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2. The contribution of environmental selection on microbial community structure, function and biogeography

Author

Mombrikotb, Shorok Bashir and Bell, Thomas

Subjects
570
Abstract

Agriculture, which accounts for approximately 75% of land use in the UK, relies on microbial communities for many key processes. Despite their importance to the sustainability of agriculture, our understanding of the long-term effects of agricultural practices on soil microbial communities is limited. Agricultural practices not only alter many edaphic variables such as nutrient content and pH, they also introduce chemical stressors such as pesticides to the soil environment. In the UK, approximately 2x105 kg of insecticides and molluscicides are applied each year, with only 0.1% reaching target organisms. Using a long-term (>20 years), fully-factorial grassland field experiment (Nash’s Field), along with a series of microcosm experiment, this thesis assessed the impact of anthropogenic activity, particularly liming and pesticide application, on soil microbial community structure, functioning, and biogeography. Microcosm experiments indicated a direct impact of pesticides on soil bacterial community structure and metabolic activity. Findings highlighted an asymmetric interaction between pH and pesticide, and indicated that shifts in bacterial community structure were pesticide specific. These results were mirrored in long-term exposure to pesticide, which also significantly altered both community structure and functioning. These commonly used agricultural practices significantly reduced the gradient of the distance-decay relationship, creating increasingly similar communities by way of environmental selection. Given the link between community structure and functioning, anthropogenic induced disturbances pose a serious threat to agricultural sustainability as well as potentially altering landscape heterogeneity.

Published
2017
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6. The interactions and hierarchical effects of long‐term agricultural stressors on soil bacterial communities

Author

Mombrikotb, Shorok B., Van Agtmaal, Maaike, Johnstone, Emma, Crawley, Michael J., Gweon, Hyun S., Griffiths, Robert I., Bell, Thomas, Mombrikotb, Shorok B., Van Agtmaal, Maaike, Johnstone, Emma, Crawley, Michael J., Gweon, Hyun S., Griffiths, Robert I., and Bell, Thomas

Abstract

Soils are subjected to multiple anthropogenic modifications, but the synergistic impacts of simultaneous environmental stressors on below-ground communities are poorly understood. We used a large-scale (1152 plots), long-term (26 years), multi-factorial grassland experiment to assess the impact of five common agricultural practises (pesticides, herbicide, liming, fertilizers and grazing exclusion) and their interactive effects on the composition and activity of soil microbial communities. We confirmed that pH strongly impacts belowground communities, but further demonstrate that pH strongly mediates the impacts of other management factors. Notably, there was a significant interaction between liming and the effect of pesticide application, with only half of the taxa responding to pesticide being shared in both limed and unlimed treatments. Likewise, nutrient amendments significantly altered bacterial community structure in acidic soils. Not only do these results highlight an hierarchy of effect of commonly used agricultural practices but also the widespread interactions between treatments: many taxa were significantly affected by interactions between treatments, even in the absence of significant main effects. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that chemical amendments may not percolate deeply into physically unperturbed soils with effects concentrated between 0 and 30 cm, despite 20+ years of treatment. The research shows that future changes to agricultural practices will need to consider interactions among multiple factors.

Published
2022

8. Estimating digestion time in gelatinous predators: a methodological comparison with the scyphomedusa Aurelia aurita

Author

FitzGeorge-Balfour, Tania, Hirst, Andrew G., Lucas, Cathy H., Craggs, Jamie, Whelan, Emma J., and Mombrikotb, Shorok

Subjects
Jellyfishes -- Physiological aspects, Digestion -- Research, Biological sciences
Abstract

In order to quantify the trophic impact of gelatinous predators, digestion time estimates are commonly applied to counts of prey in the guts. Three primary approaches are used, the Manual-feeding, Natural-feeding and Steady-state methods; these differ in methodology and their underlying assumptions. The criteria used to define the end-point of digestion, and the resolution at which digestion progress is observed, also vary across studies. To understand the impact of such differences, we estimate digestion times of the scyphomedusa Aurelia aurita fed adult females of the copepod Acartia tonsa using these various approaches. We find ~ fourfold differences which can be attributed to bias towards the slowest rates of digestion by some end-point criteria, and overestimation from low observation resolution. Artificial manipulation and the degree to which swimming and feeding behaviour are natural may also influence estimates. We provide recommendations for those quantifying digestion times of Aurelia aurita medusae and gelatinous predators., Introduction Aurelia spp. is a ubiquitous scyphomedusa, commonly found worldwide in estuarine and coastal waters (Mayer 1910; Dawson and Jacobs 2001; Dawson and Martin 2001). It is the most studied [...]

