Search

Rational use of surface and underground waters leads to a reduction in their consumption, which is currently one of the fundamental tasks in the field of the conservation of waters, in its broad sense. This includes also the utilisation of water from additional sources, such as e.g. precipitation water. The paper presents an analysis of the quality of rainwater outflowing from the roofs of garage buildings of the Park Authority of the Roztocze National Park. The results of analyses presented in the paper indicate a favourable composition of rainwater that meets the norms defined for water for human consumption. In the waters under analysis, exceeded levels were noted for ammonia, manganese and biological factors, but these do not preclude the use of the waters for household purposes. Rainwaters at the Roztocze National Park can be used for car washing, for the irrigation of green areas, or for toilet flushing. Such utilisation of rainwaters can largely contribute to a reduction of the use of high-quality underground waters.

The article presents the results of the analysis of morphological composition of municipal waste collected selectively in two municipalities: a large rural municipality in the Mazovian voivodeship and a rural-urban municipality located in the Lublin voivodeship. The segregated waste collection systems were practically the same in both communities. The collected waste was sorted into five basic fractions (plastic, metal, paper and cardboard, composite packaging, and glass) and divided into 17 sub-fractions. In total, over 400 Mg of waste was analysed in terms of its morphological composition. The process of separating the selected fractions was performed by manually sorting the packaging waste. The study was conducted in the course of four months of the summer of 2015 and aimed at examining the composition of waste depending on the type of municipality. The presented analyses showed no significant differences in the morphological composition of waste in both municipalities, and revealed mixed waste paper as the dominant fraction. The study showed, however, the problem of improper waste segregation at source. Keywords: municipal waste, waste segregation.

The aim of this study was to evaluate physical and energetic parameters of peat. Utility of the peat in horticulture and power generation were also estimated. Peat was mined from the Klejniki deposit, (Hajnówka municipality, Podlaskie province) in the north-eastern part of Poland. It was found that peat can be used for power generation, in the air-dry moisture condition. Peat parameters are similar to lignite. It can also be suitable for the production of horticultural substrates and incorporated into soil as a component for improving physical and chemical properties. The examined peat fulfills the requirements of for agricultural applications.