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2. The DELPHI Silicon Tracker at LEP2

Author

Chochula, P, Rosinsky, P, Andreazza, A, Barker, G, Chabaud, V, Collins, P, Dijkstra, H, Dufour, Y, Elsing, M, Jalocha, P, Mariotti, C, Monnig, K, Treille, D, Venus, W, Zalewska, A, Ledroit, F, Eklund, C, Orava, R, Osterberg, K, Saarikko, H, Vuopionpera, R, de Boer, W, Hartmann, F, Heising, S, Kaiser, M, Knoblauch, D, Maehlum, G, Wielers, M, Bruckman, P, Galuszka, K, Gdanski, T, Kucewicz, W, Michalowski, J, Palka, H, Cindro, V, Kriznic, E, Zontar, D, Clemens, JC, Cohen-Solal, M, Delpierre, P, Mouthuy, T, Raymond, M, Sauvage, D, Bravin, E, Caccia, M, Campagnolo, R, Chignoli, F, Leoni, R, Meroni, C, Pindo, M, Troncon, C, Vegni, G, Couchot, F, D'Almagne, B, Fulda, F, Trombini, A, Bibby, J, Demaria, N, Pattison, P, Vassilopoulos, N, Mazzucato, M, Nomerotski, A, Stavitski, I, Brunet, JM, Courty, B, Guglielmi, G, Jaeger, JJ, Tristram, G, Turlot, JP, Baubillier, M, Roos, L, Rossel, F, Leitner, R, Masik, J, Ridky, J, Sicho, P, Vrba, V, Bates, M, Bizzell, J, Denton, L, Phillips, P, Gandelman, M, Polycarpo, E, Bosio, C, Rykalin, V, Martinez-Rivero, C, Brenner, R, Bystrom, O, Adam, W, Frischauf, N, Krammer, M, Leder, G, Pernegger, H, Pernicka, M, Rakoczy, D, Becks, KH, Drees, J, Gerlach, P, Glitza, KW, Heuser, JM, Kersten, S, Uberschar, B, Grp, DELPHIST, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DELPHI, Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Silicon, Pixel, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Detector, chemistry.chemical_element, Tracking (particle physics), 01 natural sciences, Noise (electronics), b-tagging, Momentum, Optics, chemistry, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Detectors and Experimental Techniques, Impact parameter, 010306 general physics, business, Knowledge discovery Bibliographical databases Medicine Biology, Instrumentation
Abstract

The DELPHI Silicon Tracker, an ensemble of microstrips, ministrips and pixels, was completed in 1997 and has accumulated over $70~{\rm pb^{-1}}$ of high energy data. The Tracker is optimised for the LEP2 physics programme. It consists of a silicon microstrip barrel and endcaps with layers of silicon pixel and ministrip detectors. In the barrel part, three dimensional $b$ tagging information is available down to a polar angle of $25^\circ$. Impact parameter resolutions have been measured of $28~\mu {\rm m} \oplus 71/(p~{\rm sin} ^{\frac{3}{2}} \theta)~\mu {\rm m} $ in $R \phi$ and $34~\mu {\rm m} \oplus 69/p~\mu {\rm m}$ in $Rz$, where $p$ is the track momentum in $\rm {GeV/c}$. The amount of material has been kept low with the use of double-sided detectors, double-metal readout, and light mechanics. The pixels have dimensions of 330~$\times$~330~$\m u${\rm m}$^2$ and the ministrips have a readout pitch of 200~$\mu {\rm m}$. The forward part of the detector shows average efficiencies of more than 96\%, has signal-to-noise ratios of up to 40 in the ministrips, and noise levels at the level of less than one part per million in the pixels. Measurements of space points with low backgrounds are provided, leading to a vastly improved tracking efficiency for the region with polar angle less than $25^\circ$.

Published
2016
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