Published
2013
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10. Science Advances

Author

Tiegs, Scott D., Costello, David M., Isken, Mark W., Woodward, Guy, McIntyre, Peter B., Gessner, Mark O., Chauvet, Eric, Griffiths, Natalie A., Flecker, Alex S., Acuña, Vicenç, Albariño, Ricardo, Allen, Daniel C., Alonso, Cecilia, Andino, Patricio, Arango, Clay, Aroviita, Jukka, Barbosa, Marcus V. M., Barmuta, Leon A., Baxter, Colden V., Bell, Thomas D. C., Bellinger, Brent, Boyero, Luz, Brown, Lee E., Bruder, Andreas, Bruesewitz, Denise A., Burdon, Francis J., Callisto, Marcos, Canhoto, Cristina, Capps, Krista A., Castillo, María M., Clapcott, Joanne, Colas, Fanny, Colón-Gaud, Checo, Cornut, Julien, Crespo-Pérez, Verónica, Cross, Wyatt F., Culp, Joseph M., Danger, Michael, Dangles, Olivier, de Eyto, Elvira, Derry, Alison M., Villanueva, Veronica Díaz, Douglas, Michael M., Elosegi, Arturo, Encalada, Andrea C., Entrekin, Sally, Espinosa, Rodrigo, Ethaiya, Diana, Ferreira, Verónica, Ferriol, Carmen, Flanagan, Kyla M., Fleituch, Tadeusz, Follstad Shah, Jennifer J., Frainer, André, Friberg, Nikolai, Frost, Paul C., Garcia, Erica A., García Lago, Liliana, García Soto, Pavel Ernesto, Ghate, Sudeep, Giling, Darren P., Gilmer, Alan, Gonçalves, José Francisco, Gonzales, Rosario Karina, Graça, Manuel A. S., Grace, Mike, Grossart, Hans-Peter, Guérold, François, Gulis, Vlad, Hepp, Luiz U., Higgins, Scott, Hishi, Takuo, Huddart, Joseph, Hudson, John, Imberger, Samantha, Iñiguez-Armijos, Carlos, Iwata, Tomoya, Janetski, David J., Jennings, Eleanor, Kirkwood, Andrea E., Koning, Aaron A., Kosten, Sarian, Kuehn, Kevin A., Laudon, Hjalmar, Leavitt, Peter R., Lemes da Silva, Aurea L., Leroux, Shawn J., LeRoy, Carri J., Lisi, Peter J., MacKenzie, Richard, Marcarelli, Amy M., Masese, Frank O., McKie, Brendan G., Oliveira Medeiros, Adriana, Meissner, Kristian, Miliša, Marko, Mishra, Shailendra, Miyake, Yo, Moerke, Ashley, Mombrikotb, Shorok, Mooney, Rob, Moulton, Tim, Muotka, Timo, Negishi, Junjiro N., Neres-Lima, Vinicius, Nieminen, Mika L., Nimptsch, Jorge, Ondruch, Jakub, Paavola, Riku, Pardo, Isabel, Patrick, Christopher J., Peeters, Edwin T. H. M., Pozo, Jesus, Pringle, Catherine, Prussian, Aaron, Quenta, Estefania, Quesada, Antonio, Reid, Brian, Richardson, John S., Rigosi, Anna, Rincón, José, Rîşnoveanu, Geta, Robinson, Christopher T., Rodríguez-Gallego, Lorena, Royer, Todd V., Rusak, James A., Santamans, Anna C., Selmeczy, Géza B., Simiyu, Gelas, Skuja, Agnija, Smykla, Jerzy, Sridhar, Kandikere R., Sponseller, Ryan, Stoler, Aaron, Swan, Christopher M., Szlag, David, Teixeira-de Mello, Franco, Tonkin, Jonathan D., Uusheimo, Sari, Veach, Allison M., Vilbaste, Sirje, Vought, Lena B. M., Wang, Chiao-Ping, Webster, Jackson R., Wilson, Paul B., Woelfl, Stefan, Xenopoulos, Marguerite A., Yates, Adam G., Yoshimura, Chihiro, Yule, Catherine M., Zhang, Yixin X., Zwart, Jacob A., School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), Leibniz-Institut für Gewässerökologie und Binnenfischerei (IGB), Leibniz Association, Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, ICRA, Catalan Institute for Water Research, ICRA, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador, Wetland ecology department (Seville, Espagne), Doñana biological station - CSIC (SPAIN), Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology - EAWAG (SWITZERLAND), Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences – Uppsala, Sweden, Burdon, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais [Belo Horizonte] (UFMG), Marine and environmental research centre - IMAR-CMA (Coimbra, Portugal), University of Coimbra [Portugal] (UC), GRET, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Avignon Université (AU), Laboratorio de Limnología [Bariloche], Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente [Bariloche] (INIBIOMA-CONICET), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional del Comahue [Neuquén] (UNCOMA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional del Comahue [Neuquén] (UNCOMA), Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, Polska Akademia Nauk (PAN), Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Limnology of Stratified Lakes, IGB-Neuglobsow, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux (LIEC), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, University of Bath [Bath], Yamanashi University, Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), University of Vienna [Vienna], University of Zagreb, VTT Information technology, Technical Research Centre of Finland, Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Universidate de Vigo, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Department of Biology, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM), Universidad del Zulia (LUZ), Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Gelnhausen, Germany, University of Southampton, Research Institute of New-Type Urbanization, Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Oakland University (USA), Kent State University, Imperial College London, Cornell University, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Climate Change Science Institute [Oak Ridge] (CCSI), Oak Ridge National Laboratory [Oak Ridge] (ORNL), UT-Battelle, LLC-UT-Battelle, LLC, Instituto Catalán de Investigación del Agua - ICRA (SPAIN) (ICRA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional del Comahue [Neuquén] (UNCOMA), DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA NORMAN USA, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), University of the Republic of Uruguay, Central Washington University, Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE), Federal University of Tocantins, University of Tasmania [Hobart, Australia] (UTAS), Idaho State University, Watershed Protection Department, Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK, Swiss Federal Insitute of Aquatic Science and Technology [Dübendorf] (EAWAG), Colby College, Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, University of Georgia [USA], EI Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología [Mexico] (CONACYT), Cawthron Institute, Risques, Ecosystèmes, Vulnérabilité, Environnement, Résilience (RECOVER), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Georgia Southern University, University System of Georgia (USG), Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador, Montana State University (MSU), Wilfrid Laurier University (WLU), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Terre et Environnement de Lorraine (OTELo), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidade de Vigo, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology [CALS], College of Agriculture and Life Sciences [Cornell University] (CALS), Cornell University [New York]-Cornell University [New York], Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT), University of Leeds, Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), and Entomology

