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الأهداف: هدفت الدّراسة إلى تقصي أثر التّدريب في المعرفة البيداغوجيّة للمحتوى (PCK) على الكفاءة الذّاتيّة لدى معلّمي التّعليم المهنيّ الأردني. المنهجية: اتبعت الدّراسة المنهج التجريبي ذا التصميم شبه التّجريبيّ، حيث تمّ تطوير برنامج تدريبي في المعرفة البيداغوجيّة تناول المحاور الآتية: معرفة مناهج التّعليم المهنيّ وطبيعتها، تخطيط التّدريس وتنفيذه ومعرفة طرائق واستراتيجيات التّدريس والتّقويم، خصائص المتعلّمين والبيئة التّعليميّة، كيفية تنفيذ التّدريب العمليّ، وتمّ تطوير مقياس للكفاءة الذّاتيّة، تمّ اختيار مجموعتين من معلّمي التّعليم المهنيّ إحداهما مجموعة تجريبيّة بلغ عدد أفرادها (20) معلّمًا، والأخرى مجموعة ضابطة بلغ عدد أفرادها (15) معلّمًا، حيثُ تمّ تدريب المجموعة التّجريبيّة وفق البرنامج التّدريبيّ في المعرفة البيداغوجيّة، أمّا المجموعة الضّابطة، فلم تخضع للتّدريب. النتائج: أشارت نتائج الدّراسة إلى وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائيّة عند مستوى الدّلالة (0.05 =α) في متوسّطات تقديرات المعلّمين على مقياس الكفاءة الذّاتيّة تعزى للبرنامج التّدريبيّ لصالح المجموعة التّجريبيّة. الخلاصة: في ضوء هذه النتائج، يمكن التوصية بضرورة التّدريب على المعرفة البيداغوجيّة للمحتوى عند الحاجة لتعزيز وتحسين الكفاءة الذّاتيّة للمعلّمين.

Wind energy is one of the speedy processing technologies in the energy generation industry and the most economical methods of electrical power generation. For the reliability of system, it is wanted to improve highly appropriate wind speed forecasting methods. The wavelet transform is a powerful mathematical technique that converts an analyzed signal into a time-frequency representation. This technique has proven useful in a nonstationary time series forecasting. The aims of this study are to propose a wavelet function by derivation of a quotient from two different Lucas polynomials, as well as a comparison between an artificial neural network (ANN) and wavelet-artificial neural network (WNN). We used the proposed wavelet, Mexican hat, Morlet, Gaussian, Haar, Daubechies, and Coiflet to transform the wind speed data using the continuous wavelet transform (CWT). MATLAB software was used to implement the CWT and ANN. The proposed models were applied in the meteorological field to forecast the daily wind speed data that were collected from the meteorological directorate of Sulaymaniyah which is a city located in the Kurdistan region of Iraq for the period (Jan. 2011–Dec. 2020). Five different performance criteria during calibration and validation, the root mean square error (RMSE), mean square error (MSE), mean absolute percentage error MAPE, mean absolute error MAE, and coefficient of determination (R2), were evaluated. When studying, analyzing, and comparing these models, the results of the study concluded that the proposed wavelet-ANN is the best result (MSE=0.00072, RMSE=0.02683, MAPE=2.32400, and R2=0.99983.

Global perspectives instruction often focuses on current news events, neglecting deeper human connections between local and global issues. This paper proposes "ecopedagogy" as a solution. Ecopedagogy is a critical approach that emphasizes the interconnectedness of people and the environment. By integrating ecopedagogy into interdisciplinary units, teachers can engage students in meaningful activities that develop critical thinking, cultural competence, and a sense of responsibility for the planet. Examples of ecopedagogical strategies include collaborative projects addressing local environmental challenges, journal prompts reflecting on personal connections to nature, and outdoor learning experiences. By fostering social-environmental awareness, ecopedagogy empowers students to become stewards of the earth and active agents of change who contribute to a more sustainable future. Exploring environmental issues through a global lens exposes students to diverse cultural perspectives and worldviews. This exposure fosters respect for environmental and social values, laying the foundation for meaningful cross-cultural dialogue and collaboration.

Abstract Background Probiotics refer to live bacteria that, when administered in a sufficiently, exert a beneficial influence on human health. Due to the probiotics' beneficial health advantages, dietary supplements are expanding rapidly as a self-care interest worldwide. It may be beneficial to administer probiotic strains resistant to antibiotics concurrently with an antibiotic treatment. Our study investigates nineteen dairy products collected from Egyptian markets, isolated, identified and underwent a characterization for probiotic features under demanding circumstances as NaCl, acid and bile salt environments. The antibiotic sensitivity test was performed later to the antimicrobial assessment against widespread both negative and positive gram-stained bacteria infecting humans, along with the antiviral evaluation against (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that has disturbed the world recently. Results Out of nineteen investigated isolates, five potential probiotic isolates were examined for probiotic characteristics. Our tested samples were of dairy origin (yogurt, cottage-cheese and sour milk) in Egypt, were identified as Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, Streptococcus thermophilus and Pediococcus acidilactici. These promising isolates had withstood stressful factors, such as NaCl, acid, bile salts, and the antimicrobial advance. The genomes were characterized for the physiology, safety, and efficacy of these isolates for probiotic qualities plus the presence of mobile genetic components and prophages that influence the genome's flexibility. They lack virulence factors and pathogenicity, rather than the lack of antibiotic resistance genes. Conclusion Three promising isolates underwent complete genome sequencing with high-throughput second generation technology followed by comprehensive bioinformatic analysis. The results showed that our isolates possess traits enabling resilience to antimicrobial effects and stress factors that might cause problems in the human gut. Several trustworthy genomic analysis methods were used to confirm and provide detailed illustrations of all traits. Genomic analyses confirmed the presence of stable genomes due to including mobile genetic components such as phages and CRISPR clusters, which validate their quality and safe usage for human health.

