compatible with the nature of this type of experiment in microorganisms Mestrado Mestre em Ciências Biológicas

Orientador: Ediogenes Aragão Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Mestrado História da Educação Mestre em Educação

Introduction: Cancer is a chronic multicausal disease characterized by disordered, rapid and invasive growth of cells altering their genetic material. It is associated with several changes in the gastrointestinal tract and may lead the patient to malnutrition and cachexia. Objective: To evaluate the nutritional risk using the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (ASG-PPP) of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Method: A cross-sectional, analytical study was conducted comparing chemotherapy treatments attended at the outpatient clinic with data collected from ASG-PPP. Results: Of the 78 patients analyzed, the majority were females (68.82%) aged between 54 + 15 years. The prevalent tumors were esophageal, gastric (23.08%) and breast (23.08). Patients with a localized breast tumor (52.38%) had nausea, vomiting and smells provoked sickness. A significant percentage of patients reported that they were eating less than normal (44.83%) males and (32.64%) females. In the nutritional risk analysis, the critical risk was recurrent among the study patients, with the kidney tumor group having the highest participation (100%). There was no significant difference in the assessment of nutritional diagnosis (p

Submitted by azevedo@ufp.pt (azevedo@ufp.pt) on 2017-10-04T13:52:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PPG_27861.pdf: 272657 bytes, checksum: 0e19429bae4d47c43a6f7029d57de878 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by halves@ufp.pt (halves@ufp.pt) on 2017-10-06T09:03:21Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 PPG_27861.pdf: 272657 bytes, checksum: 0e19429bae4d47c43a6f7029d57de878 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-06T09:03:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PPG_27861.pdf: 272657 bytes, checksum: 0e19429bae4d47c43a6f7029d57de878 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-11