Subjects
Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management, riparian zones, ORGANIC-MATTER DECOMPOSITION, Biodiversité et Ecologie, Oceanografi, hydrologi och vattenresurser, Carbon Cycle, CARBON, ekosysteemit, Oceanography, Hydrology and Water Resources, biomes, biomit, ddc:570, carbon cycle, Humans, STREAMS, Life Science, Human Activities, Riparian zones, TEMPERATURE, Institut für Biochemie und Biologie, Ecosystem, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, SDG 15 - Life on Land, aquatic ecosystems, Science & Technology, WIMEK, hiilen kierto, vesiekosysteemit, Aquatic Ecology, Aquatische Ecologie en Waterkwaliteitsbeheer, rivers, Multidisciplinary Sciences, ekosysteemit (ekologia), Biomonitoring, articles, Science & Technology - Other Topics, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, ecosystems, joet, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract

River ecosystems receive and process vast quantities of terrestrial organic carbon, the fate of which depends strongly on microbial activity. Variation in and controls of processing rates, however, are poorly characterized at the global scale. In response, we used a peer-sourced research network and a highly standardized carbon processing assay to conduct a global-scale field experiment in greater than 1000 river and riparian sites. We found that Earth’s biomes have distinct carbon processing signatures. Slow processing is evident across latitudes, whereas rapid rates are restricted to lower latitudes. Both the mean rate and variability decline with latitude, suggesting temperature constraints toward the poles and greater roles for other environmental drivers (e.g., nutrient loading) toward the equator. These results and data set the stage for unprecedented “next-generation biomonitoring” by establishing baselines to help quantify environmental impacts to the functioning of ecosystems at a global scale. This research was supported by awards to S.D.T. from the Ecuadorian Ministry of Science [Secretaría de Educación Superior Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (SENESCYT)] through the PROMETEO scholar exchange program, the Oakland University Research Development Grant program, and a Huron Mountain Wildlife Foundation research grant. N.A.G. was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. We are grateful for open-access-publishing funds from Kresge Library at Oakland University and Queen’s University Belfast. This research was supported by awards to S.D.T. from the Ecuadorian Ministry of Science [Secretaría de Educación Superior Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (SENESCYT)] through the PROMETEO scholar exchange program, the Oakland University Research Development Grant program, and a Huron Mountain Wildlife Foundation research grant. N.A.G. was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. We are grateful for open-access-publishing funds from Kresge Library at Oakland University and Queen’s University Belfast.