Abstract Background Actinomycetes are a well-known example of a microbiological origin that may generate a wide variety of chemical structures. As excellent cell factories, these sources are able to manufacture medicines, agrochemicals, and enzymes that are crucial. Results In this study, about 34 randomly selected Streptomyces isolates were discovered in soil, sediment, sea water, and other environments. Using a qualitative fast plate assay, they were tested for L-glutaminase production, and nine of them produced a significant amount of pink L-glutamine. Streptomyces sp. strain 5 M was identified by examining the 16S rRNA gene in the promising strain G8. A pH of 7.5, an incubation temperature of 40 °C, and the use of glucose and peptone as the carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively, produced the highest quantities of L-glutaminase. The molecular weight of the isolated L-glutaminase was estimated to be 52 kDa using SDS-PAGE analysis. At pH 7.5 and Temp., 40 °C, the isolated enzyme exhibited its highest levels of stability and activity. The isolated enzyme’s Km and Vmax values were 2.62 mM and 10.20 U/ml, respectively. Strong toxicity against HepG-2, HeLa, and MCF-7 was observed due to the anticancer properties of the isolated L-glutaminase. Conclusion Our findings include the discovery of Streptomyces sp. strain 5 M, which yields a free L-glutaminase and maybe a possible applicant for extra pharmacological investigation as an antineoplastic drug.

Aim: This study aims to investigate the influence of voxel size and postfiltering on the quantification of standardized uptake value (SUV) in positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) images. Materials and Methods: National Electrical Manufacturers Association phantom with the spheres of different sizes were utilized to simulate the lesions. The phantom was scanned using a PET/CT scanner, and the acquired images were reconstructed using two different matrix sizes, (192 × 192) and (256 × 256), and a wide range of postfiltering values. Results: The findings demonstrated that postfiltering significantly affected SUV measurements. The changes in postfiltering values can result in overestimation or underestimation of SUV values, highlighting the importance of carefully selecting appropriate filters. Increasing the matrix size improved SUVmax and SUVmean values, particularly for small-sized spheres. Smaller voxel reconstructions slightly reduced partial volume effects and partially enhanced SUV quantification. Conclusions: Careful consideration of postfiltering values and matrix size selection can lead to better SUV quantification. These findings emphasize the need to optimize the reconstruction parameters to enhance the clinical utility of PET/CT in detecting and evaluating malignant lesions.

Cells entrust ribosomes with the critical task of identifying problematic mRNAs and facilitating their degradation. Ribosomes must communicate when they encounter and stall on an aberrant mRNA, lest they expose the cell to toxic and disease-causing proteins, or they jeopardize ribosome homeostasis and cellular translation. In recent years, ribosomal ubiquitination has emerged as a central signaling step in this process, and proteomic studies across labs and experimental systems show a myriad of ubiquitination sites throughout the ribosome. Work from many labs zeroed in on ubiquitination in one region of the small ribosomal subunit as being functionally significant, with the balance and exact ubiquitination sites determined by stall type, E3 ubiquitin ligases, and deubiquitinases. This review discusses the current literature surrounding ribosomal ubiquitination during translational stress and considers its role in committing translational complexes to decay.

Mpox, formerly referred to as monkeypox, is a viral disease endemic to central Africa, resulting from the monkeypox virus (MPXV). This study provides a current overview of the Mpox epidemic as of 2024, emphasizing significant developments and epidemiological trends. The World Health Organization (WHO) initially designated a clade Ⅱb outbreak as a global health emergency in May 2022, which was subsequently managed through vaccination and public health interventions by May 2023. In September 2023, a resurgence of cladeⅠ in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) resulted in a 160 % increase in cases by 2024. The WHO declared this increase a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) in August 2024. The outbreak timeline indicates substantial rises in cases and fatalities, especially among children under 15 in the DRC. Regional analysis reveals that the European Region initially recorded the highest incidence of cases and fatalities. In contrast, regions including African Region (AFRO), Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMRO), South-East Asia Region (SEARO), and Western Pacific Region (WPRO) exhibited a rise in cases, indicating a potential spread or resurgence of the health event. Gender disparities in transmission pathways were apparent, with males exhibiting higher case numbers, particularly via person-to-person contact. The research highlights the necessity of ongoing surveillance, global collaboration, and focused public health measures. The discourse addresses obstacles in vaccine distribution and the necessity for emergency use authorizations, highlighting the imperativeness for adaptive strategies in public health management. This extensive update offers critical insights into the present condition of the Mpox epidemic and the necessary measures to mitigate its proliferation.

Based on the results obtained from the eutectic points phase diagram, a novel deep eutectic solvent (ChCl/PYRO-DES) was prepared with two to one molar ratio of choline chloride (ChCl) to pyromellitic acid (1,2,4,5-benzenetetra-carboxylic acid, PYRO) at 140 °C in a cheap, simple, and non-toxic method and characterized by FT-IR, densitometer, TGA-DTA and 1H NMR techniques. Then, it was used as a capable and new catalyst for the synthesis of alkyl 1,2,6-trisubstituted-4-[(hetero)-arylamino]-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine-3-carboxylates 3(a-j) from the mixture of β-keto-ester, anilines, and aromatic aldehyde at 80 °C in solvent-free conditions, short reaction times, high yields, and easy recycling and separation of the DES catalyst.