Search

In this case, a 66‐year‐old female patient presented with the chief complaint of abdominal distention. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed no enlarged ovaries or obvious primary lesions; however, massive ascites and peritoneal disseminated nodules were observed. Ascites cytology revealed adenocarcinoma and immunohistochemical findings suggested serous carcinoma. The patient then underwent tumor reduction surgery after preoperative chemotherapy for suspected Stage IIIC primary peritoneal carcinoma. Postoperative histopathology revealed carcinoma consisting mainly of high‐grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) and sarcoma. In addition, serous intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC) of the fallopian tube was observed in the fimbriae of the left fallopian tube. Recently, it has been noted in the literature that most cases of peritoneal carcinoma are metastases or dissemination of carcinoma originating from the fimbriae of the fallopian tube. This is a rare case of peritoneal carcinosarcoma with STIC, and its report leads to a better understanding of the disease's features and possible therapeutic approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives:Endometriotic cyst fluid (ECF) contains a large amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and endometriotic cysts are exposed to strong oxidative stress, which may cause malignant transformation. In this study, ROS production by ECF was clinically analysed. Methods:Human immortalized epithelial cells derived from ovarian endometrioma (EMosis-CC/TERT 1) were treated with ECF. In addition, ROS production in EMosis-CC/TERT 1 was measured, and its clinical significance was analysed. Results:A total of 38 ECF samples were obtained from patients diagnosed with endometriotic cysts. In EMosis-CC/TERT1, significantly higher levels of ROS were induced by ECF than by the vehicle control and ferric nitrilotriacetate. There were no significant differences in ROS production by laterality and preoperative serum CA125 values. There were several patients whose cyst sizes were approximately 5 cm and had relatively high ROS production. Production of ROS by ECF was relatively higher in patients older than 40 years of age than in those younger than 40. Discussion:Our study revealed that ROS are highly produced by ECF in EMosis-CC/TERT1 cells; therefore, exposure to ECF induced strong oxidative stress. Development of a therapeutic strategy to reduce ROS production might be useful for preventing malignant transformation of endometriotic cysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim Insulin-like growth factor ( IGF)- I is known to stimulate fetal growth. One of the IGF-binding proteins, IGFBP-1, suppresses IGF- I activity, and thereby inhibits fetal growth. Because hypoxic stress in the uterus is known to cause fetal growth restriction, we examined the effects of hypoxia on IGFBP-1 production and phosphorylation status. Methods Because liver is a main IGFBP-1 production site in the fetus, we used a hepatoma cell line, Hep G2 cells, that secrete a large amount of IGFBP-1, express IGF- I receptors and model fetal liver metabolism in vitro. IGFBP-1 was analyzed by sodium dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ( PAGE) following immunoblotting, and IGFBP-1 phosphorylation status was analyzed by native PAGE following immunoblotting. Results Total concentrations of IGFBP-1 in media were higher and the highly phosphorylated isoforms were dominant in low oxygen conditions. Phosphorylation of IGF- I receptor by IGF- I was attenuated in low oxygen conditions. IGF- I-induced phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 ( IRS-1) was attenuated in low oxygen conditions as well. However, attenuated phosphorylation of IGF- I receptor and IRS-1 were not observed in low oxygen conditions if the cells were stimulated with LR3IGF- I that has a similar binding affinity to IGF- I receptor but much less binding affinity to IGFBP-1 compared to those of native IGF- I. While IGF- I-induced cell proliferation was also inhibited in low oxygen conditions, LR3IGF- I-stimulated cell proliferation was not inhibited. These findings indicate that low oxygen conditions inhibit IGF- I action by increasing IGFBP-1, especially phosphorylated IGFBP-1, which inhibits IGF- I action. Conclusion This study has indicated that hypoxia-induced IGFBP-1 production in the fetus may be a conserved physiological mechanism for restricting IGF- I-stimulated fetal growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Uterine sarcoma is a rare malignant gynecological tumor with a poor prognosis. Many studies have identified the clinical stage as an important prognostic factor; however, the heterogeneity of patient distribution in the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage has reportedly required further revision. Therefore, this study retrospectively investigated the factors related to the prognosis of uterine sarcoma, with particular attention to tumor size, which can be evaluated preoperatively., Methods: Clinical data were extracted from the medical records of patients with uterine sarcoma treated between January 2010 and January 2023. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were plotted according to clinical factors such as histological type, clinical stage, chemotherapy, and tumor size. Factors that were significant in the univariate analysis were subjected to the multivariate analysis using Cox proportional hazards regression., Results: Thirty-four patients with uterine sarcoma, comprising 24 (70.5%), five (14.7%), three (8.8%), and two (5.9%) with leiomyosarcoma, undifferentiated sarcoma, high-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma, and low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma, respectively, were included. Based on the FIGO stage, 15 (44.1%), six (17.6%), three (8.8%), and 10 patients had stage I, II, III, and IV disease, respectively, at the time of diagnosis. All patients underwent surgery as initial treatment; 15 received postoperative chemotherapy. Among the 32 patients with uterine leiomyosarcoma, undifferentiated sarcoma, or high-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma, overall survival differed significantly in the univariate analysis based on disease stage (I + II vs. III + IV) and tumor size (≤10 vs. >10 cm). However, only tumor size was an independent prognostic factor in the multivariate analysis., Conclusion: Tumor size (≤10 vs. >10 cm) may possibly have a prognostic impact on uterine sarcoma., Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Ethics Committee of Kyorin University issued approval R04-088. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., (Copyright © 2024, Asano et al.)