Published
2019
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11. Global patterns and drivers of ecosystem functioning in rivers and riparian zones

Author

Tiegs, Scott D., Costello, David M., Isken, Mark W., Woodward, Guy, McIntyre, Peter B., Gessner, Mark O., Chauvet, Eric, Flecker, Alex S., Acuña, Vicenç, Albariño, Ricardo J., Allen, Daniel C., Alonso, Cecilia, Andino, Patricio, Arango, Clay P., Aroviita, Jukka, Barbosa, Marcus V. M., Barmuta, Leon A., Baxter, Colden V., Bell, Thomas D. C., Bellinger, Brent J., Boyero, Luz, Brown, Lee E., Bruder, Andreas, Bruesewitz, Denise A., Burdon, Francis J., Callisto, Marcos, Canhoto, Cristina, Capps, Krista A., Castillo, María M., Clapcott, Joanne, Colas, Fanny, Colón-Gaud, Checo, Cornut, Julien, Crespo-Pérez, Verónica, Cross, Wyatt F., Culp, Joseph M., Danger, Michael, Dangles, Olivier, de Eyto, Elvira, Derry, Alison M., Díaz Villanueva, Veronica, Douglas, Michael M., Elosegi, Arturo, Encalada, Andrea C., Entrekin, Sally, Espinosa, Rodrigo, Ethaiya, Diana, Ferreira, Verónica, Ferriol, Carmen, Flanagan, Kyla M., Fleituch, Tadeusz, Shah, Jennifer J. Follstad, Frainer, André, Friberg, Nikolai, Frost, Paul C., Garcia, Erica A., García Lago, Liliana, García Soto, Pavel Ernesto, Ghate, sudeep, Giling, Darren P., Gilmer, Alan, Gonçalves Jr., José Francisco, Gonzales, Rosario Karina, Graça, Manuel A. S., Grace, Mike, Grossart, Hans-Peter, Guérold, François, Gulis, Vlad, Hepp, Luiz U., Higgins, Scott, Hishi, Takuo, Huddart, Joseph, Hudson, John, Imberger, Samantha, Iñiguez-Armijos, Carlos, Iwata, Tomoya, Janetski, David J., Jennings, Eleanor, Kirkwood, Andrea E., Koning, Aaron A., Kosten, Sarian, Kuehn, Kevin A., Laudon, Hjalmar, Leavitt, Peter R., da Silva, Lemes, Leroux, Shawn J., LeRoy, Peter J. Lisi, MacKenzie, Richard, Marcarelli, Amy M., Masese, Frank O., McKie, Brendan G., Medeiros, Adriana Oliveira, Meissner, Kristian, Miliša, Marko, Mishra, Shailendra, Miyake, Yo, Moerke, Ashley, Mombrikotb, Shorok, mooney, Rob, Moulton, Tim, Muotka, Timo, Negishi, Junjiro N., Neres-Lima, Vinicius, Nieminen, Mika L., Nimptsch, Jorge, Ondruch, Jakub, Paavola, Riku, Pardo, Isabel, Patrick, Christopher J., Peeters, Edwin T.H.M., Pozo, Jesus, Pringle, Catherine, Prussian, Aaron, Quenta, Estefania, Quesada, Antonio, Reid, Brian, Richardson, John S., Rigosi, Anna, Rincón, José, Rîşnoveanu, Geta, Robinson, Christopher T., Rodríguez-Gallego, Lorena, Royer, Todd V., Rusak, James A., Santamans, Anna C., Selmeczy, Géza B., Simiyu, Gelas, Skuja, Agnija, Smykla, Jerzy, Sridar, Kandikere R., Sponseller, Ryan, Stoler, Aaron, Swan, Christopher M., Szlag, David, Teixeira-de Mello, Franco, Tonkin, Jonathan D., Uusheimo, Sari, Veach, Allison M., Vilbaste, Sirje, Vought, Lena B.M., Wang, Chiao-Ping, Webster, Jackson R., Wilson, Paul B., Woelfl, Stefan, Xenopoulos, Marguerite A., Yates, Adam G., Yoshimura, Chihiro, Yule, Catherine M., Zhang, Yixin X., and Zwart, Jacob A.

Subjects
VDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480, VDP::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Zoology and botany: 480
Abstract

River ecosystems receive and process vast quantities of terrestrial organic carbon, the fate of which depends strongly on microbial activity. Variation in and controls of processing rates, however, are poorly characterized at the global scale. In response, we used a peer-sourced research network and a highly standardized carbon processing assay to conduct a global-scale field experiment in greater than 1000 river and riparian sites. We found that Earth’s biomes have distinct carbon processing signatures. Slow processing is evident across latitudes, whereas rapid rates are restricted to lower latitudes. Both the mean rate and variability decline with latitude, suggesting temperature constraints toward the poles and greater roles for other environmental drivers (e.g., nutrient loading) toward the equator. These results and data set the stage for unprecedented “next-generation biomonitoring” by establishing baselines to help quantify environmental impacts to the functioning of ecosystems at a global scale.

Published
2019

12. Global patterns and drivers of ecosystem functioning in rivers and riparian zones

Author

Entomology, Tiegs, Scott D., Costello, David M., Isken, Mark W., Woodward, Guy, McIntyre, Peter B., Gessner, Mark O., Chauvet, Eric, Griffiths, Natalie A., Flecker, Alex S., Acuna, Vicenc, Albarino, Ricardo, Allen, Daniel C., Alonso, Cecilia, Andino, Patricio, Arango, Clay, Aroviita, Jukka, Barbosa, Marcus V. M., Barmuta, Leon A., Baxter, Colden V., Bell, Thomas D. C., Bellinger, Brent, Boyero, Luz, Brown, Lee E., Bruder, Andreas, Bruesewitz, Denise A., Burdon, Francis J., Callisto, Marcos, Canhoto, Cristina, Capps, Krista A., Castillo, Maria M., Clapcott, Joanne, Colas, Fanny, Colon-Gaud, Checo, Cornut, Julien, Crespo-Perez, Veronica, Cross, Wyatt F., Culp, Joseph M., Danger, Michael, Dangles, Olivier, de Eyto, Elvira, Derry, Alison M., Diaz Villanueva, Veronica, Douglas, Michael M., Elosegi, Arturo, Encalada, Andrea C., Entrekin, Sally A., Espinosa, Rodrigo, Ethaiya, Diana, Ferreira, Veronica, Ferriol, Carmen, Flanagan, Kyla M., Fleituch, Tadeusz, Shah, Jennifer J. Follstad, Frainer, Andre, Friberg, Nikolai, Frost, Paul C., Garcia, Erica A., Lago, Liliana Garcia, Garcia Soto, Pavel Ernesto, Ghate, Sudeep, Giling, Darren P., Gilmer, Alan, Goncalves, Jose Francisco, Jr., Gonzales, Rosario Karina, Graca, Manuel A. S., Grace, Mike, Grossart, Hans-Peter, Guerold, Francois, Gulis, Vlad, Hepp, Luiz U., Higgins, Scott, Hishi, Takuo, Huddart, Joseph, Hudson, John, Imberger, Samantha, Iniguez-Armijos, Carlos, Iwata, Tomoya, Janetski, David J., Jennings, Eleanor, Kirkwood, Andrea E., Koning, Aaron A., Kosten, Sarian, Kuehn, Kevin A., Laudon, Hjalmar, Leavitt, Peter R., Lemes da Silva, Aurea L., Leroux, Shawn J., Leroy, Carri J., Lisi, Peter J., MacKenzie, Richard, Marcarelli, Amy M., Masese, Frank O., Mckie, Brendan G., Oliveira Medeiros, Adriana, Meissner, Kristian, Milisa, Marko, Mishra, Shailendra, Miyake, Yo, Moerke, Ashley, Mombrikotb, Shorok, Mooney, Rob, Moulton, Tim, Muotka, Timo, Negishi, Junjiro N., Neres-Lima, Vinicius, Nieminen, Mika L., Nimptsch, Jorge, Ondruch, Jakub, Paavola, Riku, Pardo, Isabel, Patrick, Christopher J., Peeters, Edwin T. H. M., Pozo, Jesus, Pringle, Catherine, Prussian, Aaron, Quenta, Estefania, Quesada, Antonio, Reid, Brian, Richardson, John S., Rigosi, Anna, Rincon, Jose, Risnoveanu, Geta, Robinson, Christopher T., Rodriguez-Gallego, Lorena, Royer, Todd V., Rusak, James A., Santamans, Anna C., Selmeczy, Geza B., Simiyu, Gelas, Skuja, Agnija, Smykla, Jerzy, Sridhar, Kandikere R., Sponseller, Ryan, Stoler, Aaron, Swan, Christopher M., Szlag, David, Teixeira-de Mello, Franco, Tonkin, Jonathan D., Uusheimo, Sari, Veach, Allison M., Vilbaste, Sirje, Vought, Lena B. M., Wang, Chiao-Ping, Webster, Jackson R., Wilson, Paul B., Woelfl, Stefan, Xenopoulos, Marguerite A., Yates, Adam G., Yoshimura, Chihiro, Yule, Catherine M., Zhang, Yixin X., Zwart, Jacob A., Entomology, Tiegs, Scott D., Costello, David M., Isken, Mark W., Woodward, Guy, McIntyre, Peter B., Gessner, Mark O., Chauvet, Eric, Griffiths, Natalie A., Flecker, Alex S., Acuna, Vicenc, Albarino, Ricardo, Allen, Daniel C., Alonso, Cecilia, Andino, Patricio, Arango, Clay, Aroviita, Jukka, Barbosa, Marcus V. M., Barmuta, Leon A., Baxter, Colden V., Bell, Thomas D. C., Bellinger, Brent, Boyero, Luz, Brown, Lee E., Bruder, Andreas, Bruesewitz, Denise A., Burdon, Francis J., Callisto, Marcos, Canhoto, Cristina, Capps, Krista A., Castillo, Maria M., Clapcott, Joanne, Colas, Fanny, Colon-Gaud, Checo, Cornut, Julien, Crespo-Perez, Veronica, Cross, Wyatt F., Culp, Joseph M., Danger, Michael, Dangles, Olivier, de Eyto, Elvira, Derry, Alison M., Diaz Villanueva, Veronica, Douglas, Michael M., Elosegi, Arturo, Encalada, Andrea C., Entrekin, Sally A., Espinosa, Rodrigo, Ethaiya, Diana, Ferreira, Veronica, Ferriol, Carmen, Flanagan, Kyla M., Fleituch, Tadeusz, Shah, Jennifer J. Follstad, Frainer, Andre, Friberg, Nikolai, Frost, Paul C., Garcia, Erica A., Lago, Liliana Garcia, Garcia Soto, Pavel Ernesto, Ghate, Sudeep, Giling, Darren P., Gilmer, Alan, Goncalves, Jose Francisco, Jr., Gonzales, Rosario Karina, Graca, Manuel A. S., Grace, Mike, Grossart, Hans-Peter, Guerold, Francois, Gulis, Vlad, Hepp, Luiz U., Higgins, Scott, Hishi, Takuo, Huddart, Joseph, Hudson, John, Imberger, Samantha, Iniguez-Armijos, Carlos, Iwata, Tomoya, Janetski, David J., Jennings, Eleanor, Kirkwood, Andrea E., Koning, Aaron A., Kosten, Sarian, Kuehn, Kevin A., Laudon, Hjalmar, Leavitt, Peter R., Lemes da Silva, Aurea L., Leroux, Shawn J., Leroy, Carri J., Lisi, Peter J., MacKenzie, Richard, Marcarelli, Amy M., Masese, Frank O., Mckie, Brendan G., Oliveira Medeiros, Adriana, Meissner, Kristian, Milisa, Marko, Mishra, Shailendra, Miyake, Yo, Moerke, Ashley, Mombrikotb, Shorok, Mooney, Rob, Moulton, Tim, Muotka, Timo, Negishi, Junjiro N., Neres-Lima, Vinicius, Nieminen, Mika L., Nimptsch, Jorge, Ondruch, Jakub, Paavola, Riku, Pardo, Isabel, Patrick, Christopher J., Peeters, Edwin T. H. M., Pozo, Jesus, Pringle, Catherine, Prussian, Aaron, Quenta, Estefania, Quesada, Antonio, Reid, Brian, Richardson, John S., Rigosi, Anna, Rincon, Jose, Risnoveanu, Geta, Robinson, Christopher T., Rodriguez-Gallego, Lorena, Royer, Todd V., Rusak, James A., Santamans, Anna C., Selmeczy, Geza B., Simiyu, Gelas, Skuja, Agnija, Smykla, Jerzy, Sridhar, Kandikere R., Sponseller, Ryan, Stoler, Aaron, Swan, Christopher M., Szlag, David, Teixeira-de Mello, Franco, Tonkin, Jonathan D., Uusheimo, Sari, Veach, Allison M., Vilbaste, Sirje, Vought, Lena B. M., Wang, Chiao-Ping, Webster, Jackson R., Wilson, Paul B., Woelfl, Stefan, Xenopoulos, Marguerite A., Yates, Adam G., Yoshimura, Chihiro, Yule, Catherine M., Zhang, Yixin X., and Zwart, Jacob A.

Abstract

River ecosystems receive and process vast quantities of terrestrial organic carbon, the fate of which depends strongly on microbial activity. Variation in and controls of processing rates, however, are poorly characterized at the global scale. In response, we used a peer-sourced research network and a highly standardized carbon processing assay to conduct a global-scale field experiment in greater than 1000 river and riparian sites. We found that Earth’s biomes have distinct carbon processing signatures. Slow processing is evident across latitudes, whereas rapid rates are restricted to lower latitudes. Both the mean rate and variability decline with latitude, suggesting temperature constraints toward the poles and greater roles for other environmental drivers (e.g., nutrient loading) toward the equator. These results and data set the stage for unprecedented “next-generation biomonitoring” by establishing baselines to help quantify environmental impacts to the functioning of ecosystems at a global scale.

Published
2019

13. Global patterns and drivers of ecosystem functioning in rivers and riparian zones

Author

Tiegs, Scott D., primary, Costello, David M., additional, Isken, Mark W., additional, Woodward, Guy, additional, McIntyre, Peter B., additional, Gessner, Mark O., additional, Chauvet, Eric, additional, Griffiths, Natalie A., additional, Flecker, Alex S., additional, Acuña, Vicenç, additional, Albariño, Ricardo, additional, Allen, Daniel C., additional, Alonso, Cecilia, additional, Andino, Patricio, additional, Arango, Clay, additional, Aroviita, Jukka, additional, Barbosa, Marcus V. M., additional, Barmuta, Leon A., additional, Baxter, Colden V., additional, Bell, Thomas D. C., additional, Bellinger, Brent, additional, Boyero, Luz, additional, Brown, Lee E., additional, Bruder, Andreas, additional, Bruesewitz, Denise A., additional, Burdon, Francis J., additional, Callisto, Marcos, additional, Canhoto, Cristina, additional, Capps, Krista A., additional, Castillo, María M., additional, Clapcott, Joanne, additional, Colas, Fanny, additional, Colón-Gaud, Checo, additional, Cornut, Julien, additional, Crespo-Pérez, Verónica, additional, Cross, Wyatt F., additional, Culp, Joseph M., additional, Danger, Michael, additional, Dangles, Olivier, additional, de Eyto, Elvira, additional, Derry, Alison M., additional, Villanueva, Veronica Díaz, additional, Douglas, Michael M., additional, Elosegi, Arturo, additional, Encalada, Andrea C., additional, Entrekin, Sally, additional, Espinosa, Rodrigo, additional, Ethaiya, Diana, additional, Ferreira, Verónica, additional, Ferriol, Carmen, additional, Flanagan, Kyla M., additional, Fleituch, Tadeusz, additional, Follstad Shah, Jennifer J., additional, Frainer, André, additional, Friberg, Nikolai, additional, Frost, Paul C., additional, Garcia, Erica A., additional, García Lago, Liliana, additional, García Soto, Pavel Ernesto, additional, Ghate, Sudeep, additional, Giling, Darren P., additional, Gilmer, Alan, additional, Gonçalves, José Francisco, additional, Gonzales, Rosario Karina, additional, Graça, Manuel A. S., additional, Grace, Mike, additional, Grossart, Hans-Peter, additional, Guérold, François, additional, Gulis, Vlad, additional, Hepp, Luiz U., additional, Higgins, Scott, additional, Hishi, Takuo, additional, Huddart, Joseph, additional, Hudson, John, additional, Imberger, Samantha, additional, Iñiguez-Armijos, Carlos, additional, Iwata, Tomoya, additional, Janetski, David J., additional, Jennings, Eleanor, additional, Kirkwood, Andrea E., additional, Koning, Aaron A., additional, Kosten, Sarian, additional, Kuehn, Kevin A., additional, Laudon, Hjalmar, additional, Leavitt, Peter R., additional, Lemes da Silva, Aurea L., additional, Leroux, Shawn J., additional, LeRoy, Carri J., additional, Lisi, Peter J., additional, MacKenzie, Richard, additional, Marcarelli, Amy M., additional, Masese, Frank O., additional, McKie, Brendan G., additional, Oliveira Medeiros, Adriana, additional, Meissner, Kristian, additional, Miliša, Marko, additional, Mishra, Shailendra, additional, Miyake, Yo, additional, Moerke, Ashley, additional, Mombrikotb, Shorok, additional, Mooney, Rob, additional, Moulton, Tim, additional, Muotka, Timo, additional, Negishi, Junjiro N., additional, Neres-Lima, Vinicius, additional, Nieminen, Mika L., additional, Nimptsch, Jorge, additional, Ondruch, Jakub, additional, Paavola, Riku, additional, Pardo, Isabel, additional, Patrick, Christopher J., additional, Peeters, Edwin T. H. M., additional, Pozo, Jesus, additional, Pringle, Catherine, additional, Prussian, Aaron, additional, Quenta, Estefania, additional, Quesada, Antonio, additional, Reid, Brian, additional, Richardson, John S., additional, Rigosi, Anna, additional, Rincón, José, additional, Rîşnoveanu, Geta, additional, Robinson, Christopher T., additional, Rodríguez-Gallego, Lorena, additional, Royer, Todd V., additional, Rusak, James A., additional, Santamans, Anna C., additional, Selmeczy, Géza B., additional, Simiyu, Gelas, additional, Skuja, Agnija, additional, Smykla, Jerzy, additional, Sridhar, Kandikere R., additional, Sponseller, Ryan, additional, Stoler, Aaron, additional, Swan, Christopher M., additional, Szlag, David, additional, Teixeira-de Mello, Franco, additional, Tonkin, Jonathan D., additional, Uusheimo, Sari, additional, Veach, Allison M., additional, Vilbaste, Sirje, additional, Vought, Lena B. M., additional, Wang, Chiao-Ping, additional, Webster, Jackson R., additional, Wilson, Paul B., additional, Woelfl, Stefan, additional, Xenopoulos, Marguerite A., additional, Yates, Adam G., additional, Yoshimura, Chihiro, additional, Yule, Catherine M., additional, Zhang, Yixin X., additional, and Zwart, Jacob A., additional

Published
2019
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14. The contribution of environmental selection on microbial community structure, function and biogeography

Author

Mombrikotb, Shorok Bashir, Bell, Thomas, and Natural Environment Research Council (Great Britain)

Abstract

Agriculture, which accounts for approximately 75% of land use in the UK, relies on microbial communities for many key processes. Despite their importance to the sustainability of agriculture, our understanding of the long-term effects of agricultural practices on soil microbial communities is limited. Agricultural practices not only alter many edaphic variables such as nutrient content and pH, they also introduce chemical stressors such as pesticides to the soil environment. In the UK, approximately 2x105 kg of insecticides and molluscicides are applied each year, with only 0.1% reaching target organisms. Using a long-term (>20 years), fully-factorial grassland field experiment (Nash’s Field), along with a series of microcosm experiment, this thesis assessed the impact of anthropogenic activity, particularly liming and pesticide application, on soil microbial community structure, functioning, and biogeography. Microcosm experiments indicated a direct impact of pesticides on soil bacterial community structure and metabolic activity. Findings highlighted an asymmetric interaction between pH and pesticide, and indicated that shifts in bacterial community structure were pesticide specific. These results were mirrored in long-term exposure to pesticide, which also significantly altered both community structure and functioning. These commonly used agricultural practices significantly reduced the gradient of the distance-decay relationship, creating increasingly similar communities by way of environmental selection. Given the link between community structure and functioning, anthropogenic induced disturbances pose a serious threat to agricultural sustainability as well as potentially altering landscape heterogeneity. Open Access

Published
2016

18. Elevated success of multispecies bacterial invasions impacts community composition during ecological succession

Author

Rivett, Damian W., Jones, Matt L., Ramoneda, Josep, Mombrikotb, Shorok B., Ransome, Emma, and Bell, Thomas

Subjects
next generation sequencing, Bacteria, timing, community assembly, community stability, 15. Life on land, invasion, species sorting
Abstract

Successful microbial invasions are determined by a species’ ability to occupy a niche in the new habitat whilst resisting competitive exclusion by the resident community. Despite the recognised importance of biotic factors in determining the invasiveness of microbial communities, the success and impact of multiple concurrent invaders on the resident community has not been examined. Simultaneous invasions might have synergistic effects, for example if resident species need to exhibit divergent phenotypes to compete with the invasive populations. We used three phylogenetically diverse bacterial species to invade two compositionally distinct communities in a controlled, naturalised in vitro system. By initiating the invader introductions at different stages of succession, we could disentangle the relative importance of resident community structure, invader diversity and time pre-invasion. Our results indicate that multiple invaders increase overall invasion success, but do not alter the successional trajectory of the whole community., Ecology Letters, 21 (4), ISSN:1461-023X, ISSN:1461-0248

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